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| 1 | Autoimmune liver serology:Current diagnostic and clinical challenges显示文摘Liver-related autoantibodies are crucial for the correct diagnosis and classification of autoimmune liver diseas-es(AiLD),namely autoimmune hepatitis types 1 and 2(AIH-1 and 2),primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),and the sclerosing cholangitis variants in adults and children.AIH-1 is specified by anti-nuclear antibody(ANA) and smooth muscle antibody(SMA).AIH-2 is specified by antibody to liver kidney microsomal antigen type-1(anti-LKM1) and anti-liver cytosol type 1(anti-LC1).SMA,ANA and anti-LKM antibodies can be present in de-novo AIH following liver transplantation.PBC is specified by antimitochondrial antibodies(AMA) react-ing with enzymes of the 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase complexes(chiefly pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2 subunit) and disease-specific ANA mainly react-ing with nuclear pore gp210 and nuclear body sp100.Sclerosing cholangitis presents as at least two variants,first the classical primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) mostly affecting adult men wherein the only(and non-specific) reactivity is an atypical perinuclear antineutro-phil cytoplasmic antibody(p-ANCA),also termed peri-nuclear anti-neutrophil nuclear antibodies(p-ANNA) and second the childhood disease called autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis(ASC) with serological features resembling those of type 1 AIH.Liver diagnostic serol-ogy is a fast-expanding area of investigation as new purified and recombinant autoantigens,and automatedtechnologies such as ELISAs and bead assays,become available to complement(or even compete with) tradi-tional immunofluorescence procedures.We survey for the first time global trends in quality assurance impact-ing as it does on(1) manufacturers/purveyors of kits and reagents,(2) diagnostic service laboratories that fulfill clinicians' requirements,and(3) the end-user,the physician providing patient care,who must properly interpret test results in the overall clinical context. | Dimitrios P Bogdanos Diego Vergani Pietro Invernizzi Ian R Mackay | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，21： | 40 |
| 2 | Helicobacter pylori and autoimmune disease:Cause or bystander显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is the main cause of chronic gastritis and a major risk factor for gastric cancer.This pathogen has also been considered a potential trigger of gastric autoimmunity,and in particular of autoimmune gastritis.However,a considerable number of reports have attempted to link H.pylori infection with the development of extra-gastrointestinal autoimmune disorders,affecting organs not immediately relevant to the stomach.This review discusses the current evidence in support or against the role of H.pylori as a potential trigger of autoimmune rheumatic and skin diseases,as well as organ specific autoimmune diseases.We discuss epidemiological,serological,immunological and experimental evidence associating this pathogen with autoimmune diseases.Although over one hundred autoimmune diseases have been investigated in relation to H.pylori,we discuss a select number of papers with a larger literature base,and include Sj grens syndrome,rheumatoid arthritis,systemic lupus erythematosus,vasculitides,autoimmune skin conditions,idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,autoimmune thyroid disease,multiple sclerosis,neuromyelitis optica and autoimmune liver diseases.Specific mention is given to those studies reporting an association of anti-H.pylori antibodies with the presence of autoimmune disease-specific clinical parameters,as well as those failing to find such associations.We also provide helpful hints for future research. | Daniel S Smyk Andreas L Koutsoumpas Maria G Myt-ilinaiou Eirini I Rigopoulou Lazaros I Sakkas Dimitrios P Bogdanos | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，3： | 12 |
| 3 | Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein: A novel non-invasive marker for assessing cirrhosis and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To assess serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein(COMP) as a marker of cirrhosis and risk of progression to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS: A COMP enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay was used to test 187 patients with chronic liver diseases at the time point of first evaluation. The selected patients included 72 with chronic hepatitis B infection, 75 with chronic hepatitis C infection, 22 with primary biliary cirrhosis, 7 with autoimmune hepatitis type 1, and 11 with alcoholic liver disease. Demographic, biochemical, histological and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded at the first evaluation. One hundred and forty-seven patients were followed for a median [interquartile range(IQR)] duration of 96.5(102) mo. The clinical, biochemical and histological data, as well as the development of cirrhosis, HCC according to internationally accepted criteria and in case of death, a liver-related cause during the follow-up period, were recorded at the electronic database of our clinic. COMP determination was also performed in 43 healthy individuals who served as the control study group.RESULTS: COMP positivity(> 15 U/L) was detected in 22%-36% among chronic liver disease groups. Strikingly, almost 83% of COMP-positive patients were cirrhotic at baseline, independently of cause of liver disease. Among the patients who developed HCC during follow-up, 73.7%(14/19) were COMP positive at baseline. COMP positivity was significantly associated with older age(P < 0.001), advanced fibrosis(P = 0.001) and necroinflammatory activity(P = 0.001), higher aspartate aminotransferase(P < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase(P < 0.02), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(P = 0.003), alkaline phosphatase(P = 0.001), bilirubin(P < 0.05), international normalized ratio(P = 0.002) and alpha-fetoprotein levels(P < 0.02), and lower albumin(P < 0.001), and platelet count(P = 0.008). COMP levels [median(IQR)] were significantly higher in cirrhotics compared to non-cirrhotics [13.8(7.9) U/L vs 9.8(4.6) U/L, respectively; P < 0.001]. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, COMP-positivity was independently associated only with cirrhosis(OR = 4.40, 95%CI: 1.33-14.69, P = 0.015). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that COMP positivity was significantly associated with HCC development(P = 0.007) and higher incidence of liver-related death(P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Elevated COMP levels are strongly associated with cirrhosis and HCC progression. Serum COMP is a new promising non-invasive biomarker for HCC risk assessment in surveillance programs. | Gary L Norman Nikolaos K Gatselis Zakera Shums Christos Liaskos Dimitrios P Bogdanos George K Koukoulis George N Dalekos | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，14： | 7 |
| 4 | Infectome: A platform to trace infectious triggers of autoimmunity显示文摘 | Dimitrios P. Bogdanos Daniel S. Smyk Pietro Invernizzi Eirini I. Rigopoulou Miri Blank Shideh Pouria Yehuda Shoenfeld | 2013 | Autoimmunity Reviews2013，，7： | 2 |
| 5 | IgG3抗体与线粒体主要自身抗原决定簇及乳酸杆菌抗原位点的交叉反应是原发胆汁性肝硬化的特征 | Bogdanos D.-P. Baum H. Okamoto M. D. Vergani 徐瑞 | 2005 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(胃肠病学分册)2005，0，11： | 2 |
| 6 | Antibodist against homologous microbial caseinolytic proteases P characterize primary cirrhosis显示文摘 | Bogdanos DP Baum H Sharma UC | 2002 | J Hepatol2002，36，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Autoimmune hepatitis 显示文摘 | VERGANI D LONGHI MS BOGDANOS DP | 2009 | Semin Immunopatho2009，31，： | 1 |
| 8 | Tracing envi-ronmental markers of autoimmunity : introducing the in-fection显示文摘 | Bogdanos DP Smyk DS lnvernizzi P | 2013 | Immunol Res2013，56，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Diagnostic and clinical utility of antibodies against the nuclear body promyelocytic leukaemia and Sp100 antigens in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis显示文摘 | Maria G. Mytilinaiou Wolfgang Meyer Thomas Scheper Eirini I. Rigopoulou Christian Probst Andreas L. Koutsoumpas Daniel Abeles Andrew K. Burroughs Lars Komorowski Diego Vergani Dimitrios P. Bogdanos | 2012 | Clinica Chimica Acta (-)2012，，15： | 1 |
| 10 | Liver immunology显示文摘 | Bogdanos DP Gao B Gers hwin ME | 2013 | Compr Physiol2013，3，2： | 1 |
| 11 | What is new in primary biliary cirrho- sis显示文摘 | Bogdanos DP Gershwin ME | 2012 | Dig Dis2012，30，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Diagnostic value,clinical utility and pathogenic significance of reactivity to the molecular targets of Crohn' s disease specific-pancreatic autoantibodies显示文摘 | Bogdanos DP Rigopoulou EI Smyk DS | 2011 | Autoimmun Rev2011，11，： | 1 |
| 13 | Role for mycobacterial infection in pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis?显示文摘Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) is a progressive cholestatic liver disease characterized by the immunemediated destruction of biliary epithelial cells in small intrahepatic bile ducts.The disease is characterized by circulating antimitochondrial antibodies(AMAs) as well as disease-specific antinuclear antibodies,cholestatic liver function tests,and characteristic histological features,including granulomas.A variety of organisms are involved in granuloma formation,of which mycobacteria are the most commonly associated.This has led to the hypothesis that mycobacteria may be involved in the pathogenesis of PBC,along with other infectious agents.Additionally,AMAs are found in a subgroup of patients with mycobacterial infections,such as leprosy and pulmonary tuberculosis.Antibodies against species-specific mycobacterial proteins have been reported in patients with PBC,but it is not clear whether these antibodies are specific for the disease.In addition,data in support of the involvement of the role of molecular mimicry between mycobacterial and human mitochondrial antigens as triggers of cross-reactive immune responses leading to the loss of immunological tolerance,and the induction of pathological features have been published.Thus,antibodies against mycobacterial heat shock protein appear to cross-recognize AMA-specific autoantigens,but it is not clear whether these autoantibodies are mycobacterium-species-specific,and whether they are pathogenic or incidental.The view that mycobacteria are infectious triggers of PBC is intriguing,but the data provided so far are not conclusive. | Daniel Smyk Eirini I Rigopoulou Yoh Zen Robin Daniel Abeles Charalambos Billinis Albert Pares Dimitrios P Bogdanos | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，35： | 1 |
| 14 | Microbial mimics are major targets of crossreactivity with human pyruvate dehydrogenase in primary biliary cirrhosis显示文摘 | Bogdanos DP Baum H Grasso A | 2004 | J Hepatol2004，40，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Association between the primary biliary cirrhosis specific anti-sp100 antibodies and recurrent urinary tract infection显示文摘 | Bogdanos DP Baum H Butler P | 2003 | Dig Liver Dis2003，35，11： | 1 |
| 16 | Increased Frequency of Bone Marrow T Follicular Helper Cells in Patients with Immune-Related Pancytopenia显示文摘 | Hong Yu Jiangbo Zhang Rong Fu Hui Liu Huaquan Wang Kai Ding Yihao Wang Lijuan Li Honglei Wang Zonghong Shao Dimitrios P. Bogdanos | 2013 | Clinical and Developmental Immunology2013，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Impairment of CD4^+ CD25^+ regulatory T-cells in autoimmune liver disease显示文摘 | Longhi M S Ma Y Bogdanos D P | 2004 | J Hepatol2004，41，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Positive markers in AMA- negative PBC显示文摘 | Vergani D Bogdanos DP | 2003 | Am J Gastroenterol2003，98，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Antimitochondrial antibodies of immunoglobulin G3 subclass are associated with a more severe disease course in primary biliary cirrhosis 显示文摘 | Rigopoulou EI Davies ET Bogdanos DP | 2007 | Liver Int2007，27，9： | 1 |
| 20 | Impairment of CD4^+ CD25^+ regulatory T-cells inautoimmune liver disease 显示文摘 | Longhi MS Ma Y Bogdanos DP | 2004 | J Hepatol2004，41，1： | 1 |
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