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| 1 | State-of-the-art review of soft computing applications in underground excavations显示文摘Soft computing techniques are becoming even more popular and particularly amenable to model the complex behaviors of most geotechnical engineering systems since they have demonstrated superior predictive capacity,compared to the traditional methods.This paper presents an overview of some soft computing techniques as well as their applications in underground excavations.A case study is adopted to compare the predictive performances of soft computing techniques including eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost),Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines(MARS),Artificial Neural Networks(ANN),and Support Vector Machine(SVM) in estimating the maximum lateral wall deflection induced by braced excavation.This study also discusses the merits and the limitations of some soft computing techniques,compared with the conventional approaches available. | Wengang Zhang Runhong Zhang Chongzhi Wu Anthony Teck Chee Goh Suzanne Lacasse Zhongqiang Liu Hanlong Liu | 2020 | Geoscience Frontiers2020，11，4： | 33 |
| 2 | Estimation of diaphragm wall deflections for deep braced excavation in anisotropic clays using ensemble learning显示文摘This paper adopts the NGI-ADP soil model to carry out finite element analysis,based on which the effects of soft clay anisotropy on the diaphragm wall deflections in the braced excavation were evaluated.More than one thousand finite element cases were numerically analyzed,followed by extensive parametric studies.Surrogate models were developed via ensemble learning methods(ELMs),including the e Xtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost),and Random Forest Regression(RFR)to predict the maximum lateral wall deformation(δhmax).Then the results of ELMs were compared with conventional soft computing methods such as Decision Tree Regression(DTR),Multilayer Perceptron Regression(MLPR),and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines(MARS).This study presents a cutting-edge application of ensemble learning in geotechnical engineering and a reasonable methodology that allows engineers to determine the wall deflection in a fast,alternative way. | Runhong Zhang Chongzhi Wu Anthony T.C.Goh Thomas Bohlke Wengang Zhang | 2021 | Geoscience Frontiers2021，12，1： | 9 |
| 3 | A drug from poison:how the therapeutic effect of arsenic trioxide on acute promyelocytic leukemia was discovered显示文摘It is surprising that,while arsenic trioxide(ATO) is now considered as 'the single most active agent in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL)',the most important discoverer remains obscure and his original papers have not been cited by a single English paper.The discovery was made during the Cultural Revolution when most Chinese scientists and doctors struggled to survive.Beginning with recipes from a countryside practitioner that were vague in applicable diseases,Zhang TingDong and colleagues proposed in the 1970s that a single chemical in the recipe is most effective and that its target is APL.More than 20 years of work by Zhang and colleagues eliminated the confusions about whether and how ATO can be used effectively.Other researchers,first in China and then in the West,followed his lead.Retrospective analysis of data from his own group proved that APL was indeed the most sensitive target.Removal of a trace amount of mercury chloride from the recipe by another group in his hospital proved that only ATO was required.Publication of Western replication in 1998 made the therapy widely accepted,though neither Western,nor Chinese authors of English papers on ATO cited Zhang's papers in the 1970s.This article focuses on the early papers of Zhang,but also suggests it worth further work to validate Chinese reports of ATO treatment of other cancers,and infers that some findings published in Chinese journals are of considerable value to patients and that doctors from other countries can benefit from the clinical experience of Chinese doctors with the largest population of patients. | RAO Yi LI RunHong ZHANG DaQing | 2013 | Science China(Life Sciences)2013，56，6： | 7 |
| 4 | Influence of groundwater drawdown on excavation responses e A case history in Bukit Timah granitic residual soils显示文摘Performances of a braced cut-and-cover excavation system for mass rapid transit(MRT) stations of the Downtown Line Stage 2 in Singapore are presented. The excavation was carried out in the Bukit Timah granitic(BTG) residual soils and characterized by significant groundwater drawdown, due to dewatering work in complex site conditions, insufficient effective waterproof measures and more permeable soils. A two-dimensional numerical model was developed for back analysis of retaining wall movement and ground surface settlement. Comparisons of these measured excavation responses with the calculated performances were carried out, upon which the numerical simulation procedures were calibrated. In addition, the influences of groundwater drawdown on the wall deflection and ground surface settlement were numerically investigated and summarized. The performances were also compared with some commonly used empirical charts, and the results indicated that these charts are less applicable for cases with significant groundwater drawdowns. It is expected that these general behaviors will provide useful references and insights for future projects involving excavation in BTG residual soils under significant groundwater drawdowns. | Wengang Zhang Wei Wang Dong Zhou Runhong Zhang A.T.C. Goh Zhongjie Hou | 2018 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2018，10，5： | 5 |
| 5 | Environmental behaviors of phoxim with two formulations in bamboo forest under soil surface mulching显示文摘Phoxim(emulsifiable concentrate(EC) and granules(G)) has been widely used in bamboo forests. The persistence and magnitude of phoxim residues in the crop and soil must be investigated to ensure human and environmental safety. The environmental behaviors of the two formulations were investigated in a bamboo forest under soil surface mulching conditions(CP) and non-covered cultivation conditions(NCP). The half-lives of phoxim in soil under the two conditions in soil were 4.1–6.2 days(EC) and 31.5–49.5 days(G),respectively. Phoxim in EC could be leached from the topsoil into the subsoil. A minimized leaching effect was observed for G under NCP. Inversely, an enhanced leaching effect was observed for G under CP. The G formulation resulted in more parent compound(in bamboo shoots) and metabolite(in soil) residues of phoxim than in the case of EC, especially under CP conditions. In addition, the intensity and duration of the formulation effect on soil p H adjustment from G were more obvious than that from EC. Results showed that the environmental behaviors(distribution, degradation, residue) of phoxim in the bamboo forest were significantly influenced by the type of formulation. The prolongation effect from phoxim G might cause persistence and long-term environmental risk. However,bamboo shoot consumption could be considered relatively safe after applying the recommended dose of the two phoxim formulations. | Yihua Liu Zhanglin Ni Runhong Mo Danyu Shen Donglian Zhong Fubin Tang | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，9： | 2 |
| 6 | Performance of braced excavation in residual soil with groundwater drawdown显示文摘In densely built-up Singapore,relatively stiffsecant-bored piles and diaphragm walls are commonly used in cut-and-cover works to minimize the impact of ground movement on the adjacent structures and utilities.For excavations in stiffresidual soil deposits,the asso-ciated wall deflections and ground settlements are generally smaller than for excavations in soft soil deposits.However,if the residual soil permeability is high and the underlying rock is highlyfissured or fractured,substantial groundwater drawdown and associated seepage-induced settlement may occur.In this study,the excavation performance of four sites in residual soil deposits with maximum excavation depths between 20 and 24 m is presented.The maximum wall deflections were found to be relatively small compared to the significantly larger maximum ground settlements,owing to the extensive lowering of the groundwater table.In this paper,details of the subsurface conditions,excavation support system,field instrumentation,and observed excavation responses are presented,with particular focus on the large groundwater drawdown and associated ground settlement.Specific issues encountered during the excavation,as well as the effectiveness of various groundwater control measures,are discussed.The case studies will provide useful references and insights for future projects involving braced excavations in residual soil. | W.G.Zhang A.T.C.Goh K.H.Goh O.Y.S.Chew D.Zhou Runhong Zhang | 2018 | Underground Space2018，3，2： | 2 |
| 7 | Research of moving targets detection and imaging by SAR显示文摘 | PAN Runhong LI Gang ZHU Xixing | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 8 | An efficient one-pot,three-component synthesis of indenoquinolin-9,11(6H,10H)-dione,acridine-1,8(2H,5H)-dione and quinoline-3-carbonitrile derivatives from enaminones显示文摘 | Tu Shujiang Jiang Bo Jia Runhong | 2006 | Org Biomol Chem2006，4，19： | 1 |
| 9 | 显示文摘 | | 2004 | Journal of Applied Polymer Science2004，91，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Properties of poly (N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)/po显示文摘 | Du Runhong Zhao J iasen | 2004 | Journal of Membrane Science2004，239，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Assessment of basal heave stability for braced excavations in anisotropic clay using extreme gradient boosting and random forest regression显示文摘A finite-element analysis considering the anisotropy for the undrained shear strength was performed to examine the effects of the total stress-based anisotropic model NGI-ADP(developed by Norwegian Geotechnical Institute based on the Active-Direct simple shear-Passive concept)parameters on the base stability of deep braced excavations in clays.These parameters included the ratio of the plane strain passive shear strength to the plane strain active shear strength s_(u)^(P)=s_(u)^(A),the ratio of the unloading/reloading shear modulus to the plane strain active shear strength G_(ur)=s_(u)^(A),the plane strain active shear strength s_(u)^(A),the unit weight c,the excavation width B,the wall thickness b,and the wall penetration depth D.According to the numerical results for 1778 hypothetical cases,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)and random forest regression(RFR)were adopted to predict the factor of safety(FS)against basal heave for deep braced excavations.The results indicated that the anisotropic characteristics of soil parameters need to be considered when determining the FS against basal heave for braced excavation.XGBoost and RFR can yield a reasonable prediction of the FS.This paper presents a cuttingedge application of ensemble learning methods in geotechnical engineering. | Wengang Zhang Runhong Zhang Chongzhi Wu Anthony T.C.Goh Lin Wang | 2022 | Underground Space2022，7，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Effects of jet grouting slabs on responses for deep braced excavations显示文摘Jet grouting slabs are widely used in deep excavations owing to their effectiveness for reducing the deflection of the diaphragm wall and the prop forces acting on the struts and improving the basal-heave stability.In this paper,according to case histories in Singapore,a series of finite-element numerical simulations are performed to evaluate the effects of jet grouting slabs on responses to deep braced excavations.On the basis of a parametric sensitivity study,a reasonable thickness of jet grouting slabs is proposed.The effects of the wall depth,wall stiffness,soft-clay thickness,and stiffness on the performance of the jet grouting slabs are assessed by comparing and analyzing a series of simulation results.It is found that the soft-clay thickness significantly affects the wall deflection and basal heave in deep excavation.During the design of support structures,soil profiles should be considered first.The findings of this study provide a reference and guidance for the support system design of similar projects. | Wengang Zhang Li Hong Yongqin Li Runhong Zhang Anthony T.C.Goh Hanlong Liu | 2021 | Underground Space2021，6，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Krahnke reaction in aqueous media:one-pot clean synthesis of 4'-aryl-2,2' : 6', 2''-terpyridines 显示文摘 | Shujiang Tu Runhong Jia Bo Jiang | 2007 | Tetrahedron2007，63，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Properties of poly ( N, N - dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)/polysulfone positive- ly charged composite nanofiltration membrane显示文摘 | Du Runhong Zhao Jiasen | 2004 | J Membr Sci2004，239，： | 1 |
| 15 | Positively charged composite nanofiltration membrane prepared by poly (N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)/potysulfone显示文摘 | Du Runhong Zhao Jiasen | 2004 | J Applied Polymer Science2004，91，： | 1 |
| 16 | Analysis of ground surface settlement in anisotropic clays using extreme gradient boosting and random forest regression models显示文摘Excessive ground surface settlement induced by pit excavation(i.e.braced excavation) can potentially result in damage to the nearby buildings and facilities.In this paper,extensive finite element analyses have been carried out to evaluate the effects of various structural,soil and geometric properties on the maximum ground surface settlement induced by braced excavation in anisotropic clays.The anisotropic soil properties considered include the plane strain shear strength ratio(i.e.the ratio of the passive undrained shear strength to the active one) and the unloading shear modulus ratio.Other parameters considered include the support system stiffness,the excavation width to excavation depth ratio,and the wall penetration depth to excavation depth ratio.Subsequently,the maximum ground surface settlement of a total of 1479 hypothetical cases were analyzed by various machine learning algorithms including the ensemble learning methods(extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) and random forest regression(RFR)algorithms).The prediction models developed by the XGBoost and RFR are compared with that of two conventional regression methods,and the predictive accuracy of these models are assessed.This study aims to highlight the technical feasibility and applicability of advanced ensemble learning methods in geotechnical engineering practice. | Runhong Zhang Yongqin Li Anthony T.C.Goh Wengang Zhang Zhixiong Chen | 2021 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2021，13，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Mechanism of Fractional Melting in the Splashed Coating on BOF Lining显示文摘With the self-made equipment, the benavior of the splashed slag coating was studied by the thermo-simulation. The influenceof TFe, basicity and heating rate of slag on the occurrence of fractional melting was investigated. Furthermore, the composition variationof slag in different stages of the heating process was also discussed, and the mechanism of fractional me1ting was explained. In addition,the exploitation of this phenomenon in practice was also discussed. | ShengWen Wu Shuhuan Wang Shantong Jin Runhong Ma(Metallurgy School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Bejing 100083, China) | 2000 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2000，14，2： | 0 |
| 18 | Projected land use changes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at the carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets显示文摘Based on historical land use for eight periods from 1980 to 2020 and the projected land use under seven Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs:SSP1-1.9,SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP3-7.0,SSP4-3.4,SSP4-6.0,and SSP5-8.5)from 2021 to 2100,we conducted a study on past and future land use changes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).This work aims to reveal the land use changes during the carbon peak(2021-2040)and carbon neutrality(2051-2070)periods and at the end of the 21st century(2081-2100).The results show that:(1)in the historical period(1980-2020),the land use types in the QTP were grassland(1475×10^(3)km^(2),58.2%),barren land(685×10^(3)km^(2),27.0%),forest land(243×10^(3)km^(2),9.6%),water(114×10^(3)km^(2),4.5%),cropland(18.6×10^(3)km^(2),0.7%)and urban land(0.3×10^(3)km^(2),0.01%).(2)Relative to the baseline period(1995-2014),the area of grassland is projected to decrease by 0.7%(SSP4-6.0)-5.4%(SSP2-4.5)(0.5-3.9%of the total area of the QTP),2.8%(SSP4-6.0)-12.5%(SSP3-7.0)(2.1-9.4%of the total area of the QTP)and 6.1%(SSP4-6.0)-21.7%(SSP4-3.4)(4.6-16.4%of the total area of the QTP)in the future three periods.In contrast,the forest land area is projected to increase,by approximately 2.5%(SSP4-6.0)to 30.1%(SSP3-7.0)(0.3-4.3%of the total area of the QTP),9.2%(SSP4-6.0)to 56.5%(SSP2-4.5)(1.3-8.0%of the total area of the QTP),and 21.2%(SSP4-6.0)to 72.8%(SSP2-4.5)(3.0-10.2%of the total area of the QTP)in the future three periods,respectively.(3)Approximately 0.4(SSP4-6.0)to 6.9%(SSP5-8.5),0.9(SSP4-6.0)to 2.7%(SSP4-3.4),and 0.04(SSP5-8.5)to 3.5%(SSP1-1.9)of land is expected to convert from grassland to forest land in the future three periods,respectively.The shift from grassland to forest land area is likely to enhance the carbon sink potential of the QTP in the future period. | Runhong XU Peijun SHI Miaoni GAO Yanjun WANG Guojie WANG Buda SU Jinlong HUANG Qigen LIN Tong JIANG | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，6： | 0 |
| 19 | The phytochemical components of walnuts and their application for geographical origin based on chemical markers显示文摘Place of origin has an important influence on walnut quality and commercial value,which results in the requirement of rapid geographical traceability method.Thus,a method for geographical origin identification of walnuts on the basis of nutritional quality of walnuts from China was conducted.The concentrations of 43 phytochemical components were analyzed in walnut samples from five different walnut-producing regions of China.Based on 14 chemical markers selected by the Random Forest method from these phytochemical components,a new discriminant model for geographical origin was built,with the corresponding correct classification rate of 99.3%.In addition,the quantitative quality differences of walnuts from five regions were analyzed,with values of 0.17–1.43.Moreover,the top three chemical markers for the geographical origin discriminant analysis were Mo,V,and stearic acid,with contribution rates of 26.8%,18.9%,and 10.9%,respectively.This study provides a potentially viable method for application in food authentication. | Runhong Mo Yuewen Zheng Zhanglin Ni Danyu Shen Yihua Liu | 2022 | Food Quality and Safety2022，6，4： | 0 |
| 20 | Naturally occurring spike mutations influence the infectivity and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2显示文摘Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern(VOCs)have enhanced transmissibility and immune evasion with respect to current vaccines and neutralizing antibodies(NAbs).How naturally occurring spike mutations affect the infectivity and antigenicity of VOCs remains to be investigated.The entry efficiency of individual spike mutations was determined in vitro using pseudotyped viruses.BALB/c mice were immunized with 2-dose DNA vaccines encoding B.1.1.7,B.1.351,B.1.1.529 and their single mutations.Cellular and humoral immune responses were then compared to determine the impact of individual mutations on immunogenicity.In the B.1.1.7 lineage,Del69–70 and Del 144 in NTD,A570D and P681H in SD1 and S982A and D1118H in S2 significantly increased viral entry,whereas T716I resulted in a decrease.In the B.1.351 lineage,L18F and Del 242–244 in the NTD,K417N in the RBD and A701V in S2 also increased viral entry.S982A weakened the generation of binding antibodies.All sera showed reduced cross-neutralization activity against B.1.351,B.1.617.2(Delta)and B.1.1.529(Omicron BA.1).S982A,L18F,and Del 242–244 hindered the induction of cross-NAbs,whereas Del 69–70,Del144,R246I,and K417N showed the opposite effects.B.1.351 elicited adequate broad cross-NAbs against both B.1.351 and B.1.617.2.All immunogens tested,however,showed low neutralization against circulating B.1.1.529.In addition,T-cell responses were unlikely affected by mutations tested in the spike.We conclude that individual spike mutations influence viral infectivity and vaccine immunogenicity.Designing VOC-targeted vaccines is likely necessary to overcome immune evasion from current vaccines and neutralizing antibodies. | Qiaoli Peng Runhong Zhou Na Liu Hui Wang Haoran Xu Meiqing Zhao Dawei Yang Ka-Kit Au Haode Huang Li Liu Zhiwei Chen | 2022 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2022，19，11： | 0 |
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