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| 1 | 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine signatures in cell-free DNA provide information about tumor types and stages显示文摘5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC ) 是被连接了到基因规定和癌症致病的重要哺乳动物的 DNA epigenetic 修正。这里,我们用定序途径的一枝敏感化学基于标签的低输入的猎枪在传播没有房间的 DNA (cfDNA ) 探索了 5hmC 的诊断潜力。我们从七种不同癌症类型的 49 个病人定序没有房间的 5hmC 并且发现了能被用来与高精确性预言癌症类型和阶段的不同特征。明确地,我们发现肺癌症在 cfDNA 导致 5hmC 的进步全球损失,而 hepatocellular 癌和胰腺的癌症在没有房间的 hydroxymethylome 导致疾病特定的变化。我们的 proof-of-principle 结果建议没有房间的 5hmC 签名可以潜在地被使用不仅识别癌症类型而且在一些癌症追踪肿瘤舞台。 | Chun-Xiao Song Senlin Yin Li Ma Amanda Wheeler Yu Chen Yan Zhang Bin Liu Junjie Xiong Weihan Zhang Jiankun Hu Zongguang Zhou Biao Dong Zhiqi Tian Stefanie S Jeffrey Mei-Sze Chua Samuel So Weimin Li Yuquan Wei Jiajie Diao Dan Xie Stephen R Quake | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，10： | 17 |
| 2 | Pharmacogenomics of EGFR-targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer:EGFR and beyond显示文摘Commonly observed aberrations in epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) signaling have led to the development of EGFR-targeted therapies for various cancers,including non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).EGFR mutations and overexpression have further been shown to modulate sensitivity to these EGFR-targeted therapies in NSCLC and several other types of cancers.However,it is clear that mutations and/or genetic variations in EGFR alone cannot explain all of the variability in the responses of patients with NSCLC to EGFR-targeted therapies.For instance,in addition to EGFR genotype,genetic variations in other members of the signaling pathway downstream of EGFR or variations in parallel receptor tyrosine kinase(RTK) pathways are now recognized to have a significant impact on the efficacy of certain EGFR-targeted therapies.In this review,we highlight the mutations and genetic variations in such genes downstream of EGFR and in parallel RTK pathways.Specifically,the directional effects of these pharmacogenetic factors are discussed with a focus on two commonly prescribed EGFR inhibitors:cetuximab and erlotinib.The results of this comprehensive review can be used to optimize the treatment of NSCLC with EGFR inhibitors.Furthermore,they may provide the rationale for the design of subsequent combination therapies that involve the inhibition of EGFR. | Christopher Delaney Samuel Frank R Stephanie Huang | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2015，34，4： | 6 |
| 3 | Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum: An update and implications for treatment显示文摘AIM: To provide an update on the aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, staging and management of rectal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).METHODS: A systematic review was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive search of Ovid MEDLINE was performed with the reference list of selected articles reviewed to ensure all relevant publications were captured. The search strategy was limited to the English language, spanning from 1946 to 2015. A qualitative analysis was undertaken examining patient demographics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, treatment and outcome. The quantitaive analysis was limited to data extracted on treatment and outcomes including radiological, clinical and pathological complete response where available. The narrative and quantitative review were synthesised in concert.RESULTS: The search identified 487 articles in total with 79 included in the qualitative review. The quantitative analysis involved 63 articles, consisting of 43 case reports and 20 case series with a total of 142 individual cases. The underlying pathogenesis of rectal SCC while unclear, continues to be defined, with increasing evidence of a metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence and a possible role for human papilloma virus in this progression. The presentation is similar to rectal adenocarcinoma, with a diagnosis confirmed by endoscopic biopsy. Many presumed rectal SCC's are in fact an extension of an anal SCC, and cytokeratin markers are a useful adjunct in this distinction. Staging is most accurately reflected by the tumour-nodemetastasis classification for rectal adenocarcinoma. It involves examining locoregional disease by way of magnetic resonance imaging and/or endorectal ultrasound, with systemic spread excluded by way of computed tomography. Positron emission tomography is integral in the workup to exclude an external siteof primary SCC with metastasis to the rectum. While the optimal treatment remains as yet undefined, recent studies have demonstrated a global shift away from surgery towards definitive chemoradiotherapy as primary treatment. Pooled overall survival was calculated to be 86% in patients managed with chemoradiation compared with 48% for those treated traditionally with surgery. Furthermore, local recurrence and metastatic rates were 25% vs 10% and 30% vs 13% for the chemoradiation vs conventional treatment cohorts.CONCLUSION: The changing paradigm in the treatment of rectal SCC holds great promise for improved outcomes in this rare disease. | Glen R Guerra Cherng H Kong Satish K Warrier Andrew C Lynch Alexander G Heriot Samuel Y Ngan | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，3： | 5 |
| 4 | 腹腔镜外科学基础认证项目简介及其对中国外科医师的意义显示文摘腹腔镜外科学基础(FLS)项目是普通外科中第1个经过验证的操作和认知考核项目.FLS由美国胃肠内镜外科医师协会(SAGES)开发并得到美国外科医学委员会(ABS)的支持.ABS要求所有拟参加普通外科医师执业资格考试前必须通过FLS考试.在美国,普通外科医师执业资格考试是取得执业资格的第一步.本文回顾了FLS项目在美国取得的成功经验,并就该项目在中国推广标准化腹腔镜外科技术中的应用和获益进行了介绍. | Linda P Zhang Samuel R G Finlayson Allan Okrainec Steven D Schwaitzberg | 2014 | 中华消化外科杂志2014，13，9： | 5 |
| 5 | Failure of P-selectin blockade alone to protect the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury in the isolated blood-perfused rat liver显示文摘AIM:To determine if blockade of P-selectin in the isolated blood-perfused cold ex vivo rat liver model protects the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS:The effect of P-selectin blockade was assessed by employing an isolated blood-perfused cold ex vivo rat liver with or without P-selectin antibody treatment before and after 6 h of cold storage in University of Wisconsin solution. RESULTS:In our isolated blood-perfused rat liver model,pre-treatment with P-selectin antibody failed to protect the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury,as judged by the elevated aspartate aminotransferase activity. In addition,P-selectin antibody treatment did not significantly reduced hepatic polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation after 120 min of perfusion. Histological evaluation of liver sections obtained at 120 min of perfusion showed significant oncotic necrosis in liver sections of both ischemic control and P-selectin antibody-treated groups. However,total bile production after 120 min of perfusion was signifi cantly greater in P-selectin antibody-treated livers,compared to control livers. No signifi cant difference in P-selectin and ICAM-1 mRNAs and proteins,GSH,GSSG,and nuclear NF-κB was found between control and P-selectin antibody-treated livers. CONCLUSION:In conclusion,we have shown that blockade of P-selectin alone failed to reduced polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation in the liver and protect hepatocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury in the isolated blood-perfused cold-ex vivo rat liver model. | Samuel Wyllie Neal R Barshes Saul J Karpen John A Goss | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，44： | 4 |
| 6 | Immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis in gastrointestinal malignancies and inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICI)have markedly changed the landscape of cancer therapy.By re-invigorating the immune system against tumors,ICI provide novel therapeutic options for a broad variety of malignancies,including many gastrointestinal(GI)cancers.However,these therapies can also induce autoimmune-like side effects in healthy tissue across the body.One of the most common of these side effects is ICI-mediated colitis and diarrhea(IMC).Here,we review the incidence and risk of IMC in ICI therapy,with a focus on what is known regarding IMC in patients with GI malignancies.We also discuss data available on the use of ICI and risk of IMC in patients with pre-existing inflammatory bowel disease,as these patients may have increased risk of IMC due to their underlying intestinal pathology. | Alexa R Weingarden Samuel J S Rubin John Gubatan | 2021 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2021，13，8： | 3 |
| 7 | A confidence limit for the empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert spectral analysis显示文摘 | Huang Norden E Wu Man-Li C Long Steven R Shen Samuel S.P Qu Wendong Gloersen Per Fan Kuang L | 2003 | Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences . 2003 (2037)2003，，2037： | 3 |
| 8 | p53-mediated transcriptional regulation and activation of the actin cytoskeleton regulatory RhoC to LIMK2 signaling pathway promotes cell survival显示文摘响应 DNA 损坏的房间命运的中央仲裁人是 p53,它调整涉及房间周期拘捕,幸存和 apoptosis 的基因的表示。尽管 DNA 损坏开始的许多回答被描绘了,肌动朊细胞骨架管理者的角色大部分是未知的。我们现在显示出那 RhoC 和秘鲁利玛机场之代号 kinase (LIMK2 ) 2 是 genotoxic 代理人导致的直接 p53 目标基因。尽管 RhoC 和 LIMK2 在肌动朊细胞骨架规定有生长得很好的角色,我们的结果显示 LIMK2 的激活也有支持幸存的功能追随者 DNA 损坏。由调停 siRNA 的击倒或选择的药理学封锁的 LIMK 抑制敏化房间到无线电 -- 或化疗,以便当与 LIMK 抑制结合了时,当单身地管理了时,是尚不致命的治疗导致了房间死亡。我们的调查结果建议把 LIMK 禁止者与 genotoxic 治疗相结合能比单个代理人的管理更有效,并且加亮在肌动朊细胞骨架管理者和 DNA 之间的一个新奇连接导致损坏的房间幸存机制。 | Daniel R Croft Diane Crighton Michael S Samuel Filipe C Lourenco June Munro Jenifer Wood Karim Bensaad Karen H Vousden Owen J Sansom Kevin M Ryan Michael F Olson | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，4： | 3 |
| 9 | Antimicrobial peptides and the gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Antimicrobial peptides(AMP)are highly diverse and dynamic molecules that are expressed by specific intestinal epithelial cells,Paneth cells,as well as immune cells in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.They play critical roles in maintaining tolerance to gut microbiota and protecting against enteric infections.Given that disruptions in tolerance to commensal microbiota and loss of barrier function play major roles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and converge on the function of AMP,the significance of AMP as potential biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets in IBD have been increasingly recognized in recent years.In this frontier article,we discuss the function and mechanisms of AMP in the GI tract,examine the interaction of AMP with the gut microbiome,explore the role of AMP in the pathogenesis of IBD,and review translational applications of AMP in patients with IBD. | John Gubatan Derek R Holman Christopher J Puntasecca Danielle Polevoi Samuel JS Rubin Stephan Rogalla | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，43： | 3 |
| 10 | Safety and efficacy of protease inhibitors to treat hepatitis C after liver transplantation: A multicenter experience显示文摘 | Audrey Coilly Bruno Roche Jér?me Dumortier Vincent Leroy Danielle Botta-Fridlund Sylvie Radenne Georges-Philippe Pageaux Si-Nafaa Si-Ahmed Olivier Guillaud Teresa Maria Antonini Stéphanie Ha?m-Boukobza Anne-Marie Roque-Afonso Didier Samuel Jean-Charles Du | 2014 | Journal of Hepatology2014，，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Filtered vacuum arc deposition of semiconductor thin film 显示文摘 | Boxman R L Samuel G Shalom A B | 1995 | IEEE Trans On Plasma Science1995，23，： | 2 |
| 12 | A confidence limit for the empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert spectral analysis显示文摘 | Huang Norden E Wu Man-Li C Long Steven R Shen Samuel S.P Qu Wendong Gloersen Per Fan Kuang L | 2003 | Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences2003，，2037： | 2 |
| 13 | The relaxin gene-knockout mouse: a model of progressive fibrosis 显示文摘 | SAMUEL C S ZHAO C BATHGATE R A | 2005 | Ann N Y Acad Sci2005，1041，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Relaxin deficiency in mice is associated with an age-related progression of pulmonary fibrosis显示文摘 | SAMUEL C S ZHAO C BATHGATE R A | 2003 | FASEB J2003，17，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Evaluation of intraoperative autotransfusion filtration for hepatectomy and pancreatectom 显示文摘 | Robert C Martin M Samuel R | 2005 | Ann Surg Oncol2005，12，11： | 1 |
| 16 | Pregnancy-associated thrombocytopenia: pathogenesis and management 显示文摘 | McCrae K R Samuels P Schreiber A D | 1992 | Blood1992，80，： | 1 |
| 17 | Molecular epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease virus显示文摘 | Knowles N J Samuel A R | 2003 | Virus Res2003，91，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Neurological outcome after surgical management of adult tethered cord syndrome 显示文摘 | Garces-Ambrossi G L McGirt M J Samuels R | 2009 | JNeurosurgSpine2009，11，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Artificial chaperone-assisted refolding of carbonic anhydrase B 显示文摘 | David R Samuel HG | 1996 | The Journal of Biological Chemistry1996，271，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Botryosphaeria and Fusicocctun species associated with ripe fruit rot of Actinidia deliciosa,kiwifruit in New Zealand 显示文摘 | Pennycook S R Samuels G J | 1985 | Mycotaxon1985，24，： | 1 |
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