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| 1 | Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Spectroscopic Properties of 1,2-Benzothiazine Derivatives:An Experimental and DFT Study显示文摘1,2-Benzothiazine derivatives methyl 3-methoxy-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e] [1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylate 1,1-dioxide(1) and methyl 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2Hbenzo[e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylate 1,1-dioxide(2) were synthesized, and characterized by spectroscopic techniques; 1H-NMR and infrared(IR) spectroscopy. Crystals of 1 and 2 were grown by slow evaporation of methanol and ethyl acetate, respectively and their crystal structures were investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Geometric properties were calculated by the B3 LYP method of density functional theory(DFT) at the 6-31G+(d) basis set to compare with the experimental data. Simulated properties were found in strong agreement with the experimental ones. Intermolecular forces have also been modeled in order to investigate the strength of packing and strong hydrogen bonding was observed in both compounds 1 and 2. Electronic properties such as Ionization Potential(IP), Electron Affinities(EA) and coefficients of the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO) of com- pounds 1 and 2 were simulated for the first time. | MUHAMMAD Nadeem Arshad TARIQ Mahmood ATHER Faroque Khan MUHAMMAD Zia-Ur-Rehman ABDULLAH M.Asiri ISLAM Ullah Khan RIFFAT-Un-Nisa KHURSHID Ayub AZAM Mukhtar MUHAMMAD Tariq Saeed | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry2015，34，1： | 1 |
| 2 | Detection of ROS and translocation of ERP-57 in apoptotic induced human neuroblastoma(SH-SY5Y)cells显示文摘Several toxic compounds are known to induce apoptosis in mammalian cell lines.The human neuroblastoma cells(SHSH-SY5Y)were exposed to the phosphatase inhibiting toxin okadaic acid(OA)or hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)to induce apoptosis as well as generate reactive oxygen species(ROS).Mitoxantrone(MXT)was used as a positive control for apoptosis.The SHSH-SY5Y cells were transfected with eukaryotic expression plasmid pHyPer-dMito encoding mitochondrial-targeted fluorescent or pHyPer-dCito encoding cytoplasmic-targeted fluorescent sensor for hydrogen peroxide(HyPer).The ERp57,also called GRP58(Glucose-regulated protein 58),is a stress protein induced in conditions like glucose starvation and viral infection.Recently ERp57 was shown to translocate from the endoplasmatic reticulum to the cell surface in anthracycline-induced apoptotic cells.ERp57 co-translocation together with calreticulin has been suggested to be crucial for recognizing tumor cells to induce immunogenic cell death.ERp57 translocation after exposure to okadaic acid was studied using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy.These studies indicated that okadaic acid has induced the translocation of ERp57 to the cellular membrane. | ATIF KAMIL MUBARAK ALI KHAN MUHAMMAD AASIM NADIR ZAMAN KHAN RAHAM SHER KHAN MUHSIN JAMAL WAQAR AHMAD MIR AZAM KHAN FAZAL JALIL | 2019 | BIOCELL2019，43，3： | 0 |
| 3 | Design and Implementation of a State-feedback Controller Using LQR Technique显示文摘The main objective of this research is to design a state-feedback controller for the rotary inverted pendulum module utilizing the linear quadratic regulator(LQR)technique.The controller maintains the pendulum in the inverted(upright)position and is robust enough to reject external disturbance to maintain its stability.The research work involves three major contributions:mathematical modeling,simulation,and real-time implementation.To design a controller,mathematical modeling has been done by employing the NewtonEuler,Lagrange method.The resulting model was nonlinear so linearization was required,which has been done around a working point.For the estimation of the controller parameters,MATLAB LQR function has been utilized.Simulation has been performed for the designed controller and it also has been implemented and tested over the real inverted pendulum.From the results,it is vivid that the designed controller keeps the inverted pendulum in an upright position and rejects the disturbances and falling under gravitational force by adjusting the rotation of the horizontal link. | Aamir Shahzad Shadi Munshi Sufyan Azam Muhammad Nasir Khan | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，11： | 0 |
| 4 | Screening outcomes of household contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Peshawar,Pakistan显示文摘Objective:To assess the profile of TB/multidrug-resistant TB(MDR-TB) among household contacts of MDR-TB patients.Methods:Close contacts of MDR-TB patients were traced in the cross-sectional study.Different clinical,radiological and bacteriological were performed to rule out the evidence of TB/MDR-TB.Results:Between January 2012 and December 2012,a total of 200 index MDR-TB patients were initiated on MDR-TB treatment,out of which home visit and contacts screening were conducted for 154 index cases.Of 610 contacts who could be studied,41(17.4%) were diagnosed with MDR-TB and 10(4.2%) had TB.The most common symptoms observed were cough,chest pain and fever.Conclusions:The high incidence of MDR-TB among close contacts emphasize the need for effective contact screening programme of index MDR-TB cases in order to cut the chain of transmission of this disease. | Arshad Javaid Mazhar Ali Khan Mir Azam Khan Sumaira Mehreen Anila Basit Raza Ali Khan Muhammad Ihtesham Irfan Ullah Afsar Khan Ubaid Ullah | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，9： | 0 |
| 5 | Federated Machine Learning Based Fetal Health Prediction Empowered with Bio-Signal Cardiotocography显示文摘Cardiotocography measures the fetal heart rate in the fetus during pregnancy to ensure physical health because cardiotocography gives data about fetal heart rate and uterine shrinkages which is very beneficial to detect whether the fetus is normal or suspect or pathologic.Various cardiotocography measures infer wrongly and give wrong predictions because of human error.The traditional way of reading the cardiotocography measures is the time taken and belongs to numerous human errors as well.Fetal condition is very important to measure at numerous stages and give proper medications to the fetus for its well-being.In the current period Machine learning(ML)is a well-known classification strategy used in the biomedical field on various issues because ML is very fast and gives appropriate results that are better than traditional results.ML techniques play a pivotal role in detecting fetal disease in its early stages.This research article uses Federated machine learning(FML)and ML techniques to classify the condition of the fetus.This study proposed a model for the detection of bio-signal cardiotocography that uses FML and ML techniques to train and test the data.So,the proposed model of FML used numerous data preprocessing techniques to overcome data deficiency and achieves 99.06%and 0.94%of prediction accuracy and misprediction rate,respectively,and parallel the proposed model applying K-nearest neighbor(KNN)and achieves 82.93%and 17.07%of prediction accuracy and misprediction accuracy,respectively.So,by comparing both models FML outperformed the KNN technique and achieved the best and most appropriate prediction results as compared with previous studies the proposed study achieves the best and most accurate results. | Muhammad Umar Nasir Omar Kassem Khalil Karamath Ateeq Bassam SaleemAllah Almogadwy Muhammad Adnan Khan Muhammad Hasnain Azam Khan Muhammad Adnan | 2024 | Computers, Materials & Continua2024，78，3： | 0 |
| 6 | Numerical Analysis of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCov) Pandemic Model with Advection显示文摘Recently,the world is facing the terror of the novel corona-virus,termed as COVID-19.Various health institutes and researchers are continuously striving to control this pandemic.In this article,the SEIAR(susceptible,exposed,infected,symptomatically infected,asymptomatically infected and recovered)infection model of COVID-19 with a constant rate of advection is studied for the disease propagation.A simple model of the disease is extended to an advection model by accommodating the advection process and some appropriate parameters in the system.The continuous model is transposed into a discrete numerical model by discretizing the domains,finitely.To analyze the disease dynamics,a structure preserving non-standard finite difference scheme is designed.Two steady states of the continuous system are described i.e.,virus free steady state and virus existing steady state.Graphical results show that both the steady states of the numerical design coincide with the fixed points of the continuous SEIAR model.Positivity of the state variables is ensured by applying the M-matrix theory.A result for the positivity property is established.For the proposed numerical design,two different types of the stability are investigated.Nonlinear stability and linear stability for the projected scheme is examined by applying some standard results.Von Neuman stability test is applied to ensure linear stability.The reproductive number is described and its pivotal role in stability analysis is also discussed.Consistency and convergence of the numerical model is also studied.Numerical graphs are presented via computer simulations to prove the worth and efficiency of the quarantine factor is explored graphically,which is helpful in controlling the disease dynamics.In the end,the conclusion of the study is also rendered. | Shumaila Azam Nauman Ahmed Ali Raza Muhammad Sajid Iqbal Muhammad Rafiq Ilyas Khan Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar Muhammad Ozair Ahmad Zafar Iqbal | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，6： | 0 |
| 7 | Biological evaluation of some important medicinal plants from Poonch valley, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To estimate the phytochemical composition,antioxidant,antifungal,cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities of three important medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan.METHODS:Phytochemicals were investigated for both qualitative(phenols,flavonoids,alkaloids and saponins)and quantitative(total phenolic and flavonoid contents)analysis of plant extracts prepared in ethanol,ethyl acetate and benzene.Moreover,antioxidant potential was investigated by screening botanical extracts against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay,phosphomolybdenum and total reducing power assay.While,disc diffusion method was used for determination of antifungal potential of all extracts against four pathogenic strains.Furthermore,brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay was conducted for cytotoxic potential and radish seed germination assay was carried out for estimation of allelopathic potential of plant extracts.RESULTS:Phytochemical evaluation showed the presence of phenolics,flavonoids,alkaloids and saponins in almost all plants.In addition to significant antioxidant potential,Rubia cordifolia(ethanolic extract)revealed highest amount of phenolics and flavonoids.The said plant also exhibited good cytotoxic activity.Among plant extracts highest antifungal activity and allelopathic potential was recorded by Oxalis latifolia(ethyl acetate extract).Ethanol and ethyl acetate were observed to be the best choice of solvents.The best solvents-based results were obtained by Ethanol followed by Ethyl acetate and Benzene.CONCLUSION:For further studies,Rubia cordifolia and Oxalis latifolia are the most promising medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan at molecular level in order to isolate the compounds concerning with pronounced activities. | Farmeen Kiran Muhammad Azam Khan Riffat Batool Sobia Kanwal Syed Lal Shah Tariq Mahmood | 2019 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2019，39，6： | 0 |
| 8 | Investigation of functional,physical,mechanical and thermal properties of TiO_2 embedded polyester hybrid composites:A design of experiment(DoE)study显示文摘This paper presents a study on the Design of Experiments(Do E) approach to optimize the fabrication parameters of titania(TiO_2) embedded glass fiber reinforced polyester hybrid composites(HCs). HCs of unsaturated polyester resin(UPR) were fabricated using methyl ethyl ketone peroxide(MEKP) as the curing agent by hand lay-up process(HLUP) and compression molding technique(CMT). The fabrication parameters were optimized by Taguchi Do E(an orthogonal array of L25) using 3 control factors(concentration of TiO_2, concentration of MEKP and curing temperature) having 5 levels each. Statistical tools were employed to identify significant factors affecting tensile strengths and its reproducibility during HLUP. It was found that the concentration of TiO_2 in HCs significantly influenced the tensile strength(TS) followed by MEKP concentration and curing temperature. The highest value of TS was obtained at 3 wt% TiO_2, 2 wt% MEKP and 80 °C. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of TiO_2 concentration was basis for fabrication of polyester titania glass fiber hybrids(PTGFHs), which were further investigated for density and void fractions, linear shrinkage, flexural strength, impact strength, hardness and thermal behaviors. Moreover, cross-linking and hydrogen-bonding between polymeric chains, styrene, silica content of glass fiber and TiO_2 particles in PTGFHs were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. | Muhammad Azeem Munawar Dirk Wolfram Schubert Shahzad Maqsood Khan Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Nafisa Gulld Atif Islam Aneela Sabir Muhammad Shafiq Bilal Haider Mudassar Azam Saba Urooge Khan Monika M.Voigt | 2018 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2018，28，3： | 0 |
| 9 | Multimodal Medical Image Registration and Fusion for Quality Enhancement显示文摘For the last two decades,physicians and clinical experts have used a single imaging modality to identify the normal and abnormal structure of the human body.However,most of the time,medical experts are unable to accurately analyze and examine the information from a single imaging modality due to the limited information.To overcome this problem,a multimodal approach is adopted to increase the qualitative and quantitative medical information which helps the doctors to easily diagnose diseases in their early stages.In the proposed method,a Multi-resolution Rigid Registration(MRR)technique is used for multimodal image registration while Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT)along with Principal Component Averaging(PCAv)is utilized for image fusion.The proposed MRR method provides more accurate results as compared with Single Rigid Registration(SRR),while the proposed DWT-PCAv fusion process adds-on more constructive information with less computational time.The proposed method is tested on CT and MRI brain imaging modalities of the HARVARD dataset.The fusion results of the proposed method are compared with the existing fusion techniques.The quality assessment metrics such as Mutual Information(MI),Normalize Crosscorrelation(NCC)and Feature Mutual Information(FMI)are computed for statistical comparison of the proposed method.The proposed methodology provides more accurate results,better image quality and valuable information for medical diagnoses. | Muhammad Adeel Azam Khan Bahadar Khan Muhammad Ahmad Manuel Mazzara | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，7： | 0 |
| 10 | Baseline Isolated Printed Text Image Database for Pashto Script Recognition显示文摘The optical character recognition for the right to left and cursive languages such as Arabic is challenging and received little attention from researchers in the past compared to the other Latin languages.Moreover,the absence of a standard publicly available dataset for several low-resource lan-guages,including the Pashto language remained a hurdle in the advancement of language processing.Realizing that,a clean dataset is the fundamental and core requirement of character recognition,this research begins with dataset generation and aims at a system capable of complete language understanding.Keeping in view the complete and full autonomous recognition of the cursive Pashto script.The first achievement of this research is a clean and standard dataset for the isolated characters of the Pashto script.In this paper,a database of isolated Pashto characters for forty four alphabets using various font styles has been introduced.In order to overcome the font style shortage,the graphical software Inkscape has been used to generate sufficient image data samples for each character.The dataset has been pre-processed and reduced in dimensions to 32×32 pixels,and further converted into the binary format with a black background and white text so that it resembles the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology(MNIST)database.The benchmark database is publicly available for further research on the standard GitHub and Kaggle database servers both in pixel and Comma Separated Values(CSV)formats. | Arfa Siddiqu Abdul Basit Waheed Noor Muhammad Asfandyar Khan M.Saeed H.Kakar Azam Khan | 2023 | Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing2023，，7： | 0 |
| 11 | HB-Protocol Based Advance Security System for PKES Using Multiple Antennas显示文摘Modern cars are mostly computerized and equipped with passive keyless entry and start(PKES) system. PKES is based on Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) technology for authentication of the authorized drivers. RFID technology has replaced the conventional ways of identification and authorization in order to facilitate users while introducing new security challenges. In this article, we focused on verifying the presence of authorized key in the physical proximity of car by employing multiple antennas. Application of multiple antennas to the currently developed cryptographic algorithms opens a new approach for researchers to improve security of RFID based systems. We propose an advanced security system for PKES using multiple antennas wherein an authorized key passes through multiple vicinities to allow driver to access and start the car. Furthermore, we modified a light-weight cryptographic protocol named as HB(Hopper and Blum) protocol to integrate it with the proposed design based on multiple antennas. Simulation results show improvement in security functionality while keeping in view the efficiency constraints. | Ahmer Khan Jadoon Licheng Wang Muhammad Azam Zia | 2018 | China Communications2018，15，12： | 0 |
| 12 | In Vitro Synthetic Seed Production of Potato under Different Fungicide Levels and Storage Intervals显示文摘Potato propagation through tubers and seed is an inefficient way of propagation thus we propose an alternative method in this study which is in vitro propagation.Plantlets were raised from True Potato Seeds(TPS)in test tubes containing 10 mL of Murashige Skoog(MS)medium.Subculturing was done after every 21 days and after four subsequent subculturing,when there was an adequate quantity of stock material,uninodal cuttings of about 3-4 mm in length were prepared from in vitro proliferated potato plants by excising leaves of 1-2 mm on each side of the node.Prepared uninodal cuttings were cultured on 1/2 strength MS medium for root primordia development.The selected uninodal cuttings with root primordia were encapsulated with sodium alginate solution(3.5%(w/v)),mixed with 1.25%charcoal and different concentration of fungicide(thiophanate methyl,sigma)to enhance the viability percentage of synthetic seed.Furthermore,these encapsulated uninodal cuttings were subjected to different storage intervals to check maximum storage.Results showed that optimum dose for fungicide is 150 mg/L as it resulted in good viability percentage,shoot number,shoot length,rooting percentage,root number,root length and ideal for bead formation with sodium alginate.Similarly,results revealed that encapsulated uninodal cuttings can be stored at a temperature of 4℃ up to 45 days with a survival rate of 63.33%.Encapsulated uninodal cutting stored for 60 days showed a poor viability percentage of about 43.03%.It can be concluded that optimum dose of 150 mg/L with storage time of 45 days should be used to get a better outcome for synthetic potato seed production. | Tahira Kalsoom Touqeer Ahmed Muhammad Azam Khan Mirza Hasanuzzaman Mukhtar Ahmed Stefaan P.O.Werbrouck | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，8： | 0 |
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