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| 1 | Acute Kidney Injury:Global Health Alert显示文摘Acute kidney injury(AKI) is increasingly prevalent in developing and developed countries and is associated with severe morbidity and mortality.Most etiologies of AKI can be prevented by interventions at the individual,community,regional and in-hospital levels.Effective measures must include community-wide efforts to increase an awareness of the devastating effects of AKI and provide guidance on preventive strategies,as well as early recognition and management.Efforts should be focused on minimizing causes of AKI,increasing awareness of the importance of serial measurements of serum creatinine in high risk patients,and documenting urine volume in acutely ill people to achieve early diagnosis;there is as yet no definitive role for alternative biomarkers.Protocols need to be developed to systematically manage prerenal conditions and specific infections.More accurate data about the true incidence and clinical impact of AKI will help to raise the importance of the disease in the community,increase awareness of AKI by governments,the public,general and family physicians and other health care professionals to help prevent the disease.Prevention is the key to avoid the heavy burden of mortality and morbidity associated with AKI. | Philip Kam Tao Li Emmanuel A Burdmann Ravindra L Mehta | 2013 | 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志2013，22，1： | 14 |
| 2 | Predictors of suboptimal bowel preparation in asymptomatic patients undergoing average-risk screening colonoscopy显示文摘AIM To identify risk factors for a suboptimal preparation among a population undergoing screening or surveillance colonoscopy.METHODS Retrospective review of the University of Michigan and Veteran's Administration(VA) Hospital records from 2009 to identify patients age 50 and older who underwent screening or surveillance procedure and had resection of polyps less than 1 cm in size and no more than 2 polyps. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease or a family history of colorectal cancer were excluded. Suboptimal procedures were defined as procedure preparations categorized as fair, poor or inadequate by the endoscopist. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of suboptimal preparation.RESULTS Of 4427 colonoscopies reviewed, 2401 met our inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Of our population, 16% had a suboptimal preparation. African Americans were 70% more likely to have a suboptimal preparation(95%CI: 1.2-2.4). Univariable analysis revealed that narcotic and tricyclic antidepressants(TCA) use, diabetes, prep type, site(VA vs non-VA), and presence of a gastroenterology(GI) fellow were associated with suboptimal prep quality. In a multivariable model controlling for gender, age, ethnicity, procedure site and presence of a GI fellow, diabetes [odds ratio(OR) = 2.3; 95%CI: 1.6-3.2], TCA use(OR = 2.5; 95%CI: 1.3-4.9), narcotic use(OR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.2-2.5) and Miralax-Gatorade prep vs 4L polyethylene glycol 3350(OR = 0.6; 95%CI: 0.4-0.9) were associated with a suboptimal prep quality. CONCLUSION Diabetes, narcotics use and TCA use were identified as predictors of poor preparation in screening colonoscopies while Miralax-Gatorade preps were associated with better bowel preparation. | Shail M Govani Eric E Elliott Stacy B Menees Stephanie L Judd Sameer D Saini Constantinos P Anastassiades Annette L Urganus Suzanna J Boyce Philip S Schoenfeld | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2016，8，17： | 7 |
| 3 | The Changing Cold Regions Network:Observation,diagnosis and prediction of environmental change in the Saskatchewan and Mackenzie River Basins,Canada显示文摘Climate change is causing rapid and severe changes to many Earth systems and processes,with widespread cryospheric,ecological,and hydrological impacts globally,and especially in high northern latitudes.This is of major societal concern and there is an urgent need for improved understanding and predictive tools for environmental management.The Changing Cold Regions Network(CCRN)is a Canadian research consortium with a focus to integrate existing and new experimental data with modelling and remote sensing products to understand,diagnose,and predict changing land,water,and climate,and their interactions and feedbacks over the geographic domain of the Mackenzie and Saskatchewan River Basins in Canada.The network operates a set of 14 unique and focused Water,Ecosystem,Cryosphere and Climate(WECC)observatories within this region,which provide opportunities to observe and understand processes and their interaction,as well as develop and test numerical simulation models,and provide validation data for remote sensing products.This paper describes this network and its observational,experimental,and modelling programme.An overview of many of the recent Earth system changes observed across the study region is provided,and some local insights from WECC observatories that may partly explain regional patterns and trends are described.Several of the model products being developed are discussed,and linkages with the local to international user community are reviewed—In particular,the use of WECC data towards model and remote sensing product calibration and validation is highlighted.Some future activities and prospects for the network are also presented at the end of the paper. | Chris M DEBEER Howard S WHEATER William L QUINTON Sean K CAREY Ronald E STEWART Murray D MACKAY Philip MARSH | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，1： | 5 |
| 4 | 使用具有解卷积报告软件和新农药数据库的GC/MS筛选926种农药和内分泌干扰物显示文摘介绍一种最新扩展的质谱数据库,来代替安捷伦的保留时间锁定农药数据库和解卷积农药应用.新的数据库包括926种农药、内分泌干扰物质和相关化合物——比原来的数据库多了359种化合物,包括日本的'肯定列表(Positive List)'中用GC/MS分析的所有化合物.所有保留时间锁定的化合物,都可以在安捷伦的GC/MS保留时间锁定软件中精确重复.新的数据库可以作为标准的GC/MS数据库来确证化合物,或者结合安捷伦筛选软件在保留时间和质谱谱图匹配的基础上定性检测化合物.当这些数据库与安捷伦新版本的解卷积报告软件(部件号G1716AA版本A.03.00)结合使用时,可以得到最大的收益.本方法对所有926种农药和内分泌干扰物进行GC/MS筛选,大约只需要2min.解卷积帮助确证谱图中隐藏在共流出物中的农药.本文比较了新的数据库和较小的数据库,通过解卷积报告软件分析17个地表水样品.在新的数据库的协助下,解卷积报告软件找到了99种农药、代谢物、阻燃剂和相关污染物,而这些在以前的农药和内分泌干扰物保留时间所定数据库中是不包含的. | Philip L Wylie | 2008 | 环境化学2008，27，2： | 3 |
| 5 | Outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding显示文摘AIM:To evaluate weight loss and surgical outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)and laparoscopic adjustable gastric band(LAGB).METHODS:Data relating to changes in body mass index(BMI)and procedural complications after RYGB(1995-2009;n=609;116M:493F;42.4±0.4 years)or LAGB(2004-2009;n=686;131M:555F;37.2±0.4years)were extracted from prospective databases.RESULTS:Pre-operative BMI was higher in RYGB than LAGB patients(46.8±7.1 kg/m2vs 40.4±4.2 kg/m2,P<001);more patients with BMI<35 kg/m2underwent LAGB than RYGB(17.1%vs 4.1%,P<0.0001).BMI decrease was greater after RYGB.There were direct relationships between weight loss and pre-operative BMI(P<0.001).Although there was no difference in weight loss between genders during the first 3-year post-surgery,male LAGB patients had greater BMI reduction than females(-8.2±4.3 kg/m2vs-3.9±1.9kg/m2,P=0.02).Peri-operative complications occurred more frequently following RYGB than LAGB(8.0%vs0.5%,P<0.001);majority related to wound infection.LAGB had more long-term complications requiring corrective procedures than RYGB(8.9%vs 2.1%,P<0.001).Conversion to RYGB resulted in greater BMI reduction(-9.5±3.8 kg/m2)compared to removal and replacement of the band(-6.0±3.0 kg/m2).Twelve months post-surgery,fasting glucose,total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein levels were significantly lower with the magnitude of reduction greater in RYGB patients.CONCLUSION:RYGB produces substantially greater weight loss than LAGB.Whilst peri-operative complications are greater after RYGB,long-term complication rate is higher following LAGB. | Nam Q Nguyen Philip Game Justin Bessell Tamara L Debreceni Melissa Neo Carly M Burgstad Pennie Taylor Gary A Wittert | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，36： | 3 |
| 6 | Preoperative immunonutrition in patients undergoing liver resection:A prospective randomized trial显示文摘BACKGROUND Preoperative supplementation with immunonutrients, including arginine and n-3 fatty acids, has been shown in a number of systematic reviews to reduce infectious complications in patients who have undergone gastrointestinal surgery. Limited information, however, is available on the benefits of nutritional supplementation enriched with arginine and n-3 fatty acids in patients undergoing liver resection.AIM To evaluate the effects of preoperative nutritional supplementation enriched with arginine and n-3 fatty acids on inflammatory and immunologic markers and clinical outcome in patients undergoing liver resection.METHODS Thirty-four patients undergoing liver resection were randomized to either five days of preoperative Impact? [1020 kcal/d, immunonutrition(IMN) group], or standard care [no supplementation, standard care(STD) group]. Nutritional status was measured at study entry by subjective global assessment(SGA).Functional assessments(grip strength, fatigue and performance status) were carried out at study entry, on the day prior to surgery, and on postoperative day(POD) 7 and 30. Inflammatory and immune markers were measured at study entry, on the day prior to surgery, and POD 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 30. Postoperative complications were recorded prospectively until POD30.RESULTS A total of 32 patients(17 IMN and 15 STD) were analysed. All except four patients were SGA class A. The plasma ratio of(eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid) to arachidonic acid was higher in IMN patients on the day prior to surgery and POD 1, 3, 5 and 7(P < 0.05). Plasma interleukin(IL)-6 concentrations were elevated in the IMN group(P = 0.017 for POD7). No treatment effect was detected for functional measures, immune response(white cell count and total lymphocytes) or markers of inflammation(C-reactive protein,tumour necrosis factor-α, IL-8, IL-10). There were 10 patients with infectious complications in the IMN group and 4 in the STD group(P = 0.087). Median hospital stay was 9(range 4–49) d in the IMN group and 8(3-34) d in the STD group(P = 0.476).CONCLUSION In well-nourished patients undergoing elective liver resection, this study failed to show any benefit of preoperative immunonutrition. | Kylie Russell Han-Guang Zhang Lyn K GillANDers Adam SJR Bartlett Helena L Fisk Philip C Calder Peter J Swan Lindsay D Plank | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，3： | 3 |
| 7 | Major outer membrane proteins of Brucella spp.: past, present and future显示文摘 | Axel Cloeckaert Nieves Vizca??no Jean-Yves Paquet Raúl A Bowden Philip H Elzer | 2002 | Veterinary Microbiology2002，，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Human cord blood-derived cells can differentiate into hepatocytes in the mouse liver with no evidence of cellular fusion显示文摘 | Philip N Newsome Ingolfur Johannessen Shelagh Boyle Evangelos Dalakas Karen A Mcaulay Kay Samuel Frances Rae Lesley Forrester Marc L Turner Peter C Hayes David J Harrison Wendy A Bickmore John N Plevris | 2003 | Gastroenterology2003，，7： | 2 |
| 9 | Incorporation of esterified soybean isoflavones with antioxidant activity into low density lipoprotein显示文摘 | Meng Q H Philip L Kristiina W | 1999 | Biochim Biophys Acta1999，1438，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Adsorption and desorption characteristics of hydrophobic pesticide endosulfan in four Indian soils 显示文摘 | Kumar M Philip L | 2006 | Chemosphere2006，62，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Atrazine degradation in anaerobic environment by a mixed microbial consortium 显示文摘 | Ghosh P K Philip L | 2004 | Water Research2004，38，9： | 1 |
| 12 | The accuracy of management dividend forecasts in Australia显示文摘 | PHILIP B ALEX C JANICE C Y KADIR L | 2000 | Pacific- Basin finance journal2000，，8： | 1 |
| 13 | The relation of diabetes to the severity of acute myocardial infarction and post-myocardial infarction survival in Mexica-Americans and non-Hispanic Whites显示文摘 | David C Mary L | 1994 | Diabetes1994，43，： | 1 |
| 14 | Hands as route of transmission for Klebsiella slecies显示文摘 | Casewell M Philips L | 1977 | Br Med J1977，2，6098： | 1 |
| 15 | Technological Discontinuities and Organizational Environments 显示文摘 | Tushman Michael L Anderson Philip | 1986 | Administrative Science Quarterly1986，31，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Understanding ethnic tourists显示文摘 | Gianna Moscardo Philip L Pearce | 1999 | Annals of Tourism Research1999，26，2： | 1 |
| 17 | q-Profile Measurement in Tokomaks Using Fueling Pellets显示文摘 | Durst R D Philips P E Rowan W L | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Automatic Registration of SAR Images显示文摘 | Hie Q L Gautama S Philips W | 2004 | IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium2004，，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Optimum design of power transistor switches显示文摘 | Hower | 1977 | IEEE Trans on Electron Devices1977，20，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Zinc oxide varistors-A review 显示文摘 | Levinson L M Philip H R | 1986 | Am Ceram Soc Bull1986，65，4： | 1 |
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