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| 1 | Global Wheat Head Detection(GWHD)Dataset:A Large and Diverse Dataset of High-Resolution RGB-Labelled Images to Develop and Benchmark Wheat Head Detection Methods显示文摘The detection of wheat heads in plant images is an important task for estimating pertinent wheat traits including head population density and head characteristics such as health,size,maturity stage,and the presence of awns.Several studies have developed methods for wheat head detection from high-resolution RGB imagery based on machine learning algorithms.However,these methods have generally been calibrated and validated on limited datasets.High variability in observational conditions,genotypic differences,development stages,and head orientation makes wheat head detection a challenge for computer vision.Further,possible blurring due to motion or wind and overlap between heads for dense populations make this task even more complex.Through a joint international collaborative effort,we have built a large,diverse,and well-labelled dataset of wheat images,called the Global Wheat Head Detection(GWHD)dataset.It contains 4700 high-resolution RGB images and 190000 labelled wheat heads collected from several countries around the world at different growth stages with a wide range of genotypes.Guidelines for image acquisition,associating minimum metadata to respect FAIR principles,and consistent head labelling methods are proposed when developing new head detection datasets.The GWHD dataset is publicly available at http://gffzzef49fa24bca249bbhx95bvnx0vxcv6w6n.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/and aimed at developing and benchmarking methods for wheat head detection. | Etienne David Simon Madec Pouria Sadeghi-Tehran Helge Aasen Bangyou Zheng Shouyang Liu Norbert Kirchgessner Goro Ishikawa Koichi Nagasawa Minhajul A.Badhon Curtis Pozniak Benoit de Solan Andreas Hund Scott C.Chapman Frédéric Baret Ian Stavness Wei Guo | 2020 | Plant Phenomics2020，2，1： | 13 |
| 2 | Consequences of bullying victimization in childhood and adolescence:A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM To identify health and psychosocial problems associated with bullying victimization and conduct a meta-analysis summarizing the causal evidence.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using Pub Med, EMBASE, ERIC and Psyc INFO electronic databases up to 28 February 2015. The study included published longitudinal and cross-sectional articles that examined health and psychosocial consequences of bullying victimization. All meta-analyses were based on qualityeffects models. Evidence for causality was assessed using Bradford Hill criteria and the grading system developed by the World Cancer Research Fund.RESULTS Out of 317 articles assessed for eligibility, 165 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for meta-analysis.Statistically significant associations were observed between bullying victimization and a wide range of adverse health and psychosocial problems. The evidence was strongest for causal associations between bullying victimization and mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, poor general health and suicidal ideation and behaviours. Probable causal associations existed between bullying victimization and tobacco and illicit drug use. CONCLUSION Strong evidence exists for a causal relationship between bullying victimization, mental health problems and substance use. Evidence also exists for associations between bullying victimization and other adverse health and psychosocial problems, however, there is insufficient evidence to conclude causality. The strong evidence that bullying victimization is causative of mental illness highlights the need for schools to implement effective interventions to address bullying behaviours. | Sophie E Moore Rosana E Norman Shuichi Suetani Hannah J Thomas Peter D Sly James G Scott | 2017 | World Journal of Psychiatry2017，7，1： | 12 |
| 3 | Passive expansion of sub-maximally dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts and assessment of clinical outcomes显示文摘AIM To assess for passive expansion of sub-maximally dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts(TIPS) and compare outcomes with maximally dilated TIPS.METHODS Polytetrafluoroethylene covered TIPS(Viatorr) from July 2002 to December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed at two hospitals in a single institution. Two hundred and thirty patients had TIPS maximally dilated to 10 mm(m TIPS), while 43 patients who were at increased risk for hepatic encephalopathy(HE), based on clinical evaluation or low pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient(PSG), had 10 mm TIPS sub-maximally dilated to 8 mm(sm TIPS). Group characteristics(age, gender, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, post-TIPS PSG and clinical outcomes were compared between groups, including clinical success(ascites or varices), primary patency,primary assisted patency, and severe post-TIPS HE. A subset of fourteen patients with sm TIPS underwent follow-up computed tomography imaging after TIPS creation, and were grouped based on time of imaging(< 6 mo and > 6 mo). Change in diameter and crosssectional area were measured with 3D imaging software to evaluate for passive expansion.RESULTS Patient characteristics were similar between the sm TIPS and m TIPS groups, except for pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient, which was lower in the sm TIPS group(19.4 mm Hg ± 6.8 vs 22.4 mm Hg ± 7.1, P = 0.01). Primary patency and primary assisted patency between sm TIPS and m TIPS was not significantly different(P = 0.64 and 0.55, respectively). Four of the 55 patients(7%) with sm TIPS required TIPS reduction for severe refractory HE, while this occurred in 6 of the 218 patients(3%) with m TIPS(P = 0.12). For the 14 patients with follow-up computed tomography(CT) imaging, the median imaging follow-up was 373 d. There was an increase in median TIPS diameter, median percent diameter change, median area, and median percent area change in patients with CT follow-up greater than 6 mo after TIPS placement compared to follow-up within 6 mo(8.45 mm, 5.58%, 56.04 mm^2, and 11.48%, respectively, P = 0.01).CONCLUSION Passive expansion of sm TIPS does occur but clinical outcomes of sm TIPS and m TIPS were similar. Sub-maximal dilation can prevent complications related to overshunting in select patients. | Michael C Hsu Charles N Weber S William Stavropoulos Timothy W Clark Scott O Trerotola Richard D Shlansky Goldberg Michael C Soulen Gregory J Nadolski | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，12： | 11 |
| 4 | Management of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Patient and physician communication challenges and shared decision making显示文摘Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) is a common upper esophageal condition and typical symptoms can include heartburn and sensation of regurgitation while atypical symptoms include chronic cough, asthma, hoarseness, dyspepsia and nausea. Typically, diag-nosis is presumptive given the presence of typical and atypical symptoms and is an indication for empiric therapy. Treatment management can include lifestyle modifications and/or medication therapy with proton pump inhibitor(PPI) class being the preferred and most effective. Complete symptom resolution is not always achieved and long-term PPI therapy can put patients at risk for serious side effects and needless expense. The brain-gut connection and hypervigilance plays an important role in symptom resolution and treatment success, especially in the case of non-PPI responders. Hypervigilance is a combination of increased esophageal sensory sensitivity in combination with exaggerated threat perception surrounding esophageal symptoms. Hypervigilance requires a different approach to GERD managements, where continued PPI therapy and surgery are usually not recommended. Rather, helping physicians and patients understand the brain-gut connection can guide and improve care.Education and reassurance should be the main pillars or treatment. However, it is important not to suggest the symptoms are due to anxiety alone, this often leads to patient dissatisfaction. Patient dissatisfaction with treatment reveals the need for a more patient-centered approach to GERD management and better communication between patients and providers. Shared decision making(SDM) with the incorporation of patient-reported outcomes(PRO) promotes patient adherence and satisfaction. SDM is a joint discussion between clinician and patient in which a mutually shared solution is explored for GERD symptoms. For SDM to work the physician needs to capture patients' perceptions which may not be obtained in the standard interview. This can be done through the use of PROs which promote a dialogue with patients about their symptoms and treatment priorities in the context of the SDM patient encounter. SDM could potentially help in the management of patient expectations for GERD treatment, ultimately positively impacting their health-related quality of life. | Scott Klenzak Igor Danelisen Grace D Brannan Melissa A Holland Miranda AL van Tilburg | 2018 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2018，6，15： | 10 |
| 5 | Pathophysiology of cerebral oedema in acute liver failure显示文摘Cerebral oedema is a devastating consequence of acute liver failure(ALF)and may be associated with the development of intracranial hypertension and death.In ALF,some patients may develop cerebral oedema and increased intracranial pressure but progression to lifethreatening intracranial hypertension is less frequent than previously described,complicating less than one third of cases who have proceeded to coma since the advent of improved clinical care.The rapid onset of encephalopathy may be dramatic with the development of asterixis,delirium,seizures and coma.Cytotoxic and vasogenic oedema mechanisms have been implicated with a preponderance of experimental data favouring a cytotoxic mechanism.Astrocyte swelling is the most consistent neuropathological finding in humans with ALF and ammonia plays a definitive role in the development of cytotoxic brain oedema.The mechanism(s)by which ammonia induces astrocyte swelling remains unclear but glutamine accumulation within astrocytes has led to the osmolyte hypothesis.Current evidence also supports an alternate‘Trojan horse’hypothesis,with glutamine as a carrier of ammonia into mitochondria,where its accumulation results in oxidative stress,energy failure and ultimately astrocyte swelling.Although a complete breakdown of the blood-brain barrier is not evident in human ALF,increased permeation to water and other small molecules such as ammonia has been demonstrated resulting from subtle alterations in the protein composition of paracellular tight junctions.At present,there is no fully efficacious therapy for cerebral oedema other than liver transplantation and this reflects our incomplete knowledge of the precise mechanisms underlying this process which remain largely unknown. | Teresa R Scott Victoria T Kronsten Robin D Hughes Debbie L Shawcross | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 8 |
| 6 | Polymorphism in the interleukin-17A promoter contributes to gastric cancer显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the contribution of the G-197A polymorphism in the interleukin-17(IL-17)promoter region to gastric cancer risk in an Iranian population.METHODS:We performed a case control study using samples from 161 individuals with gastric cancer and171 healthy controls.For each individual,the G-197A genotype was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified fragments.Statistical analyses were performed to determine whether any demographic or behavioral factors,infection with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),or a particular G-197A genotype was associated with gastric cancer risk.RESULTS:We found that the G-197A genotype wassignificantly associated with increased gastric cancer risk(P=0.001).Patients who were homozygous(AA)at position-197 were 2.9 times more likely to develop disease(95%CI:1.56-5.4;P=0.001).Furthermore,logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of a single A allele increased the risk of gastric cancer up to 1.7-fold(95%CI:1.26-2.369;P=0.001).This association was observed for early stage gastric adenocarcinomas only,and was not linked to H.pylori infection.CONCLUSION:These results suggest that carrying one or more G-197A polymorphisms at position-197 in the IL-17 promoter region significantly increases gastric cancer risk in this patient population. | Alireza Rafiei Vahid Hosseini Ghasem Janbabai Abuzar Ghorbani Abulghasem Ajami Touraj Farzmandfar Maedeh Darzyani Azizi Jeremy J Gilbreath D Scott Merrell | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，34： | 7 |
| 7 | Inpatient capsule endoscopy leads to frequent incomplete small bowel examinations显示文摘AIM:To examine the predictive factors of capsule endoscopy(CE) completion rate(CECR) including the effect of inpatient and outpatient status.METHODS:We identified 355 consecutive patients who completed CE at Rush University Medical Center between March 2003 and October 2005.Subjects for CE had either nothing by mouth or clear liquids for the afternoon and evening of the day before the procedure.CE exams were reviewed by two physicians who were unaware of the study hypotheses.After retrospective analysis,21 cases were excluded due to capsule malfunction,prior gastric surgery,endoscopic capsule placement or insufficient data.Of the remaining 334 exams [264 out-patient(OP),70 in-patient(IP)],CE indications,findings,location of the patients [IP vs OP and intensive care unit(ICU) vs general medical floor(GMF)] and gastrointestinal transit times were analyzed.Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS version 17(Chicago,IL).Chi-square,t test or fisher exact-tests were used as appropriate.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables associated with incomplete CE exams.RESULTS:The mean age for the entire study population was 54.7 years.Sixty-one percent of the study population was female,and gender was not different between IPs vs OPs(P = 0.07).The overall incomplete CECR was 14% in our study.Overt obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGB) was a significantly more common indication for the IP CE(P = 0.0001),while abdominal pain and assessment of IBD were more frequent indications for the OP CE exams(P = 0.002 and P = 0.01,respectively).Occult OGB was the most common indication and arteriovenous malformations were the most common finding both in the IPs and OPs.The capsule did not enter the small bowel(SB) in 6/70 IPs and 8/264 OPs(P = 0.04).The capsule never reached the cecum in 31.4%(22/70) of IP vs 9.5%(25/264) of OP examinations(P < 0.001).The mean gastric transit time(GTT) was delayed in IPs compared to OPs,98.5 ± 139.5 min vs 60.4 ± 92.6 min(P = 0.008).Minimal SB transit time was significantly prolonged in the IP compared to the OP setting [IP = 275.1 ±111.6 min vs OP = 244.0 ± 104.3 min(P = 0.037)].CECR was also significantly higher in the subgroup of patients with OGB who had OP vs IP exams(95% vs 80% respectively,P = 0.001).The proportion of patients with incomplete exams was higher in the ICU(n = 7/13,54%) as compared to the GMF(n = 15/57,26%)(P = 0.05).There was only a single permanent SB retention case which was secondary to a previously unknown SB stricture,and the remaining incomplete SB exams were due to slow transit.Medications which affect gastrointestinal system motility were tested both individually and also in aggregate in univariate analysis in hospitalized patients(ICU and GMF) and were not predictive of incomplete capsule passage(P > 0.05).Patient location(IP vs OP) and GTT were independent predictors of incomplete CE exams(P < 0.001 and P = 0.008,respectively).CONCLUSION:Incomplete CE is a multifactorial problem.Patient location and related factors such as severity of illness and sedentary status may contribute to incomplete exams. | Cemal Yazici John Losurdo Michael D Brown Scott Oosterveen Robert Rahimi Ali Keshavarzian Leila Bozorgnia Ece Mutlu | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，36： | 6 |
| 8 | Small molecules enable OCT4-mediated direct reprogramming into expandable human neural stem cells显示文摘 | Saiyong Zhu Raiesh Ambasudhan Woong Sun Hyun Jung Kim Maria Talantova Xiaojing Wang Mingliang Zhang Yu Zhang Timothy Laurent James Parker Han-Seop Kim Jeffrey D Zaremba Sofiyan Saleem Sara Sanz-Blasco Eliezer Masliah Scott R McKercher Yee Sook Cho Stuart A Lipton Janghwan Kim Sheng Ding | 2014 | Cell Research2014，24，1： | 6 |
| 9 | 妊娠期高血压疾病对远期心血管病的影响显示文摘对妇女妊娠期高血压疾病(hypertensive disorder of pregnancy,HDP)史的研究,可能有助于改善动脉粥样硬化性心血管病的风险评估。但是,有HDP既往史的中年无症状妇女在未来患心血管病的风险仍未知。该研究旨在探讨有或无HDP既往史的中年女性心血管病的远期发病率。纳入标准:在前瞻性、观察性英国生物资料库中,纳入40~69岁并至少有一活产的英国妇女,对其中一亚组妇女进行了无创性动脉硬度测量。 | 周卫(译) 叶鹏(摘、审校) Honigberg MC Zekavat SM Aragam K Klarin D Bhatt DL Scott NS Peloso GM Natarajan P | 2020 | 中华高血压杂志2020，28，2： | 6 |
| 10 | The fidelity of DNA synthesis by eukaryotic replicative and translesion synthesis polymerases显示文摘在他们描述脱氧核糖核酸双螺旋,沃森和克里克的结构写了什么可以是在科学文学的最大的保守的陈述之一的精液的出版,也就是那“这没疏忽特定的配对我们立即要求了为遗传物质建议可能的拷贝机制。“半个世纪以后,我们更充分欣赏它是与精确性复制 60 亿核苷酸的巨大的挑战需要稳定地在许多代上维持人的染色体的。这挑战也许比大 50 年以前被认识到,因为随后的研究表明了染色体能被在脱氧核糖核酸而且由现在质问到复制的正常脱氧核糖核酸的各种各样的顺序主题产生潜在地细胞毒素、诱变的损害的一个大数字和变化的环境压力使动摇不仅。向染色体稳定性的许多决定因素的更好的理解,这章考察 undamaged 和损坏脱氧核糖核酸与被拷贝的忠实,与真核细胞的 B 家庭和 Y 家庭 DNA 的一个焦点,并且考虑这忠实怎么被完成。 | Scott D McCulloch Thomas A Kunkel | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，1： | 5 |
| 11 | Acute kidney injury and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis显示文摘Acute kidney injury(AKI)in cirrhosis,including hepatorenal syndrome(HRS),is a common and serious complication in cirrhotic patients,leading to significant morbidity and mortality.AKI is separated into two categories,non-HRS AKI and HRS-AKI.The most recent definition and diagnostic criteria of AKI in cirrhosis and HRS have helped diagnose and prognosticate the disease.The pathophysiology behind non-HRS-AKI and HRS is more complicated than once theorized and involves more processes than just splanchnic vasodilation.The common biomarkers clinicians use to assess kidney injury have significant limitations in cirrhosis patients;novel biomarkers being studied have shown promise but require further studies in clinical settings and animal models.The overall management of non-HRS AKI and HRS-AKI requires a systematic approach.Although pharmacological treatments have shown mortality benefit,the ideal HRS treatment option is liver transplantation with or without simultaneous kidney transplantation.Further research is required to optimize pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic approaches to treatment.This article reviews the current guidelines and recommendations of AKI in cirrhosis. | Kapil Gupta Abhishek Bhurwal Cindy Law Scott Ventre Carlos D Minacapelli Savan Kabaria You Li Christopher Tait Carolyn Catalano Vinod K Rustgi | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，26： | 5 |
| 12 | Nonlinear terahertz devices utilizing semiconducting plasmonic metamaterials显示文摘The development of responsive metamaterials has enabled the realization of compact tunable photonic devices capable of manipulating the amplitude,polarization,wave vector and frequency of light.Integration of semiconductors into the active regions of metallic resonators is a proven approach for creating nonlinear metamaterials through optoelectronic control of the semiconductor carrier density.Metal-free subwavelength resonant semiconductor structures offer an alternative approach to create dynamic metamaterials.We present InAs plasmonic disk arrays as a viable resonant metamaterial at terahertz frequencies.Importantly,InAs plasmonic disks exhibit a strong nonlinear response arising from electric field-induced intervalley scattering,resulting in a reduced carrier mobility thereby damping the plasmonic response.We demonstrate nonlinear perfect absorbers configured as either optical limiters or saturable absorbers,including flexible nonlinear absorbers achieved by transferring the disks to polyimide films.Nonlinear plasmonic metamaterials show potential for use in ultrafast terahertz(THz)optics and for passive protection of sensitive electromagnetic devices. | Huseyin R Seren Jingdi Zhang George R Keiser Scott J Maddox Xiaoguang Zhao Kebin Fan Seth R Bank Xin Zhang Richard D Averitt | 2016 | Light(Science & Applications)2016，5，1： | 4 |
| 13 | Silvicultural alternatives to conventional even-aged forest man-agement-what limits global adoption?显示文摘Background: The development of forestry as a scientific and management discipline over the last two centuries has mainly emphasized intensive management operations focused on increased commodity production, mostly wood. This 'conventional' forest management approach has typically favored production of even-aged, single-species stands. While alternative management regimes have generally received less attention, this has been changing over the last three decades, especially in countries with developed economies. Reasons for this change include a combination of new information and concerns about the ecological consequences of intensive forestry practices and a willingness on the part of many forest owners and society to embrace a wider set of management objectives. Alternative silvicultural approaches are characterized by a set of fundamental principles, including avoidance of clearcutting, an emphasis on structural diversity and small-scale variability, deployment of mixed species with natural regeneration,and avoidance of intensive site-preparation methods.Methods: Our compilation of the authors' experiences and perspectives from various parts of the world aims to initiate a larger discussion concerning the constraints to and the potential of adopting alternative silvicultural practices.Results: The results suggest that a wider adoption of alternative silvicultural practices is currently hindered by a suite of ecological, economic, logistical, informational, cultural, and historical constraints. Individual contexts display their own unique combinations and relative significance of these constraints, and accordingly, targeted efforts, such as regulations and incentives, may help to overcome specific challenges.Conclusions: In a broader context, we propose that less emphases on strict applications of principles and on stand structures might provide additional flexibility and facilitate the adoption of alternative silvicultural regimes in a broader set of circumstances. At the same time, the acceptance of alternative silvicultural systems as the 'preferred or default mode of management' wil necessitate and benefit from the continued development of the scientific basis and valuation of a variety of ecosystem goods and services. This publication is aimed to further the discussion in this context. | Klaus J Puettmann Scott McG Wilson Susan C Baker Pablo J Donoso Lars Dr?ssler Girma Amente Brian D Harvey Thomas Knoke Yuanchang Lu Susanna Nocentini Francis E Putz Toshiya Yoshida Jürgen Bauhus | 2015 | Forest Ecosystems2015，2，2： | 4 |
| 14 | Inducible nitric oxide synthetase genotype and Helicobacter pylori infection affect gastric cancer risk显示文摘AIM:To investigate the association of the inducible nitric oxide synthetase(iNOS) C150T polymorphism with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection and gastric cancer(GC) risk in Iran.METHODS:In order to determine whether there was a correlation between iNOS genotype and GC in Iran,we conducted a case-control study using samples from 329 individuals.For each sample,the C150T iNOS polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and restriction digestion.Patients were grouped by cancer presence,demographic and behavior characteristics,and H.pylori infection status.Statistical tests were conducted to determine whether any behavioral factors or a particular iNOS genotype was associated with GC in the study population.RESULTS:In this population,we found that smoking,hot beverage consumption,a familial history of GC and H.pylori infection status were significantly associated with GC development(P = 0.015,P < 0.001,P = 0.0034,and P < 0.015,respectively).The distribution of the C150T iNOS genotypes among the two study groups was not statistically significant alone,but was impacted by H.pylori infection status.When compared to the non-H.pylori infected group,cancer patients who had a heterozygous CT genotype and were also infected with H.pylori were 2.1 times more at risk of developing GC [odds ratio(OR) = 2.1,P = 0.03] while those with a homozygous TT genotype and infected with H.pylori were 5.0 times more at risk of developing GC(OR = 5.0,P = 0.029).In contrast,this association was not seen in patients in the control group.CONCLUSION:A CT or TT polymorphism at position 150 in the iNOS gene significantly increases the risk of GC and may be a marker for GC susceptibility. | Alireza Rafiei Vahid Hosseini Ghasem Janbabai Bahman Fazli Abulghasem Ajami Zahra Hosseini-khah Jeremy J Gilbreath D Scott Merrell | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，35： | 4 |
| 15 | Quality in the technical performance of colonoscopy and the continuous quality improvement process for colonoscopy: recommendations of the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer显示文摘 | Douglas K Rex John H Bond Sidney Winawer Theodore R Levin Randall W Burt David A Johnson Lynne M Kirk Scott Litlin David A Lieberman Jerome D Waye James Church John B Marshall Robert H Riddell | 2002 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2002，，6： | 3 |
| 16 | Single vs dual(en bloc) kidney transplants from donors ≤ 5 years of age: A single center experience显示文摘AIM: To compare outcomes between single and dual en bloc(EB) kidney transplants(KT) from small pediatric donors. METHODS: Monocentric nonprospective review of KTs from pediatric donors ≤ 5 years of age. Dual EB KT was defined as keeping both donor kidneys attached tothe inferior vena cava and aorta, which were then used as venous and arterial conduits for the subsequent transplant into a single recipient. Donor age was less useful than either donor weight or kidney size in decision-making for kidney utilization as kidneys from donors < 8 kg or kidneys < 6 cm in length were not transplanted. Post-transplant management strategies were standardized in all patients.RESULTS: From 2002-2015, 59 KTs were performed including 34 dual EB and 25 single KTs. Mean age of donors(17 mo vs 38 mo, P < 0.001), mean weight(11.0 kg vs 17.4 kg, P = 0.046) and male donors(50% vs 84%, P = 0.01) were lower in the dual EB compared to the single KT group, respectively. Mean cold ischemia time(21 h), kidney donor profile index(KDPI; 73% vs 62%) and levels of serum creatinine(SCr, 0.37 mg/d L vs 0.49 mg/d L, all P = NS) were comparable in the dual EB and single KT groups, respectively. Actuarial graft and patient survival rates at 5-years follow-up were comparable. There was one case of thrombosis resulting in graft loss in each group. Delayed graft function incidence(12% dual EB vs 20% single KT, P = NS) was slightly lower in dual EB KT recipients. Initial duration of hospital stay(mean 5.4 d vs 5.6 d) and the one-year incidences of acute rejection(6% vs 16%), operative complications(3% vs 4%), and major infection were comparable in the dual EB and single KT groups, respectively(all P = NS). Mean 12 mo SCr and abbreviated MDRD levels were 1.17 mg/d L vs 1.35 mg/d L and 72.5 m L/min per 1.73 m^2 vs 60.5 m L/min per 1.73 m^2(both P = NS) in the dual EB and single KT groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: By transplanting kidneys from young pediatric donors into adult recipients, one can effectively expand the limited donor pool and achieve excellent medium-term outcomes. | Yousef Al-Shraideh Umar Farooq Hany El-Hennawy Alan C Farney Amudha Palanisamy Jeffrey Rogers Giuseppe Orlando Muhammad Khan Amber Reeves-Daniel William Doares Scott Kaczmorski Michael D Gautreaux Samy S Iskandar Gloria Hairston Elizabeth Brim Margaret Mangus Robert J Stratta | 2016 | World Journal of Transplantation2016，6，1： | 3 |
| 17 | The angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a phase 2 double-blind randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Scott D Solomon Michael Zile Burkert Pieske Adriaan Voors Amil Shah Elisabeth Kraigher-Krainer Victor Shi Toni Bransford Madoka Takeuchi Jianjian Gong Martin Lefkowitz Milton Packer John JV McMurray | 2012 | 2012 (9851)2012，，9851： | 3 |
| 18 | 跨音速转子叶顶泄漏流/主流交界面的前移机制显示文摘采用数值计算和实验研究相结合的方法,研究了跨音速转子叶顶泄漏流与主流交界面轴向位置随流量的变化规律和机制。该跨音转子是美国圣母大学一级半跨音速压气机转子。研究发现机匣壁面脉线分布能够定性反映壁面轴向剪切应力分布,可用来识别叶顶泄漏流与主流的交界面位置。通过机匣壁面的脉线分布,可以看出机匣壁面存在两条零剪切应力线。第一条零剪切应力线表示来流与叶顶泄漏流之间交界面的时间和周向平均轴向位置,在小流量工况下交界面靠近顶部叶片的前缘。计算和实验结果都表明,随着质量流量的减小,叶顶泄漏流与主流交界面的轴向位置不断向叶片前缘移动。在近失速点,交界面到达叶片前缘,泄漏流即将溢出。泄漏流与主流的轴向动量比随流量减小不断增大的变化规律进一步说明,间隙区域泄漏流与主流的轴向动量平衡是导致交界面不断前移直至溢出的内在机制。 | 杜娟 林峰 陈静宜 Mark H Ross Joshua D Cameron Scott C Morris | 2011 | 工程热物理学报2011，32，6： | 3 |
| 19 | Global Wheat Head Detection 2021:An Improved Dataset for Benchmarking Wheat Head Detection Methods显示文摘The Global Wheat Head Detection(GWHD)dataset was created in 2020 and has assembled 193,634 labelled wheat heads from 4700 RGB images acquired from various acquisition platforms and 7 countries/institutions.With an associated competition hosted in Kaggle,GWHD_2020 has successfully attracted attention from both the computer vision and agricultural science communities.From this first experience,a few avenues for improvements have been identified regarding data size,head diversity,and label reliability.To address these issues,the 2020 dataset has been reexamined,relabeled,and complemented by adding 1722 images from 5 additional countries,allowing for 81,553 additional wheat heads.We now release in 2021 a new version of the Global Wheat Head Detection dataset,which is bigger,more diverse,and less noisy than the GWHD_2020 version. | Etienne David Mario Serouart Daniel Smith Simon Madec Kaaviya Velumani Shouyang Liu Xu Wang Francisco Pinto Shahameh Shafiee Izzat SATahir Hisashi Tsujimoto Shuhei Nasuda Bangyou Zheng Norbert Kirchgessner Helge Aasen Andreas Hund Pouria Sadhegi-Tehran Koichi Nagasawa Goro Ishikawa Sébastien Dandrifosse Alexis Carlier Benjamin Dumont Benoit Mercatoris Byron Evers Ken Kuroki Haozhou Wang Masanori Ishii Minhajul ABadhon Curtis Pozniak David Shaner LeBauer Morten Lillemo Jesse Poland Scott Chapman Benoit de Solan Frédéric Baret Ian Stavness Wei Guo | 2021 | Plant Phenomics2021，3，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Chronic liver disease in Aboriginal North Americans显示文摘A structured literature review was performed to detail the frequency and etiology of chronic liver disease (CLD) in Aboriginal North Americans. CLD affects Aboriginal North Americans disproportionately and is now one of the most common causes of death. Alcoholic liver disease is the leading etiology of CLD, but viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis C, is an important and growing cause of CLD. High rates of autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) are reported in regions of coastal British Columbia and southeastern Alaska. Non-alcoholic liver disease is a common, but understudied, cause of CLD. Future research should monitor the incidence and etiology of CLD and should be geographically inclusive. In addition, more research is needed on the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in this population. | John D Scott Naomi Garland | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，29： | 2 |
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