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| 1 | 中国:推进高效、包容可持续的城镇化显示文摘中国城镇化有力支持了经济的高速增长和快速转型,成功避免了大规模的城市贫困、失业和贫民窟,但压力也开始显现。中国领导人高度关注这些挑战,倡导新型城镇化的道路模式,以适应新的发展目标。新型城镇化模式需要政府重新定位,实现更高质量的增长。本报告提出构建新型城镇化模式的六大优先领域:一是改革土地管理制度;二是改革户籍制度,实现基本公共服务均等化,促进具备技能的劳动者自由流动;三是将城市融资建立在更可持续的基础之上,同时建立有效约束地方政府的财政纪律;四是改革城市规划和设计;五是应对环境压力;六是改善地方政府治理。本报告提出的政策议程是全面的,需要确定优先序。最为迫切的问题是土地方面的议程;其次,政府需要关注各种形式的地方政府性债务;最后,在全面铺开以市场为基础的城乡土地转化之前,需要开展更多试点。其他改革也应尽快提出落实改革议程的全面规划并建立监测督促机制。 | 国务院发展研究中心和世界银行联合课题组 李伟 Sri Mulyani Indrawati 刘世锦 韩俊 Klaus Rohland Bert Hofman 侯永志 Mara Warwick Chorching Goh 何宇鹏 刘培林 卓贤 | 2014 | 管理世界2014，30，4： | 166 |
| 2 | 海岸带湿地自由生活海洋线虫的生态功能研究进展显示文摘线虫是一种丝线状的小型多细胞动物,生存于多种环境.其中约有25%线虫栖息在海洋中,在海洋沉积物中的数量一般为1×10^6-12×10^6 inds m^-2,通常以泥质河口和盐沼区域密度最高.盐沼湿地中大量被固定的碳通常以碎屑通道形式进入生态系统,在此过程中海洋线虫通过摄食及生物扰动作用扮演重要角色.盐沼植被的生长对海岸带沉积环境产生重要影响,进而改变海洋线虫的分布模式.在微食物网中,海洋线虫通过与细菌/碎屑耦合,刺激细菌生长,进而加速营养物质的再矿化;海洋线虫是较高营养阶元的食物来源,也是微型和大型底栖动物的重要联接.此外,海洋线虫作为潜在的环境指示种,在生物监测领域被广泛应用.我国海岸带湿地跨越不同的气候带,但是该区域中有关海洋线虫现有资料非常匮乏.为了刻画海洋线虫在海岸湿地的区域生态功能,有必要深化海洋线虫的生物生态学基础研究,定量刻画海洋线虫在物质循环和能量流动的贡献.其中,生物多样性的估算是生态系统动力机制研究的核心内容.除室内和野外受控实验研究外,应通过构建数学模型来预测生态系统对环境扰动的响应.为了提高数据获取的效率,方法学的改进也应给予重视. | 杜永芬 高抒 WARWICK R M 华尔 | 2014 | 科学通报2014，59，31： | 13 |
| 3 | Prospective randomized controlled trial evaluating cap-assisted colonoscopy vs standard colonoscopy显示文摘AIM: To study the significance of cap-fitted colonoscopy in improving cecal intubation time and polyp detection rate. METHODS: This study was a prospective randomized controlled trial conducted from March 2008 to February 2009 in a tertiary referral hospital at Sydney. The primary end point was cecal intubation time and the secondary endpoint was polyp detection rate. Consecutive cases of total colonoscopy over a 1-year period were recruited. Randomization into either standard colonoscopy (SC) or cap-assisted colonoscopy (CAC) was performed after consent was obtained. For cases randomized to CAC, one of the three sizes of cap was used: D-201-15004 (with a diameter of 15.3 mm), D-201-14304 (14.6 mm) and D-201-12704 (13.0 mm). All of these caps were produced by Olympus Medical Systems, Japan. Independent predictors for faster cecal time and better polyp detection rate were also determined from this study. RESULTS: There were 200 cases in each group. There was no signif icant difference in terms of demographic characteristics between the two groups. CAC, when compared to the SC group, had no signif icant difference in terms of cecal intubation rate (96.0% vs 97.0%, P = 0.40) and time (9.94 ± 7.05 min vs 10.34 ± 6.82 min, P = 0.21), or polyp detection rate (32.8% vs 31.3%, P = 0.75). On the subgroup analysis, there was no significant difference in terms of cecal intubation time by trainees (88.1% vs 84.8%, P = 0.40), ileal intubation rate (82.5% vs 79.0%, P = 0.38) or total colonoscopy time (23.24 ± 13.95 min vs 22.56 ± 9.94 min, P = 0.88). On multivariate analysis, the independent determinants of faster cecal time were consultant-performed procedures (P < 0.001), male patients (P < 0.001), non-usage of hyoscine (P < 0.001) and better bowel preparation (P = 0.01). The determinants of better polyp detection rate were older age (P < 0.001), no history of previous abdominal surgery (P = 0.04), patients not having esophagogastroduodenoscopy in the same setting (P = 0.003), trainee-performed procedures (P = 0.01), usage of hyoscine (P = 0.01) and procedures performed for polyp follow-up (P = 0.01). The limitations of the study were that it was a single-center experience, no blinding was possible, and there were a large number of endoscopists. CONCLUSION: CAC did not signif icantly different from SC in term of cecal intubation time and polyp detection rate. | Hoi-Poh Tee Crispin Corte Hamdan Al-Ghamdi Emilia Prakoso John Darke Raman Chettiar Wassim Rahman Scott Davison Sean P Griffin Warwick S Selby Arthur J Kaffes | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，31： | 10 |
| 4 | Posttraumatic incarceration of medial collateral ligament into knee joint with anterior cruciate ligament injury显示文摘Medial collateral ligament of the knee is an important coronal stabiliser and often injured in isolation or as combination of injuries. The article reports a case of incarcerated medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury in combination with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in 20 year old male who presented to us 4 weeks after injury. Clinical examination and MRI was correlated to complete ACL tear with torn distal MCL and incarceration into the joint. Patient was taken up for ACL hamstring graft reconstruction with mini-arthrotomy and repair of the torn MCL. Patient was followed up with dedicated rehabilitation protocol with good functional results. At one year follow-up, patient exhibited full range of motion with negative Lachman, Pivot shift and valgus stress tests. This article highlights the rare pattern of MCL tear and also reviews the literature on this pattern of injury. | Sunil Gurpur Kini Karel du Pre Warwick Bruce | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2015，18，6： | 7 |
| 5 | Long-term effects of mowing on plasticity and allometry of Leymus chinensis in a temperate semi-arid grassland,China显示文摘Mowing is an important land management practice for natural semi-arid regions.A growing body of empirical evidence shows that different mowing regimes affect the functioning of grassland ecosystems.However,the responses of plant functional traits to long-term mowing and their allometric scaling under long-term mowing are poorly understood.For a better understanding of the effects of mowing on grassland ecosystems,we analyzed the allometric traits of leaves and stems of Leymus chinensis(Trin.) Tzvel.,a dominant grass species in eastern Eurasian temperate grassland,at different mowing intensities(no clipping,clipping once every two years,once a year and twice a year).Experiments were conducted on plots established over a decade ago in a typical steppe of Xilinhot,Inner Mongolia,China.Results showed that most of the functional traits of L.chinensis decreased with the increased mowing intensity.The responses of leaves and stems to long-term mowing were asymmetric,in which leaf traits were more stable than stem traits.Also significant allometric relationships were found among most of the plant functional traits under the four mowing treatments.Sensitive traits of L.chinensis(e.g.leaf length and stem length) were primary indicators associated with aboveground biomass decline under high mowing intensity.In conclusion,the allometric growth of different functional traits of L.chinensis varies with different long-term mowing practices,which is likely to be a strategy used by the plant to adapt to the mowing disturbances. | LI Xiliang HOU Xiangyang REN Weibo Taogetao BAOYIN LIU Zhiying Warwick BADGERY LI Yaqiong WU Xinhong XU Huimin | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，6： | 7 |
| 6 | 气候变化对水生生物区系,生态系统结构和功能的影响显示文摘气候变化将引起水生生物地球化学过程(包括碳动力变化)、水生食物网结构、动态和生物多样性以及初级和次级生产力的显著变化,影响水生哺乳动物和水禽的分布范围、分布型、栖息地质量和数量。未来永久冻土融化的增加将使营养物、沉积物和水生系统的碳负荷增加,对淡水的化学成分产生正负作用。营养物和碳富集将促进营养物循环和生产力提高,改变含碳痕量气体的形成和消耗。因此,作为碳汇或源的水生生态系统的状态将发生改变。气候变化对北极大部分地区淡水生态系统的生物多样性也具有显著影响,影响和响应的大小、程度和持续时间将随系统和位点而异。对水生哺乳动物和水禽的影响包括迁徙路径和时间改变,由于疾病和寄生虫感染而可能使死亡率升高、生长和生产力下降,以及或许发生栖息地适合性和可获得时间变化。 | Frederick J.Wrona Terry D.Prowse James D.Reist John E.Hobbie Lucie M.J.Lévesque Warwick F.Vincent 梁虹 | 2006 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2006，35，7： | 6 |
| 7 | Global Energy and Environmental Impacts of an Expanding China显示文摘China accounts for 10 percent of global energy use and will continue to rely on coal for generating approximately 75 percent of its energy over coming decades. The environmental problems associated with coal burning are a concern for China as well as regionally and globally. The present paper summarizes China’s energy structure and likely future energy requirements, while exploring the impact of energy use on air quality, black carbon emission, sulphur dioxide (SO2) emissions, and carbon dioxide emissions. Although China has begun to take action on local environmental problems from energy, there is still much to be done. In particular, the problem of black carbon and carbon dioxide emissions needs to be addressed. The present paper proposes addressing carbon dioxide emissions through a longer-term strategy that acknowledges the need for China to continue to grow without a short-term carbon constraint but with clear pricing of the short-term and long-term cost of carbon dioxide. | Warwick J.McKibbin | 2006 | China & World Economy2006，14，4： | 6 |
| 8 | 气候变化对北极淡水生态系统的水文生态学影响显示文摘北极淡水-陆地系统变暖的速度通常大于全球平均速度,特别是在秋季和冬季。许多低温层组分的减少或消失,以及从多雪到多雨气候类型的转变将对淡水生态系统产生多种影响,其中最显著的是春汛优势地位的下降和河冰融解强度的变化。无冰期的延长、气温和水温的升高、高蒸腾植物的增加,以及永久冻土融化引起的渗透性增加将使植物蒸腾作用或土壤水分蒸发蒸腾损失总量增加,从而造成地表水位和面积下降。冰盖和永久冻土的减少、水温升高和植被类型变化对水化学的影响通常是使激流和静水群落生产力增加。冰盖和淡水流量或水位的变化导致北极圈动物栖息地可获得性和质量的某些方面的变化。 | Terry D.Prowse Frederick J.Wrona James D.Reist John J.Gibson John E.Hobbie Lucie M.J.Lévesque Warwick F.Vincent 梁虹 | 2006 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2006，35，7： | 4 |
| 9 | Ultrabroadband and sensitive cavity optomechanical magnetometry显示文摘Magnetostrictive optomechanical cavities provide a new optical readout approach to room-temperature magnetometry.Here we report ultrasensitive and ultrahigh bandwidth cavity optomechanical magnetometers constructed by embedding a grain of the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D within a high quality(Q)optical microcavity on a silicon chip.By engineering their physical structure,we achieve a peak sensitivity of26 p T∕Hz1/2 p comparable to the best cryogenic microscale magnetometers,along with a 3 d B bandwidth as high as 11.3 MHz.Two classes of magnetic response are observed,which we postulate arise from the crystallinity of the Terfenol-D.This allows single crystalline and polycrystalline grains to be distinguished at the level of a single particle.Our results may enable applications such as lab-on-chip nuclear magnetic spectroscopy and magnetic navigation. | Bei-Bei Li George Brawley Hamish Greenall Stefan Forstner Eoin Sheridan Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop Warwick P.Bowen | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，7： | 4 |
| 10 | 中国入世对国际经济影响的量化分析显示文摘中国工业品出口引起的竞争加剧会不会导致东南亚国家非工业化 ,使它们回到作为初级产品出口国的地位 ?或者 ,制造业产业链中是否存在东南亚国家可以专业化的有利空间 ?通过G Cubed亚太模型的模拟表明 ,中国大量劳动力全面进入国际劳动分工只有在满足以下两个条件的情况下才会导致东南亚国家的非工业化 :流向东南亚国家的国外直接投资大量地转向中国 ,并且东南亚国家放任FDI流入的下降从而降低由此带来的技术扩散。如果东南亚国家能够通过其它方式很快吸收国外新技术及提高本土技术创新能力阻止技术下降 ,那么它们就能在国际制造业产业链中找到有利空间。本文的政策含义是 :东南亚国家要通过向它们的科学家和管理者加速扩散新知识以及为那些下岗工人提供合适的再培训 ,从而将人力资本的深化与广化作为首要考虑的目标。 | Warwick J. Mckibbin 胡永泰 | 2004 | 经济研究2004，39，4： | 3 |
| 11 | 腐植酸对高岭土吸附四价铀的影响显示文摘在土壤中,对放射性废物处理的安全性评估,要求评价放射性核素的迁移。pH值从4到8,腐植酸浓度从15mg/kg到200mg/kg条件下,腐植酸对高岭土吸附四价铀的影响试验表明,没有腐植酸的情况下,20%~40%的四价铀存在于溶液中;pH值越高,吸附作用越强。在腐植酸的存在下,随着腐植酸浓度和pH值的升高,四价铀的溶解度随之增大,四价铀在腐植酸中的可溶性最高可达90%。腐植酸吸附和四价铀的吸附是对立的,通过测量腐植酸的吸附,可以比较腐植酸吸附四价铀的能力高低。但是,随着pH值的上升,这种吸附作用的影响减弱。敏感性分析表明,在这些系统中,腐植酸表面吸附是线性可加模型模拟这些体系的控制。 | Nick Evans Peter Warwick Tara Lewis Nick Bryan 王曰鑫 戚新革 | 2011 | 腐植酸2011，，1： | 3 |
| 12 | 气候变化对北极淡水生态系统及渔业的影响:北极气候影响评估(ACIA)的背景,基本原理及做法显示文摘北极的气候变化和紫外辐射水平的变化将具有深远的影响,会影响各营养级的水生物种、构成其生境的物理和化学环境以及作用于淡水生态系统和其内部的过程。诸如温度和降水之类的气候变量与淡水生态系统的相互作用高度复杂并能够以难以预测的方式在生态系统中蔓延。这部分是由于对北极淡水生态系统及其与气候和其他环境变量的相互关系缺乏了解,同时也由于北极地区缺乏长期的淡水监测点和综合的水文—生态学研究计划。本专刊中的文章是25名国际专家和他们各自的网络关于北极淡水水文学和相关的水生生态系统进行的分析的摘要,该摘要最初在2005年作为北极气候影响评估(ACIA)的'第8章——淡水生态系统和渔业'发表。这些文章广泛地概述了北极各种淡水系统的一般水文学和生态学特征,包括对每一个ACIA地区的描述,后面回顾了全新世期间淡水系统的历史变化。接着是气候变化对大尺度水文生态学、水生生物和生态系统结构和功能,以及北极鱼类和渔业影响的评估。还讨论了潜在的增效效应和累积效应以及紫外辐射和污染物的作用。文章利用环北极地区的案例研究结果说明了许多影响的性质和复杂性,以及重要的临界响应(即:那些产生分阶段影响和/或非线性影响的响应)。本期最后总结了关键的发现,并列举了科学认识方面的空白,以及与政策有关的建议。 | Frederick J.Wrona Terry D.Prowse James D.Reist John E.Hobbie Lucie M.J.Lévesque Warwick F.Vincent 林宝法 | 2006 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2006，35，7： | 3 |
| 13 | Bioassay for estimating the biogenic methane-generating potential of coal samples显示文摘 | Elizabeth J.P. Jones Mary A. Voytek Peter D. Warwick Margo D. Corum Alexander Cohn Joseph E. Bunnell Arthur C. Clark William H. Orem | 2008 | International Journal of Coal Geology2008，，1： | 2 |
| 14 | Improved Technique for the Routine Determination of Tritiated Water in Aqueous Samples显示文摘 | Warwick P E Croudace I W Howard A G | 1999 | Anal Chim Acta1999，382，： | 2 |
| 15 | 欧洲启动“清洁天空”2计划显示文摘虽然欧洲没有像美国航空航天局(NASA)那样的组织机构来统领航空航天研究,但是在“清洁天空”计划下,欧盟各国携手开展了一系列研究,旨在推动能够满足未来环保要求的航空技术的成熟度。 | Graham Warwick 徐德康 | 2014 | 国际航空2014，0，8： | 2 |
| 16 | A new method for detecting pollution effects on marine macrobenthic communities显示文摘 | R. M. Warwick | 1986 | Marine Biology1986，，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Inflammatory bowel disease and pregnancy: Lack of knowledge is associated with negative views显示文摘 | Christian P. Selinger Jayne Eaden Warwick Selby D. Brian Jones Peter Katelaris Grace Chapman Charles McDondald John McLaughlin Rupert W.L. Leong Simon Lal | 2012 | Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis2012，，： | 2 |
| 18 | 与气候变化相关的北极淡水生态系统的一般特征显示文摘在北极附近存在的两大类淡水生态系统,即:激流(流水;如:河流、溪流、三角洲及河口)和死水(静水;如湖泊、池塘及湿地)生态系统,它们在大小、丰度及生物群方面存在着巨大的差异。北极的气候,其许多的组分沿纬度梯度呈现出强烈的变化,直接影响这些水生系统中的各种物理、化学及生物学过程。此外,北极气候通过控制陆地水文系统和过程,特别是那些与诸如永久冻土、淡水冰和雪聚积/融化等低温层组分有关的,而产生其它间接的生态影响。北极淡水系统的生态结构和功能也受外部过程和条件的控制,特别是在主要北极河流源头和毗邻海洋环境中的那些。物理、化学及生物组分穿过互连的死水和激流淡水生态系统的运动是北极淡水生态的主要决定因素。 | Terry D.Prowse Frederick J.Wrona James D.Reist John E.Hobbie Lucie M.J.Lévesque Warwick F.Vincent 林宝法 | 2006 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2006，35，7： | 2 |
| 19 | A randomized comparison of a fot pump and low-molecular-weight heparin in theprevention of deep-vein thrombosis after total knee replacement显示文摘 | Warwick D Harrison J Whitehouse S | 2002 | J Bone Joint Surg Br2002，84，406： | 1 |
| 20 | A randomised comparison of a foot pump and low-molecular-weight heparin in the prevention of deep-vein thrombosis after total knee replacement显示文摘 | Warwick D Harrison J Whitehouse S | 2002 | J Bone Joint Surg Br2002，84，3： | 1 |
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