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| 1 | Etiopathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis显示文摘Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) is an autoimmune disease of the liver characterized by progressive bile duct destruction eventually leading to cirrhosis and liver failure.The serological hallmark of the disease is the presence of circulating antimitochondrial antibodies(AMA).These reflect the presence of autoreactive T and B cells to the culprit antigens,the E2 subunits of mitochondrial 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase enzymes,chiefly pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDC-E2).The disease results from a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors.Genetic predisposition is indicated by the higher familial incidence of the disease particularly among siblings and the high concordance rate among monozygotic twins.Environmental triggering events appear crucial to disrupt a pre-existing unstable immune tolerance of genetic origin allowing,after a long latency,the emergence of clinical disease.Initiating mimetopes of the vulnerable epitope of the PDC-E2 autoantigen can be derived from microbes that utilize the PDC enzyme or,alternatively,environmental xenobiotics/chemical compounds that modify the structure of native proteins to make them immunogenic.A further alternative as a source of antigen is PDC-E2 derived from apoptotic cells.In the effector phase the biliary ductular cell,by reason of itsproclivity to express the antigen PDC-E2 in the course of apoptosis,undergoes a multilineage immune attack comprised of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and antibody.In this article,we critically review the available evidence on etiopathogenesis of PBC and present interpretations of complex data,new developments and theories,and nominate directions for future research. | Ana Lleo Pietro Invernizzi Ian R Mackay Harry Prince Ren-Qian Zhong M Eric Gershwin | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，21： | 9 |
| 2 | Global prevalence of dementia: a Delphi consensus study显示文摘 | Cleusa P Ferri Martin Prince Carol Brayne Henry Brodaty Laura Fratiglioni Mary Ganguli Kathleen Hall Kazuo Hasegawa Hugh Hendrie Yueqin Huang Anthony Jorm Colin Mathers Paulo R Menezes Elizabeth Rimmer Marcia Scazufca | 2005 | The Lancet2005，，9503： | 2 |
| 3 | Global prevalence of dementia: a Delphi consensus study显示文摘 | Cleusa P Ferri Martin Prince Carol Brayne Henry Brodaty Laura Fratiglioni Mary Ganguli Kathleen Hall Kazuo Hasegawa Hugh Hendrie Yueqin Huang Anthony Jorm Colin Mathers Paulo R Menezes Elizabeth Rimmer Marcia Scazufca | 2005 | The Lancet . 2005 (9503)2005，，9503： | 2 |
| 4 | The molecular basis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobulinurial 显示文摘 | Yomtovian R Prince GM Medof ME | 1993 | Transfusion1993，33，10： | 1 |
| 5 | Zinc ligands in the metal hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens as deter-mined using X-ray absorption spectroscopy显示文摘 | Salt D E Prince R C Backer A J M | 1999 | Environmental Science&Technology1999，33，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Mechanisms of cadmium mobility and accumulation in Indian Mustard 显示文摘 | Salt D E Prince R C Picketing I J | 1995 | Plant Physiol1995，109，： | 1 |
| 7 | α1- Adrenergic receptor subtypes in human detrusor 显示文摘 | MALLOY B J PRINCE D T PRICE P R | 1998 | J Urol1998，160，： | 1 |
| 8 | Weighted directional energy model of human stereo correspondence 显示文摘 | Prince j D Eagle R A | 2000 | Vision Research2000，40，9： | 1 |
| 9 | Refinement of the structure of solid nitromethane显示文摘 | Trevino SF Prince E Hubbard C R | 1980 | ] Chem Phys1980，73，： | 1 |
| 10 | Firm incentives to promote technological change in pollution control 显示文摘 | Milliman S R Prince R | 1989 | Journal of Environmental Economics and Management1989，，17： | 1 |
| 11 | Mechanisms of cadmium mobility and accumulation in Indian mus- tard显示文摘 | Salt D E Prince R C Pickering I J | 1995 | Plant Physiology1995，109，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Environmentalstability of selected petroleum hydrocarbon source and weatheringratios显示文摘 | Douglas G S Bence A E Prince R C | 1996 | Environmental Science&Technology1996，30，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Beta-carotene accumulation in serum and skin显示文摘 | PRINCE M R FRISOLI J K | 1993 | Am J Clin Nutr1993，57，： | 1 |
| 14 | Mechanisms of cadmium mobility and accumulation in Indian mustard显示文摘 | SALT D E PRINCE R C PICKERING I J | 1995 | Plant Physiology1995，109，： | 1 |
| 15 | Identification of a subpopulation of cells with cancer stem cell properties in head and neck spuamous cell carcinoma显示文摘 | Prince ME Sivanande R Kaczorowski A | 2007 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2007，104，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Identification of a subpopulation of ceils with cancer stem cell properties in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma显示文摘 | Prince ME Sivanandan R Kaczorowski A | 2007 | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2007，104，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Identifica- tion of a subpopulation of cells with cancer stem cell properties in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma 显示文摘 | Prince ME Sivanandan R Kaczorowski A | 2007 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2007，104，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Does faculty re- search improve undergraduate teaching? An analysis of existing and potential synergies 显示文摘 | Prince M J Felder R M Brent R | 2007 | Journal of Engineer- ing Education2007，96，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Identifica-tion of a subpopulation of cells with Cancer stem cell prop-erties in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma显示文摘 | Prince ME Sivanandan R Kaczorowski A | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Interactive marketing : the influence of participation on positive word-of-mouth and referrals 显示文摘 | FILE K M JUDD B B PRINCE R A | 1992 | Journal of Service Marketing1992，16，4： | 1 |
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