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| 1 | Pathophysiology of cerebral oedema in acute liver failure显示文摘Cerebral oedema is a devastating consequence of acute liver failure(ALF)and may be associated with the development of intracranial hypertension and death.In ALF,some patients may develop cerebral oedema and increased intracranial pressure but progression to lifethreatening intracranial hypertension is less frequent than previously described,complicating less than one third of cases who have proceeded to coma since the advent of improved clinical care.The rapid onset of encephalopathy may be dramatic with the development of asterixis,delirium,seizures and coma.Cytotoxic and vasogenic oedema mechanisms have been implicated with a preponderance of experimental data favouring a cytotoxic mechanism.Astrocyte swelling is the most consistent neuropathological finding in humans with ALF and ammonia plays a definitive role in the development of cytotoxic brain oedema.The mechanism(s)by which ammonia induces astrocyte swelling remains unclear but glutamine accumulation within astrocytes has led to the osmolyte hypothesis.Current evidence also supports an alternate‘Trojan horse’hypothesis,with glutamine as a carrier of ammonia into mitochondria,where its accumulation results in oxidative stress,energy failure and ultimately astrocyte swelling.Although a complete breakdown of the blood-brain barrier is not evident in human ALF,increased permeation to water and other small molecules such as ammonia has been demonstrated resulting from subtle alterations in the protein composition of paracellular tight junctions.At present,there is no fully efficacious therapy for cerebral oedema other than liver transplantation and this reflects our incomplete knowledge of the precise mechanisms underlying this process which remain largely unknown. | Teresa R Scott Victoria T Kronsten Robin D Hughes Debbie L Shawcross | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 8 |
| 2 | Small molecules enable OCT4-mediated direct reprogramming into expandable human neural stem cells显示文摘 | Saiyong Zhu Raiesh Ambasudhan Woong Sun Hyun Jung Kim Maria Talantova Xiaojing Wang Mingliang Zhang Yu Zhang Timothy Laurent James Parker Han-Seop Kim Jeffrey D Zaremba Sofiyan Saleem Sara Sanz-Blasco Eliezer Masliah Scott R McKercher Yee Sook Cho Stuart A Lipton Janghwan Kim Sheng Ding | 2014 | Cell Research2014，24，1： | 6 |
| 3 | Nonlinear terahertz devices utilizing semiconducting plasmonic metamaterials显示文摘The development of responsive metamaterials has enabled the realization of compact tunable photonic devices capable of manipulating the amplitude,polarization,wave vector and frequency of light.Integration of semiconductors into the active regions of metallic resonators is a proven approach for creating nonlinear metamaterials through optoelectronic control of the semiconductor carrier density.Metal-free subwavelength resonant semiconductor structures offer an alternative approach to create dynamic metamaterials.We present InAs plasmonic disk arrays as a viable resonant metamaterial at terahertz frequencies.Importantly,InAs plasmonic disks exhibit a strong nonlinear response arising from electric field-induced intervalley scattering,resulting in a reduced carrier mobility thereby damping the plasmonic response.We demonstrate nonlinear perfect absorbers configured as either optical limiters or saturable absorbers,including flexible nonlinear absorbers achieved by transferring the disks to polyimide films.Nonlinear plasmonic metamaterials show potential for use in ultrafast terahertz(THz)optics and for passive protection of sensitive electromagnetic devices. | Huseyin R Seren Jingdi Zhang George R Keiser Scott J Maddox Xiaoguang Zhao Kebin Fan Seth R Bank Xin Zhang Richard D Averitt | 2016 | Light(Science & Applications)2016，5，1： | 4 |
| 4 | Quality in the technical performance of colonoscopy and the continuous quality improvement process for colonoscopy: recommendations of the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer显示文摘 | Douglas K Rex John H Bond Sidney Winawer Theodore R Levin Randall W Burt David A Johnson Lynne M Kirk Scott Litlin David A Lieberman Jerome D Waye James Church John B Marshall Robert H Riddell | 2002 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2002，，6： | 3 |
| 5 | Operating experience with modulation of the pacific HVDC inter-tie显示文摘 | Cresap R L Scott D N | 1978 | IEEE Trans on Power Apparatus andSystems1978，97，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Volumetric Analysis Predicts Hepatic Dysfunction in Patients Undergoing Major Liver Resection显示文摘 | Margo Shoup Mithat Gonen Michael D’Angelica William R Jarnagin Ronald P DeMatteo Lawrence H Schwartz Scott Tuorto Leslie H Blumgart Yuman Fong | 2003 | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2003，，3： | 2 |
| 7 | Safety,immunogenicity,and protection provided by unadjuvanted and adjuvanted formulations of a recombinant plant-derived virus-like particle vaccine candidate for COVID-19 in nonhuman primates显示文摘Although antivirals are important tools to control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection,effective vaccines are essential to control the current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Plant-derived virus-like particle(VLP)vaccine candidates have previously demonstrated immunogenicity and efficacy against influenza.Here,we report the immunogenicity and protection induced in rhesus macaques by intramuscular injections of a VLP bearing a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein(CoVLP)vaccine candidate formulated with or without Adjuvant System 03(AS03)or cytidine-phospho-guanosine(CpG)1018.Although a single dose of the unadjuvanted CoVLP vaccine candidate stimulated humoral and cell-mediated immune responses,booster immunization(at 28 days after priming)and adjuvant administration significantly improved both responses,with higher immunogenicity and protection provided by the AS03-adjuvanted CoVLP.Fifteen micrograms of CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03 induced a polyfunctional interleukin-2(IL-2)-driven response and IL-4 expression in CD4 T cells.Animals were challenged by multiple routes(i.e.,intratracheal,intranasal,and ocular)with a total viral dose of 106 plaque-forming units of SARS-CoV-2.Lower viral replication in nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)as well as fewer SARS-CoV-2-infected cells and immune cell infiltrates in the lungs concomitant with reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemotactic factors in the BALF were observed in animals immunized with the CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03.No clinical,pathologic,or virologic evidence of vaccineassociated enhanced disease was observed in vaccinated animals.The CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03 was therefore selected for vaccine development and clinical trials. | Stéphane Pillet Prabhu SArunachalam Guadalupe Andreani Nadia Golden Jane Fontenot Pyone Pyone Aye Katharina Röltgen Gabrielle Lehmicke Philipe Gobeil Charlotte Dubé Sonia Trépanier Nathalie Charland Marc-AndréD’Aoust Kasi Russell-Lodrigue Christopher Monjure Robert V.Blair Scott D.Boyd Rudolf P.Bohm Jay Rappaport François Villinger Nathalie Landry Bali Pulendran Brian J.Ward | 2022 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2022，19，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Association of the type 1 pro- tein phosphatase PPl with the A-kinase anchoring pro- tein AKAP220显示文摘 | Schillace R V Scott J D | 1999 | Curr Biol1999，9，： | 1 |
| 9 | The efficacy of spinosad against the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis,and its impact on associated biological control agents on greenhouse cucumbers in southern Ontario显示文摘 | Jones T Scott D C Harris R | 2005 | Pest Manag Sci2005，61，： | 1 |
| 10 | Land-use change: effects on soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus pools and fluxes in three adjacent ecosystems 显示文摘 | Ross D J Tate K R Scott N A | 1999 | Soil Biology and Biochemis try1999，31，： | 1 |
| 11 | Scrapie injected murine neuroblastoma cells produce proteaseresistant prion proteins 显示文摘 | Butler D A Scott M R D Prusiner S B | 1988 | J Virol1988，62，： | 1 |
| 12 | Rationale of the Knee Society clinical rating system显示文摘 | INSALL J N DORR L D SCOTT R D | 1989 | Clin Or- thop Relat Res1989，，248： | 1 |
| 13 | A behavioral approach to occupational safety:Pinpointing and reinforcing safe performance in a food manufacturing plant显示文摘 | Komaki J Barwick K D Scott L R | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 14 | Cross-validation of multivariate densities显示文摘 | SAIN S R BAGGERLYB K A SCOTT A D | 1994 | Journal of the American Statistical As- sociation1994，89，8： | 1 |
| 15 | China' s Rural Labor Market De- velopment and its Gender Implications 显示文摘 | Brauw Alan D Scott R | 2004 | China Economic Review2004，15，2： | 1 |
| 16 | A study on the interaction of xylanase and phytase enzymes in wheat-based diets fed to commercial white and brown egg laying hens 显示文摘 | Silversides F G Scott T A Korver D R | 2006 | Poultry Science2006，85，： | 1 |
| 17 | Joint analysis is more efficient than replication-based analysis for two-stage genome-wide association studies显示文摘 | Skol A D Scott L J Abecasis G R | 2006 | Nat Genet2006，38，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Total knee arthroplasty with the PFC system results at a minimum of ten years and survivorship analysis 显示文摘 | Schai P A Thornhill T S Scott R D | 1998 | J Bone Joint Surg Br1998，80，5： | 1 |
| 19 | North Viking Graben:An East African perspective显示文摘 | Scott D Rosendahl B R | 1989 | AAPG Bulletin1989，73，2： | 1 |
| 20 | PKI Elliptic Curve Cryptography,and Digital Signatures显示文摘 | William J C Edward P D Scott A R | 1999 | Computers and Security1999，18，： | 1 |
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