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| 1 | Contribution of oxidative stress to pulmonary arterial hypertension显示文摘Recent data implicate oxidative stress as a mediator of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and of the associated pathological changes to the pulmonary vasculature and right ventricle (RV). Increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS), altered redox state, and elevated oxidant stress have been demonstrated in the lungs and RV of several animal models of PH, including chronic hypoxia, monocrotaline toxicity, caveolin-1 knock-out mouse, and the transgenic Ren2 rat which overexpresses the mouse renin gene. Generation of ROS in these models is derived mostly from the activities of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase. As disease progresses circulating monocytes and bone marrow-derived monocytic progenitor cells are attracted to and accumulate in the pulmonary vasculature. Once established, these inflammatory cells generate ROS and secrete mitogenic and fibrogenic cytokines that induce cell proliferation and fibrosis in the vascular wall resulting in progressive vascular remodeling. Deficiencies in antioxidant enzymes also contribute to pulmonary hypertensive states. Current therapies were developed to improve endothelial function, reduce pulmonary artery pressure, and slow the progression of vascular remodeling in the pulmonary vasculature by targeting deficiencies in either NO (PDE-type 5 inhibition) or PGI 2 (prostacyclin analogs), or excessive synthesis of ET-1 (ET receptor blockers) with the intent to improve patient clinical status and survival. New therapies may slow disease progression to some extent, but long term management has not been achieved and mortality is still high. Although little is known concerning the effects of current pulmonary arterial hypertension treatments on RV structure and function, interest in this area is increasing. Development of therapeutic strategies that simultaneously target pathology in the pulmonary vasculature and RV may be beneficial in reducing mortality associated with RV failure. | Vincent G DeMarco Adam T Whaley-Connell James R Sowers Javad Habibi Kevin C Dellsperger | 2010 | World Journal of Cardiology2010，2，10： | 21 |
| 2 | Retrospective study on mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms from five European centres显示文摘BACKGROUND Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm(MiNEN)is a rare diagnosis,mainly encountered in the gastro-entero-pancreatic tract.There is limited knowledge of its epidemiology,prognosis and biology,and the best management for affected patients is still to be defined.AIM To investigate clinical-pathological characteristics,treatment modalities and survival outcomes of a retrospective cohort of patients with a diagnosis of MiNEN.METHODS Consecutive patients with a histologically proven diagnosis of MiNEN were identified at 5 European centres.Patient data were retrospectively collected from medical records.Pathological samples were reviewed to ascertain compliance with the 2017 World Health Organisation definition of MiNEN.Tumour responses to systemic treatment were assessed according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1.Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to estimate survival outcomes.Associations between clinical-pathological characteristics and survival outcomes were explored using Log-rank test for equality of survivors functions(univariate)and Cox-regression analysis(multivariable).RESULTS Sixty-nine consecutive patients identified;Median age at diagnosis:64 years.Males:63.8%.Localised disease(curable):53.6%.Commonest sites of origin:colon-rectum(43.5%)and oesophagus/oesophagogastric junction(15.9%).The neuroendocrine component was;predominant in 58.6%,poorly differentiated in 86.3%,and large cell in 81.25%,of cases analysed.Most distant metastases analysed(73.4%)were occupied only by a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine component.Ninety-four percent of patients with localised disease underwent curative surgery;53%also received perioperative treatment,most often in line with protocols for adenocarcinomas from the same sites of origin.Chemotherapy was offered to most patients(68.1%)with advanced disease,and followed protocols for pure neuroendocrine carcinomas or adenocarcinomas in equal proportion.In localised cases,median recurrence free survival(RFS);14.0 months(95%CI:9.2-24.4),and median overall survival(OS):28.6 months(95%CI:18.3-41.1).On univariate analysis,receipt of perioperative treatment(vs surgery alone)did not improve RFS(P=0.375),or OS(P=0.240).In advanced cases,median progression free survival(PFS);5.6 months(95%CI:4.4-7.4),and median OS;9.0 months(95%CI:5.2-13.4).On univariate analysis,receipt of palliative active treatment(vs best supportive care)prolonged PFS and OS(both,P<0.001).CONCLUSION MiNEN is most commonly driven by a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine component,and has poor prognosis.Advances in its biological understanding are needed to identify effective treatments and improve patient outcomes. | Melissa Frizziero Xin Wang Bipasha Chakrabarty Alexa Childs Tu V Luong Thomas Walter Mohid S Khan Meleri Morgan Adam Christian Mona Elshafie Tahir Shah Annamaria Minicozzi Wasat Mansoor Tim Meyer Angela Lamarca Richard A Hubner Juan W Valle Mairéad G McNamara | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，39： | 13 |
| 3 | Immune monitoring post liver transplant显示文摘Many of the causes of short and late morbidity following liver transplantation are associated with immunosuppression or immunosuppressive medications. Current care often involves close monitoring of liver biochemistry as well as therapeutic drug levels. However, the postoperative course following liver transplantation can often be associated with significant complications including infection and rejection, suggesting an inadequacy in current immune function monitoring. Many assays have been tested in the research setting to identify possible biomarkers that may be used to predict clinical events such as acute cellular rejection, and therefore allow modification of a patient's immunosuppressive regimen prior to a clinical event. However, these generally require significant laboratory processing and have had difficulty becoming established in common clinical use outside the research setting. One assay, Cylex ImmuK now has been food and drug administration approved but has had variable results. In this review we discuss the assays that have been used to assess monitoring of immune function after liver transplantation and consider possible future directions. | Siddharth Sood Adam G Testro | 2014 | World Journal of Transplantation2014，4，1： | 8 |
| 4 | 应用组织型纤溶酶原激活物行静脉溶栓治疗急性缺血性卒中的时间窗延长——美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会的科学建议显示文摘美国心脏协会卒中委员会发布了关于急性缺血性卒中的现行治疗指南,其中包括应用重组组织型纤溶酶原激活物(rt—PA)行静脉溶栓的建议。尽管该药对改善神经功能预后有一定的疗效,但由于患者通常在发病3h后方能到达医院,往往已经超过了用药的时间窗。因此,大部分缺血性卒中患者未能接受rt—PA治疗。目前研究认为,增加rt—PA治疗例数的最可能方法就是延长治疗时间窗。 | del Zoppo G J Saver J L Jauch E C Adams H P Jr. | 2009 | 中国脑血管病杂志2009，6，8： | 8 |
| 5 | Malnutrition in cirrhosis:More food for thought显示文摘Malnutrition is highly prevalent in liver cirrhosis and its presence carries important prognostic implications.The clinical conditions and pathophysiological mechanisms that cause malnutrition in cirrhosis are multiple and interrelated.Anorexia and liver decompensation symptoms lead to poor dietary intake;metabolic changes characterised by elevated energy expenditure,reduced glycogen storage,an accelerated starvation response and protein catabolism result in muscle and fat wasting;and,malabsorption renders the cirrhotic patient unable to fully absorb or utilise food that has been consumed.Malnutrition is therefore a considerable challenge to manage effectively,particularly as liver disease progresses.A high energy,high protein diet is recognised as standard of care,yet patients struggle to follow this recommendation and there is limited evidence to guide malnutrition interventions in cirrhosis and liver transplantation.In this review,we seek to detail the factors which contribute to poor nutritional status in liver disease,and highlight complexities far greater than“poor appetite”or“reduced oral intake”leading to malnutrition.We also discuss management strategies to optimise nutritional status in this patient group,which target the inter-related mechanisms unique to advanced liver disease.Finally,future research requirements are suggested,to develop effective treatments for one of the most common and debilitating complications afflicting cirrhotic patients. | Brooke Chapman Marie Sinclair Paul J Gow Adam G Testro | 2020 | World Journal of Hepatology2020，12，11： | 8 |
| 6 | 内皮Notch信号的抑制阻碍脂肪酸转运并导致成年心脏的代谢和血管重塑显示文摘营养成分在被肌肉细胞代谢利用之前通过内皮细胞转运。然而,对于内皮运输过程的调节知之甚少。Notch信号传导是发育过程中代谢和血管生成的关键调控因子。在该研究中,Jabs等研究了成年小鼠内皮Notch信号的遗传和药理学调控如何影响内皮脂肪酸转运、心脏血管生成和心脏功能。 | 刘青 叶鹏 Jabs M Rose AJ Lehmann LH Taylor J Moll I Sijmonsma TP Herberich SE Sauer SW Poschet G Federico G Mogler C Weis EM Augustin HG Yan M Gretz N Schmid RM Adams RH Gr9ne HJ Hell R Okun JG Backs J Nawroth PP Herzig S Fischer A | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，3： | 6 |
| 7 | Risk factors and outcomes of delayed graft function in renal transplant recipients receiving a steroid sparing immunosuppression protocol显示文摘AIM To analyse the risk factors and outcomes of delayed graft function(DGF) in patients receiving a steroid sparing protocol. METHODS Four hundred and twenty-seven recipients of deceased donor kidney transplants were studied of which 135(31.6%) experienced DGF. All patients received monoclonal antibody induction with a tacrolimus based, steroid sparing immunosuppression protocol.RESULTS Five year patient survival was 87.2% and 94.9% in the DGF and primary graft function(PGF) group respectively, P = 0.047. Allograft survival was 77.9% and 90.2% in the DGF and PGF group respectively, P < 0.001. Overall rejection free survival was no different between the DGF and PGF groups with a 1 and 5 year rejection free survival in the DGF group of 77.7% and 67.8% compared with 81.3% and 75.3% in the PGF group, P = 0.19. Patients with DGF who received IL2 receptor antibody induction were at significantly higher risk of rejection in the early post-transplant period than the group with DGF who received alemtuzumab induction. On multivariate analysis, risk factors for DGF were male recipients, recipients of black ethnicity, circulatory death donation, preformed DSA, increasing cold ischaemic time, older donor age and dialysis vintage.CONCLUSION Alemtuzumab induction may be of benefit in preventing early rejection episodes associated with DGF. Prospective trials are required to determine optimal immunotherapy protocols for patients at high risk of DGF. | Michelle Willicombe Anna Rizzello Dawn Goodall Vassilios Papalois Adam G Mc Lean David Taube | 2017 | World Journal of Transplantation2017，7，1： | 4 |
| 8 | 骨骼肌诱导型一氧化氮合成酶基因表达和细胞凋亡在心力衰竭进展中的作用显示文摘目的 :探讨慢性充血性心力衰竭 ( CHF)患者骨骼肌中诱导型一氧化氮合成酶 ( i NOS)基因表达与反映 CHF进展指标及细胞凋亡的关系 ,进一步了解可能影响 CHF进展的因素 ,为临床 CHF的治疗提供理论依据。方法 :用反转录多聚酶链式反应 ( RT- PCR)以及脱氧核糖核酸转化酶分析方法分别测定 2 1例 CHF患者 (扩张型心肌病 14例 ,缺血性心肌病 7例 ) ,其中 NYHA分级 级 14例 , 级 7例及 8例健康人骨骼肌标本中 i NOS基因表达和细胞凋亡 ,用心肺功能测定仪对症状限制性最大氧耗 ( VO2 max)进行连续测定。结果 :健康人骨骼肌中无i NOS基因表达及细胞凋亡 ,而 2 1例 CHF患者中有 18例 ( 85 .7% )显示 i NOS表达。 NYHA 级者 i NOS基因表达较健康者有增高趋势 ,但差异无显著性意义 ( P >0 .0 5 ) ,而 NYHA 级者 i NOS基因表达显著高于 NYHA 级 ( P <0 .0 1)。 i NOS基因表达与 VO2 max呈显著负相关 ( r =- 0 .6,P <0 .0 1)。 i NOS基因高表达 ( i NOS/GAPDH率≥ 0 .3 )患者骨骼肌细胞凋亡率高于 i NOS基因中度表达 ( i NOS/ GAPDH率 <0 .3 )患者的骨骼肌细胞凋亡率 ,P <0 .0 1。结论 :i NOS基因表达与 NYHA分级和 VO2 max显著相关 ,i NOS基因表达可反映 CHF疾病进展 ,i NOS在 | 姜红 姜波 李裕舒 Adams V Hambrecht R Schuler G | 2001 | 临床心血管病杂志2001，17，10： | 3 |
| 9 | Impaired swallowing mechanics of post radiation therapy head and neck cancer patients: A retrospective videofluoroscopic study显示文摘AIM: To determine swallowing outcomes and hyolaryngeal mechanics associated with post radiation therapy head and neck cancer(rt HNC) patients using videofluoroscopic swallow studies. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, video-fluoroscopic images of rt HNC patients(n = 21) were compared with age and gender matched controls(n = 21). Penetration-aspiration of the bolus and bolus residue were measured as swallowing outcome variables. Timing and displacement measurements of the anterior and posterior muscular slings elevating the hyolaryngeal complex were acquired. Coordinate data of anatomical landmarks mapping the action of the anterior muscles(suprahyoid muscles) and posterior muscles(long pharyngeal muscles) were used to calculate the distance measurements, and slice numbers were used to calculate time intervals. Canonical variate analysis with post-hoc discriminant function analysis was performed on coordinate data to determine multivariate mechanics of swallowing associated with treatment. Pharyngeal constriction ratio(PCR) was also measured to determine if weak pharyngeal constriction is associated with post radiation therapy.RESULTS: The rt HNC group was characterized by poor swallowing outcomes compared to the control group in regards to: Penetration-aspiration scale(P < 0.0001), normalized residue ratio scale(NRRS) for the valleculae(P = 0.002) and NRRS for the piriform sinuses(P = 0.003). Timing and distance measurements of the anterior muscular sling were not significantly different in the two groups, whereas for the PMS time of displacement was abbreviated(P = 0.002) and distance of excursion was reduced(P = 0.02) in the rt HNC group. A canonical variate analysis shows a significant reduction in pharyngeal mechanics in the rt HNC group(P < 0.0001). The PCR was significantly higher in the test group than the control group(P = 0.0001) indicating reduced efficiency in pharyngeal clearance. CONCLUSION: Using videofluoroscopy, this study shows rt HNC patients have worse swallowing outcomes associated with reduced hyolaryngeal mechanics and pharyngeal constriction compared with controls. | William G Pearson Jr Alisa A Davidoff Zachary M Smith Dorothy E Adams Susan E Langmore | 2016 | World Journal of Radiology2016，8，2： | 2 |
| 10 | Emergence and epidemic occurrence of enterovirus 68 respiratory infections in The Netherlands in 2010显示文摘 | Adam Meijer Sabine van der Sanden Bianca E.P. Snijders Giovanna Jaramillo-Gutierrez Louis Bont Cornelis K. van der Ent Pieter Overduin Shireen L. Jenny Edin Jusic Harrie G.A.M. van der Avoort Gavin J.D. Smith Gé A. Donker Marion P.G. Koopmans | 2011 | Virology2011，，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Therapeutic Strategies in Symptomatic Portal Biliopathy显示文摘 | Eric Vibert Daniel Azoulay Thomas Aloia Gérard Pascal Luc-Antoine Veilhan René Adam Didier Samuel Denis Castaing | 2007 | Annals of Surgery2007，，1： | 2 |
| 12 | Donor-specific cell-free DNA as a biomarker in liver transplantation:A review显示文摘Due to advances in modern medicine,liver transplantation has revolutionised the prognosis of many previously incurable liver diseases.This progress has largely been due to advances in immunosuppressant therapy.However,despite the judicious use of immunosuppression,many liver transplant recipients still experience complications such as rejection,which necessitates diagnosis via invasive liver biopsy.There is a clear need for novel,minimally-invasive tests to optimise immunosuppression and improve patient outcomes.An emerging biomarker in this‘‘precision medicine’‘liver transplantation field is that of donorspecific cell free DNA.In this review,we detail the background and methods of detecting this biomarker,examine its utility in liver transplantation and discuss future research directions that may be most impactful. | Tess McClure Su Kah Goh Daniel Cox Vijayaragavan Muralidharan Alexander Dobrovic Adam G Testro | 2020 | World Journal of Transplantation2020，10，11： | 2 |
| 13 | Principal component analysis of dissolution data with missing elements显示文摘 | Adams E Walczak B Vervaet C Risha P G Massart D L | 1997 | Chemometrics and intelligent aboratory systems1997，，32： | 2 |
| 14 | Unpacking the challenge of gastric varices: A review on indication, timing and modality of therapy显示文摘Upper gastrointestinal bleeding from oesophageal or gastric varices is an important medical condition in patients with portal hypertension.Despite the emergence of a number of novel endoscopic and radiologic therapies for oesophagogastric varices,controversy exists regarding the indication,timing and modality of therapy.The aim of this review is to provide a concise and practical evidence-based overview of these issues. | Karl Vaz Marios Efthymiou Rhys Vaughan Adam G Testro Hin-Boon Lew Leonardo Zorron Cheng Tao Pu Sujievvan Chandran | 2021 | World Journal of Hepatology2021，13，8： | 2 |
| 15 | Rescue Surgery for Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases Downstaged by Chemotherapy: A Model to Predict Long-term Survival显示文摘 | René Adam Valérie Delvart Gérard Pascal Adrian Valeanu Denis Castaing Daniel Azoulay Sylvie Giacchetti Bernard Paule Francis Kunstlinger Odile Ghémard Francis Levi Henri Bismuth | 2004 | Annals of Surgery2004，，4： | 2 |
| 16 | The Ultimate Uplift Capacity of Foundation显示文摘 | Meyerhof G G Adams J I | 1968 | Canadian Geotechnical Journal1968，5，4： | 2 |
| 17 | The N363S and I559N single nucleotide polymorphisms of the h-GR/NR3C1gene in patients with bronchial asthma显示文摘 | Micha? Panek Tadeusz Pietras Adam Antczak Artur Fabijan Marcelina Przem?cka Pawe? Górski Piotr Kuna Janusz Szemraj | 2012 | International Journal of Molecular Medicine2012，，1： | 2 |
| 18 | A novel tunnd structure containing enclathrated hydrogen peroxide:4Na2SO4 · 2H2O2· NaCl显示文摘 | ADAMS JOHN M PRITCHARD ROBIN G THOMAS JOHN M | 1978 | Journal of Chemical Society Chem Conm1978，，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Changes in the epidemiolngic profile of sudden infant death syndrome as rates decline among California infants:1990-1995显示文摘 | Adams E J Chavez G F Steen D | 1998 | Pediatrics1998，102，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Effect of organic acids on aluminum toxicity in subsoils显示文摘 | Hue N V Craddock G R Adams F | 1986 | Soil Science Society of America Journal1986，50，： | 1 |
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