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| 1 | The PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway in ovarian cancer: therapeutic opportunities and challenges显示文摘The phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K) pathway is frequently altered in cancer, including ovarian cancer(OC). Unfortunately, despite a sound biological rationale and encouraging activity in preclinical models, trials of first-generation inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR) in OC have demonstrated negative results. The lack of patient selection as well as resistance to selective m TOR complex-1(m TORC1) inhibitors could explain the disappointing results thus far. Nonetheless, a number of novel agents are being investigated, including dual m TORC1/m TORC2, Akt, and PI3 K inhibitors. Although it is likely that inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway may have little effect in unselected OC patients, certain histological types, such as clear cell or endometrioid OC with frequent phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha(PIK3CA) and/or phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN) alterations, may be particularly suited to this approach. Given the complexity and redundancy of the PI3 K signaling network, PI3 K pathway inhibition may be most useful in combination with either chemotherapy or other targeted therapies, such as MEK inhibitors, anti-angiogenic therapy, and hormonal therapy, in appropriately selected OC patients. Here, we discuss the relevance of the PI3 K pathway in OC and provide an up-to-date review of clinical trials of novel PI3 K inhibitors alone or in combination with cytotoxics and novel therapies in OC. In addition, the challenges of drug resistance and predictive biomarkers are addressed. | Bianca Cheaib Aurélie Auguste Alexandra Leary | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2015，34，1： | 27 |
| 2 | Overview of hepatitis B virus mutations and theirimplications in the management of infection显示文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV)affects approximately two billion people worldwide and more than 240 million people in the world are currently chronic carrier that could develop serious complications in the future,like liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Although an extended HBV immunization program is being carried out since the early‘80s,representing effective preventive measure,leading to a dramatic reduction of HBV hepatitis incidence,globally HBV infection still represents a major public health problem.The HBV virus is a DNA virus belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family.The HBV-DNA is a circular,partial double strand genome.All coding information is on the minus DNA strand and it is organized into four open reading frames.Despite hepatitis B virus is a DNA virus,it has a high mutation rate due to its replicative strategy,that leads to the production of many nonidentical variants at each cycle of replication.In fact,it contains a polymerase without the proofreading activity,and uses an RNA intermediate(pg RNA)during its replication,so error frequencies are comparable to those seen in retroviruses and other RNA viruses rather than in more stable DNA viruses.Due to the low fidelity of the polymerase,the high replication rate and the overlapping reading frames,mutations occur throughout the genome and they have been identified both in the structural and not structural gene.The arise of mutations being to develop of a whole of viral variants called'quasi-species'and the prevalent population,which favors virus replication,was selected by viral fitness,host’s immune pressure and external pressure,i.e.,vaccination or antiviral therapy.Naturally occurring mutations were found both in acute and chronic subjects.In the present review we examine and discuss the most recent available data about HBV genetic variability and its significance. | Patrizia Caligiuri Rita Cerruti Giancarlo Icardi Bianca Bruzzone | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，1： | 25 |
| 3 | Chemokine expression in hepatocellular carcinoma versus colorectal liver metastases显示文摘AIM: To evaluate and compare the expression profiles of CXCL12 (SDF-1), CCL19 (MIP-3β), CCL20 (MIP-3α) and CCL21 (6Ckine, Exodus2) and their receptors on RNA and protein levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) versus colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) and to elucidate their impact on the carcinogenesis and progression of malignant liver diseases. METHODS: Chemokine expression was analyzed by RT-PCR and ELISA in 11 cases of HCC specimens and in 23 cases of CRLM and corresponding adjacent non- tumorous liver tissues, respectively. Expressions of their receptors CXCR4, CCR6 and CCR7 were analyzed by RT- PCR and Western blot analysis in the same cases of HCC and CRLM. RESULTS: Significant up-regulation for CCL20/CCR6 was detected in both cancer types. Moreover, CCL20 demonstrated significant overexpression in CRLM in relation to the HCC tissues. Being significantly up- regulated only in CRLM, CXCR4 displayed an aberrant expression pattern with respect to the HCC tissues. CONCLUSION: Correlation of CXCR4 expression with CRLM suggests CXCR4 as a potential predictive factor for CRLM. High level expression of CCL20 and its receptor CCR6 in HCC and CRLM with marked up- regulation of CCL20 in CRLM in relation to HCC tissues indicates involvement of the CCL20/CCR6 ligand-receptor pair in the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatic malignancies. | Claudia Rubie Vilma Oliveira Frick Mathias Wagner Christina Weber Bianca Kruse Katja Kempf Jochen Knig Bettina Rau Martin Schilling | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，41： | 24 |
| 4 | 水牛活体采卵及体外受精研究显示文摘应用 B型超声波采卵法进行水牛活体采卵 ,4 2头 3~ 17岁良种水牛间隔 3 d采卵 1次 ,连续采卵 2~ 3次 ,共进行96次 ,穿刺卵泡 76 2个 ,回收卵母细胞 5 13枚 ,其中可用卵母细胞 3 0 5枚 ,回收率 6 7.3 %,可用卵占回收卵总数 5 9.5 %,平均每头次获卵母细胞 5 .3 4± 4 .2 5枚 ,其中可用卵母细胞 3 .18± 2 .89枚。采集的可用卵母细胞以 MC和 SOF2种系统培养 ,受精分裂率和囊胚率分别为 4 5 .2 %、3 0 .6 %和 70 .8%、18.8%。用 8枚胚胎移植受体母牛 8头 ,妊娠 2头 ,产下了世界第 1例由沼泽型水牛孕育生产的河流型水牛。 | 黄右军 GiorgioA. Presicce Bianca Gasparrini 杨炳壮 梁贤威 张秀芳 陈明棠 李忠权 黄芬香 | 2004 | 中国畜牧兽医2004，31，11： | 22 |
| 5 | Hepatitis C virus in the new era:Perspectives in epidemiology,prevention,diagnostics and predictors of response to therapy显示文摘Despite the great successes achieved in the fields of virology and diagnostics,several difficulties affect improvements in hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection control and eradication in the new era.New HCV infections still occur,especially in some of the poorest regions of the world,where HCV is endemic and long-term sequelae have a growing economic and health burden.An HCV vaccine is still no available,despite years of researches and discoveries about the natural history of infection and host-virus interactions:several HCV vaccine candidates have been developed in the last years,targeting different HCV antigens or using alternative delivery systems,but viral variability and adaption ability constitute major challenges for vaccine development.Many new antiviral drugs for HCV therapy are in preclinical or early clinical development,but different limitations affect treatment validity.Treatment predictors are important tools,as they provide some guidance for the management of therapy in patients with chronic HCV infection:in particular,the role of host genomics in HCV infection outcomes in the new era of direct-acting antivirals may evolve for new therapeutic targets,representing a chance for modulated and personalized treatment management,when also very potent therapies will be available.In the present review we discuss the most recent data about HCV epidemiology,the new perspectives for the prevention of HCV infection and the most recent evidence regarding HCV diagnosis,therapy and predictors of response to it. | Filippo Ansaldi Andrea Orsi Laura Sticchi Bianca Bruzzone Giancarlo Icardi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，29： | 16 |
| 6 | Implication of the intestinal microbiome in complications of cirrhosis显示文摘The intestinal microbiome(IM) is altered in patients with cirrhosis,and emerging literature suggests that this impacts on the development of complications.The Pub Med database was searched from January 2000 to May 2015 for studies and review articles on the composition,pathophysiologic effects and therapeutic modulation of the IM in cirrhosis.The following combination of relevant text words and MeS H terms were used,namely intestinal microbiome,microbiota,or dysbiosis,and cirrhosis,encephalopathy,spontaneous bacterial peritonitis,hepatorenal syndrome,variceal bleeding,hepatopulmonary syndrome,portopulmonary hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma.The search results were evaluated for pertinence to the subject of IM and cirrhosis,as well as for quality of study design.The IM in cirrhosis is characterized by a decreased proportion of Bacteroides and Lactobacilli,and an increased proportion of Enterobacteriaceae compared to healthy controls.Except for alcoholic cirrhosis,the composition of the IM in cirrhosis is not affected by the etiology of the liver disease.The percentage of Enterobacteriaceae increases with worsening liver disease severity and decompensation and is associated with bacteremia,spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatic encephalopathy.Lactulose,rifaximin and Lactobacillus-containing probiotics have been shown to partial y reverse the cirrhosis associated enteric dysbiosis,in conjunction with improvement in encephalopathy.The IM is altered in cirrhosis,and this may contribute to the development of complications associated with end-stage liver disease.Therapies such as lactulose,rifaximin and probiotics may,at least partially,reverse the cirrhosisassociated changes in the IM.This,in turn,may prevent or alleviate the severity of complications. | Mamatha Bhat Bianca M Arendt Venkat Bhat Eberhard L Renner Atul Humar Johane P Allard | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，27： | 13 |
| 7 | Biliary complications after liver transplantation:current perspectives and future strategies显示文摘Importance:Liver transplantation(LT)is a life-saving therapy for patients with end-stage liver disease and with acute liver failure,and it is associated with excellent outcomes and survival rates at 1 and 5 years.The incidence of biliary complications(BCs)after LT is reported to range from 5%to 20%,most of them occurring in the first three months,although they can occur also several years after transplantation.Objective:The aim of this review is to summarize the available evidences on pathophysiology,risk factors,diagnosis and therapeutic management of BCs after LT.Evidence Review:a literature review was performed of papers on this topic focusing on risk factors,classifications,diagnosis and treatment Findings:Principal risk factors include surgical techniques and donor’s characteristics for biliary leakage and anastomotic biliary strictures and vascular alterations for non-anastomotic biliary strictures.MRCP is the gold standard both for intra-and extrahepatic BCs,while invasive cholangiography should be restricted for therapeutic uses or when MRCP is equivocal.About treatment,endoscopic techniques are the first line of treatment with success rates of 70-100%.The combined success rate of ERCP and PTBD overcome 90%of cases.Biliary leaks often resolve spontaneously,or with the positioning of a stent in ERCP for major bile leaks Conclusions and Relevance:BCs influence morbidity and mortality after LT,therefore further evidences are needed to identify novel possible risk factors,to understand if an immunological status that could lead to their development exists and to compare the effectiveness of innovative surgical and machine perfusion techniques. | Bianca Magro Matteo Tacelli Alessandra Mazzola Filomena Conti Ciro Celsa | 2021 | Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition2021，10，1： | 12 |
| 8 | 发达国家纵向整合临床实习模式的发展及其对我国医学教育的启示显示文摘临床实习是医学生将理论知识转化为临床能力和深入临床环境学习的重要途径。纵向整合临床实习模式目前是一种创新性的临床教学方法和理念,它将连续性作为教学原则,很好地解决了原有临床实习中缺乏医疗连续性、课程连续性和教学指导连续性的问题,越来越多的医学院应用此种模式进行临床教学改革。本文对该实习模式的核心内涵、意义和哈佛剑桥模式及其发展与衍变进行阐述,并结合中国医学教育的实际需求进行分析,认为纵向整合临床实习模式可以提高我国临床医生培养质量,促进基层医疗人才队伍建设,增强住院医师规范化培训效果,有助于我国医学教育改革发展。 | 李鸿鹤 David A Hirsh Tara A Singh Yamini Saravanan Rachel Hathaway Bianca Shagrin Elizabeth Gaufberg Arundhati Ghosh 刘君 李扬龄 闻德亮 | 2020 | 中华医学教育杂志2020，40，9： | 10 |
| 9 | 南昌市高中生健康危险行为及其聚集共发现象研究显示文摘目的了解高中生健康危险行为情况,研究其聚集特征,为青少年健康危险行为综合性干预措施提供科学依据。方法采取多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取南昌市884名高中生进行问卷调查。结果884名高中生中肢体暴力检出率9.95%;吸烟检出率7.35%;饮酒检出率26.92%;过早性行为检出率4.86%。不同性别(χ^2=16.025,P=0.003)、不同学校类型(χ^2=85.736,P<0.001)南昌市高中生单一及多种健康危险行为共存情况存在统计学差异。884高中生中23.53%存在两种健康危险行为,19.12%存在3种健康危险行为,16.74%存在5种及以上健康危险行为。结论及早发现青少年的健康危险行为并予以纠正,是有效防止其进一步发展、蔓延和加重最为有效的重要措施之一。关注其共发的重点人群,高效干预健康危险行为的发生。 | 文小桐 陈飞宇 李旭阳 徐雯艳 林毅翔 贾至慧 Sergio Trejo Jr Shawn Thomas Bianca Irimia 党宇松 杨维 袁兆康 | 2019 | 现代预防医学2019，46，13： | 9 |
| 10 | The role of Epstein-Barr virus in multiple sclerosis:from molecular pathophysiology to in vivo imaging显示文摘Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neuronal damage. Environmental and genetic factors are associated with the risk of developing MS, but the exact cause still remains unidentified. Epstein-Barr virus(EBV), vitamin D, and smoking are among the most well-established environmental risk factors in MS. Infectious mononucleosis, which is caused by delayed primary EBV infection, increases the risk of developing MS. EBV may also contribute to MS pathogenesis indirectly by activating silent human endogenous retrovirus-W. The emerging B-cell depleting therapies, particularly anti-CD20 agents such as rituximab, ocrelizumab, as well as the fully human ofatumumab, have shown promising clinical and magnetic resonance imaging benefit. One potential effect of these therapies is the depletion of memory B-cells, the primary reservoir site where EBV latency occurs. In addition, EBV potentially interacts with both genetic and other environmental factors to increase susceptibility and disease severity of MS. This review examines the role of EBV in MS pathophysiology and summarizes the recent clinical and radiological findings, with a focus on B-cells and in vivo imaging. Addressing the potential link between EBV and MS allows the better understanding of MS pathogenesis and helps to identify additional disease biomarkers that may be responsive to B-cell depleting intervention. | Yi Guan Dejan Jakimovski Murali Ramanathan Bianca Weinstock-Guttman Robert Zivadinov | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，3： | 8 |
| 11 | Targeting Wnt signaling at the neuroimmune interface for dopaminergic neuroprotectionJrepair in Parkinson's disease显示文摘 | Francesca L'Episcopo Cataldo Tirolo Salvo Caniglia Nuccio Testa Maria Concetta Moral~ Maria Francesca Serapide: Stefano Pluchino Bianca Marchetti | 2014 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2014，8，1： | 8 |
| 12 | Amylopectin structure and crystallinity explains variation in digestion kinetics of starches across botanic sources in an in vitro pig model显示文摘Background: Starch is the main source of energy in commonly used pig diets.Besides effects related to the extent of starch digestion,also several effects related to variation in digestion rate have recently been demonstrated in non-ruminants.Different rates of starch digestion in animals and in in vitro models have been reported,depending on the botanic origin of starch.Starches from different botanic sources differ widely in structural and molecular properties.Predicting the effect of starch properties on in vitro digestion kinetics based on existing literature is hampered by incomplete characterization of the starches,or by a selective choice of starches from a limited number of botanic sources.This research aimed to analyse the relationships between starch properties and in vitro digestion kinetics of pure starches isolated from a broad range of botanic origins,which are used in non-ruminant diets or have a potential to be used in the future.Therefore we studied starch digestion kinetics of potato,pea,corn,rice,barley,and wheat starches,and analysed the granule diameter,number of pores,type and amount of crystalline structure,amylose content and amylopectin side-chain length of all starches.Results: Multivariate analysis revealed strong correlations among starch properties,leading us to conclude that effects of most starch characteristics are strongly interrelated.Across all analysed botanic sources,crystalline type and amylopectin chain length showed the strongest correlation with in vitro digestion kinetics.Increased percentages of A–type crystalline structure and amylopectin side chains of DP 6–24 both increased the rate of digestion.In addition,within,but not across,(clusters of) botanic sources,a decrease in amylose content and increase in number of pores correlated positively with digestion kinetics.Conclusion: The type of crystalline structure and amylopectin chain length distribution of starch correlate significantly with digestion kinetics of starches across botanic sources in an in vitro pig model.Variation in digestion kinetics across botanic sources is not additively explained by other starch properties measured,but appears to be confined within botanical sources. | Bianca M.J.Martens Walter J.J.Gerrits Erik M.A.M.Bruininx Henk A.Schols | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，1： | 6 |
| 13 | Doege-Potter syndrome by malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the liver: A case report and review of literature显示文摘BACKGROUND Solitary fibrous tumor of the liver (SFTL) is a rare occurrence with a low number of cases reported in literature. SFTL is usually benign but, 10%-20% cases are reported to be malignant with a tendency to metastasize. The majority of malignant SFTL cases are associated with a paraneoplastic hypoglycaemia defined as Doege-Potter syndrome. Surgery is the best therapeutic treatment, however, long- life follow-up is recommended. CASE SUMMARY A 74-year-old man, was admitted to the emergency department after a syncopal episode with detection of hypoglycaemia resistant to medical treatment. The computed tomography revealed a solid mass measuring 15 cm of the left liver. An open left hepatectomy was performed with complete resection of tumor. Histopathological analyses confirmed a malignant SFTL. CONCLUSION Large series with long-term follow-up have not been published neither have clinical trials been undertaken. Consequently, the methodical long-term followup of surgically treated SFTLs is strongly recommended. | Delvecchio Antonella Duda Loren Conticchio Maria Fiore Felicia Lafranceschina Stefano Riccelli Umberto Cristofano Antonella Pascazio Bianca Colagrande Anna Resta Leonardo Memeo Riccardo | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2019，11，8： | 5 |
| 14 | Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms in colorectal cancer patients显示文摘AIM To investigate the associations of the genetic polymor-phisms of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGF-A)-1498C>T and-634G>C, with the survival of patients with colorectal cancer(CRC). METHODS A prospective cohort consisting of 131 Brazilians patients consecutively operated on with a curative intention as a result of sporadic colorectal carcinoma was studied. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and its amplification and allelic discrimination for each genetic polymorphism was performed using the technique of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in real-time. The real-time PCR technique was used to identify the VEGF-A-1498C>T(rs833031) and-634G>C(rs2010963) polymorphisms. Genotyping was validated for VEGF-A-1498C>T polymorphism in 129 patients and for VEGF-A-634G>C polymorphism in 118 patients. The analysis of association between categorical variables was performed using logistic regression, survival by Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate analysis by the Cox regression method. RESULTS In the univariate analysis there was a significant association(OR = 0.32; P = 0.048) between genotype CC of the VEGF-A-1498C>T polymorphism and the presence of CRC liver metastasis. There was no association between VEGF-A-1498C>T polymorphism and VEGF-A-634G>C polymorphism with further clinical or anatomopathologic variables. The genotype CC of the VEGF-A-1498C>T polymorphism was significantly correlated with the 5-year survival(P = 0.032), but not significant difference(P = 0.27) was obtained with the VEGF-A-634G>C polymorphism with the 5-year survival in the univariate analysis. The genotype CT(HR = 2.79) and CC(HR = 4.67) of the polymorphism VEGF-A-1498C>T and the genotype CC(HR = 3.76) of the polymorphism VEGF-A-634C>G acted as an independent prognostic factor for the risk of death in CRC patients. CONCLUSION The CT and CC genotypes of the VEGF-A-1498C>T and the CC genotype of the VEGF-A-634C>G polymorphisms are prognostic factors of survival in Brazilians patients with sporadic colorectal carcinoma. | Gilmar Ferreira do Espírito Santo Bianca Borsatto Galera Elisabeth Carmen Duarte Elisabeth Suchi Chen Lenuce Azis Amilcar Sabino Damazo Gabriela Tognini Saba Flávia de Sousa Gehrke Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro da Silva Jaques Waisberg | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2017，9，2： | 4 |
| 15 | Intravenous vs intraperitoneal mesenchymal stem cells administration:What is the best route for treating experimental colitis?显示文摘AIM:To investigate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)transplanted intraperitoneally andintravenously in a murine model of colitis.METHODS:MSCs were isolated from C57BL/6 mouse adipose tissue.MSC cultures were analyzed according to morphology,cellular differentiation potential,and surface molecular markers.Experimental acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by oral administration of2%dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)in drinking water ad libitum from days 0 to 7.Colitis mice were treated with1×106 MSCs via intraperitoneal or intravenous injection on days 2 and 5.The disease activity index was determined daily based on the following parameters:weight loss,stool consistency and presence of blood in the feces and anus.To compare morphological and functional differences in tissue regeneration between different MSC injection modalities,mice were euthanized on day 8,and their colons were examined for length,weight,and histopathological changes.Inflammatory responses were determined by measuring the levels of different serum cytokines using a CBA Th1/Th2/Th17 kit.Apoptotic rates were evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UDPbiotin nick end labeling assay.RESULTS:Intravenous infusion of MSCs was more effective than intraperitoneal treatment(P<0.001)in reducing the clinical and histopathologic severity of colitis,which includes weight loss,diarrhea and inflammation.An histological evaluation demonstrated decreased colonic inflammation based on reduced crypt loss and reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells.This therapeutic effect was most likely mediated by the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines[interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)];and by the up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines(IL-10 and IL-4).Intravenous transplantation alsoinduced high levels of IFN that lead to activation of the immunosuppressive activity of the MSCs,which did not occur with intraperitoneal transplantation(P=0.006).An increase in apoptotic T cells was observed after intravenous,but not intraperitoneal,MSC infusion,suggesting that MSCs can induce apoptosis in resistant T cells in colonic inflammation(P=0.027).CONCLUSION:Our results demonstrate that intravenous treatment is a superior method for reducing colon inflammation compared with intraperitoneal therapy. | Fabiany da Costa Goncalves Natália Schneider Fernanda Otesbelgue Pinto Fabíola Schons Meyer Fernanda Visioli Bianca Pfaffenseller Patrícia Luciana da Costa Lopez Eduardo Pandolfi Passos Elizabeth Obino Cirne-Lima Luíse Meurer Ana Helena Paz | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，48： | 4 |
| 16 | Spotlights on immunological effects of reactive nitrogen species: When inflammation says nitric oxide显示文摘Over the last decades, nitric oxide(NO) has been definitively recognised as one of the key players involved in immunity and inflammation. NO generation was originally described in activated macrophages, which still represent the prototype of NO-producing cells. Notwithstanding, additional cell subsets belonging to both innate and adaptive immunity have been documented to sustain NO propagation by means of the enzymatic activity of different nitric oxide synthase isoforms. Furthermore, due to its chemical characteristics, NO could rapidly react with other free radicals to generate different reactive nitrogen species(RNS), which have been intriguingly associated with many pathological conditions. Nonetheless, the plethora of NO/RNS-mediated effects still remains extremely puzzling. The aim of this manuscript is to dig into the broad literature on the topic to provide intriguing insights on NO-mediated circuits within immune system. We analysed NO and RNS immunological clues arising from their biochemical properties, immunomodulatory activities and finally dealing with their impact on different pathological scenarios with far prompting intriguing perspectives for their pharmacological targeting. | Andrea Predonzani Bianca Calì Andrielly HR Agnellini Barbara Molon | 2015 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2015，5，2： | 3 |
| 17 | Restoration of HCV-specific CD8+ T-cell function by Interferon-free therapy显示文摘 | Bianca Martin Nadine Hennecke Volker Lohmann Antonin Kayser Christoph Neumann-Haefelin George Kukolj Wulf-Otto B?cher Robert Thimme | 2014 | Journal of Hepatology2014，，： | 3 |
| 18 | Adipose-derived stem cells:Pathophysiologic implications vs therapeutic potential in systemic sclerosis显示文摘Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)residing in the stromal vascular fraction(SVF)of white adipose tissue are recently emerging as an alternative tool for stem cell-based therapy in systemic sclerosis(SSc),a complex connective tissue disorder affecting the skin and internal organs with fibrotic and vascular lesions.Several preclinical and clinical studies have reported promising therapeutic effects of fat grafting and autologous SVF/ADSC-based local treatment for facial and hand cutaneous manifestations of SSc patients.However,currently available data indicate that ADSCs may represent a double-edged sword in SSc,as they may exhibit a pro-fibrotic and anti-adipogenic phenotype,possibly behaving as an additional pathogenic source of pro-fibrotic myofibroblasts through the adipocyte-to-myofibroblast transition process.Thus,in the perspective of a larger employ of SSc-ADSCs for further therapeutic applications,it is important to definitely unravel whether these cells present a comparable phenotype and similar immunosuppressive,anti-inflammatory,anti-fibrotic and pro-angiogenic properties in respect to healthy ADSCs.In light of the dual role that ADSCs seem to play in SSc,this review will provide a summary of the most recent insights into the preclinical and clinical studies employing SVF and ADSCs for the treatment of the disease and,at the same time,will focus on the main findings highlighting the possible involvement of these stem cells in SSc-related fibrosis pathogenesis. | Irene Rosa Eloisa Romano Bianca Saveria Fioretto Marco Matucci-Cerinic Mirko Manetti | 2021 | World Journal of Stem Cells2021，13，1： | 3 |
| 19 | Rheumatoid arthritis: Nuclear medicine state-of-the-art imaging显示文摘Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is an autoimmune disease,which is associated with systemic and chronic inflammation of the joints,resulting in synovitis and pannus formation.For several decades,the assessment of RA has been limited to conventional radiography,assisting in the diagnosis and monitoring of disease.Nevertheless,conventional radiography has poor sensitivity in the detection of the inflammatory process that happens in the initial stages of RA.In the past years,new drugs that significantly decrease the progression of RA have allowed a more efficient treatment.Nuclear Medicine provides functional assessment of physiological processes and therefore has significant potential for timely diagnosis and adequate follow-up of RA.Several single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)and positron emission tomography(PET)radiopharmaceuti-cals have been developed and applied in this field.The use of hybrid imaging,which permits computed tomography(CT)and nuclear medicine data to be acquired and fused,has increased even more the diagnostic accuracy of Nuclear Medicine by providing anatomical localization in SPECT/CT and PET/CT studies.More recently,fusion of PET with magnetic resonance imaging(PET/MRI)was introduced in some centers and demonstrated great potential.In this article,we will review studies that have been published using Nuclear Medicine for RA and examine key topics in the area. | Paulo Henrique Rosado-de-Castro Sergio Augusto Lopes de Souza Dangelo Alexandre Lea Mirian Barbosa da Fonseca Bianca Gutfilen | 2014 | World Journal of Orthopedics2014，5，3： | 3 |
| 20 | Dual Targeting of a Mitochondrial Protein: The Case Study of Cytochrome C1显示文摘由于 endosymbiotic 基因转移,线粒体和叶绿体的蛋白质的多数被编码为原子核并且作为为运输带 N 终端运输肽进各自的目标细胞器的先锋分子在 cytosol 综合了。在大多数例子,运输发生进线粒体或叶绿体,尽管进两个细胞器的双指向的一些例子被描述了。这里,我们由三不同试验性的策略的联合出现另外土豆的细胞色素 c1,呼吸电子运输链的一个部件,线粒体被进口进不仅,而且进质体。在有孤立的线粒体和叶绿体,它在单个、混合的细胞器试金被分析的 organello 进口实验,证明在二个 endosymbiotic 细胞器以内在进口以后积累的处理产品在尺寸是不同的。细胞色素 c1 的双指向在 vivo 也被观察,在叶的 biolistic 转变以后有合适的记者构造的表皮的房间。最后,西方的分析采用细胞色素 c1 特定的抗血清提供蛋白质在豌豆和菠菜的线粒体和叶绿体在重要数量积累的证据。我们双指向现象的关联上的调查结果的可能的后果被讨论。 | Anja Rodiger Bianca Baudisch Uwe Langner Ralf Bernd Klosgen | 2011 | Molecular Plant2011，4，4： | 3 |
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