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| 1 | SPIRIT 2013声明:定义临床研究方案的标准条目显示文摘临床研究方案是临床研究设计、实行、报告和评价的基础。然而,临床研究方案及现存的临床研究方案指引在内容和质量上差异很大。本文描述了《规范临床研究方案内容》(Standard Protocol Items:Recommendations for Interventional Trials 2013 ),简称SPIRIT2013声明,一个临床研究方案必须报告的条目指引的系统建立和范围。 | An-Wen Chan Jennifer M.Tetzlaff Douglas G.Altman Andreas Laupacis Peter C.GΦtzsche Karmela Krleza-Jeri AsbjΦrn Hróbjartsson Howard Mann Kay Dickersin Jesse A.Berlin Caroline J.Doré Wendy R.Parulekar William S.M.Summerskill Trish Groves Kenneth F.Schulz Harold C.Sox Frank W.Rockhold Drummond Rennie David Moher 钟丽丹 郑颂华 吴泰相 李幼平 商洪才 张伯礼 唐旭东 吕爱平 卞兆祥 | 2013 | 中国循证医学杂志2013，13，12： | 23 |
| 2 | Design of 16S rRNA gene primers for 454 pyrosequencing of the human foregut microbiome显示文摘AIM:To design and validate broad-range 16S rRNA primers for use in high throughput sequencing to classify bacteria isolated from the human foregut microbiome.METHODS:A foregut microbiome dataset was constructed using 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from oral,esophageal,and gastric microbiomes produced by Sanger sequencing in previous studies represented by 219 bacterial species.Candidate primers evaluated were from the European rRNA database.To assess the effect of sequence length on accuracy of classification,16S rRNA genes of various lengths were created by trimming the full length sequences.Sequences spanning various hypervariable regions were selected to simulate the amplicons that would be obtained using possible primer pairs.The sequences were compared with full length 16S rRNA genes for accuracy in taxonomic classification using online software at the Ribosomal Database Project (RDP).The universality of the primer set was evaluated using the RDP 16S rRNA database which is comprised of 433 306 16S rRNA genes,represented by 36 phyla.RESULTS:Truncation to 100 nucleotides(nt)downstream from the position corresponding to base 28 in the Escherichia coli 16S rRNA gene caused misclassification of 87(39.7%)of the 219 sequences,compared with misclassification of only 29(13.2%)sequences with truncation to 350 nt.Among 350-nt sequence reads within various regions of the 16S rRNA gene,the reverse read of an amplicon generated using the 343F/798R primers had the least(8.2%)effect on classification.In comparison,truncation to 900 nt mimicking single pass Sanger reads misclassified 5.0%of the 219 sequences.The 343F/798R amplicon accurately assigned 91.8%of the 219 sequences at the species level.Weighted by abundance of the species in the esophageal dataset,the 343F/798R amplicon yielded similar classification accuracy without a significant loss in species coverage(92%).Modification of the 343F/798R primers to 347F/803R increased their universality among foregut species.Assuming that a typicalpolymerase chain reaction can tolerate 2 mismatches between a primer and a template,the modified 347F and 803R primers should be able to anneal 98%and 99.6%of all 16S rRNA genes in the RDP database.CONCLUSION:347F/803R is the most suitable pair of primers for classification of foregut 16S rRNA genes but also possess universality suitable for analyses of other complex microbiomes. | Carlos W Nossa William E Oberdorf Jφrn A Aas Bruce J Paster Todd Z DeSantis Eoin L Brodie Daniel Malamud Michael A Poles Zhiheng Pei | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，33： | 16 |
| 3 | Early Mucosal Healing With Infliximab Is Associated With Improved Long-term Clinical Outcomes in Ulcerative Colitis显示文摘 | Jean Frédéric Colombel Paul Rutgeerts Walter Reinisch Dirk Esser Yanxin Wang Yinghua Lang Colleen W. Marano Richard Strauss Bj?rn J. Oddens Brian G. Feagan Stephen B. Hanauer Gary R. Lichtenstein Daniel Present Bruce E. Sands William J. Sandborn | 2011 | Gastroenterology2011，，4： | 3 |
| 4 | Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase: why two isoforms? 显示文摘 | Williams Cs Dubois RN | 1996 | Am J Physiol1996，270，31： | 1 |
| 5 | Aspirin use and potential mechanisms for colorectal cancer prevention显示文摘 | Williams CS Smalley W DuBois RN | 1997 | J Clin Invest1997，100，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Inhibition of matrix metallopmteinase activity and growth of gastric adenocarcinoma cells by an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in in vitro and murine models显示文摘 | Williams RN Parsons SL Morris TM | 2005 | Eur J Surg Oncol2005，31，9： | 1 |
| 7 | Percutaneous heart valve replacement for aortic stenosis : state of the ev- idence显示文摘 | Coeytaux RR Williams JW Gray RN | 2010 | Ann Intern Med2010，153，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Aspirin use and potential mechanisms for colorectal cancer prevention显示文摘 | Smalley W DuBois RN | 1997 | J Clin Invest1997，100，： | 1 |
| 9 | Modelingchanges in intervertebral disc mechanics with degeneration显示文摘 | Natarajan RN Williams JR Andersson GB | 2006 | J Bone Joint Surg Am2006，88，2： | 1 |
| 10 | The meaning of place: attachments to Femundsmarka National Park, Norway, among tourists and locals显示文摘 | Bj?rn P. Kaltenborn Daniel R. Williams | 2002 | Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography2002，，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Ascorbic acid inhibits the activit yofpolymorphonuclear leukocytes in inflamed ocular tissues显示文摘 | Williams RN Paterson CA | 1984 | Exp EyeRes1984，39，： | 1 |
| 12 | Reproducibility of nerve fiber layer thickness measurements by use of optical coherence tomography显示文摘 | Blumenthal EZ Williams JM Weinreb RN | 2000 | Ophthalmology2000，107，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase: Why two isoforms 显示文摘 | Williams CS DuBois RN | 1996 | ? Am J Physiol1996，270，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Recent advances in analytical modeling of lumbar disc degeneration显示文摘 | Natarajan RN Williams JR Andersson GBJ | 2004 | Spine2004，29，23： | 1 |
| 15 | The neuropsychological significance of lateral preference for complex visual activities in children with learning disabilities 显示文摘 | Batchelon ES Williams RN Hill SK | 1997 | Int J Neurosci1997，89，34： | 1 |
| 16 | 显示文摘 | Williams CS DuBois RN | 1996 | Am J Physiol1996，270，31： | 1 |
| 17 | Prostaglandin endoperoxide syn- thase:why two isoforms? 显示文摘 | Williams CS Dubois RN | 1996 | Am J physiol1996，270，31： | 1 |
| 18 | The role of cycloxygenases in inflammation,cancer and development 显示文摘 | Williams CS Mann M DuBois RN | 1999 | Oncogene1999，18，55： | 1 |
| 19 | Early postoperative je- junostomy feeding with an immune modulating diet in patients un- dergoing resectional surgery for upper gastrointestinal cancer: a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study显示文摘 | Lobo DN Williams RN Welch NT | 2006 | Clin Nutr2006，25，5： | 1 |
| 20 | A line drawn along theradial shaft misses the capitellum in 16% of radiographs of normalelbows显示文摘 | Ramirez RN Ryan DD Williams J | 2014 | J Pediatr Orthop2014，34，8： | 1 |
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