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| 1 | Influence of Atmospheric Particulate Matter on Ozone in Nanjing,China:Observational Study and Mechanistic Analysis显示文摘Particulate matter with diameters of 2.5 μm or smaller(PM_(2.5)) and ozone(O_3) are major pollutants in the urban atmosphere. PM_(2.5) can affect O_3 by altering the photolysis rate and heterogeneous reactions. However, these two processes and their relative importance remain uncertain. In this paper, with Nanjing in China as the target city, we investigate the characteristics and mechanism of interactions between particles and O_3 based on ground observations and numerical modeling.In 2008, the average concentrations of PM_(2.5) and O_3 at Caochangmen station are 64.6 ± 47.4 μg m^(-3) and 24.6 ± 22.8 ppb,respectively, while at Pukou station they are 94.1 ± 63.4 μg m^(-3) and 16.9 ± 14.9 ppb. The correlation coefficient between PM_(2.5) and O_3 is -0.46. In order to understand the reaction between PM_(2.5) and O_3, we construct a box model, in which an aerosol optical property model, ultraviolet radiation model, gas phase chemistry model, and heterogeneous chemistry model,are coupled. The model is employed to investigate the relative contribution of the aforementioned two processes, which vary under different particle concentrations, scattering capability and VOCs/NOxratios(VOCs: volatile organic compounds;NOx: nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide). Generally, photolysis rate effect can cause a greater O_3 reduction when the particle concentrations are higher, while heterogeneous reactions dominate O_3 reduction with low-level particle concentrations.Moreover, in typical VOC-sensitive regions, O_3 can even be increased by heterogeneous reactions. In Nanjing, both processes lead to O_3 reduction, and photolysis rate effect is dominant. Our study underscores the importance of photolysis rate effect and heterogeneous reactions for O_3, and such interaction processes should be fully considered in future atmospheric chemistry modeling. | Yawei QU Tijian WANG Yanfeng CAI Shekou WANG Pulong CHEN Shu LI Mengmeng LI Cheng YUAN Jing WANG Shaocai XU | 2018 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2018，35，11： | 33 |
| 2 | Improved performance and air stability of perovskite solar cells based on low-cost organic hole-transporting material X60 by incorporating its dicationic salt显示文摘The development of an efficient, stable, and low-cost hole-transporting material (HTM) is of great significance for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) from future commercialization point of view. Herein, we specifically synthesize a dicationic salt of X60 termed X60(TFSI)2, and adopt it as an effective and stable 'doping' agent to replace the previously used lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) for the low-cost organic HTM X60 in PSCs. The incorporation of this dicationic salt significantly increases the hole conductivity of X60 by two orders of magnitude from 10-6 to 10-4 S cm-1. The dramatic enhancement of the conductivity leads to an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.0% measured at 1 sun illumination (100 mW cm-2, AM 1.5 G), which is comparable to that of the device doped with LiTFSI (19.3%) under an identical condition. More strikingly, by replacing LiTFSI, the PSC devices incorporating X60(TFSI)2 also show an excellent long-term durability under ambient atmosphere for 30 days, mainly due to the hydrophobic nature of the X60(TFSI)2 doped HTM layer,which can effectively prevent the moisture destroying the perovskite layer. The present work paves the way for the development of highly efficient, stable, and low-cost HTM for potential commercialization of PSCs. | Jishuang Qu Xiaoqing Jiang Ze Yu Jianbo Lai Yawei Zhao Maowei Hu Xichuan Yang Licheng Sun | 2018 | Science China Chemistry2018，61，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Study on the assimilation of the sulphate reaction rates based on WRF-Chem/DART显示文摘Sulphate(SO_(4)^(2-))is a main component of PM_(2.5)in China.The chemical formation mechanisms of sulphate are complex,and many air quality models have been used to analyse these mechanisms.To improve the accuracy of Weather Research Forecast-Chemistry(WRF-Chem)on sulphate,an alternative method is proposed in this paper.Moreover,data assimilation is performed to adjust the chemical reaction rates of sulphate.Based on the original reactions,a new sulphate parameterisation scheme,which includes two hypothetical reactions and six undetermined parameters,was added.Based on the WRF-Chem/DART(Data Assistance Research Testbed)system,the near-ground concentrations of SO_(4)^(2-),SO_(2),NO_(2),O_(3)and particulate matter are assimilated to adjust the six parameters.After adjusting the parameters,the new scheme can effectively solve the underestimation of SO_(4)^(2-)and overestimation of SO_(2).The simulation of SO_(4)^(2-)improved as the mean bias changed from-13.1μg m^(-3)to 3.5μg m^(-3)while SO_(2)improved from 17.0μg m^(-3)to 6.3μg m^(-3).The temporal and spatial variation characteristics predicted by the new scheme are consistent with the theoretical research results,indicating that the complex mechanism of sulphate formation could be replaced by the temporal and spatial variation characteristics predicted by the new scheme and that the parameters can be adjusted by data assimilation.Furthermore,the reaction rates of the SO_(4)^(2-)parameterisation scheme of the WRF-Chem model are improved in this study,and a new method for improving the accuracy of the air quality model is provided. | Congwu HUANG Chaoqun MA Tijian WANG Yawei QU Mengmeng LI Shu LI Bingliang ZHUANG Min XIE | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，10： | 0 |
| 4 | An Overview of High-efficiency Synchronous Reluctance Machines显示文摘In recent years the synchronous reluctance machines(SynRMs)have received much attention.They have some good features such as high torque density,high reliability and low cost.This paper aims to give an overview of SynRMs with particular emphasis on the history,research status and industrial application.Besides,concept and basic operating principles of such machines are also described.Moreover,some hot spots of the research on the SynRMs are introduced.Several methods to improve the average torque and reduce torque ripple of the SynRMs in the past literatures are presented including topology design and control strategies.An overview of the methods from different aspects to realize high efficiency for the SynRMs is given which contain rotor optimization,winding configuration,material improvement,control schemes and so on.Some approaches suitable for high speed application are also introduced.It can be seen that the SynRMs have broad development prospects and great potential in industrial application. | Xuan Li Yawei Wang Yuhang Cheng Dawei Li Ronghai Qu | 2023 | CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems2023，7，1： | 0 |
| 5 | Overexpression of rice F-box phloem protein gene OsPP12-A13 confers salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis显示文摘Salinity is a serious challenge for agriculture production by limiting the arable land.Rice is a major staple food crop but very sensitive to salt stress.In this study,we used Arabidopsis for the functional characterization of a rice F-box gene LOC_Os04g48270(OsPP12-A13)under salinity stress.OsPP12-A13 is a nuclear-localized protein that is strongly upregulated under salinity stress in rice and showed the highest expression in the stem,followed by roots and leaves.Two types of transgenic lines for OsPP12-A13 were generated,including constitutive tissue over-expression using the CaMV35S promoter and phloem specific over-expression using the pSUC2 promoter.Both types of transgenic plants showed salinity tolerance at the seedling stage through higher germination percentage and longer root length,as compared to control plants under salt stress in MS medium.Both the transgenic plants also exhibited salt tolerance at the reproductive stage through higher survival rate,plant dry biomass,and seed yield per plant as compared to control plants.Determination of Na+concentration in leaves,stem and roots of salt-stressed transgenic plants showed that Na^(+) concentration was less in leaf and stem as compared to roots.The opposite was observed in wild type stressed plants,suggesting that OsPP12-A13 may be involved in Na+transport from root to leaf.Transgenic plants also displayed less ROS levels and higher activities of peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase along with upregulation of their corresponding genes as compared to control plants which further indicated a role of OsPP12-A13 in maintaining ROS homeostasis under salt stress.Further,the non-significant difference between the transgenic lines obtained from the two vectors highlighted that OsPP12-A13 principally works in the phloem.Taken together,this study showed that OsPP12-A13 improves salt tolerance in rice,possibly by affecting Na^(+) transport and ROS homeostasis. | CHUNKUN FAN YONGPENG ZHANG CHUNBAO YANG YAWEI TANG JI QU BU JIE DEJI QUZHEN LIYUN GAO | 2021 | BIOCELL2021，45，4： | 0 |
| 6 | PHB介导的HIRA复合物调控人胚胎干细胞的表观--代谢环路显示文摘文章简介染色质地貌和细胞代谢对细胞命运决定有着重要的作用,但人们对它们之间的相互作用却了解甚少。课题组运用基因组范围的si RNA筛选,发现PHB对于维持人胚胎干细胞的自我更新具有重要的作用。 | Huanhuan Li Ping Lai Jinping Jia Yawei Song Qing Xia Kaimeng Huang Na He Wangfang Ping Jiayu Chen Zhongzhou Yang Jiao Li Mingze Yao Xiaotao Dong Jicheng Zhao Chunhui Hou Miguel A.Esteban Shaorong Gao Duanqing Pei Andrew P.Hutchins 姚红杰 Zhexin Zhu Chunliang Li Yanwu Zeng Jianyi Ding Zepeng Qu Junjie Gu Laixiang Ge Fan Tang Xin Huang Chenlin Zhou Ping Wang Deyou Zheng 金颖 | 2018 | 科学新闻2018，0，4： | 0 |
| 7 | Declines in Blood Lead Levels Among General Population-China,2000–2018显示文摘What is already known about this topic?Environmental and occupational lead exposure has generally declined in the past two decades.However,there is no large-scale monitoring of blood lead levels(BLLs)in the Chinese general population.What is added by this report?This nationally representative study showed declines of BLLs in all ages of participants;for children aged 3–5 years,down from 78.1μg/L to 16.9μg/L,corresponding to 78.4%decrease in the past two decades(2000–2018).What are the implications for public health practice?Recommendations for elevated BLLs on screening children at high risk now need to be revisited and updated from 100μg/L to 50μg/L in guidelines to conform with the substantial declines in China. | Yuebin Lyu Jing Chen Zheng Li Liang Ding Feng Zhao Yingli Qu Xulin Zheng Zheng Zhang Xiaojian Hu Saisai Ji Yifu Lu Yawei Li Yuanduo Zhu Yanwei Yang Yidan Qiu Haocan Song Wenli Zhang Bing Wu Jiayi Cai Miao Zhang Fangyu Li Ying Zhu Zhaojin Cao John Ji Xiaoyuan Yao Yuxin Zheng Xiaoming Shi | 2022 | China CDC weekly2022，4，50： | 0 |
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