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| 1 | 野生扬子鳄种群及栖息地现状研究显示文摘1999年 7~ 8月及 2 0 0 0年 8~ 9月 ,利用GPS、激光测距仪等 ,采用夜间灯光照射计数方法 ,对有野生扬子鳄(Alligatorsinensis)存在的安徽省宣州、泾县、广德、郎溪、南陵等 5县市的 2 6个地点进行了调查 ,包括扬子鳄国家级自然保护区的 13个指定保护点。结果发现 :目前野生扬子鳄主要生存在第一类栖息地 (1999年 5 0 .7%、2 0 0 0年40 .0 % ) ,面积为 17.38hm2 ;其他两类栖息地的野生扬子鳄分布比率较小 (各为 1999年 2 4.0 %、2 0 0 0年 30 .9%、1999年 2 5 .3%、2 0 0 0年 2 9.1% ) ,面积分别为 2 2 .0 4hm2 、19.0 3hm2 。两年的平均生态密度分别为 1.2 8条 /hm2和 1.79条 /hm2 ,野生扬子鳄种群数量为 145条。其种群已明显分为至少 18个数量不等且相互隔离的地方种群。建议恢复足够大的栖息地 ,并放饲养鳄于其中以重新建立有效野生种群。 | 丁由中 王小明 何利军 邵民 谢万树 Thorbjarnarson B John Mc Murry T Scott | 2001 | 生物多样性2001，9，2： | 33 |
| 2 | Role of ion channels in gastrointestinal cancer显示文摘In their seminal papers Hanahan and Weinberg described oncogenic processes a normal cell undergoes to be transformed into a cancer cell.The functions of ion channels in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract influence a variety of cellular processes,many of which overlap with these hallmarks of cancer.In this review we focus on the roles of the calcium(Ca^2+),sodium(Na^+),potassium(K^+),chloride(Cl^-)and zinc(Zn^2+)transporters in GI cancer,with a special emphasis on the roles of the KCNQ1 K+channel and CFTR Cl-channel in colorectal cancer(CRC).Ca^2+is a ubiquitous second messenger,serving as a signaling molecule for a variety of cellular processes such as control of the cell cycle,apoptosis,and migration.Various members of the TRP superfamily,including TRPM8,TRPM7,TRPM6 and TRPM2,have been implicated in GI cancers,especially through overexpression in pancreatic adenocarcinomas and down-regulation in colon cancer.Voltage-gated sodium channels(VGSCs)are classically associated with the initiation and conduction of action potentials in electrically excitable cells such as neurons and muscle cells.The VGSC NaV1.5 is abundantly expressed in human colorectal CRC cell lines as well as being highly expressed in primary CRC samples.Studies have demonstrated that conductance through NaV1.5 contributes significantly to CRC cell invasiveness and cancer progression.Zn2+transporters of the ZIP/SLC39A and ZnT/SLC30A families are dysregulated in all major GI organ cancers,in particular,ZIP4 up-regulation in pancreatic cancer(PC).More than 70 K+channel genes,clustered in four families,are found expressed in the GI tract,where they regulate a range of cellular processes,including gastrin secretion in the stomach and anion secretion and fluid balance in the intestinal tract.Several distinct types of K+channels are found dysregulated in the GI tract.Notable are hERG1 upregulation in PC,gastric cancer(GC)and CRC,leading to enhanced cancer angiogenesis and invasion,and KCNQ1 down-regulation in CRC,where KCNQ1 expression is associated with enhanced disease-free survival in stage II,III,and IV disease.Cl-channels are critical for a range of cellular and tissue processes in the GI tract,especially fluid balance in the colon.Most notable is CFTR,whose deficiency leads to mucus blockage,microbial dysbiosis and inflammation in the intestinal tract.CFTR is a tumor suppressor in several GI cancers.Cystic fibrosis patients are at a significant risk for CRC and low levels of CFTR expression are associated with poor overall disease-free survival in sporadic CRC.Two other classes of chloride channels that are dysregulated in GI cancers are the chloride intracellular channels(CLIC1,3&4)and the chloride channel accessory proteins(CLCA1,2,4).CLIC1&4 are upregulated in PC,GC,gallbladder cancer,and CRC,while the CLCA proteins have been reported to be down-regulated in CRC.In summary,it is clear,from the diverse influences of ion channels,that their aberrant expression and/or activity can contribute to malignant transformation and tumor progression.Further,because ion channels are often localized to the plasma membrane and subject to multiple layers of regulation,they represent promising clinical targets for therapeutic intervention including the repurposing of current drugs. | Kyle J Anderson Robert T Cormier Patricia M Scott | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，38： | 19 |
| 3 | Pathophysiology of cerebral oedema in acute liver failure显示文摘Cerebral oedema is a devastating consequence of acute liver failure(ALF)and may be associated with the development of intracranial hypertension and death.In ALF,some patients may develop cerebral oedema and increased intracranial pressure but progression to lifethreatening intracranial hypertension is less frequent than previously described,complicating less than one third of cases who have proceeded to coma since the advent of improved clinical care.The rapid onset of encephalopathy may be dramatic with the development of asterixis,delirium,seizures and coma.Cytotoxic and vasogenic oedema mechanisms have been implicated with a preponderance of experimental data favouring a cytotoxic mechanism.Astrocyte swelling is the most consistent neuropathological finding in humans with ALF and ammonia plays a definitive role in the development of cytotoxic brain oedema.The mechanism(s)by which ammonia induces astrocyte swelling remains unclear but glutamine accumulation within astrocytes has led to the osmolyte hypothesis.Current evidence also supports an alternate‘Trojan horse’hypothesis,with glutamine as a carrier of ammonia into mitochondria,where its accumulation results in oxidative stress,energy failure and ultimately astrocyte swelling.Although a complete breakdown of the blood-brain barrier is not evident in human ALF,increased permeation to water and other small molecules such as ammonia has been demonstrated resulting from subtle alterations in the protein composition of paracellular tight junctions.At present,there is no fully efficacious therapy for cerebral oedema other than liver transplantation and this reflects our incomplete knowledge of the precise mechanisms underlying this process which remain largely unknown. | Teresa R Scott Victoria T Kronsten Robin D Hughes Debbie L Shawcross | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 8 |
| 4 | 秦巴山区仿生态培育大鲵亲本水温研究显示文摘分别对大鲵(Andrias davidanus)自然产苗点和鱼类和两栖类仿生态培育产苗点进行生境水温研究。自然产苗点水域中的鱼类和两栖类饵料丰富,常随季节、天气、河水流量的变化而波动。各出苗点水体有浊度和微量溶解固体,溶解氧含量高,水质可满足大鲵的生长繁育条件。选择连续多年批量出苗的仿生态培养池为监测对象,经过连续1年不间断的水温测定,查明了适于大鲵繁殖的水温条件。水温变幅为6.023~24.195℃,平均水温13.718℃,全年最高水温出现在秋季,最低水温出现在冬季;白昼温差较大,黑夜温差较小;全年的昼夜温差相当,适合大鲵生长,表明人工仿生态养殖环境也可实现大鲵的繁殖。 | 张红星 沈建忠 赵虎 王启军 Andy Kouba Scott T Willard | 2012 | 水生态学杂志2012，33，1： | 6 |
| 5 | 'Lnc'-ing enhancers to MYC regulation显示文摘 | Scott T Youner | 2014 | Cell Research2014，24，6： | 6 |
| 6 | Ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria are structured by geography in biological soil crusts across North American arid lands显示文摘Introduction:Biological soil crusts(BSCs)can dominate surface cover in dry lands worldwide,playing an integral role in arid land biogeochemistry,particularly in N fertilization through fixation and cycling.Nitrification is a characteristic and universal N transformation in BSCs that becomes important for the export of N beyond the microscopic bounds of the crust itself.The contribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)in BSCs has been shown,but the role and extent of the recently discovered ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)have not.Methods:We sampled various types of crusts in four desert regions across the western United States and characterized the composition and size of ammonia-oxidizing communities using clone libraries and quantitative PCR targeting the amoA gene,which codes for the ammonia monooxygenase enzyme,universally present in ammonia-oxidizing microbes.Results:All archaeal amoA sequences retrieved from BSCs belonged to the Thaumarchaeota(Nitrososphaera associated Group I.1b).Sequences from the Sonoran Desert,Colorado Plateau,and Great Basin were indistinguishable from each other but distinct from those of the Chihuahuan Desert.Based on amoA gene abundances,archaeal and bacterial ammonia oxidizers were ubiquitous in our survey,but the ratios of archaeal to bacterial ammonia oxidizers shifted from bacterially dominated in northern,cooler deserts to archaeally dominated in southern,warmer deserts.Conclusions:Archaea are shown to be potentially important biogeochemical agents of biological soil crust N cycling.Conditions associated with different types of BSCs and biogeographical factors reveal a niche differentiation between AOA and AOB,possibly driven by temperature. | Yevgeniy Marusenko Scott T Bates Ian Anderson Shannon L Johnson Tanya Soule Ferran Garcia-Pichel | 2013 | Ecological Processes2013，2，1： | 4 |
| 7 | Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants and low molecular weight heparin in gastrointestinal cancer-associated venous thromboembolism显示文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal cancer(GICA)is associated with a higher incidence of venous thromboembolism(VTE)compared to other solid tumors,moreover,recurrent VTE and major bleeding(MB)complications during anticoagulation treatment have an associated increase rate.GICA-VTE remains a challenging clinical scenario with MB concerns for utilization of direct oral anticoagulants(DOAC),especially with active cancer therapies.AIM To evaluate patient risk factors,effectiveness(VTE)and safety(MB)of DOACs and low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)in patients with active GICA-VTE.METHODS A retrospective chart review of patients receiving DOACs and LMWH with GICA and symptomatic or incidental VTE treated at comprehensive cancer center from November 2013 to February 2017 was performed.Inclusion criteria included active GI cancer diagnosed at any stage or treatment+/-6 mo of VTE diagnosis,whom were prescribed 6 mo or more of DOACs or LMWH.The Chi-squared test was used for overall and the Fisher exact test for pairwise comparisons of the proportions of patients experiencing recurrent VTE and MB events.Odds ratios were used to compare the relative odds of the occurrence of the outcome given exposure to the risk factor.RESULTS A total of 144 patients were prescribed anticoagulation,in which 106 fulfilled inclusion criteria apixaban(27.3%),rivaroxaban(34.9%)and enoxaparin(37.7%),and 38 were excluded.Patients median age was 66.5 years at GICA diagnosis and 67 years at CAVTE event,with 62%males,80%Caucasian,70%stage IV,pancreatic cancer(40.5%),30%Khorana Score(≥3 points),and 43.5%on active chemotherapy.Sixty-four percent of patients completed anticoagulation therapy(range 1 to 43 mo).Recurrent VTE at 6 mo was noted in 7.5%(n=3),6.8%(n=2)and 2.7%(n=1)of patients on enoxaparin,apixaban and rivaroxaban,respectively(all P=NS).MB at 6 mo were 5%(n=2)for enoxaparin,6.8%(n=2)for apixaban and 21.6%(n=8)for rivaroxaban(overall P=0.048;vs LMWH P=0.0423;all other P=NS).Significant predictors of a primary or secondary outcome for all anticoagulation therapies included:Active systemic treatment(OR=5.1,95%CI:1.3-19.3),high Khorana Score[≥3 points](OR=5.5,95%CI:1.7-17.1),active smoker(OR=6.7,95%CI:2.1-21.0),pancreatic cancer(OR=6.8,95%CI:1.9-23.2),and stage IV disease(OR=9.9,95%CI:1.2-79.1).CONCLUSION Rivaroxaban compared to apixaban and enoxaparin had a significantly higher risk of MB on GICA-VTE patients with equivocal efficacy. | Alejandro Recio-Boiles Sumana Veeravelli Jessica Vondrak Hani M Babiker Aaron J Scott Rachna T Shroff Hitendra Patel Emad Elquza Ali McBride | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2019，11，10： | 3 |
| 8 | A comparison of the relative efficiency of ICSI and extended culture with epididymal sperm versus testicular sperm in patients with obstructive azoospermia显示文摘This is a retrospective cohort study comparing blastocyst transfer outcomes following intracytoplasmic sperm injection utilizing epididymal versus testicular sperm for men with obstructive azoospermia.All cases at a single center between 2012 and 2016 were included.Operative approach was selected at the surgeon’s discretion and included microepididymal sperm aspiration or testicular sperm extraction.Blastocyst culture was exclusively utilized prior to transfer.The primary outcome was live birth rate.Secondary outcomes included fertilization rate,blastulation rate,euploidy rate,and implantation rate.A mixed effects model was performed.Seventy-six microepididymal sperm aspiration cases and 93 testicular sperm extraction cases were analyzed.The live birth rate was equivalent(48.6%vs 50.5%,P=0.77).However,on mixed effects model,epididymal sperm resulted in a greater likelihood of fertilization(adjusted OR:1.37,95%CI:1.05–1.81,P=0.02)and produced a higher blastulation rate(adjusted OR:1.41,95%CI:1.1–1.85,P=0.01).As a result,the epididymal sperm group had more supernumerary blastocysts available(4.3 vs 3,P<0.05).The euploidy rate was no different.Pregnancy rates were no different through the first transfer cycle.However,intracytoplasmic sperm injection following microepididymal sperm aspiration resulted in a greater number of usable blastocysts per patient.Thus,the true benefit of epididymal sperm may only be demonstrated via a comparison of cumulative pregnancy rates after multiple transfers from one cohort. | Scott J Morin Brent M Hanson Caroline R Juneau Shelby A Neal Jessica N Landis Richard T Scott Jr James M Hotaling | 2020 | Asian Journal of Andrology2020，22，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Outcome of cytomegalovirus infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘 | Konstantinos A Papadakis Jim K Tung Scott W Binder Lori Y Kam Maria T Abreu Stephan R Targan Eric A Vasiliauskas | 2001 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2001，，7： | 2 |
| 10 | Survival after inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer in the Colon Cancer Family Registry显示文摘AIM: To investigate the survival of individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC) with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD-associated CRC) compared to that of individuals without IBD diagnosed with CRC. METHODS: Epidemiologic, clinical, and follow-up data were obtained from the Colon Cancer Family Registry (Colon CFR). IBD-associated cases were identified from self-report of physician diagnosis. For a subset of participants, medical records were examined to confirm self-report of IBD. Cox proportional hazards regression was applied to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95%CI of mortality, comparing IBD-associated to non-IBD-associated CRC, adjusted for age at CRC diagnosis, sex, Colon CFR phase, and number of prior endoscopies. Following imputation to complete CRC stage information, adjustment for CRC stage was examined. RESULTS: A total of 7202 CRC cases, including 250 cases of IBD-associated CRC, were analyzed. Over a twelve year follow-up period following CRC diagnosis, 2013 and 74 deaths occurred among non-IBD associated CRC and IBD-associated CRC patients, respectively. The difference in survival between IBD-associated and non-IBD CRC cases was not statistically significant (aHR = 1.08; 95%CI: 0.85-1.36). However, the assumption of proportional hazards necessary for valid inference from Cox regression was not met over the entire follow-up period, and we therefore limited analyses to within five years after CRC diagnosis when the assumption of proportional hazards was met. Over this period, there was evidence of worse prognosis for IBD-associated CRC (aHR = 1.36; 95%CI: 1.05-1.76). Results were similar when adjusted for CRC stage, or restricted to IBD confirmed in medical records. CONCLUSION: These results support the hypothesis that IBD-associated CRC has a worse prognosis than non-IBD-associated CRC. | Scott V Adams Dennis J Ahnen John A Baron Peter T Campbell Steven Gallinger William M Grady Loic LeMarchand Noralane M Lindor John D Potter Polly A Newcomb | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，21： | 2 |
| 11 | Emulation of neutron irradiation effects with protons: validation of principle显示文摘 | G.S Was J.T Busby T Allen E.A Kenik A Jensson S.M Bruemmer J Gan A.D Edwards P.M Scott P.L Andreson | 2002 | Journal of Nuclear Materials2002，，2： | 2 |
| 12 | Adipocyte iron regulates adiponectin and insulin sensitivity显示文摘 | Gabrielsen J Scott Gao Yan Simcox Judith A Huang Jingyu Thorup David Jones Deborah Cooksey Robert C Gabrielsen David Adams Ted D Hunt Steven C Hopkins Paul N Cefalu William T McClain Donald A | 2012 | EN2012，，10： | 2 |
| 13 | MRI-based measurement of hippocampal volume in patients with ccrnhat- related posttraumatic stress disorder显示文摘 | BREMNER J D RANDALL P SCOTT T M | 1995 | Am J Psychiatry1995，152，7： | 2 |
| 14 | Effect of amphetamine precursors and by products on soil enzymes of two urban soils显示文摘 | Scott T L Janusz A Perkins M V | 2003 | Bull Environ Contam Toxical2003，70，： | 1 |
| 15 | Public/private partnerships:Stimulating competition in a dynamic market显示文摘 | LINK A N SCOTT J T | 2001 | International Journal of Industrial Organization2001，，19： | 1 |
| 16 | Design of single angle web struts in trusses 显示文摘 | Scott T Woolcock Sritawat Kitipornchai | 1986 | Journal of Struetural Engineering ASCE1986，112，6： | 1 |
| 17 | The efficacy of spinosad against the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis,and its impact on associated biological control agents on greenhouse cucumbers in southern Ontario显示文摘 | Jones T Scott D C Harris R | 2005 | Pest Manag Sci2005，61，： | 1 |
| 18 | Women's experiences of breastfeeding in a bottle-feedingculture显示文摘 | Scott JA Mostyn T | 2003 | J Hum Lact2003，19，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Effect of thiouracil-induced hypothyroidism on the humoral immunity of new hampshire chickens 显示文摘 | Scott T Zijpp A V D Glick B | 1985 | Poultry Science1985，64，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Riak assessment of the mycotoxin zearalenone显示文摘 | Kuiper-Goodman T Scott P M Watanabe H | 1987 | Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology1987，，7： | 1 |
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