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| 1 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 2 | Phylogenomics of non-model ciliates based on transcriptomic analyses显示文摘Ciliates 是最旧的生活真核细胞的单细胞的有机体之一,在水里广泛地分布式在全世界。作为典型海洋的 oligotrich 有睫, Strombidium sulcatum 在海洋的食物网和精力流动起一个重要作用。这里,我们报导第一从 Strombidium sulcatum 的深定序和 RNA-Seq 数据的分析。我们在 de novo 汇编和搬迁 rRNA 以后与 1,451 bp 的 N50 产生了 42,640 unigenes, mitochondrial 和细菌沾染物。我们采用了 SPOCS 从 S 检测 orthologs。sulcatum 和 17 另外的 ciliates,然后用 127 单个拷贝 orthologs 执行了 phylogenomic 重建。在 phylogenomic 分析,并置树在班水平上与词语索引树有类似的拓扑的结构。和种系发生的网络分析,它关于 Protocruzia, Mesodinium 和 Myrionecta 的放置引起了更多的疑问。当 epiplasmic 蛋白质被知道与词法特征有关时,我们发现了在 epiplasmic 蛋白质和词法特征的基因表示之间的潜在的关系。这个工作象在目标基因和词法特征的表示水平之间的关联分析一样为 phylogenomic 分析支持高产量途径的使用。 | Xiao Chen Xiaolu Zhao Xiaohui Liu Alan Warren Fangqing Zhao Miao Miao | 2015 | Protein & Cell2015，6，5： | 4 |
| 3 | 海洋固着缘毛类纤毛虫——聚缩虫两新种(原生动物,纤毛门)显示文摘报道了采自青岛沿海的聚缩虫两新种,倪氏聚缩虫Zoothamnium niisp.nov.和王氏聚缩虫Z.wangisp.nov.。两者分别以下列组合的性状区别于所有已知种:倪氏聚缩虫为双层口围缘、交替式分枝、69~88环的总银线数以及口区小膜3由3条平行等长的动基列组成。王氏聚缩虫为单层口围缘、交替式分枝、108~135环的总银线数以及口区小膜3由两条错位排列的动基列组成。 | 季道德 宋微波 Alan WARREN | 2005 | 动物分类学报2005，30，4： | 3 |
| 4 | Reconsideration of the phylogenetic positions of three stichotrichous genera Holosticha,Anteholosticha and Pseudokeronopsis (Spirotrichea:Ciliophora) inferred from complete SSU rRNA gene sequences显示文摘The small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) gene for six marine stichotrichs, Pseudokeronopsis carnea, P. flava, Holosticha heterofoissneri, H. diademata, H. bradburyae and Anteholosticha manca, was sequenced and characterized. Using this molecular information, the phylogenetic positions of three related genera, Pseudokeronopsis, Holosticha and Anteholosticha were determined. The results indicate that the family Urostylidae is clearly separated from the family Pseudokeronopsidae. The present phylogenetic analyses unambiguously placed Pseudokeronopsis close to Holosticha, and support the conclusion that these genera should be regarded as the members of the order Urostylidae within the stichotrich clade. Furthermore, the results of this study also support the monophyly of the genus Pseud-okeronopsis, the redefinition of Holosticha s. str. and the placement of Anteholosticha in a clade separate from Holosticha. | Lifang Li Weibo Song Mann Kyoon Shin Alan Warren Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid Abdulaziz A. Al-Khedhairy Saud Al-Arifi | 2009 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2009，19，6： | 3 |
| 5 | Tolerance of ciliated protozoan Paramecium bursaria (Protozoa, Ciliophora) to ammonia and nitrites显示文摘The tolerance to ammonia and nitrites in freshwater ciliate Paramecium bursaria was measured in a conventional open system. The ciliate was exposed to different concentrations of ammonia and nitrites for 2h and 12h in order to determine the lethal concentrations. Linear regression analysis revealed that the 2h-LC50 value for ammonia was 95.94 mg/L and for nitrite 27.35 mg/L using probit scale method (with 95% confidence intervals). There was a linear correlation between the mortality probit scale and logarithmic concentration of ammonia which fit by a regression equation y=7.32x–9.51 (R2=0.98; y, mortality probit scale; x, logarithmic concentration of ammonia), by which 2 h–LC50 value for ammonia was found to be 95.50 mg/L. A linear correla- tion between mortality probit scales and logarithmic concentration of nitrite is also followed the regression equa- tion y=2.86x+0.89 (R2=0.95; y, mortality probit scale; x, logarithmic concentration of nitrite). The regression analysis of toxicity curves showed that the linear correlation between exposed time of ammonia-N LC50 value and ammonia-N LC50 value followed the regression equation y=2 862.85e-0.08x (R2=0.95; y, duration of exposure to LC50 value; x, LC50 value), and that between exposed time of nitrite-N LC50 value and nitrite-N LC50 value followed the regression equation y = 127.15e-0.13x (R2=0.91; y, exposed time of LC50 value; x, LC50 value). The results demonstrate that the tolerance to ammonia in P. bursaria is considerably higher than that of the larvae or juveniles of some metozoa, e.g. cultured prawns and oysters. In addition, ciliates, as bacterial predators, are likely to play a positive role in maintaining and improving water quality in aquatic environments with high-level ammonium, such as sewage treatment systems. | 许恒龙 宋微波 路璐 WARREN Alan | 2005 | Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology2005，23，3： | 3 |
| 6 | Phylogenetic positions of two marine ciliates, Metanophrys similis and Pseudocohnilembus hargisi (Protozoa, Ciliophora,Scuticociliatia), inferred from complete small subunit rRNA gene sequences显示文摘The small subunit rRNA (SSrRNA) gene was sequenced for two marine scuticociliates Metanophrys similis and Pseudocohnilembus hargisi. The results show that this gene comprises 1763 and 1753 nucleotides in the two marine ciliates respectively. Metanophrys similis is phylogenetically closely related to the clade containing Mesanophrys carcini and Anophyroides haemophila, which branches basally to other species within the order Philasterida. Pseudocohnilembus hargisi groups with its congener, P. marinus, with strong bootstrap support. Paranophrys magna groups with the clade including Cohnilembus and Uronema, representing a sister clade to that containing the two Pseudocohnilembus species. | SHANG Huimin SONG Weibo Alan WARREN LI Lifang CHEN Zigui | 2006 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2006，16，4： | 2 |
| 7 | 应对全球气候变化:全科医生的临床经验和方法显示文摘背景气候变化是全球公共卫生问题,需要全面深入的思考才能获得行之有效的解决方法。本文从理论上阐述全科医生临床经验和方法对于解决气候变化问题的借鉴意义。讨论我们认为全科医生的经验和特殊思考方式对解决气候变化问题是一笔宝贵的财富。这些财富包括,毕生对'首先不造成伤害'和'处理不确定性'的认知、反思和践行,'面对不完整信息时做出必要决策'的能力,对'复杂自适应系统'的认识,对稳态的维持,对意外后果的警醒,对'跨学科和跨专业'重要性的认识。总结全科医生一直以来都是公共卫生的拥护者。他们对复杂人类问题的处理方式也可用于应对气候变化。 | Grant Blashki Alan Abelsohn Robert Woollard Neil Arya Margot W Parkes Paul Kendal Erica Bell R Warren Bell 邵钧 | 2013 | 中国全科医学2013，16，10： | 2 |
| 8 | From oral structure to molecular evidence:new insights into the evolutionary phylogeny of the ciliate order Sessilida(Protista,Ciliophora),with the establishment of two new families and new contributions to the poorly studied family Vaginicolidae显示文摘Ciliated protists represent one of the most primitive and diverse lineages of eukaryotes,with nuclear dimorphism,a distinctive sexual process(conjugation),and extensive genome rearrangements.Among divergent ciliate lineages,the peritrich order Sessilida includes members with a colonial lifestyle,which may hint to an independent evolutionary attempt for multicellularity,although they are still single-celled organisms.To date,the evolution and phylogeny of this group are still far from clear,in part due to the paucity of molecular and/or morphological data for many taxa.In this study,we extend taxon sampling of a loricate group of sessilids by obtaining 69 new r DNA(SSU r DNA,ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2,and LSU r DNA)sequences from 20 wellcharacterized representative species and analyze the phylogenetic relationships within Sessilida.The main findings are:(i)the genera Rhabdostyla and Campanella each represents a unique taxon at family level,supporting the establishment of two new families,i.e.,Rhabdostylidae n.fam.and Campanellidae n.fam.,respectively,the former being sister to a morphologically heterogeneous clade comprising Astylozoidae and several incertae sedis species and the latter occupying the basal position within the Sessilida clade;(ii)the structure of infundibular polykinety 3 is likely to be a phylogenetically informative character for resolving evolutionary relationships among sessilids;(iii)differences between sparsely and the densely arranged silverline systems could be a suprageneric taxonomic character;(iv)the monophyly of Vaginicolidae is confirmed,which is consistent with its specialized morphology,i.e.,the possession of a typical peritrich lorica which might be an apomorphy for this group;(v)within Vaginicolidae,the monotypic Cothurniopsis sensu Stokes,1893 is a synonym of Cothurnia Ehrenberg,1831,and a new combination is created,i.e.,Cothurnia valvata nov.comb.;(vi)Vaginicola sensu lato comprises at least two distinctly divergent clades,one affiliated with Thuricola and the other with a systematically puzzling clade represented by Vaginicola tincta. | Borong Lu Xiaozhong Hu Alan Warren Weibo Song Ying Yan | 2023 | Science China(Life Sciences)2023，66，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Benthic ciliate and meiofaunal communities in two contrasting habitats of an inter- tidal estuarine wetland显示文摘 | Yongfen Du Kuidong Xu Alan Warren | 2012 | Journal of Sea Research2012，，70： | 1 |
| 10 | Divisional morphogenesis in the marine ciliate Anteholosticha manca (Kahl,1932) Berger,2003 (Ciliophora:Urostylida)显示文摘The cortical development and macronuclear evolution of the marine hypotrichous ciliate Anteholosticha manca, collected from the coastal waters near Qingdao, China, were investigated using the protargol impregnation method.The morphogenesis of A.manca is generally typical for the genus, and can be characterized as the following features: (1) in the proter, a new oral primordium is formed on the bottom (beneath the pellicle) of the buccal cavity, disorganization of the parental undulating membranes do not contribute to the formation of this primordium; (2) FVT-cirral anlagen in both dividers develop independently, and very likely only a few midventral cirri join in the formation of these primordia; (3) both marginal row and dorsal kinety anlagen develop intrakinetally within the parental structure; (4) at the middle stage, macronuclear segments fuse together to form a single mass as observed in most of its related forms. | LI Liqiong HU Xiaozhong WARREN Alan AL- RASHEID Khaled A S AL- FARRAJ Saleh A SHAO Chen SONG Weibo | 2008 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2008，27，2： | 1 |
| 11 | 海洋尾丝虫无性生殖期间口器发生的再研究(英文)显示文摘利用蛋白银技术研究了海洋纤毛虫—海洋尾丝虫无性生殖期间的口器发生过程。结果显示其口器发生与已知的同属种类具相似的过程和形式。其口器发生及演化的基本模式可表示如下 :后仔虫的小膜 1、小膜 2来源于老口侧膜后段的增殖 ;后仔虫的口侧膜及盾片来源于老口侧膜前段的增殖 ;后仔虫的小膜 3来自于老口区盾片的增殖 ;前仔虫的口侧膜及盾片来源于老口侧膜 ,三片小膜在口器发生过程中被保留。 | 马宏伟 宋微波 龚骏 Alan WARREN | 2004 | 动物学报2004，50，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Prospective study of rabbit antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine for aplastic anemia from the EBMT Severe Aplastic Anaemia Working Party显示文摘 | Judith C. Marsh Andrea Bacigalupo Hubert Schrezenmeier Andre Tichelli Antonio M. Risitano Jakob R. Passweg Sally B. Killick Alan J. Warren Theodora Foukaneli Mahmoud Aljurf H. A. Al-Zahrani Philip Schafhausen Alexander Roth Anke Franzke Tim H. Brummendorf | 2012 | Blood2012，，23： | 1 |
| 13 | Does the Gonostomum-patterned oral apparatus in hypotrichia carry a phylogenetic signal?Evidence from morphological and molecular data based on extended taxon sampling using three nuclear genes(Ciliophora,Spirotrichea)显示文摘The classification of hypotrichs based on the gonostomatid oral structure is widely accepted,but the phylogenetic signal of this character is unknown.Here,we infer the species phylogeny of those gonostomatids for which molecular data are available,plus26 new sequences of SSU-rDNA,ITS1-5.8 S-ITS2 and LSU-rDNA genes.The results indicate that:(i)the endoral is more phylogenetically informative than the paroral;(ii)the structure of the endoral and the Gonostomum-pattern adoral zone of membranelles are plesiomorphies for the hypotrichs sensu stricto;(iii)the group of species possessing these features is monophyletic in all our phylogenetic analyses,except that for the SSU-rDNA;(iv)Schmidingerotrichidae is monophyletic in all trees,suggesting that it is a well-defined family;(v)the Gonostomatidae is polyphyletic in the SSU-rDNA and ITS1-5.8 S-ITS2 trees,with Gonostomum,Cladotricha,Cotterillia,Metagonostomum,Paragonostomum and Wallackia distributed among separate clades,but monophyletic in the LSU-rDNA and concatenated trees;(vi)higher hypotrich taxa such as core urostyloids and core sporadotrichids/stichotrichids might have evolved from species that possessed a gonostomatid oral apparatus. | Jingyi Wang Yan Zhao Xiaoteng Lu Zhao Lyu Alan Warren Chen Shao | 2021 | Science China(Life Sciences)2021，64，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Re-evaluation of the phylogenetic position of the genus Dexiotrichides (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Scuticociliatida) inferred from stomatogenetic and molecular information for Dexiotrichides pangi显示文摘The divisional process and systematic position of the marine scuticociliate Dexiotrichides pangi are studied. Based on both stomatogenetic data and 18S rDNA gene sequences, the phylogeny and morphogenetic characteristics of this taxon, and of other related genera, are analyzed and discussed. Both the divisionary events and the molecular biological data indicate that this species/genus, together with certain other genera in the Dexiotricha-complex, occupies an intermediate position between the tetrahymenids and the “typical” scuticociliate, which suggests that the Dexiotricha-like taxa should be excluded from the “true” scuticociliates. As a further contribution, the process of stomatogenesis in D. pangi can be summarized as follows: (1) The oral primordia in the opisthe are formed only by the proliferation of basal bodies in the scutica field, which subsequently develop into three membranelles, while the new paroral membrane seems to be generated by the sub-anterior portion of somatic kinety 1 (the 1st postoral intercalary kinety). The latter character exhibits a mode similar to Tetrahymena. (2) In the proter the parental membranelles are retained and remain unchanged throughout the entire division process; only the old paroral membrane is disassembled and differentiated into the anlage, which then gives rise to the new paroral membrane and the scutica of the proter. The 18S rRNA gene sequence reported here is the first one for a ciliate in the Dexiotricha-complex. | SONG Weibo Alan WARREN David ROBERTS SHANG Huimin MA Hongwei Norbert WILBERT MIAO Miao YI Zhenzhen | 2005 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2005，15，8： | 1 |
| 15 | Older Donor Livers Show Early Severe Histological Activity, Fibrosis, and Graft Failure After Liver Transplantation for Hepatitis C显示文摘 | Stephen C. Rayhill You Min Wu Daniel A. Katz Michael D. Voigt Douglas R. LaBrecque Patricia A. Kirby Frank A. Mitros Roberto S. Kalil Rachel A. Miller Alan H. Stolpen Warren N. Schmidt | 2007 | Transplantation2007，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Bleeding Gastric Varices Obliteration with Balloon-occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration Using Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate Foam显示文摘 | Saher S. Sabri Warren Swee Ulku C. Turba Wael E.A. Saad Auh W. Park Abdullah M. Al-Osaimi Stephen H. Caldwell Alan H. Matsumoto John F. Angle | 2011 | Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology2011，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Redescriptions of three tintinnid ciliates, Tintinnopsis tocantinensis , T. radix , and T. cylindrica (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea), from coastal waters off China显示文摘 | Yong Jiang Jinpeng Yang Saleh A. Al-Farraj Alan Warren Xiaofeng Lin | 2012 | European Journal of Protistology2012，，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Morphological Studies on Four Brackish Water Ciliates of the Class Spirotrichea(Protista, Ciliophora)显示文摘We reinvestigate the morphology of two oligotrich and two hypotrich ciliates collected from the coasts of north and south China, viz., Parallelostrombidium obesum Liu et al., 2015, Spirostrombidium apourceolare Liu et al., 2013, Protogastrostyla pulchra(Pereyaslawzewa, 1886) Gong et al., 2007, and Uncinata bradburyae(Gong et al., 2001) Luo et al., 2015. All the populations match well with the original samples identified in previous studies. Supplemental taxonomic data were supplied for these four species of the new populations. The species Parallelostrombidium obesum is characterised by its dorsal-ventrally flattened body shape with anterior and posterior ends transversely truncating, as well as two thigmotactic membranelles and girdle kinety that spirals around the cell one and a half times. Spirostrombidium apourceolare is characterised by its elongate ellipsoidal and dorsal-ventrally flattened body shape, two thigmotactic membranelles, about 11-27 ovoid macronuclear nodules, and girdle kinety that spirals around the cell twice with two undulations. Protogastrostyla pulchra is characterised by its elongate body shape and unique, caudally located food vacuole. Based on the new populations, we described the smaller cortical granules, clustered around dorsal bristles for the first time. The new population of Uncinata bradburyae shares the diagnostic features with the type population, which include prominent beak-like projection in anterior region, the conspicuous gap of adoral zone, proximalmost adoral membranelles distinctly elongated, and infraciliature. | SONG Yuan LIU Yongqiang PAN Bo LUO Xiaotian SONG Wen WARREN Alan | 2019 | Journal of Ocean University of China2019，18，3： | 1 |
| 19 | A Bioassay for the Cytotoxicity of Gemcitabine Using the Marine Ciliate Euplotes vannus显示文摘This study investigated the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine using the marine ciliate Euplotes vannus as the test organism.The median lethal concentrations(LC50 values)were determined using acute toxicity tests within an exposure time of 30 min with 0,6,12,24,and 48 mg mL^-1 gemcitabine.The median inhibition effect(IC50 value)on the growth of the ciliate cells was examined using chronic toxicity tests within 5 days(120 h)after exposure for 30 min with 0,0.7,3.5,7,and 14 mg mL^-1 gemcitabine.The 30-min LC50value was 10.66-mg mL 1.The LC50 values decreased with increasing exposure times and well fitted to the toxicity curve equation LC50=10.93+28.4e^-0.19t(R2=0.93;P<0.05,t=exposure time).The IC50 value for growth rates was 7.05 mg mL^-1,and the inhibition effect on growth rates well fitted to the model equation r%=0.8681e^-0.0782Cgem(r%means growth rate with inhibition by gemcitabine,Cgem means concentrations of gemcitabine,R^2=0.99 and P<0.05).The LC50 values of a wide range of gemcitabine concentrations could therefore be predicted for any given exposure time.These results suggest that the clinical dose of gemcitabine(20 mg mL^-1)was higher than the 30-min LC50 value,which was almost the same as the 6-min LC50 value(19.88 mg mL^-1)for E.vannus cells.The results also demonstrate that E.vannus can be used as a robust test organism for bioassays of chemotherapeutic drugs during short exposure periods. | WANG Qi XU Henglong WARREN Alan | 2019 | Journal of Ocean University of China2019，18，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Short term rebleeding rates for isolated gastric varices managed by TIPS versus balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO)显示文摘 | Saher S. Sabri Nadine Abi-Jaoudeh Warren Swee Wael E. Saad Ulku C. Turba Stephen H. Caldwell John F. Angle Alan H. Matsumoto | 2013 | Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology2013，，： | 1 |
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