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| 1 | Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets addition on mechanical properties of pure aluminum using a semi-powder method显示文摘In recent years, graphene has attracted considerable research interest in all fields of science due to its unique properties. Its excellent mechanical properties lead it to be used in nano-composites for strength enhancement. This paper reports an Aluminum–Graphene Nanoplatelets(Al/GNPs)composite using a semi-powder method followed by hot extrusion. The effect of GNP nano-particle integration on tensile, compressive and hardness response of Al is investigated in this paper. It is demonstrated that 0.3 wt% Graphene Nanoplatelets distributed homogeneously in the matrix aluminum act as an effective reinforcing filler to prevent deformation. Compared to monolithic aluminum(in tension), Al–0.3 wt% GNPs composite exhibited higher 0.2% yield strength(+14.7%), ultimate tensile strength(+11.1%) and lower failure strain( -40.6%). Surprisingly, compared to monolithic Al(in compression), Al–0.3 wt% GNPs composite exhibited same 0.2% compressive yield strength and lower ultimate compression strength(- 7.8%),and lower failure strain(- 20.2%). The Al–0.3 wt% GNPs composite exhibited higher Vickers hardness compared to monolithic aluminum(+11.8%).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy(EDS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) were used to investigate the surface morphology, elemental percentage composition, and phase analysis, respectively. | Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan Aitao Tang Muhammad Asif | 2014 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2014，24，2： | 52 |
| 2 | Investigation on microstructural, mechanical and electrochemical properties of aluminum composites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets显示文摘In present study,the microstructure,mechanical and electrochemical properties of aluminum-graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs) composites were investigated before and after extrusion.The contents of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs) were varied from 0.25 to 1.0 wt.%in aluminum matrix.The composites were fabricated thorough powder metallurgy method,and the experimental results revealed that Al-0.25%GNPs composite showed better mechanical properties compared with pure Al,Al-0.50%GNPs and Al-0.1.0%GNPs composites.Before extrusion,the Al-0.25%GNPs composite showed ~13.5%improvement in ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and ~50%enhancement in failure strain over monolithic matrix.On the other hand,Al-0.50%GNPs and Al-0.1.0%GNPs composites showed the tensile strength lower than monolithic matrix.No significant change was observed in 0.2%yield strength(YS) of the composites.However,the extruded materials showed different trends.The0.2%YS of composites increased with increase in GNPs filler weight fractions.Surprisingly,UTS of composites with 0.25 and 0.50%GNPs was lower than monolithic matrix.The failure strain of the baseline matrix was enhanced by ~46%with 0.25%graphene nanoplatelets.The superior mechanical properties(in terms of failure strain) of the Al-0.25%GNPs composite maybe attributed to 2-D structure,high surface area and curled nature of graphene.In addition,the corrosion resistance of pure Al and its composites reinforced with 0.5 and 1.0 wt%GNPs was also investigated.It was found that the corrosion rate increased considerably by the presence of GNPs. | Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan Zhengwen Yu Muhammad Asif Han Lin Rongjian Pan | 2015 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2015，25，5： | 17 |
| 3 | Effect of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)addition on strength and ductility of magnesium-titanium alloys显示文摘Effect of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)addition on mechanical properties of magnesium–10wt%Titanium(Mg–10Ti)alloy is investigated in current work.The Mg-(10Ti+0.18GNPs)composite was synthesized using the semi powder metallurgy method followed by hot extrusion.Microstructural characterization results revealed the uniform distribution of reinforcement(Ti+GNPs)particles in the matrix,therefore(Ti+GNPs)particles act as an effective reinforcing filler to prevent the deformation.Room temperature tensile results showed that the addition of Ti+GNPs to monolithic Mg lead to increase in 0.2%yield strength(0.2%YS),ultimate tensile strength(UTS),and failure strain.Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy(EDS)and X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)were used to investigate the surface morphology,elemental dispersion and phase analysis,respectively. | Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan Aitao Tang Yun Lu Muhammad Asif Shahid Hussain Jia She Jun Gou Jianjun Mao | 2013 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2013，1，3： | 10 |
| 4 | High temperature formability of graphene nanoplatelets-AZ31 composites fabricated by stir-casting method显示文摘Outstanding mechanical properties of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)make them ideal reinforcement for mass production of composites.In this research,the composites were fabricated by stir-casting method.GNPs were added in 1.5 and 3.0 wt.%into Mg–3wt.%Al–1wt.%Zn(AZ31)magnesium alloy.As cast ingots were preheated for one hour and extruded at 350℃ with extrusion ratio of 5.2:1.As extruded AZ31-GNPs composites were micro-structurally characterized with X-ray diffraction,optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.Vickers microhardness of synthesized materials was investigated both in parallel and perpendicular to extrusion directions.Room temperature mechanical testing revealed that with increasing GNP’s content,tensile fracture strain was remarkably increased without significant compromise in tensile strength.Furthermore,as extruded AZ31-3GNPs composites were subjected to tensile testing at temperatures ranging from 75℃ to 300℃ with initial strain rate of 2×10^(−3)s^(−1) to evaluate high temperature formability of composite.It was found that like CNTs,GNPs also have the potential to sustain tensile strength at high temperatures. | Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan Yanglu Liu Xianhua Chen Han Lin Rongjian Pan Muhammad Asif Jia She | 2016 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2016，4，4： | 9 |
| 5 | Improved mechanical proprieties of“magnesium based composites”with titaniume-aluminum hybrids显示文摘In this study,the effect of micron-sized titanium and aluminum addition on the microstructural,mechanical and work-hardening behavior of pure Mg is investigated.Pure Mg reinforced with 10%Ti and 10%Ti-1%Al particulates were synthesized through semi-powder metallurgy route followed by hot extrusion.Semi-powder metallurgy appears to be promising approach for the synthesis of Mg based composite,as it is free of ball milling.Tensile results indicate that the direct addition of micron-sized 10wt.%titanium particulates to pure Mg,caused an improvement in elastic modulus,0.2%yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and failure strain(+72%;+41%;+29%;and+79%respectively).The addition of micron-sized 10wt.%titanium particles along with 1.0wt.%Al particles to pure Mg,resulted in an enhancement in elastic modulus,0.2%yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and failure strain(+74%;+56%;+45%;and+241%respectively).Besides tensile test,Vickers hardness and work-hardening behavior of prepared composites were also examined.Impressive failure strain of Mg-10Ti-1Al composite can be attributed to the better compatibility of Ti particulates with Mg due to presence of alloying element Al. | Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan Muhammad Asif Jia She Ahsan Ullah | 2015 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2015，3，1： | 4 |
| 6 | Corrosion behavior of magnesium-graphene composites in sodium chloride solutions显示文摘Coating of graphene and graphene/polymer composites on metals improves the corrosion resistance of metal substrates.On other hand,graphene embedded inside metal(especially Mg)matrices increases or decreases corrosion,is a crucial factor and must be explored.In present study,electrochemical behaviors of magnesium alloys(AZ31 and AZ61)and their composites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)were carried out in 3.5%NaCl solution by polarization method.The surface morphology of composites before and after corrosion tests were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.Experimental results revealed that presence of graphene nanoplatelets in different matrices decrease corrosion resistance of composites.This may be attributed to presence of graphene nanoplatelets which activates the corrosion of magnesium/alloys due to the occurrence of galvanic corrosion and this effect increases with increasing graphene nanoplatelets content.Further,an appropriate model describing the corrosion mechanism was proposed. | Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan Muhammad Asif Xianhua Chen | 2017 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2017，5，3： | 4 |
| 7 | Enhanced ductility of Mg–3Al–1Zn alloy reinforced with short length multiwalled carbon nanotubes using a powder metallurgy method显示文摘Mg–3Al–1Zn–CNTs composites, with different weight fractions(0.25–1.0 wt%) of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) were successfully fabricated via a powder metallurgy method. The processing parameters were adopted in such a way to have uniform dispersion of short length CNTs without any damage, as well as re fi ned and dissolved β phases structures throughout the composite matrix. The composite exhibited impressive increase in microhardness(about+23%) and tensile failure strain value(about+98%) without signi fi cant compromise in tensile strength, compared to the un-reinforced Mg–3Al–1Zn alloy. The synthesized composites can be used in automotive and aerospace industries due to their low density and high speci fic strength. | Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan Muhammad Asif Li Li | 2015 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2015，25，4： | 3 |
| 8 | Quest for carbon and vanadium oxide based rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries显示文摘Rechargeable magnesium ion batteries are potential candidates to replace the lithium ion batteries due to their high volumetric energy density,dendrite free cycling,and low costs.In present work,we have critically reviewed the recent advances made in the field of cathode materials development to achieve the high reversible capacities and working potentials.In first part,carbon-based cathodes such as fluorinedoped graphene nanosheets and graphite fluoride(CF0.8)are discussed in terms of compatibilities of pos让ive electrode materials and electrolyte solutions for rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries.Whereas,the second part of this review focuses on crystal structure of vanadium oxide and its capability to accommodate the Mg^2+ions.Likewise,electrochemical performance of selected vanadium oxide based cathodes including VO2(B),FeVO4.0.9H2(X Mc)2.5+yVO9+δ,RFC/V2O5 and V2O5/Graphene composite,are discussed at different temperatures.To support the future research on magnesium ion batteries,particularly positive electrode material developments,several innovative research directions are proposed. | Muhammad Rashad Muhammad Asif Iftikhar Ahmed Zhen He Li Yin Zhou Xiao Wei Yuxin Wang | 2020 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2020，8，2： | 3 |
| 9 | Powder metallurgy of Mg–1%Al–1%Sn alloy reinforced with low content of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)显示文摘 | Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan Muhammad Asif Aitao Tang | 2014 | Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry2014，，： | 2 |
| 10 | 偏压对非平衡磁控溅射ZrNbAlN薄膜的成分、力学性能及腐蚀特性的影响(英文)显示文摘采用反应非平衡磁控溅射技术在青铜及Si(100)衬底上沉积不同负偏压(Vb)的纳米ZrNbAlN薄膜。薄膜结构及成分采用X射线光电子能谱及X射线衍射进行表征。结果表明,Zr和Nb的原子浓度受负偏压影响,Vb导致N 1s谱和Al 2p谱的结合能增加及Zr 3d5/2和Nb 3d5/2谱的结合能降低,薄膜表面形貌的演化受控于Vb。X射线衍射谱显示这些薄膜具有(111)择优取向。此外,薄膜的力学特性及腐蚀行为分别通过纳米压痕测试及腐蚀测试表征。当负偏压为-70 V时,纳米压痕测试显示的最大显微硬度为21.85 GPa,ZrNbAlN膜在青铜衬底上的性能远优于未涂层处理的衬底。在0.5 mol/L NaCl和0.5 mol/L HCl溶液中的腐蚀实验表明,腐蚀势能及腐蚀电流依赖于衬底偏压,在-90 V时能够获得较高的抗腐蚀特性。 | 石永敬 潘复生 鲍明东 潘虎成 Muhammad RASHAD | 2014 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2014，24，9： | 2 |
| 11 | Improving properties of Mg with Al–Cu additions显示文摘 | Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan Muhammad Asif Shahid Hussain Muhammad Saleem | 2014 | Materials Characterization2014，，： | 2 |
| 12 | Tritrophic interactions between parasitoids and cereal aphids are mediated by nitrogen fertilizer显示文摘营养的质量能直接并且间接地影响的主人植物第三个营养的层次。aphid-parasitoid 关系提供一个理想的系统调查 tritrophic 相互作用(因为 parasitoids 为他们在他们的主机之上的开发是完全依赖的) 并且在在氮应用程序的不同集中操作的力量上面估计底部。在在 Sitobion avenae (F.) 和 Aphidius rhopalosiphi (D.) 上饲养的 Aphidius colemani (V.) 的表演上改变氮化肥的效果在 Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) 上高耸了被测量。当时, parasitoids 的寄生状态和百分比出现被氮化肥处理断然影响发展持续时间(鸡蛋,幼虫、蛹的阶段) 没被增加氮输入影响。在两 parasitoid 种的男性和女性,成年长寿与增加的氮化肥增加了。两 parasitoid 种的后部的胫骨长度和木乃伊重量与氮化肥集中增加了,由于更大的蚜虫。这研究证明到土壤的那氮应用能有重要后果为未葬 multitrophic 相互作用。 | Muhammad A. Aqueel Abu-bakar M. Raza Rashad M. Balal Muhammad A. Shahid Irfan Mustafa Muhammad M. Javaid simon R. Leather | 2015 | Insect Science2015，22，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of Zener–Hollomon Parameter on High-Temperature Deformation Behaviors of Mg–6Zn–1.5Y–0.5Ce–0.4Zr Alloy显示文摘High-temperature compressive deformation behaviors of Mg–6Zn–1.5Y–0.5Ce–0.4Zr alloy were investigated at temperatures and strain rates ranging from 523 to 673 K and from 0.001 to 1 s~(-1),respectively.The studied alloy was mainly composed ofα-Mg,Mg_(3)Zn_(6)Y(I phase),Mg–Zn–Ce and Mg_(3)Zn_(3)Y_(2)(W phase).The constitutive equation of Mg alloy was obtained,and the apparent activation energy(Q)was determined as 200.44 k J/mol,indicating that rare earth phase increases the difficulty of deformation.The work hardening involves three stages:(1)linear hardening stage;(2)strain hardening stage;and(3)softening and steady-state stage.During these three stages,the dislocation aggregation and tangling,dynamic recovery and recrystallization occur sequentially.To characterize the dynamic recrystallization(DRX)volume fraction,the DRX kinetics was investigated using the Avrami-type equation.The deformation mechanism of magnesium alloy under different Zener–Hollomon parameter(Z)value conditions was also studied.At high Z values and intermediate conditions,dislocations rapidly generate and pile up in the alloy.Recrystallization is hardly seen at this time.At low Z condition,the DRX occurs in the alloy. | Bo Wu Jianbo Li Lizi Liu Xianhua Chen Jun Tan Jiangfeng Song Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan | 2021 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2021，34，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Hot Deformation Behavior and Hardness of a CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloy with High Content of Carbon显示文摘A CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy with a high content of carbon was synthesized,and its hot deformation behavior was studied at the temperatures 800-1000℃at the strain rates ranging from 0.001 to 0.1s^-1.As-prepared alloy is a face-centered cubic-structured solid solution,with a large amount of carbides residing at grain boundaries.True stress-strain curves were employed to develop the constitutive equation of apparent activation energy.The apparent activation energy(Q)was found to be 423 kJ mol^-1,indicating a dynamic flow softening behaviThe size of dynamic recrystallized(DRXed)grains increases with increasing the temperature or decreasing the strain rate.A processing map was sketched on the basis of the flow stress.The temperature range of 900-1000℃and 10^-3-10^-2 6 s^-1 strain rate were found to be the optimum hot-forging parameter.With increasing temperature or decreasing strain rate,the volume fraction of fine carbides(≤1μm)increases.A lot of coarse carbides can be found in the matrix after deformation at 800℃,which leads to a high hardness value of 345 HV.The carbides after deformation at 1000℃are mainly nano-sized M7C3 and M23C6,which can promote the nucleation of DRX. | Yi-Tao Wang Jian-Bo Li Yun-Chang Xin Xian-Hua Chen Muhammad Rashad Bin Liu Yong Liu | 2019 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2019，32，8： | 1 |
| 15 | From Markers to Genome Based Breeding in Horticultural Crops: An Overview显示文摘Molecular markers,genome sequencing and genome editing are considered as efficient tools to accomplish demands of plant breeders for crop improvement programs.Morphological and biochemical markers have not been extensively used as these are greatly influenced by environmental factors.Different molecular markers and sequencing techniques are routinely used in evaluation of genetic diversity and evolutionary relationship,accurate classification or taxonomy,characterization of germplasm,identification of hybrids and phylogenetic studies.Desired and undesired traits controlled by genes can be identified through different molecular markers technology all over the globe.These molecular markers are well established and have successfully been used for genetic analysis of different plants during last two decades.Recently,advanced techniques of molecular markers have been developed,which provide advance genotypic platform and tends to merge valuable properties of many basic systems.New class of markers also includes little modifications in basic methods to enhance the sensitivity and resolution.Biotechnologists,plant breeders and strong investment are strongly linked for crop improvement purposes.Current review provides detailed description of different markers,genome sequencing and genome editing that have been utilized for different genetic analyses of horticultural crops.Genome editing technologies based on CRISPR/Cas are now successfully applied in horticultural crops.Moreover,current review encourages the use of molecular marker technology for DNA fingerprinting,bar coding,sequencing,re-sequencing QTL mapping,genome association mapping and genome editing.It is need of time that diverse germplasm should be identified with different molecular techniques and further utilized in breeding purposes to achieve higher yielding and resistant cultivars against biotic and abiotic stresses. | Riaz Ahmad Muhammad Akbar Anjum Rashad Mukhtar Balal | 2020 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2020，89，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Understanding the low temperature electrochemistry of magnesium-lithium hybrid ion battery in all-phenyl-complex solutions显示文摘Magnesium-lithium hybrid ion batteries have emerged as a new class of energy storage systems owing to dendrite free cycling of magnesium anode and possibility of practice of numerous conventional lithium cathodes.In present work,we used hybrid ion strategy to analyze the performance of lithium titanate based lithium cathode,magnesium metal anode,and all-phenyl complex(APC)electrolytes at different temperatures(25℃,10℃,0℃,-10℃,and-20℃).The hybrid ion battery exhibited excellent rate performance(228 m Ah g^(-1)/20 m A g^(-1) and 163 mAh g^(-1)/1000 mA g^(-1))with stable voltage plateaus at 0.90 and 0.75 V,which corresponds to specific energy of 178 Wh kg^(-1) at room temperature(25℃).Experimental results revealed that APC-THF solutions have strong potential to suppress the freezing of electrolyte solutions owing to low boiling point of THF.The low temperature electrochemical testing revealed the reversible capacities of 213.4,165.5,143.8,133.2 and 78.56 mAh g^(-1) at 25,10,0,-10,and-20℃,respectively.Furthermore,ex-situ XRD,SEM,and EIS tests were carried out to understand the reaction kinetics of both Mg2+and Li+ions inside the lithium titanate cathode.We hope this work will shed light on low temperature prospective of electrochemical devices for use in cold environments. | Muhammad Rashad Muhammad Asif | 2021 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2021，30，5： | 0 |
| 17 | Complex Decision Modeling Framework with Fairly Operators and Quaternion Numbers under Intuitionistic Fuzzy Rough Context显示文摘The main goal of informal computing is to overcome the limitations of hypersensitivity to defects and uncertainty while maintaining a balance between high accuracy,accessibility,and cost-effectiveness.This paper investigates the potential applications of intuitionistic fuzzy sets(IFS)with rough sets in the context of sparse data.When it comes to capture uncertain information emanating fromboth upper and lower approximations,these intuitionistic fuzzy rough numbers(IFRNs)are superior to intuitionistic fuzzy sets and pythagorean fuzzy sets,respectively.We use rough sets in conjunction with IFSs to develop several fairly aggregation operators and analyze their underlying properties.We present numerous impartial laws that incorporate the idea of proportionate dispersion in order to ensure that the membership and non-membership activities of IFRNs are treated equally within these principles.These operations lead to the development of the intuitionistic fuzzy rough weighted fairly aggregation operator(IFRWFA)and intuitionistic fuzzy rough ordered weighted fairly aggregation operator(IFRFOWA).These operators successfully adjust to membership and non-membership categories with fairness and subtlety.We highlight the unique qualities of these suggested aggregation operators and investigate their use in the multiattribute decision-making field.We use the intuitionistic fuzzy rough environment’s architecture to create a novel strategy in situation involving several decision-makers and non-weighted data.Additionally,we developed a novel technique by combining the IFSs with quaternion numbers.We establish a unique connection between alternatives and qualities by using intuitionistic fuzzy quaternion numbers(IFQNs).With the help of this framework,we can simulate uncertainty in real-world situations and address a number of decision-making problems.Using the examples we have released,we offer a sophisticated and systematically constructed illustrative scenario that is intricately woven with the complexity ofmedical evaluation in order to thoroughly assess the relevance and efficacy of the suggested methodology. | Nadeem Salamat Muhammad Kamran Shahzaib Ashraf Manal Elzain Mohammed Abdulla Rashad Ismail Mohammed M.Al-Shamiri | 2024 | Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences2024，139，5： | 0 |
| 18 | Numerical Simulation for Bioconvection of Unsteady Stagnation Point Flow of Oldroyd-B Nanofluid with Activation Energy and Temperature-Based Thermal Conductivity Past a Stretching Disk显示文摘A mathematical modeling is explored to scrutinize the unsteady stagnation point flow of Oldroyd-B nanofluid under the thermal conductivity and solutal diffusivity with bioconvection mechanism.Impacts of Joule heating and Arrhenius activation energy including convective boundary conditions are studied,and the specified surface temperature and constant temperature of wall(CTW)are discussed.The consequences of thermal conductivity and diffusivity are also taken into account.The flow is generated through stretchable disk geometry,and the behavior of non-linear thermal radiation is incorporated in energy equation.The partial differential equations governing the fluid flow in the structure is reduced into dimensionless nonlinear ODEs by applying suitable similarity variables.The obtained system of non-dimensional nonlinear ODEs is treated numerically with the help of bvp4c solver in Matlab under shooting algorithm.The impact of various prominent parameters on velocity profile,thermal profile,volumetric nanoparticle concentration and microorganism distribution is depicted in graphical form.The numerical outcomes for skin friction coefficient,heat transfer rate,Sherwood number as well as microorganism density number versus various parameters are listed in the tables.The results show that fluid velocity is reduced by increasing buoyancy ratio parameter,while the fluid flow increases with mixed convective parameter.The temperature profile is enhanced with the amount of nonlinear thermal radiation and temperature dependent thermal conductivity.Furthermore,concentration profiles of nanoparticles have opposite behavior for Brownian motion coefficient and thermophoresis diffusion parameter,and it is noticed that by varying Peclet number the microorganisms profile is declined.The proposed study is useful to control and optimize heat transfer in industrial applications. | Muhammad Sami Rashad Haihu Liu Shan Ali Khan | 2022 | Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences2022，，1： | 0 |
| 19 | Efect of Thermal Annealing on the Physical Properties of Zn_(1-x)Cu_xSe Thin Films Deposited by Close Spaced Sublimation Technique显示文摘Thin films of Zn1 x Cux Se(x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)were grown on glass substrates by closed space sublimation technique.The deposited films were annealed at 200 C and 400 C in air for 1 h.The annealed samples have been investigated through Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy(RBS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),spectroscopic ellipsometer,spectrophotometer and Raman spectroscopy.Through RBS,the composition of the films was calculated and compared with the initial concentration.Structural characterization including crystal structure,crystal orientation,lattice parameter,grain size,strain and dislocation density were carried out using XRD data.From XRD spectra it was revealed that the as-deposited and annealed films were polycrystalline in nature with zinc-blende structure.However,the crystallinity and the grain size were improved with the increase of annealing temperature.According to Raman spectroscopy,it was observed that as deposited and annealed samples have the same characteristic vibrational modes of ZnSe at low and high frequency optical phonon modes while another mode was observed for 400 C annealed samples at 745 cm 1.Spectroscopic ellipsometer has been used to found annealing efect on the optical properties of ZnSe.The band gap energy has been determined using transmission spectra.It was found that the band gap energy of the film increased with the increase of annealing temperature. | Muhammad Arslan Riaz Muhammad Arshad Mahmood Rashad Rasheed | 2013 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2013，26，6： | 0 |
| 20 | 没有为 tractional 的 endotamponade 的同等 plana vitrectomy 的结果对 proliferative 糖尿病患者 retinopathy 第二等的网膜的分开显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy(PPV) without the use of an ocular tamponade in patients having tractional retinal detachment(TRD) secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).METHODS:It was an interventional study conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology,B.V.Hospital,Bahawalpur,Pakistan,from July 2011 to July 2012.A total of 75 patients(84 eyes) having TRD secondary to PDR were treated by PPV without using an ocular tamponade.All patients included in the study had a tractional retinal detachement secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy but didn’t have or develop retinal breaks before or during the study period.The surgical procedure included a PPV combined with the removal of the tractional retinal membranes and the application of endolaser photocoagulation to the retina.The mean follow-up period was 12 months. RESULTS:Successful retinal reattachement was observed in 78 of the operated eyes(92.8%).In these patients,the retina remained attached till the end of the one year follow-up period.Improvement in best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) was seen in 63 eyes(75%).The visual acuity remained unchanged in 9 eyes(10.7%).Mean improvement in BCVA was 2.00 +1.24 at baseline to 1.24+1.22(P<0.05) at the end of the followup period.CONCLUSION:In the absence of the retinal breaks,a TRD secondary to PDR can be successfully treated by pars plana vitrectomy without the use of an ocular tamponade. | Rao Muhammad Rashad Qamar Muhammad Imran Saleem Muhammad Farhan Saleem | 2013 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2013，6，5： | 0 |
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