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| 1 | Enhanced microfracture techniques in cartilage knee surgery: Fact or fiction?显示文摘The limited intrinsic healing potential of human articular cartilage is a well-known problem in orthopedic surgery. Thus a variety of surgical techniques have been developed to reduce joint pain, improve joint function and delay the onset of osteoarthritis. Microfractures as a bone marrow stimulation technique present the most common applied articular cartilage repair procedure today. Unfortunately the deficiencies of fibrocartilaginous repair tissue inevitably lead to breakdown under normal joint loading and clinical results deteriorate with time. To overcome the shortcomings of microfracture, an enhanced microfracture technique was developed with an additional collagen Ⅰ/Ⅲ membrane(Autologous, Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis, AMIC). This article reviews the pre-clinical rationale of microfractures and AMIC, presents clinical studies and shows the advantages and disadvantages of these widely usedtechniques. PubM ed and the Cochrane database were searched to identify relevant studies. We used a comprehensive search strategy with no date or language restrictions to locate studies that examined the AMIC technique and microfracture. Search keywords included cartilage, microfracture, AMIC, knee, ChondroGide. Besides this, we included our own experiences and study authors were contacted if more and non published data were needed. Both cartilage repair techniques represent an effective and safe method of treating full-thickness chondral defects of the knee in selected cases. While results after microfracture deteriorate with time, mid-term results after AMIC seem to be enduring. Randomized studies with long-term followup are needed whether the grafted area will maintain functional improvement and structural integrity over time. | Stefan Bark Tomasz Piontek Peter Behrens Sabiah Mkalaluh Deike Varoga Justus Gille | 2014 | World Journal of Orthopedics2014，5，4： | 3 |
| 2 | TLR-2-mediated induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cartilage in septic joint disease显示文摘 | VAROGA D PAULSEN F MENTLEIN R | 2006 | J Pathol2006，210，3： | 1 |
| 3 | The systemic angiogenic response during bone healing显示文摘 | Stefan Weiss Gerald Zimmermann Thomas Pufe Deike Varoga Philipp Henle | 2009 | Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery2009，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Differential expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in glucocorticoid - related osteonecrosis of the femoral head显示文摘 | Varoga D Drescher W Pule M | 2009 | C/in Orthop Re/at Res2009，467，12： | 1 |
| 5 | Thrombocytes are effectors of the innate immune system releasing human beta defensin-3显示文摘 | Tohidnezhad M Varoga D Podschun R | 2011 | Injury2011，42，7： | 1 |
| 6 | Human β-defensin-3 mediates tissue remodeling processes in articular cartilage by increasing levels of metalloproteinases and reducing levels of their endogenous inhibitors 显示文摘 | Varoga D Pufe T Harder J | 2005 | Arthritis Rheum2005，52，6： | 1 |
| 7 | The antimi-crobial peptide HBD-2 and the Toll-like receptors-2 and-4 are induced in synovial membranes in case of septic arthritis显示文摘 | Varoga D Klostermeier E Paulsen F | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 8 | Platelets display potent antimicrobial activity and release human betadefensin 2显示文摘 | Tohidnezhad M Varoga D Wruck CJ | 2012 | Platelets2012，23，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Platelets display potent antimicrobial activity and release human beta-defensin 2 显示文摘 | Tohidnezhad M Varoga D Wruek CJ | 2012 | Platelets2012，23，3： | 1 |
| 10 | In-testinal trefoil factor/TFF3 promotes re-epithelializa-tion of comeal wounds显示文摘 | PAULSEN F P WOON C W VAROGA D | 2008 | The Journal of BiologicalChemistry2008，283，13： | 1 |
| 11 | Expression and regulation of antimicrobial peptides in articular joints 显示文摘 | Varoga D Pule T Mentlein R | 2005 | Ann Anat2005，187，56： | 1 |
| 12 | Differential expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in glucocorticoidrelated osteonecrosis of the femoral head 显示文摘 | Varoga D Drescher W Pule M | 2009 | Clin Orthop Relat Res2009，1，： | 1 |
| 13 | Cyclic strain influences the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-lalpha) in tendon fibroblasts 显示文摘 | Petersen W Varoga D Zantop T | 2004 | J Orthop Res2004，22，4： | 1 |
| 14 | The role of human beta-defensin-2 in bone显示文摘 | Varoga D Tohidnezhad M Paulsen F | 2008 | J Anat2008，213，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Trefoil factor 3 is induced during degenerative and inflammatory joint disease,activates matrix metalloproteinases,and enhances apoptosis of articular cartilage chondrocytes显示文摘 | R(o)sler S Haase T Claassen H Schulze U Schicht M Riemann D Brandt J Wohlrab D Müller-Hilke B Goldring MB Sel S Varoga D Garreis F Paulsen FP | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 16 | Patella dislocation 显示文摘 | Oestern S Varoga D Lippross S | 2011 | Un- fallchirurg2011，114，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Cyclic strain influences the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-lalpha) in tendon fibroblasts 显示文摘 | Petersen W Varoga D Zantop T | 2004 | J Orthop Res2004，22，4： | 1 |
| 18 | The Treatment of Intra-articular Calcaneus Fractures with Severe Soft Tissue Damage with a Hinged External Fixator or Internal Stabilization: Long-term Results显示文摘 | Lutz Besch Jan Soeren Waldschmidt Mark Daniels-Wredenhagen Deike Varoga Michael Mueller Ralf-Erik Hilgert Guenther Mathiak Stefanie Oestern Sebastian Lippross Andreas Seekamp | 2010 | The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery2010，，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Differential expression of va- sular endothelial growth factor in glucocorticoid-related osteonecro- sis of the femoral head 显示文摘 | Varoga D Drescher W Pufe M | 2009 | Clin Orthop Relat Res2009，467，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Human beta-defensin 3 mediates tissue remodeling processes in articular cartilage by increasing levels of metalloproteinases and reducing levels of their endogenous inhibitors显示文摘 | Varoga D Pufe T Harder J | | 0，，06： | 1 |
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