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| 1 | 2019新型冠状病毒基因组特征和流行病学:病毒起源和受体结合的意义显示文摘研究者对来自9例新型冠状病毒肺炎住院患者的支气管肺泡灌洗液样本和培养的分离株进行了下一代测序。从这些个体中获得了严重急性呼吸综合征-冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)的完整和部分基因组序列。利用Sanger测序连接病毒重叠群以获得全长基因组,cDNA末端快速扩增确定终端区。对这些SARSCoV-2基因组和其他冠状病毒基因组进行了系统进化分析,以确定该病毒的进化史并有助于推断其可能的起源。 | 刘青(译) 刘莉(审校) Lu R Zhao X Li J Niu P Yang B Wu H Wang W Song H Huang B Zhu N Bi Y Ma X Zhan F Wang L Hu T Zhou H Hu Z Zhou W Zhao L Chen J Meng Y Wang J Lin Y Yuan J Xie Z Ma J Liu WJ Wang D Xu W Holmes EC Gao GF Wu G Chen W Shi W Tan W | 2020 | 中华高血压杂志2020，28，3： | 516 |
| 2 | 细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤(英文)显示文摘Spinal cord injury can lead to severe motor,sensory and autonomic dysfunction.Currently,there is no effective treatment for the injured spinalcord.The transplantation of Schwann cells,neural stem cells or progenitor cells,olfactory ensheathing cells,oligodendrocyte precursor cells and mesenchymal stem cells has been investigated as potential therapies for spinal cord injury.However,little is known about the mechanisms through which these individual cell types promote repair and functional improvements.The five most commonly proposed mechanisms include neuroprotection,immunomodulation,axon regeneration,neuronal relay formation and myelin regeneration.A better understanding of the mechanisms whereby these cells promote functional improvements,as well as an appreciation of the obstacles in implementing these therapies and effectively modeling spinal cord injury,will be important to make cell transplantation a viable clinical option and may lead to the development of more targeted therapies. | Assinck P Duncan GJ Hilton BJ Plemel JR Tetzlaff W | 2017 | 中华神经外科疾病研究杂志2017，16，3： | 54 |
| 3 | 帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析显示文摘背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性NSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBRO-RT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性NSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBRO-RT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBRO-RT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为<10年组和≥10年组)。MDACC研究的患者根据放疗计划可行性被等比例随机分配入2个受试组。由于联合治疗组的干预本质,每个研究中的放疗均不适用盲法。在2个研究中,不论是否进行放疗,均静脉滴入帕博利珠单抗(每3周200 mg)。在PEMBRO-RT研究中,在放疗(24 Gy 3次分割照射)结束后1周给予第1剂帕博利珠单抗。在MDACC研究中,在第1次放疗(50 Gy 4次分割照射或45 Gy 15次分割照射)同时给予帕博利珠单抗。仅检测未经照射病灶的应答。本研究的终点为最佳射野外(远隔)应答率(ARR)、最佳射野外疾病控制率(ACR)、12周时ARR、12周时ACR、无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。2个研究的意向治疗(ITT)人群均纳入分析。PEMBRO-RT研究(NCT02492568)和MDACC研究(NCT02444741)均在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQR):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳ARR分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),OR=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACR分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),OR=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQR:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQR:6.8~11.2),HR=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQR:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQR:14.6~23.8),OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性NSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。 | 陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs Heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa N Niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-Nhu Nguyen Nathan I Comeaux George R Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis Steven H Lin Kewen He Roshal Patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh | 2021 | 中华肿瘤防治杂志2021，28，24： | 49 |
| 4 | Glypican-3和CD34免疫组化染色在肝细胞癌与良性肝细胞性病变鉴别诊断中的价值显示文摘 | Coston W M P Loera S Lau S K 黄文斌(摘译) | 2008 | 临床与实验病理学杂志2008，24，3： | 31 |
| 5 | On the Application of PCA Technique to Fault Diagnosis显示文摘In this paper, we briefly address the application of the standard principal component analysis (PCA) technique to fault detection and identification. Based on an analysis of the existing test statistic, we propose a new test statistic, which is similar to the Hawkin’s TH 2 statistic but without the numerical drawback. In comparison with the SPE index, the threshold setting associated with the new statistic is computationally simpler. Our further study is dedicated to the analysis of fault sensitivity. We consider the off-set and scaling faults, and evaluate the test statistic by viewing its sensitivity to the faults. Our final study focuses on identifying off-set and scaling faults. To this end, two algorithms are proposed. This paper also includes some critical remarks on the application of the PCA technique to fault diagnosis. | DING S ZHANG P DING E YIN S Naik A DENG P GUI W | 2010 | Tsinghua Science and Technology2010，15，2： | 31 |
| 6 | 成人、儿童及孕妇特发性血小板减少性紫癜诊治指南显示文摘特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)是一种自体免疫性疾病,以持续性血小板减少为特征(血小板<150×109/L).其发病机理是自身抗体与血小板抗原结合导致它们在未成熟时即被网状内皮系统,特别是在脾脏中被破坏引起血小板减少. | Provan D Newland A Norfolk D Bolton-Maggs P Lilleyman J Greer I May A Murphy M Ouwehand W Watson S 李振宇 徐开林 | 2004 | 国外医学(输血及血液学分册)2004，27，4： | 25 |
| 7 | 我国高校教师发明披露问题——现状、制度原因及改进对策显示文摘以2002—2012年间我国35所重点高校2 002名在职教师的18 435项发明专利为样本,调查了我国高校教师的发明披露现状,并从政府和高校两个层面分析了制度设计对教师披露意愿的影响.研究发现,约13.16%的教师发明专利没有被完全分配给所在高校,高质量教师发明更可能被披露给校外机构和个人.分析表明,我国高校的发明权属、职务发明认定和收益分配制度,以及地方政府专利资助政策无助于激励教师向高校披露高质量发明,而高校的发明质量审查体系和绩效考核机制也难以有效抑制教师的低质量发明披露冲动.最后,本文从政府和高校层面提出相关的制度改进建议,以期为政策制订者提供参考. | 常旭华 詹泽慧 陈强 FONG P S W | 2016 | 研究与发展管理2016，28，3： | 16 |
| 8 | What is artificial meat and what does it mean for the future of the meat industry?显示文摘The meat industry cannot respond to increases in demand by ever increasing resource use. The industry must find solutions to issues regarding animal welfare, health and sustainability and will have to do so in the face of competition from emerging non-traditional meat and protein products in an increasingly complex regulatory environment. These novel meat and protein products, otherwise known as ‘artificial meat' are utilising ground breaking technologies designed to meet the issues facing the conventional meat industry. These artificial meats, in vitro or cultured meat and meat from genetically modified organisms have no real capacity to compete with conventional meat production in the present environment. However, meat replacements manufactured from plant proteins and mycoproteins are currently the biggest competitors and are gaining a small percentage of the market. Manufactured meats may push conventional meat into the premium end of the market, and supply the bulk, cheap end of the market if conventional meat products become more expensive and the palatability and versatility of manufactured meats improve. In time the technology for other artificial meats such as meat from genetic modified organisms or cultured meat may become sufficiently developed for these products to enter the market with no complexity of the competition between meat products. Conventional meat producers can assimilate agroecology ecology concepts in order to develop sustainable animal production systems. The conventional meat industry can also benefit from assimilating biotechnologies such as cloning and genetic modification technologies, using the technology to adapt to the changing environment and respond to the increasing competition from artificial meats. Although it will depend at least partly on the evolution of conventional meat production, the future of artificial meat produced from stem cells appears uncertain at this time. | Sarah P F Bonny Graham E Gardner David W Pethick Jean-Franois Hocquette | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，2： | 15 |
| 9 | Mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase signal transduction pathways and novel anti-inflammatory targets显示文摘 | Hommes D W Peppelenbosch M P van Deventer S J | 2003 | Gut2003，52，1： | 14 |
| 10 | Comeld^TM Joints: A Novel Technique for Bonding Composites and Metal显示文摘Current and future structural applications for composite laminates frequently involve design solutions combining composite laminates and metal; the materials must be joined. Two conventional means of joining are available mechanical joining and adhesive bonding. Both methods have critical disadvantages. A novel surface treatment for metals developed at TWI, Surfi-Sculpt, leads to the formation of surface protrusions on metal surfaces. These protrusions are typically 1.0 mm high and 0.6 mm in diameter. The surface modified metal can be bonded with composite laminates to form a Comeld~TM joint. These joints can be described as a combination of mechanical fastening and adhesive bonding. This paper describes our current work using finite element modelling to optimize the protrusions in respect to their geometry and distribution. The simulations require multi-scale modelling techniques to transfer results between the global model of the whole joint and the unit cell models containing a protrusion. Results from the simulations show critical effects on stress distributions arising from changing protrusion geometry. These joints show significant advantages over conventional adhesive joining technologies and their application would allow improved performance for combinations of metal and composite laminates. | Tu W Guild F J Hogg P J | 2009 | 稀有金属材料与工程2009，38，A03： | 14 |
| 11 | Crack initiation stress and strain of jointed rock containing multi-cracks under uniaxial compressive loading: A particle flow code approach显示文摘The ratio of crack initiation stress to the uniaxial compressive strength(SCI,B/SUC,B) and the ratio of axial strain at the crack initiation stress to the axial strain at the uniaxial compressive strength(B,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS) were studied by performing numerical stress analysis on blocks having multi flaws at close spacing's under uniaxial loading using PFC3 D. The following findings are obtained: SCI,B/SUC,B has an average value of about 0.5 with a variability of ± 0.1. This range agrees quite well with the values obtained by former research. For joint inclination angle, β=90°,B,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS is found to be around 0.48 irrespective of the value of joint continuity factor, k. No particular relation is found betweenB,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS and β; however, the average B,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS seems to slightly decrease with increasing k. The variability ofB,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS is found to increase with k.Based on the cases studied in this work,B,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS ranges between 0.3 and 0.5. This range is quite close to the range of 0.4to 0.6 obtained for SCI,B/SUC,B. The highest variability of ± 0.12 forB,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS is obtained for k=0.8. For the remaining k values the variability ofB,UCB,CI,A,A/SSSS can be expressed within ± 0.05. This finding is very similar to the finding obtained for the variability of SCI,B/SUC,B. | 范祥 KULATILAKE P H S W 陈新 曹平 | 2015 | Journal of Central South University2015，22，2： | 14 |
| 12 | Dietary factors and smoking as risk factors for PD in a rural population in China: a nested case-control study显示文摘 | Ma L Zhang L Gao XH Chen W Wu YP Wang Y Li XF Como P Kieburtz K Qiao YL | 2006 | 中国生物学文摘2006，20，8： | 13 |
| 13 | 家族性腺瘤样息肉病中APC基因的胚系突变分析(英文)显示文摘目的探索有效的突变检测技术,系统分析家族性腺瘤样息肉病(familialadenomatouspolyposis,FAP)相关基因结肠腺瘤病(adenomatouspolyposiscoli,APC)基因的胚系突变,及其与疾病表型的关系。方法从22例临床确诊的FAP患者,外周静脉血中提取基因组DNA。变性高效液相色谱、蛋白截短检测、测序技术结合应用进行全基因分析。根据患者临床资料,进行基因型表型分析。结果22例FAP患者中13例检出APC基因胚系突变,均为无义或移码突变。基因型-表型关系的初步分析表明,在基因5′端或3′端发生突变的患者临床症状较轻,在基因中段发生突变的患者临床症状典型或严重。结论本研究中所采用的技术体系可敏感、高效地检出APC基因突变,APC基因的突变型与FAP患者的临床表型存在关联,所采用的技术体系适用于FAP症状出现前的基因诊断。 | 刘晓蓉 单祥年 Friedl W Uhlhaas S Propping P 王亚平 | 2005 | 中华医学遗传学杂志2005，22，3： | 12 |
| 14 | Immune responses against SARS-coronavirus nucleocapsid protein induced by DNA vaccine显示文摘 | Zhao P Cao J Zhao LJ Ke JS Pan W Ren H Yu JG Qi ZT | 2005 | 第二军医大学学报2005，26，10： | 12 |
| 15 | 用RFLP方法研究陕西省主要小麦品种遗传多样性及其演变显示文摘研究用RFLP方法,对我国主要小麦产区,陕西省40年代以来广为种植的小麦品种的遗传多样性进行了研究,结果表明,占总带数26.2%的HINDII酶的RFLP带具有遗传多态性。24个小麦品种平均遗传相似系数为0.948。53.8%的探针显示了多态性。平均多态性信息含量指数为0.252。陕西省小麦品种遗传多样性以70年代为最高,之后开始降低。 | 朱列层 唐国顺 HAZEN S P KIM H S WARD R W | 1999 | 西北植物学报1999，19，2： | 11 |
| 16 | WONCA研究论文摘要汇编——COPD第1秒用力呼气末容积/用力肺活量固定值与参考值下限的关系:基于人群的加拿大COPD队列研究报告显示文摘目的呼吸量测定的方法可以导致COPD的误诊,甚至造成不当治疗。本研究比较两种标准的临床指标的相关性,即第1秒用力呼气末容积/用力肺活量(FEV1/FVC)的固定值及其参考值下限。方法分析基于人群的加拿大COPD队列研究的数据,分析测量气流受限的呼吸量测定标准与患者报告的不良后果的关系,包括呼吸道症状、残疾、健康状况、病情加重、心血管疾病。用敏感性分析探索年龄及气流受限严重程度对上述指标相关性的影响。结果对4 882例40岁以上患者的数据进行分析。FEV1/FVC固定值测定的气流受限发生率为17%,参考值下限为11%。由FEV1/FVC固定值测定的气流受限的患者发生不良后果的可能性增高不明显;由FEV1/FVC固定值联合参考值下限测定为气流受限且患者FEV1低于预测值80%与发生不良后果的可能性更大。结论研究结果表明,单独使用FEV1/FVC固定值可能导致COPD的误诊。由FEV1/FVC固定值和参考值下限得出的诊断与低FEV1、临床后果有着密切关系。指南应考虑两种呼吸量测量法的异常,从而减少COPD的过度诊断。 | van Dijk W Tan W Li P 本刊编辑部 | 2015 | 中国全科医学2015，18，8： | 10 |
| 17 | 水解蛋白质化学改性(英文)显示文摘从含铬废弃物提取的水解蛋白质与不同量的戊二醛 ,在不同的温度下反应。用聚酰胺凝胶电泳法 (SDS -PAGE)分析了改性蛋白质的分子量及分子量分布。用CanonManning粘度法测定了改性产物的粘度。实验表明改性产物的分子量随戊二醛的用量增加而增加。最佳的戊二醛用量约为水解胶原质量的 12 % ,反应温度大于 6 0℃。同时 ,用改性产物做了皮革的填充实验 ,用萤光标记改性胶原 ,通过扫描电镜研究了填充皮革的纤维结构。研究结果表明 ,改性产物具有较好的填充性能 ,采用适当的应用工艺 ,改性产物可能用作皮革填充剂。 | 陈武勇 Brown E M Taylor M M Cooke P H Marmer W N | 2002 | 四川大学学报(工程科学版)2002，34，6： | 9 |
| 18 | Operative complications and economic outcomes of cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis显示文摘BACKGROUND Recent management of acute cholecystitis favors same admission(SA)or emergent cholecystectomy based on overall shorter hospital stay and therefore cost savings.We adopted the practice of SA cholecystectomy for the treatment of acute cholecystitis at our tertiary care center and wanted to evaluate the economic benefit of this practice.We hypothesized that the existence of complications,particularly among patients with a higher degree of disease severity,during SA cholecystectomy could negate the cost savings.AIM To compare complication rates and hospital costs between SA vs delayed cholecystectomy among patients admitted emergently for acute cholecystitis.METHODS Under an IRB-approved protocol,complications and charges for were obtained for SA,later after conservative management(Delayed),or elective cholecystectomies over an 8.5-year period.Patients were identified using the acute care surgery registry and billing database.Data was retrieved via EMR,operative logs,and Revenue Cycle Operations.The severity of acute cholecystitis was graded according to the Tokyo Guidelines.TG18 categorizes acute cholecystitis by Grades 1,2,and 3 representing mild,moderate,and severe,respectively.Comparisons were analyzed withχ2,Fisher’s exact test,ANOVA,ttests,and logistic regression;significance was set at P<0.05.RESULTS Four hundred eighty-six(87.7%)underwent a SA while 68 patients(12.3%)received Delayed cholecystectomy.Complication rates were increased after SA compared to Delayed cholecystectomy(18.5%vs 4.4%,P=0.004).The complication rates of patients undergoing delayed cholecystectomy was similar to the rate for elective cholecystectomy(7.4%,P=0.35).Mortality rates were 0.6%vs 0%for SA vs Delayed.Patients with moderate disease(Tokyo 2)suffered more complications among SA while none who were delayed experienced a complication(16.1%vs 0.0%,P<0.001).Total hospital charges for SA cholecystectomy were increased compared to a Delayed approach($44500±$59000 vs$35300±$16700,P=0.019).The relative risk of developing a complication was 4.2x[95%confidence interval(CI):1.4-12.9]in the SA vs Delayed groups.Among eight patients(95%CI:5.0-12.3)with acute cholecystitis undergoing SA cholecystectomy,one patient will suffer a complication.CONCLUSION Patients with Tokyo Grade 2 acute cholecystitis had more complications and increased hospital charges when undergoing SA cholecystectomy.This data supports a selective approach to SA cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. | Christopher P Rice Krishnamurthy B Vaishnavi Celia Chao Daniel Jupiter August B Schaeffer Whitney R Jenson Lance W Griffin William J Mileski | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，48： | 8 |
| 19 | Byakangelicin induces cytochrome P450 3A4 expression via transactivation of pregnane X receptors in human hepatocytes显示文摘 | Yang, JA Luan, XF Gui, HY Yan, P Yang, DF Song, XL Liu, W Hu, G Yah, BF | 2011 | 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)2011，31，4： | 8 |
| 20 | 肝细胞来源外泌体可能成为慢加急性肝衰竭患者肝再生和预后评估的生物标志物显示文摘【据Hepatology International 2021年8月报道】题:肝细胞来源外泌体可能成为慢加急性肝衰竭患者肝再生和预后评估的生物标志物(作者Jiao Y等)慢加急性肝衰竭(ACLF)患者虽然肝损伤严重,但是部分患者仍可以通过肝脏再生得以存活,因此ACLF患者的肝再生评估尤为重要。外泌体兼具肝脏活组织检查的特异性和外周血检测的非侵袭性的优点,可能是肝脏疾病潜在的生物标志物。本研究旨在建立ACLF肝再生的外泌体表达谱模型,探讨其在肝衰竭患者肝再生及预后评估中的作用。 | JIAO Y LU W XU P 焦彦 卢旺 陈煜 时红波 马迎民 | 2021 | 临床肝胆病杂志2021，37，10： | 8 |
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