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| 1 | Crop photosynthetic response to light quality and light intensity显示文摘Under natural conditions, plants constantly encounter various biotic and abiotic factors, which can potentially restrict plant growth and development and even limit crop productivity. Among various abiotic factors affecting plant photosynthesis, light serves as an important factor that drives carbon metabolism in plants and supports life on earth. The two components of light(light quality and light intensity) greatly affect plant photosynthesis and other plant's morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters. The response of plants to different spectral radiations and intensities differs in various species and also depends on growing conditions. To date, much research has been conducted regarding how different spectral radiations of varying intensity can affect plant growth and development. This review is an effort to briefly summarize the available information on the effects of light components on various plant parameters such as stem and leaf morphology and anatomy, stomatal development, photosynthetic apparatus, pigment composition, reactive oxygen species(ROS) production, antioxidants, and hormone production. | Iram SHAFIQ Sajad HUSSAIN Muhammad Ali RAZA Nasir IQBAL Muhammad Ahsan ASGHAR Ali RAZA FAN Yuan-fang Maryam MUMTAZ Muhammad SHOAIB Muhammad ANSAR Abdul MANAF YANG Wen-yu YANG Feng | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2021，20，1： | 16 |
| 2 | Advanced fabrication for electrospun three-dimensional nanofiber aerogels and scaffolds显示文摘Electrospinning is a versatile strategy for creating nanofiber materials with various structures,which has broad application for a myriad of areas ranging from tissue engineering,energy harvesting,filtration and has become one of the most important academic and technical activities in the field of material science in recent years.In addition to playing a significant role in the construction of two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials,electrospinning holds great promise as a robust method for producing three-dimensional(3D)aerogels and scaffolds.This article reviews and summarizes the recent advanced methods for fabricating electrospun three-dimensional nanofiber aerogels and scaffolds,including gas foaming,direct electrospinning of 3D nanofibrous scaffold,short nanofibers assembling into 3D aerogels/scaffolds,3D printing,electrospray,origami and cell sheet engineering,centrifugal electrospinning,and other methods.Besides,intriguing formation process,crosslinking pathway,properties,and applications of 3D aerogels and scaffolds are also introduced.Taken together,these aerogels and scaffolds with various excellent features present tremendous potential in various fields. | Yujie Chen Muhammad Shafiq Mingyue Liu Yosry Morsi Xiumei Mo | 2020 | Bioactive Materials2020，5，4： | 12 |
| 3 | Far-red light: A regulator of plant morphology and photosynthetic capacity显示文摘Plant photosynthetic capacity directly determines crop yield. Light quality regulates photosynthetic capacity. This review discusses plant responses to far-red light from the phenotypic to the molecular level, focusing specifically on the improvement of photosynthetic capacity by adjustment of photosynthetic electron transport and the path of light energy. Far-red light can also regulate leaf angle and increase plant height and leaf area, via expression of associated genes, to capture more light energy.Thus, far-red light regulates plant morphology and photosynthetic capacity. Identifying the mechanism of this regulation may lead to increased crop yields. | Tingting Tan Shenglan Li Yuanfang Fan Zhonglin Wang Muhammad Ali Raza Iram Shafiq Beibei Wang Xiaoling Wu Taiwen Yong Xiaochun Wang Yushan Wu Feng Yang Wenyu Yang | 2022 | The Crop Journal2022，10，2： | 4 |
| 4 | In situ cardiac regeneration by using neuropeptide substance P and IGF-1C peptide eluting heart patches显示文摘Cardiovascular diseases cause huge socio-economic burden worldwide.Although a mammalian myocardium has its own limited healing capability,scaffold materials capable of releasing stem cell recruiting/engrafting factors may facilitate the regeneration of the infarcted myocardium.The aim of this research was to develop cardiac patches capable of simultaneously eluting substance P(SP)and insulin-like growth factor-1C(IGF-1C)peptide.Polycaprolactone/collagen type 1-based patches with or without SP and IGF-1C peptide were fabricated by co-electrospinning,which exhibited nanofibrous morphology.SP and IGF-1C/SP patches recruited significantly higher numbers of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells than that of the negative control and patch-only groups in vitro.The developed patches were transplanted in an infarcted myocardium for up to 14 days.Mice underwent left anterior descending artery ligation and received one of the following treatments:(i)sham,(ii)saline,(iii)patch-only,(iv)IGF-1C patch,(v)SP patch and(vi)IGF-1C/SP patch.SP and IGF-1C/SP patch-treated groups exhibited better heart function and attenuated adverse cardiac remodeling than that of the saline,patch-only and individual peptide containing cardiac patches.SP patch and IGF-1C/SP patch-treated groups also showed higher numbers of CD31-positive vessels and isolectin B4-positive capillaries than that of other groups.IGF-1C/SP-treated group also showed thicker left ventricular wall in comparison to the saline and patch-only groups.Moreover,IGF-1C/SP patches recruited significantly higher numbers of CD29-positive cells and showed less numbers of Tunel-positive cells compared with the other groups.These data suggest that SP and IGF-1C peptides may act synergistically for in situ tissue repair. | Muhammad Shafiq Yue Zhang Dashuai Zhu Zongxian Zhao Dong-Hwee Kim Soo Hyun Kim Deling Kong | 2018 | Regenerative Biomaterials2018，5，5： | 2 |
| 5 | Cobalt protoporphyrin-induced nano-self-assembly for CT imaging,magnetic-guidance,and antioxidative protection of stem cells in pulmonary fibrosis treatment显示文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)transplantation is a promising approach for pulmonary fibrosis(PF),however it is impeded by several persistent challenges,including the lack of long-term tracking,low retention,and poor survival of MSCs,as well as the low labeling efficiency of nanoprobes.Herein,a cobalt protoporphyrin IX(CoPP)aggregation-induced strategy is applied to develop a multifunctional nano-self-assembly(ASCP)by combining gold nanoparticle(AuNPs),superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(SPIONs),and CoPP through a facile solvent evaporation-driven approach.Since no additional carrier materials are employed during the synthesis,high loading efficiency of active ingredients and excellent biocompatibility are achieved.Additionally,facile modification of the ASCPs with bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne(BCN)groups(named as ASCP-BCN)enables them to effectively label MSCs through bioorthogonal chemistry.The obtained ASCP-BCN could not only help to track MSCs with AuNP-based computed tomography(CT)imaging,but also achieve an SPIONs-assisted magnetic field based improvement in the MSCs retention in lungs as well as promoted the survival of MSCs via the sustained release of CoPP.The in vivo results demonstrated that the labeled MSCs improved the lung functions and alle-viated the fibrosis symptoms in a bleomycin–induced PF mouse model.Collectively,a novel ASCP-BCN multi-functional nanoagent was developed to bioorthogonally-label MSCs with a high efficiency,presenting a promising potential in the high-efficient MSC therapy for PF. | Yimeng Shu Ming Ma Xiaoxia Pan Muhammad Shafiq Huizhu Yu Hangrong Chen | 2023 | Bioactive Materials2023，，3： | 2 |
| 6 | Boundary Layer Flow over a Curved Surface Imbedded in Porous Medium显示文摘This research is made to visualize the boundary layer flow by a curved stretching sheet embedded in porous medium. The geometry is bended(curved), therefore the curvilinear coordinates are used to model the present problem.Fluid is electrically conducting with the presence of uniform magnetic field. The governing non-linear partial differential equation reduces to non-linear ordinary differential equations by using the dimensionless suitable transformations. The numerical solutions are obtained by using the method bvp4c from MATLAB. The effects of curvature parameter, nondimensional magnetic parameter, and porosity parameter on the velocity field and skin friction coefficient are examined.The skin friction profile enhances with enhancing the values of porosity and magnetic parameter. Comparison of the present results with the existing results in the literature for the flat surface is also given. | Shafiq Ahmad S.Nadeem Noor Muhammad | 2019 | Communications in Theoretical Physics2019，71，3： | 2 |
| 7 | Darcy-Forchheimer relation in Casson type MHD nanofluid flow over non-linear stretching surface显示文摘Present article aims to discuss the characteristics of Casson type nanofluid maintained to flow through porous medium over non-linear stretching surface in the perspective of heat and mass transfer developments.A Casson type incompressible viscous nanofluid passes through the given porous medium via Darcy-Forchheimer relation.Slip boundary conditions are used for velocity,temperature and concentration of the nanoparticles.Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis is attended.An induced magnetic field effect is involved to accentuate the thermo-physical characteristics of the nanofluid.The model incorporates boundary layer formulations and small magnetic Reynolds for practical validity.A fourth order Runge-Kutta(RK)scheme is enforced to solve the system numerically.Graphs are prepared for various progressive values of non-dimensionalized parameters whereas;variation in wall drag factor,heat and mass transfer rates is analyzed through numerical data.Results indicate that momentum boundary layer reduces for stronger inertial impact and the resistance offered by the porous media to the fluid flow.Temperature is found as a progressive function for the Brownianmotion factor and thermophoresis.The magnitude of wall drag factor,heat transfer and masstransfer rates shows reduction for progressive values of slip parameters. | Ghulam Rasool Ali J.Chamkha Taseer Muhammad Anum Shafiq Ilyas Khan | 2020 | Propulsion and Power Research2020，9，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Acute postoperative pain man- agement by a surgical team in a tertiary care hospital: patients satisfaction 显示文摘 | Jawaid M Muhammad S Shafiq F | 2009 | Middle East J Anesthesiol2009，20，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Regulation of the macrophage-related inflammatory microenvironment for atherosclerosis treatment and angiogenesis via anti-cytokine agents显示文摘Macrophages-mediated atherosclerosis(AS)is an inflammatory disease and the most common cause of ischemia.With the progress of basic and clinical research,anti-cytokine therapy has garnered considerable attention of the research community for the regulation of the inflammatory microenvironment for AS treatment.Despite of their promising potential,primary clinical trials have revealed that anti-cytokine drugs exhibit poor selectivity and thus affect other parts of the immune system,especially during long-term management.To circumvent these limitations,herein we exploited mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)with a pore size of 15.5 nm as carriers for the anti-interleukin-1β(anti-IL-1β)delivery to be the anti-cytokine agents.In vitro mechanistic studies indicated that the MSNs@anti-IL-1βcan regulate the macrophage-related inflammatory microenvironment,promote the viability of vascular endothelial cells(vECs),and reduce proliferation and phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells(vSMCs).In vivo evaluation further revealed that the MSNs@anti-IL-1βwere preferentially accumulated in macrophages,impeding the AS progress by maintaining the endothelium integrity and inhibiting the vSMCs proliferation.Besides,MSNs@antiIL-1βinduced neovascularization and improved hindlimb ischemia regeneration.Taken together,these MSNs affording the sustained release of anti-cytokine agents may have broad implications for the clinical management of the AS,including the reduction of the AS progression and alleviation of the ischemia. | Hongji Pu Minghua Yao Zhaoyu Wu Zhijue Xu Chaoyi Cui Renhua Huang Muhammad Shafiq Weimin Li Xinwu Lu Bo Li | 2022 | Nano Research2022，15，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Internal model control structure using adaptive inverse control strategy 显示文摘 | Muhammad Shafiq | 2005 | ISA - The Instrumentation Systems and Automation Society2005，44，： | 1 |
| 11 | 2D Carbon Fiber Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Multi-Layered Laminated Composite Panels:Structural,Mechanical,Thermal,and Morphological Profile显示文摘Carbon fiber reinforced high density polyethylene multi-layered laminated composite panels(HDPE/CF MLCP) with excellent in-plane properties along transverse direction have been formulated. Composite architectures with carbon fiber(CF) designed in 2D layout in conventional composites can alleviate their properties in thickness direction, but all attempts so far developed have achieved restrained success. Here,we have exposed an approach to the high strength composite challenge, without altering the 2D stack design on the basis of concept of fiber reinforced laminated composites that would provide enhanced mechanical and thermal properties along transverse direction. CF sheets allowed the buckling of adjoining plies in 2D MLCP. We fabricated 2D MLCP by stacking the alternative CF and HDPE layers under different loading conditions, which resulted in high strength composites. These plies of CF and HDPE served as unit cells for MLCP, with CF offering much-needed fracture toughness and hardness to these materials.For 2D HDPE/CF MLCP, we demonstrated noteworthy improvement in physical and chemical interaction between CF and HDPE, in-plane fracture strain, flexural strength(30.684 MPa), bending modulus(7436.254 MPa), thermal stability(40.94%), and surface morphology, upon increasing the CF layers up to twenty, enabling these composites truly for high temperature and high strength applications. | Shahzad Maqsood Khan Nafisa Gull Muhammad Azeem Munawar Atif Islam Saba Zia Muhammad Shafiq Aneela Sabir Syed Muhammad Awais Muhammad Arif Butt Muhammad Taqi Zahid Butt Tahir Jamil | 2016 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2016，32，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 inhibitors on fatty liver显示文摘BACKGROUND Many studies have investigated the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and its predisposing risk factors,but the conclusions from these studies have been conflicting.More challenging is the fact that no effective treatment is currently available for NAFLD.AIM To determine the effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9(PCSK9)inhibitors on fatty infiltration of the liver.METHODS This retrospective,chart review-based study was conducted on patients,18-yearold and above,who were currently on PCSK9 inhibitor drug therapy.Patients were excluded from the study according to missing pre-or post-treatment imaging or laboratory values,presence of cirrhosis or rhabdomyolysis,or development of acute liver injury during the PCSK9 inhibitor treatment period;the latter being due to false elevation of liver function markers,alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST).Radiographic improvement was assessed by a single radiologist,who read both the pre-and post-treatment images to minimize reading bias.Fatty infiltration of the liver was also assessed by changes in ALT and AST,with pre-and post-treatment levels compared by paired t-test(alpha criterion:0.05).RESULTS Of the 29 patients included in the study,8 were male(27.6%)and 21 were female(72.4%).Essential hypertension was present in 25(86.2%)of the patients,diabetes mellitus in 18(62.1%)and obesity in 15(51.7%).In all,patients were on PCSK9 inhibitors for a mean duration of 23.69±11.18 mo until the most recent ALT and AST measures were obtained.Of the 11 patients who received the radiologic diagnosis of hepatic steatosis,8(72.73%)achieved complete radiologic resolution upon use of PCSK9 inhibitors(mean duration of 17.6 mo).On average,the ALT level(IU/L)decreased from 21.83±11.89 at pretreatment to 17.69±8.00 at posttreatment(2-tailed P=0.042)and AST level(IU/L)decreased from 22.48±9.00 pretreatment to 20.59±5.47 post-treatment(2-tailed P=0.201).CONCLUSION PCSK9 inhibitors can slow down or even completely resolve NAFLD. | Muhammad Shafiq Timothy Walmann Venkat Nutalapati Cheryl Gibson Yousaf Zafar | 2020 | World Journal of Hepatology2020，12，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor‑Recruiting Nanofiber Bandages Promote Multifunctional Skin Regeneration via Improved Angiogenesis and Immunomodulation显示文摘Tissue injury leads to gradients of chemoattractants,which drive multiple processes for tissue repair,including the inflam-matory response as well as endogenous cell recruitment.However,a limited time window for the gradients of chemoattract-ants as well as their poor stability at the injury site may not translate into healthy tissue repair.Consequently,intelligent multifunctional scaffolds with the capability to stabilize injury-induced cytokines and chemokines hold great promise for tissue repair.Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)plays a significant role in wound healing by promoting angiogen-esis.The overarching objective of this research was to develop intelligent multifunctional scaffolds with the capability to endogenously recruit VEGF and promote wound healing via angiogenic and immunomodulatory dual functions.Prominin-1-derived peptide(PR1P)was encapsulated into electrospun poly(L-lactide-coglycolide)/gelatin(P/G)-based bandages.The sustained release of PR1P recruited VEGF in situ,thereby stabilizing the protein concentration peak in vivo and affording a reparative microenvironment with an adequate angiogenic ability at the wound site.Meanwhile,PR1P-recruited VEGF-induced macrophage reprogramming towards M2-like phenotypes further conferred immunomodulatory functions to the bandages.These dual functions of proangiogenesis and immunomodulation formed a cascade amplification,which regulated matrix metalloproteinases(MMP-9)as well as inflammatory factors(nuclear factor(NF)-κb,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α)in the wound microenvironment via the VEGF/macrophages/microenvironment axis.Consequently,the bandages realized multifunctional regeneration in splinted excisional wounds in rats,with or without diabetes,affording a higher skin append-age neogenesis,sensory function,and collagen remodeling.Conclusively,our approach encompassing in situ recruitment of VEGF at the injury site with the capability to promote immunomodulation-mediated tissue repair affords a promising avenue for scarless wound regeneration,which may also have implications for other tissue engineering disciplines. | Yi Chen Zhengchao Yuan Weiyan Sun Muhammad Shafiq Jun Zhu Jiafei Chen Hai Tang Ling Hu Weikang Lin Yanxi Zeng Long Wang Lei Zhang Yunlang She Hui Zheng Guofang Zhao Dong Xie Xiumei Mo Chang Chen | 2023 | Advanced Fiber Materials2023，5，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of health-care pharmaceutical products using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy显示文摘Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) is a sensitive optical technique that is capable of rapid multi-elemental analysis. The development of this technique for elemental analysis of pharmaceutical products may eventually revolutionize the field of human health. Under normal circumstances, the elemental analysis of pharmaceutical products based on chemical methods is time-consuming and complicated. In this investigation, the principal aim is to develop an LIBS-based methodology for elemental analysis of pharmaceutical products. This LIBS technique was utilized for qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of the elements present in Ca-based tablets. All the elements present in the tablets were detected and their percentage compositions were verified in a single shot, using the proposed instrument. These elements(e.g., Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and others) were identified by the wavelengths of their spectral lines, which were verified using the NIST database. The approximate amount of each element was determined based on their observed peaks and the result was in exact agreement with the content specification. The determination of the composition of prescription drug for patients is highly important in numerous circumstances. For example, the exploitation of LIBS may facilitate elemental decomposition of medicines to determine the accuracy of the stated composition information. Moreover, the approach can provide element-specific, meaningful, and accurate information related to pharmaceutical products. | Sobia Nisar Ghulam Dastgeer Muhammad Shafiq Muhammad Usman | 2019 | Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis2019，9，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Design of Latency-Aware IoT Modules in Heterogeneous Fog-Cloud Computing Networks显示文摘The modern paradigm of the Internet of Things(IoT)has led to a significant increase in demand for latency-sensitive applications in Fog-based cloud computing.However,such applications cannot meet strict quality of service(QoS)requirements.The large-scale deployment of IoT requires more effective use of network infrastructure to ensure QoS when processing big data.Generally,cloud-centric IoT application deployment involves different modules running on terminal devices and cloud servers.Fog devices with different computing capabilities must process the data generated by the end device,so deploying latency-sensitive applications in a heterogeneous fog computing environment is a difficult task.In addition,when there is an inconsistent connection delay between the fog and the terminal device,the deployment of such applications becomes more complicated.In this article,we propose an algorithm that can effectively place application modules on network nodes while considering connection delay,processing power,and sensing data volume.Compared with traditional cloud computing deployment,we conducted simulations in iFogSim to confirm the effectiveness of the algorithm.The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of end-to-end delay and network consumption.Therein,latency and execution time is insensitive to the number of sensors. | Syed Rizwan Hassan Ishtiaq Ahmad Jamel Nebhen Ateeq Ur Rehman Muhammad Shafiq Jin-Ghoo Choi | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Synthesis of new sulfonamides as lipoxygenase inhibitors显示文摘 | Ghulam Mustafa Islam Ullah Khan Muhammad Ashraf Iftikhar Afzal Sohail Anjum Shahzad Muhammad Shafiq | 2012 | Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry2012，，8： | 1 |
| 17 | Liver-Tumor Detection Using CNN ResUNet显示文摘Liver tumor is the fifth most occurring type of tumor in men and the ninth most occurring type of tumor in women according to recent reports of Global cancer statistics 2018.There are several imaging tests like Computed Tomography(CT),Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI),and ultrasound that can diagnose the liver tumor after taking the sample from the tissue of the liver.These tests are costly and time-consuming.This paper proposed that image processing through deep learning Convolutional Neural Network(CNNs)ResUNet model that can be helpful for the early diagnose of tumor instead of conventional methods.The existing studies have mainly used the two Cascaded CNNs for liver segmentation and evaluation of Region Of Interest(ROI).This study uses ResUNet,an updated version of U-Net and ResNet Models that utilize the service of Residential blocks.We apply over method on the 3D-IRCADb01 dataset that is based on CT slices of liver tumor affected patients.The results showed the True Value Accuracy around 99%and F1 score performance around 95%.This method will be helpful for early and accurate diagnose of the Liver tumor to save the lives of many patients in the field of Biotechnology. | Muhammad Sohaib Aslam Muhammad Younas Muhammad Umar Sarwar Muhammad Arif Shah Atif Khan MIrfan Uddin Shafiq Ahmad Muhammad Firdausi Mazen Zaindin | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，5： | 0 |
| 18 | Implementation of VLSI on Signal Processing-Based Digital Architecture Using AES Algorithm显示文摘Continuous improvements in very-large-scale integration(VLSI)technology and design software have significantly broadened the scope of digital signal processing(DSP)applications.The use of application-specific integrated circuits(ASICs)and programmable digital signal processors for many DSP applications have changed,even though new system implementations based on reconfigurable computing are becoming more complex.Adaptable platforms that combine hardware and software programmability efficiency are rapidly maturing with discrete wavelet transformation(DWT)and sophisticated computerized design techniques,which are much needed in today’s modern world.New research and commercial efforts to sustain power optimization,cost savings,and improved runtime effectiveness have been initiated as initial reconfigurable technologies have emerged.Hence,in this paper,it is proposed that theDWTmethod can be implemented on a fieldprogrammable gate array in a digital architecture(FPGA-DA).We examined the effects of quantization on DWTperformance in classification problems to demonstrate its reliability concerning fixed-point math implementations.The Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)algorithm for DWT learning used in this architecture is less responsive to resampling errors than the previously proposed solution in the literature using the artificial neural networks(ANN)method.By reducing hardware area by 57%,the proposed system has a higher throughput rate of 88.72%,reliability analysis of 95.5%compared to the other standard methods. | Mohanapriya Marimuthu Santhosh Rajendran Reshma Radhakrishnan Kalpana Rengarajan Shahzada Khurram Shafiq Ahmad Abdelaty Edrees Sayed Muhammad Shafiq | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，，3： | 0 |
| 19 | Investigation of E-H mode transition in magnetic-pole-enhanced inductively coupled neon-argon mixture plasma显示文摘In this paper,E-H mode transition in magnetic-pole-enhanced inductively coupled neon-argon mixture plasma is investigated in terms of fundamental plasma parameters as a function of argon fraction(0%-100%),operating pressure(1 Pa,5 Pa,10 Pa and 50 Pa),and radio frequency(RF)power(5-100 W).An RF compensated Langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy are used for the diagnostics of the plasma under study.Owing to the lower ionization potential and higher collision cross-section of argon,when its fraction in the discharge is increased,the mode transition occurs at lower RF power;i.e.for 0%argon and1 Pa pressure,the threshold power of the E-H mode transition is 65 W,which reduces to 20 W when the argon fraction is increased.The electron density increases with the argon fraction at afixed pressure,whereas the temperature decreases with the argon fraction.The relaxation length of the low-energy electrons increases,and decreases for high-energy electrons with argon fraction,due to the Ramseur effect.However,the relaxation length of both groups of electrons decreases with pressure due to reduction in the mean free path.The electron energy probability function(EEPF)profiles are non-Maxwellian in E-mode,attributable to the nonlocal electron kinetics in this mode;however,they evolve to Maxwellian distribution when the discharge transforms to H-mode due to lower electron temperature and higher electron density in H-mode.The tail of the measured EEPFs is found to deplete in both E-and H-modes when the argon fraction in the discharge is increased,because argon has a much lower excitation potential(11.5 eV)than neon(16.6 eV). | Zahid Iqbal KHATTAK Abdul Waheed KHAN Faiq JAN Muhammad SHAFIQ | 2020 | Plasma Science and Technology2020，22，6： | 0 |
| 20 | Efficient Joint Key Authentication Model in E-Healthcare显示文摘Many patients have begun to use mobile applications to handle different health needs because they can better access high-speed Internet and smartphones.These devices and mobile applications are now increasingly used and integrated through the medical Internet of Things(mIoT).mIoT is an important part of the digital transformation of healthcare,because it can introduce new business models and allow efficiency improvements,cost control and improve patient experience.In the mIoT system,when migrating from traditional medical services to electronic medical services,patient protection and privacy are the priorities of each stakeholder.Therefore,it is recommended to use different user authentication and authorization methods to improve security and privacy.In this paper,our prosed model involves a shared identity verification process with different situations in the e-health system.We aim to reduce the strict and formal specification of the joint key authentication model.We use the AVISPA tool to verify through the wellknown HLPSL specification language to develop user authentication and smart card use cases in a user-friendly environment.Our model has economic and strategic advantages for healthcare organizations and healthcare workers.The medical staff can increase their knowledge and ability to analyze medical data more easily.Our model can continuously track health indicators to automatically manage treatments and monitor health data in real time.Further,it can help customers prevent chronic diseases with the enhanced cognitive functions support.The necessity for efficient identity verification in e-health care is even more crucial for cognitive mitigation because we increasingly rely on mIoT systems. | Muhammad Sajjad Tauqeer Safdar Malik Shahzada Khurram Akber Abid Gardezi Fawaz Alassery Habib Hamam Omar Cheikhrouhou Muhammad Shafiq | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，5： | 0 |
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