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| 1 | 早产治疗的临床证据显示文摘截止至2002年5月,现有早产治疗的临床证据如下: (1) 高危早产:在一些国家实施的RCT发现,在降低早产危险方面,加强产前保健与普通产前保健没有明显差异.包括5个RCT的1个系统评价发现,对有宫颈改变的妇女行宫颈环扎术有不同的结果,没有明确的结论.1个大样本的RCT发现,孕9~29周宫颈功能可能不全的妇女进行预防性宫颈环扎手术与不环扎相比,能明显降低早产(<33孕周),但也会明显增加产褥感染的危险.另外4篇较小样本的RCT发现,孕10~30周、具各种早产高危因素的妇女,进行预防性宫颈环扎手术与不环扎相比,并不能降低早产(<34孕周).1篇系统评价的2个RCT报告,对有宫颈改变的妇女进行环扎术有不同的结果,其中1个RCT发现其并不能明显降低早产(<34孕周),而另外1个较小样本的RCT却发现宫颈环扎手术加卧床休息与单纯卧床休息比较,能明显降低34周前的早产.没有1个RCT证实行环扎术加卧床休息与单纯卧床休息相比,能降低围生儿死亡率. (2) 胎膜早破:1个系统评价发现,对胎膜早破的妇女,抗生素较安慰剂能明显延长孕周、降低新生儿发病率的危险,如新生儿感染、出生后氧疗、脑部超声异常等.阿莫西林加克拉维酸治疗与新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生率明显增加有关.一个基于1个RCT的系统评价发现,没有充足的证据证实羊膜腔灌注与不灌注比较能改善胎膜早破后的新生儿结局. (3) 先兆早产的治疗:①β-肾上腺素兴奋剂:1个系统评价发现,β-肾上腺素兴奋剂与安慰剂或不治疗相比,并不能明显降低围生儿死亡率、呼吸窘迫综合征及低体重儿(<2 500 g)发生率,且与与安慰剂或不治疗相比,β-肾上腺素兴奋剂增加孕母副反应,如胸痛、心悸、呼吸困难、震颤、恶心、呕吐、头痛、高血糖、低钾血症.②钙离子通道拮抗剂: 没有关于钙离子通道拮抗剂与安慰剂比较的系统评价或RCT.1个系统评价发现,钙离子通道抑制剂与其它保胎药(主要是β-肾上腺受体兴奋剂)比较,能显著降低48 h内的早产分娩,减少因孕母副反应退出治疗和新生儿发病率.③硫酸镁:1个系统评价发现,硫酸镁与安慰剂比较,并不能明显降低孕36周前的早产率、围生儿死亡率、呼吸窘迫综合征的发生率.另一个系统评价发现,硫酸镁和其他宫缩抑制剂(β-肾上腺素兴奋剂、钙离子通道拮抗剂、前列腺素合成抑制剂、硝化甘油、酒精和葡萄糖注射剂)比较,并不能明显降低48 h内早产率(尽管结果没有差异).④垂体受体拮抗剂(阿托西班):1个系统评价纳入 2个RCT,对阿托西班和安慰剂治疗早产进行比较有不同的结果.较大样本的RCT发现,阿托西班较安慰剂能延长孕周,但阿托西班增加了孕28周以下的胎儿死亡率.另一个RCT发现,阿托西班增加了48 h内的早产.⑤前列腺素抑制剂(消炎痛):1个系统评价发现,消炎痛与安慰剂比较,能明显降低孕37周前的48 h和7天的早产率的证据有限.然而,同时发现消炎痛与安慰剂或不治疗相比,并不能明显降低围生儿死亡率、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、肺支气管发育不良、坏死性小肠结肠炎、新生儿败血症或低体重儿.但这个系统评价样本太小,尚不能发现有临床意义的差异. (4) 择期或非择期剖宫产对早产妇女治疗效果:1个系统评价结果发现,择期剖宫产较非择期剖宫产会增加孕母的发病率,却不能降低新生儿的发病率和死亡率.但尚不能证明此效果是否对新生儿有临床意义. (5) 改善早产妊娠结局的干预措施:①对早产者采用皮质类固醇:1个系统评价认为,对可能发生早产的妇女使用皮质激素较安慰剂或不处理能明显降低早产儿出生后呼吸窘迫综合征、新生儿死亡率和颅内出血的发生.②促甲状腺激素释放激素在早产中的运用:1个系统评价发现,在早产的高危妇女中,促甲状腺激素释放激素和类固醇激素联合应用与单用皮质类固醇激素比较,对新生儿结局的影响无明显差异,但会明显增加孕母和胎儿的不良反应.③抗生素:1个系统评价发现,抗生素与安慰剂比较,不能延长孕周、降低新生儿死亡率,但可降低孕母感染率. | Bridgette Byrne John Morrison 李蓉 | 2005 | 中国循证医学杂志2005，5，3： | 4 |
| 2 | Dog10K: an international sequencing effort to advance studies of canine domestication, phenotypes and health显示文摘Dogs are the most phenotypically diverse mammalian species, and they possess more known heritable disorders than any other non-human mammal. Efforts to catalog and characterize genetic variation across well-chosen populations of canines are necessary to advance our understanding of their evolutionary history and genetic architecture. To date, no organized effort has been undertaken to sequence the world’s canid populations. The Dog10 K Consortium(http://gffzz8e6b994fb05d4249hxbcncq0o9pop6v0x.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn kgenomes.org) is an international collaboration of researchers from across the globe who will generate 20× whole genomes from 10 000 canids in 5 years.This effort will capture the genetic diversity that underlies the phenotypic and geographical variability of modern canids worldwide. Breeds, village dogs, niche populations and extended pedigrees are currently being sequenced, and de novo assemblies of multiple canids are being constructed. This unprecedented dataset will address the genetic underpinnings of domestication, breed formation, aging, behavior and morphological variation. More generally, this effort will advance our understanding of human and canine health. | Elaine A.Ostrander Guo-Dong Wang Greger Larson Bridgett M.vonHoldt Brian W.Davis Vidhya Jagannathan Christophe Hitte Robert K.Wayne Ya-Ping Zhang the Dog10K Consortium | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，4： | 3 |
| 3 | Clinical forensic imaging and fundamental rights in Austria显示文摘Clinical forensic imaging encompasses the diverse application of imaging procedures that serve the same purpose:to enable the analysis and investigation of criminal activities and consequences of a crime.All kinds of imaging techniques and their corresponding images can be subsumed under“forensigraphy”,a more comprehensive term for forensic imaging created by the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Clinical Forensic Imaging in Graz,Austria.As the word forensigraphy suggests,criminal imaging material should be of use in forensic investigations.Ideally,this can lead to new findings that would not have been revealed without the application of imaging techniques and are moreover admissible as evidence in criminal proceedings.However,the admissibility of evidence can only be facilitated through the implementation of clinical forensic imaging techniques into the forensic routine case work,which requires a precise pre-analysis of the corresponding legal framework.Because taking and displaying internal images of a person’s body touches upon various aspects of one’s physical and psychological integrity,imaging methods in general and clinical forensic imaging methods especially have a strong impact on and interfere regularly with the fundamental rights of the concerned person.Particularly with regard to a possible medical context,certain legal regulations have to be taken into account.Therefore,this paper examines forensic imaging in the field of radiological forensigraphy,specifically its in vivo(i.e.clinical)application.It is designed to enlighten readers as to the great significance of legal barriers that emerge from fundamental rights,as laid down in the European Convention on Human Rights(ECHR),when dealing with clinical forensic imaging.As a result,the legal framework of clinical forensic imaging procedures are comprehensively described,the relevant fundamental rights,especially the right to respect for private and family life,the right to data protection and certain procedural guarantees,are concisely presented to further raise awareness regarding the importance of fundamental rights. | Sophie Kerbacher Michael Pfeifer Bridgette Webb Reingard Riener-Hofer | 2017 | Forensic Sciences Research2017，2，2： | 3 |
| 4 | GD2+ cancer stem cells in triple-negative breast cancer:mechanisms of resistance to breast cancer therapies显示文摘Research has led to the development of tailored treatment options for different cancers in different patients.Despite some treatments being able to provide remarkable responses,nearly all current treatments encounter the same issue:resistance.Here,we discuss our experiences with how breast cancers resist therapies.The focus of our discussion revolves around the cancer stem cell subpopulation and their mechanisms for resistance. | Khoa Nguyen Emily McConnell Orielle Edwards Bridgette M.Collins-Burow Matthew E.Burow | 2022 | Cancer Drug Resistance2022，5，3： | 2 |
| 5 | TheEffect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Customer Dona- tions to Corporate - Supported Nonprofits 显示文摘 | Lichtenstein Donald R Drumwright Minette E Braig Bridgette M | 2004 | Journal of Market- ing2004，，68： | 1 |
| 6 | The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Customer Donations to Corporate- Supported Nonprofits显示文摘 | LICHTENSTEIN D R DRUMWRIGHT M E BRIDGETTE M B | 2004 | Journal of Marketing2004，68，4： | 1 |
| 7 | The epidemiology of osteoarthritis in Asia显示文摘 | Marlene FRANSEN Lisa BRIDGETT Lyn MARCH | 2011 | International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases2011，14，： | 1 |
| 8 | Effects of SDF-1–CXCR4 signaling on microRNA expression and tumorigenesis in estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α)-positive breast cancer cells显示文摘 | Lyndsay V. Rhodes Melyssa R. Bratton Yun Zhu Syreeta L. Tilghman Shannon E. Muir Virgilio A. Salvo Chandra R. Tate Steven Elliott Kenneth P. Nephew Bridgette M. Collins-Burow Matthew E. Burow | 2011 | Experimental Cell Research2011，，18： | 1 |
| 9 | Relationship between self - efficacy and physical activity among patients with type 2 diabetes显示文摘 | Gareth R Bridgette C Jamie L | 2009 | Behavior Med )2009，32，： | 1 |
| 10 | Osteoarthritis显示文摘 | L Busija L Bridgett S Williams | 2010 | Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology2010，26，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Application of biofluid 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabonomic techniques for the analysis of biochemical effects of dietary isoflavones on human plasma profile显示文摘 | Solanky K S Bailey N J C Bridgette M | 2003 | Analytical Biochemistry2003，323，： | 1 |
| 12 | Effects of environmental estrogens on tumor necrosis factor α-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 cells 显示文摘 | Matthew E Yan Tang Bridgette M | 1999 | Carcinogenesis1999，20，11： | 1 |
| 13 | Synergistic activation of estrogen receptor with combinations of environmental chemicals 显示文摘 | Steven F A Diane M K Bridgette M C | 1996 | Science1996，272，7： | 1 |
| 14 | Subcongenic analysis of the Idd13 locus in NOD/Lt mice:evidence for several susceptibility genes including a possible diabetogenic role for beta 2-microglobulin显示文摘 | Serreze DV Bridgett M Chapman HD | 1998 | J Immunol1998，160，3： | 1 |
| 15 | The epidemiology of osteoar- thritis in Asia显示文摘 | Fransen M Bridgett L March L | 2011 | Int J Rheum Dis2011，14，2： | 1 |
| 16 | PI3-K/AKT Regulation of NF-κB Signaling Events in Suppression of TNF-Induced Apoptosis显示文摘 | Matthew E. Burow Christopher B. Weldon Lilia I. Melnik Bich N. Duong Bridgette M. Collins-Burow Barbara S. Beckman John A. McLachlan | 2000 | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications2000，，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Bright and water-soluble near IR-emitting CdSe/CdTe/ZnSe type-Ⅱ/type-Ⅰ nanocrystals,tuning the efficiency and stability by growth显示文摘 | Blackman Bridgette Battaglia David Peng Xiaogang | 2008 | Chem Mater2008，20，15： | 1 |
| 18 | Assessing nurses attitudes toward death and caring for dying patients in a comprehensive cancer centerl显示文摘 | Michelle L Bridgette T Nancy EK | 2008 | Oncology Nursing Forum2008，35，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Proterm Birth显示文摘 | Bridgette B John M | 2003 | Clinical Evidance2003，9，： | 1 |
| 20 | Randomized Controlled Trial of Biofeedback, Sham Feedback, and Standard Therapy for Dyssynergic Defecation显示文摘 | Satish S.C. Rao Kara Seaton Megan Miller Kice Brown Ingrid Nygaard Phyllis Stumbo Bridgette Zimmerman Konrad Schulze | 2007 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2007，，3： | 1 |
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