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| 1 | Towards the control of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens with in-feed antibiotics phasing-out worldwide显示文摘Poultry production has undergone a substantial increase compared to the livestock industries since 1970.However, the industry worldwide is now facing challenges with the removal of in-feed antibiotics completely or gradually, as the once well-controlled poultry diseases have re-emerged to cause tremendous loss of production. Necrotic enteritis(NE) is one of the most important diseases which costs the industry over two billion dollars annually. In this paper, we review the progress on the etiology of NE and its control through dietary modifications, pre-and probiotics, short chain fatty acids, and vaccination. The other likely measures resulted in the most advances in the toxin characterization are also discussed. Vaccine strategies may have greater potential for the control of NE mainly due to clearer etiology of NE having been elucidated in recent years with the identification of necrotic enteritis toxin B-like(NetB) toxin. Therefore, the use of alternatives to in-feed antibiotics with a better understanding of the relationship between nutrition and NE, and limiting exposure to infectious agents through biosecurity and vaccination, might be a tool to reduce the incidence of NE and to improve gut health in the absence of in-feed antibiotics. More importantly, the combinations of different measures may achieve greater protection of birds against the disease. Among all the alternatives investigated, prebiotics, organic acids and vaccination have shown improved gastrointestinal health and thus, have potential for the control of NE. | Shawkat A.M'Sadeq Shubiao Wu Robert A.Swick Mingan Choct | 2015 | Animal Nutrition2015，，1： | 6 |
| 2 | Effect of Salt Stress on Photosynthetic GasExchange and Chlorophyll FluorescenceParameters in Alhagi pseudalhagi显示文摘Soil salinity is one of the most important environmental factors limiting plant growth and productivity in many regions in the world. Salt stress directly affects plant photosynthesis, which is an important physiological process to limit plant growth and crop yield. But the effects of salt stress on the mechanism of the photosynthesis is still not clear. In this experiment, the salt tolerant plant Alhagi pseudalhagi was selected as the experiment material, and the salt sensitive plant Vigna radiata as the control, to explore the effects of salt stress on photosynthetic parameters of A. pseudalhagi. Plants were grown in a greenhouse,cultured with 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution, treated by 0(control), 50, 100 or 200 s of mmol/L of NaCl solution for 12 d. Then,the chlorophyll contents, gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll a fluorescence in each treatment were measured. The results showed that under the salt stress simulated by 50 mmol/L NaCl, the net photosynthetic rate(Pn) and stomatal conductance(gs)of A. pseudalhagi were significantly increased compared with the control, while intercellular CO_2 concentration(Ci) was significantly decreased, Fv'/Fm', Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo were increased over time, but had no significant differences with the control ФPSⅡ,ETR and qP were significantly increased, and NPQ was significantly decreased. Under the salt stress simulated by 100 and 200mmol/L NaCl, Fv'/Fm', Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, ФPSⅡ and qP of A. pseudalhagi were gradually decreased over time. In contrary, under the salt stress simulated by 50 and 100 mmol/L NaCl, the Pn, gs, Ci, Fv'/Fm', Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, ФPSII, qP and ETR were all significantly decreased, while NPQ was significantly increased. | Mahmut SHAWKAT Mansur NASIR Qijun CHEN Halil KURBAN | 2017 | Agricultural Science & Technology2017，18，3： | 6 |
| 3 | Gut microbiota mediated molecular events and therapy in liver diseases显示文摘Gut microbiota is a community of microorganisms that reside in the gastrointestinaltract. An increasing number of studies has demonstrated that the gutliveraxis plays a critical role in liver homeostasis. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota cancause liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liverdisease. Preclinical and clinical investigations have substantiated that themetabolites and other molecules derived from gut microbiota and diet interactionfunction as mediators to cause liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and final cancer. This effecthas been demonstrated to be associated with dysregulation of intrahepaticimmunity and liver metabolism. Targeting these findings have led to thedevelopment of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. Here, we review thecellular and molecular mechanisms underlying gut microbiota-mediated impacton liver disease. We also summarize the advancement of gut microbiota-basedtherapeutic strategies in the control of liver diseases. | Xiaoqiang Qi Ming Yang Joseph Stenberg Rahul Dey Leslie Fogwe Muhammad Shawkat Alam Eric TKimchi Kevin F Staveley-O'Carroll Guangfu Li | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，48： | 5 |
| 4 | Dynamics of oil price, precious metal prices, and exchange rate显示文摘 | Ramazan Sari Shawkat Hammoudeh Ugur Soytas | 2009 | Energy Economics2009，，2： | 2 |
| 5 | An alternative,zeaxanthin epoxidase-independent abscisic acid biosynthetic pathway in plants显示文摘Abscisic acid(ABA)is an important carotenoid-derived phytohormone that plays essential roles in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as in various physiological and developmental processes.In Arabidopsis,ABA biosynthesis starts with the epoxidation of zeaxanthin by the ABA DEFICIENT 1(ABA1)enzyme,leading to epoxycarotenoids;e.g.,violaxanthin.The oxidative cleavage of 9-cis-epoxycaro-tenoids,a key regulatory step catalyzed by 9-C/S-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE,forms xanthoxin,which is converted in further rea.ctions mediated by ABA DEFICIENT 2(ABA2),ABA DEFICIENT 3(ABA3),and ABSCISIC ALDEHYDE OXIDASE 3(AAO3)into ABA.By combining genetic and biochemical approaches,we unravel here an ABA1-independent ABA biosynthetic pathway starting upstream of zeaxanthin.We iden-tified the carotenoid cleavage products(i.e.,apocarotenoids,β-apo-11-carotenal,9-cis-β-apo-11-carotenal,3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal,and 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal)as intermediates of this ABA1-independent ABA biosynthetic pathway.Using labeled compounds,we showed thatβ-apo-11-carotenal,9-cis-β-apo-11-carotenal,and 3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal are successively converted into 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal,xanthoxin,and finally into ABA in both Arabidopsis and rice.When applied to Arabidopsis,theseβ-apo-11-carotenoids exert ABA biological functions,such as maintaining seed dormancy and inducing the expression of ABA-responsive genes.Moreover,the transcdptomic analysis revealed a high overlap of differentially expressed genes regulated byβ-apo-11-carotenoids and ABA,suggesting thatβ-apo-11-carot-enoids exert ABA-independent regulatory activities.Taken together,our study identifies a biological function for the common plant metabolites,β-apo-11-carotenoids,extends our knowledge about ABA biosynthesis,and provides new insights into plant apocarotenoid metabolic networks. | Kun-Peng Jia Jianing Mi Shawkat Ali Hajime Ohyanagi Juan C.Moreno Abdugaffor Ablazov Aparna Balakrishna Lamis Berqdar Alessia Fiore Gianfranco Diretto Claudio Martínez Angel R.de Lera Takashi Gojobori Salim Al-Babili | 2022 | Molecular Plant2022，15，1： | 2 |
| 6 | The Surgical Correction of Pierre Robin Sequence: Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis versus Tongue-Lip Adhesion显示文摘 | Roberto L. Flores Sunil S. Tholpady Shawkat Sati Grant Fairbanks Juan Socas Matthew Choi Robert J. Havlik | 2014 | Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery2014，，6： | 2 |
| 7 | 孟加拉国Bhanugach西部保育林用地类型变化(英文)显示文摘应用遥感和地理信息系统调查了孟加拉国Sylhet林业分局所辖的Bhanugach西部保育林从1988年到2006年间用地类型的变化。应用了监督和非监督两种方法,用全球定位系统搜集了地面控制点。地理信息系统软件制成地图。结果表明,植被覆盖从1988年的1826hm2大幅地降低到1996年的1714.85hm2,随着协同管理措施的实施,植被覆盖自1996年后逐年增长到2006年的1847.83hm2。在没有其他类型的用地转变成裸地的情况下,裸地变化与植被覆盖间成反比。18年间水体面积从1988年的307.67hm2增加到1996年379.53hm2,96-97年间略有下降,1997年以后直到2006年基本保持不变。本文还提出了将遥感技术和地理信息系统应用于用地类型变化及地理信息系统数据库创建的一些建议。 | Md. Abdul Halim Abdus Shahid Mohammad Shaheed Hossain Chowdhury Mst. Nazmun Nahar Md. Shawkat Islam Sohel Nuruddin Md. Jahangir Masao Koike | 2008 | Journal of Forestry Research2008，19，3： | 2 |
| 8 | 孟加拉的非木材林产品在美容业的应用(英文)显示文摘在查阅大量非木材林产品文献的基础上,作者总结了非木材林产品在孟加拉美容业的应用情况。本文评述了孟加拉的非木材产品在身体,面部和头发等的美容方面的应用,并对可用于美容产品的非木材树种进行归纳总结。本研究可以作为美容产品应用的可持续发展的原则指导生物多样性的保护。为了更有效的管理这些资源,了解产品的利用和收获的模式是非常必要的。表13参23。 | Sayma Akhter Md. Abdul Halim Md. Shawkat Islam Sohel Swapan Kumar Sarker Mohammad Shaheed Hossain Chowdhury Sanjay Saha Sonet | 2008 | Journal of Forestry Research2008，19，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Return and Volatility Connectedness between Stock Markets and Macroeconomic Factors in the G-7 Countries显示文摘We examine the relationship between return and volatility of the stock markets and macroeconomic fundamentals for the G-7 countries by using monthly data ranging from July 1985 to June 2015. To meet this end, we apply the spillover index approach based on the generalized VAR framework developed by Diebold and Yilmaz (2012, 2014). The empirical analysis shows strong interactions between the returns and volatilities of the G-7 stock markets and the considered set of corresponding macroeconomic factors including industrial production, money supply, interest rates, inflation, oil prices and exchange rates. The return and volatility spillover transmission/reception dynamics of the relationships between these stock markets and the macroeconomic fundamentals have changed after the global financial crisis of 2008. Our findings provide useful insights for investors and policy makers concerned with the unprecedented swings in the stock markets of G-7 countries. | Ghulam Abbas Shawkat Hammoudeh Syed Jawad Hussain Shahzad Shouyang Wang Yunjie Wei | 2019 | Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering2019，28，1： | 2 |
| 10 | A survey on gaps, threat remediation challenges and some thoughts for proactive attack detection in cloud computing显示文摘 | Md. Tanzim Khorshed A.B.M. Shawkat Ali Saleh A. Wasimi | 2012 | Future Generation Computer Systems2012，，6： | 2 |
| 11 | Laparoscopic adhesiolysis in acute small bowel obst ruction:a preliminary experience显示文摘 | El Dahha A A Shawkat A M Bakr A A | 1999 | J SLS1999，3，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Nystagmus in infan-cy显示文摘 | Casteels I Harris CM Shawkat F Taylor D | 1992 | BrJ Ophthalmol1992，76，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Laparoscopic adhesiolysis in acute small bowel obstruction:a preliminary experience显示文摘 | El Dahha A A Shawkat A M Bakr A A | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 14 | Causality and volatility spillovers among petroleum prices of WTI,gasoline ang heating oil in different locations显示文摘 | SHAWKAT HAMMOUDCH HUIMIN LI BANG JEON | 2003 | North American Journal of Economics and Finance2003，，14： | 1 |
| 15 | Allelic variation of the FRMD7 gene in congenital idiopathic nystagmus显示文摘 | Self J Shawkat F Malpas C T | 2007 | Arch Ophthalmol2007，125，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Metal volatility in presence of oil and interest rate shocks 显示文摘 | Shawkat Hammoudeh Yuan Yuan | 2008 | Energy Economics2008，，30： | 1 |
| 17 | Comparison of pattern-onset,-reversal and -offset VEPs in treated amblyopia显示文摘 | Shawkat FS Kriss A Timms C Taylor DS | 1998 | Eye(Lond)1998，12，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Oxygen in- hibition and incremental layer bond strengths of resin composites显示文摘 | Shawkat ES Shortall AC Addison O | 2009 | Dent Mater2009，25，11： | 1 |
| 19 | Long-term carbimazole intake does not affect success rate of radioactive '3'Iodine in treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism显示文摘 | El Refaei SM Shawkat W | 2008 | Nucl Med Commun2008，29，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Studies in antiparasitic agents, Part 9, Synthesis of 5 (6) -alkoxyearbonyl -2 - substituted henzimidazoles as potential anthelminties显示文摘 | Shawkat N S Stuhir K S Satyavan S | 1988 | Indian J Chem Sect B1988，27，12： | 1 |
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