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| 1 | 全球生态系统服务与自然资本的价值估算显示文摘编者按:地球上的生态系统是一种复杂的生命支持系统,生态系统对人类的贡献,在生态学研究中经常用“社会效益和经济效益”来表述,是可以用经济价值来估算的。然而,由于其复杂性和不确定性,对这两个效益如何进行估价,一直是困扰生态学家和经济学家的重要问题。Cos... | Robert Costanza Ralph d'Arge Rudolf de Groot Stephen Farber Monica Grasso Bruce Hannon Karin Limburg Shahid Naeem Robert V.O'neill Jose Paruelo Robert G.Raskin Paul Sutton Marjan van den Belt 陶大立(译) | 1999 | 生态学杂志1999，18，2： | 38 |
| 2 | Cavitation and grain boundary sliding during creep of Mg-Y-Nd-Zn-Mn alloy显示文摘Creep of squeeze-cast Mg-3Y-2Nd-1Zn-1Mn alloy was investigated at the constant load in the stress range of 30-80 MPa. Tensile creep tests were performed at 300℃up to the final fracture.Several tests at 50 MPa were interrupted after reaching the steady state creep;and another set of creep tests was interrupted after the onset of ternary creep.Fraction of cavitated dendritic boundaries was evaluated using optical microscopy.Measurement of grain boundary sliding by observation of the offset of marker lines was carried out on the surface of the crept specimens after the test interruption by scanning electron microscopy and by confocal laser scanning microscopy.The results show that the dominant creep mechanism in this alloy is dislocation creep with minor contribution of the grain boundary sliding.Creep failure took place by the nucleation,growth and coalescence of creep cavities on the boundaries predominantly oriented perpendicular to the applied stress.Increasing amount of cavitated boundaries with time of creep exposure supports the mechanism of continuous cavity nucleation and growth. | V.JANíK F.HNILICA P.ZUNA V.OENEK I.STULíKOV | 2008 | 中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版2008，18，A01： | 2 |
| 3 | Reproductive partitioning and seed set efficiency in soybean, sunflower and maize显示文摘 | C.R.C Vega F.H Andrade V.O Sadras | 2001 | Field Crops Research2001，，3： | 1 |
| 4 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Rodionov V.O Presolski S.I Gardinier S Lim Y.H Finn M.G..I | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Hypereutectic Al-Si based alloys with a thixotropic microstructure produced by ultrasonic treatment显示文摘 | V.O Abramov O.V Abramov B.B Straumal W Gust | 1998 | Materials and Design1998，，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Effect of supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or β-glucans on performance, feeding behaviour and immune status of Holstein Friesian bull calves during the pre-and post-weaning periods显示文摘Background: Previous research in both calves and other species has suggested n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) and β-glucans may have positive effects on immune function. This experiment measured performance,behaviour, metabolite and immunological responses to pre-weaning supplementation of dairy bull calves with n-3 PUFA in the form of fish oil and β-glucans derived from seaweed extract. 44 Holstein Friesian bull calves, aged 13.7± 2.5 d and weighing 48.0 ± 5.8 kg were artificially reared using an electronic feeding system. Each calf was offered5 L(120 g/L) per day of milk replacer(MR) and assigned to one of four treatments included in the MR,(1) Control(CON);(2) 40 g n-3 PUFA per day(FO);(3) 1 g β-glucans per day(GL) and(4) 40 g n-3 PUFA per day & 1 g/d β-glucans(FOGL) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Milk replacer and concentrate was offered from d 0–62(pre-weaning),while concentrate provision continued for a further 31 d post-weaning period. Individual daily feed intake and feeding behaviour was recorded throughout, while bodyweight and blood analyte data were collected at regular intervals.Results: Overall mean concentrate DMI from d 0–93 was 1.39, 1.27, 1.00 and 0.72 kg/d for CON, FO, GL and FOGL calves, respectively(SEM = 0.037;P < 0.0001). Calves supplemented with GL were significantly lighter(P < 0.0001) at both weaning(d 62) and turnout to pasture(d 93) than un-supplemented calves, with a similar effect(P < 0.0001)evident for calves receiving FO compared to un-supplemented contemporaries. Supplementation with GL reduced the number of unrewarded visits where milk was not consumed(P < 0.0001) while supplementation with FO increased mean drinking speed(P < 0.0001). Supplementation with GL resulted in greater concentrations of haptoglobin(P = 0.034), greater serum osmolality(P = 0.021) and lower lymphocyte levels(P = 0.027). In addition,cells from GL supplemented calves exhibited a lower response than un-supplemented contemporaries to both Phytohaemagglutinin A stimulated IFN-γ(P = 0.019) and Concanavalin A stimulated IFN-γ(P = 0.012) following in vitro challenges.Conclusions: Pre-weaning supplementation of bull calves with either n-3 PUFA or β-glucan resulted in reduced voluntary feed intake of concentrate and consequently poorer pre-weaning calf performance. There was no evidence for any beneficial effect of either supplementation strategy on calves’ immune responses. | Ruairi P.McDonnell John V.O’Doherty Bernadette Earley Anne Marie Clarke David A.Kenny | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，2： | 1 |
| 7 | The effects of dietary supplementation with mushroom or selenium enriched mushroom powders on the growth performance and intestinal health of post-weaned pigs显示文摘Background There is an urgent need to identify natural bioactive compounds that can enhance gastrointestinal health and promote pig growth performance in the absence of pharmacological levels of zinc oxide(ZnO).The objectives of this study were to:1)compare the effects of mushroom powder supplemented with inorganic selenium(inSeMP)to mushroom powder enriched with organic selenium(orgSeMP)to pharmacological levels of ZnO on growth performance and faecal scores(FS)for the first 21 d post-weaning(Period 1);and 2)compare the molecular and microbial effects of inSeMP and orgSeMP in these pigs on d 39 post-weaning(Period 2).Methods In Period 1,pigs(3 pigs/pen;8 pens/treatment)were assigned to:(1)basal diet(control);(2)basal diet+zinc oxide(ZnO)(3100 mg/kg d 1–14,1550 mg/kg d 15–21);(3)basal diet+mushroom powder supplemented with inorganic selenium(inSeMP)containing selenium(selenite)content of 0.3 mg/kg feed;(4)basal diet+mushroom powder enriched with organic selenium(orgSeMP)containing selenium(selenocysteine)content of 0.3 mg/kg feed.Mushroom powders were included at 6.5 g/kg of feed.Results In Period 1,there was no effect of diets on average daily gain(ADG)and gain:feed(G:F)ratio(P>0.05).The orgSeMP supplemented pigs had a lower average daily feed intake(ADFI)compared to all other groups(P<0.05).The ZnO supplemented pigs had reduced FS compared to the basal and mushroom group,while the orgSeMP supplemented pigs had lower FS compared to the basal group during the 21 d experimental period(P<0.05).In Period 2,there was no effect of diets on ADFI,ADG and G:F ratio(P>0.05).The orgSeMP supplementation increased the caecal abundance of bacterial members of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phylum,including Lactobacillus,Agathobacter,Roseburia,and Prevotella and decreased the abundance of Sporobacter compared to the basal group,while inSeMP increased the caecal abundance of Prevotella and decreased the caecal abundance of Sporobacter compared to the basal group(P<0.05).Dietary supplementation with inSeMP increased expression of TLR4 and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene IL10 and decreased nutrient transporter gene FABP2 compared to the orgSeMP group(P<0.05).Conclusion OrgSeMP is a novel and sustainable way to incorporate selenium andβ-glucans into the diet of weaned pigs whilst improving FS and modulating the caecal microbiota. | Alison Dowley Torres Sweeney Eadaoin Conway Stafford Vigors Marion T.Ryan Supriya Yadav Jude Wilson John V.O’Doherty | 2023 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2023，14，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Talent beyond words:Identification of potential talent in dance and music in elementary students显示文摘 | Susan M.B Steven V.O Barry A.O | | 0，，40： | 1 |
| 9 | 波洛克——早期作品的新发现显示文摘在编辑关于杰克逊·波洛克毕生事业的四卷史料集的过程中,尤金·索和我有幸发现了一批从未发表或展出过的作品,我们又在报纸和艺术刊物上刊登了广告,寻找线索并进行征询。我们新发现的这些作品呈现出多种体裁,并且出自波洛克艺术发展的各个时期。 | Francis V.O’Connor 江文 | 1991 | 世界美术1991，，3： | 0 |
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