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| 1 | Numerical and experimental investigations of liquid mixing in two-stage micro-impinging stream reactors显示文摘A two-stage micro-impinging stream reactor(TS-MISR) that combined a first pre-mixing stage with a second micro-impinging stream reacting stage for continuous multi-component reacting systems has been built from commercial T-junctions and steel micro-capillaries. Both of operating parameters and reactor configurations,such as jet Reynolds number(Rej), volumetric flow ratio(R), the first-stage junction angle(φ), the connecting capillary length(Lc) and connecting capillary diameter(dc), had significant effects on the micromixing efficiency of the reactor. Such effects were investigated for both of the two stage structures, respectively, by experimental and CFD methods and were optimized for the best micromixing performance. Intensified micromixing among at least three reacting components can be achieved in a continuous mode by using TS-MISR; therefore, it is expected that the TS-MISR will produce products of higher quality with more uniform and stable element distribution. | Tianyu Guo Bin Ruan Zhiwei Liu Muhammad Ali Jamal Lixiong Wen Jianfeng Chen | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2017，25，4： | 6 |
| 2 | First report on molecular characterization of Leishmania species from cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan显示文摘Objective: To report presence of Leishmania major in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan, where cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) is endemic and was thought to be caused by Leishmania tropica only. Methods: Biopsy samples from 432 CL suspected patients were collected from 3 southern districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during years 2011–2016. Microscopy on Giemsa stained slides were done followed by amplification of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 gene. Results: Leishmania amastigotes were detected by microscopy in 308 of 432 samples(71.3%) while 374 out of 432 samples(86.6%) were positive by ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 PCR. Subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism confirmed Leishmania tropica in 351 and Leishmania major in 6 biopsy samples. Conclusions: This study is the first molecular characterization of Leishmania species in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It confirmed the previous assumptions that anthroponotic CL is the major CL form present in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Furthermore, this is the first report of Leishmania major from a classical anthroponotic CL endemic focus identified in rural areas of Kohat district in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. | Mubbashir Hussain Shahzad Munir Sultan Ayaz Bahar Ullah Khattak Taj Ali Khan Niaz Muhammad Muhammad Anees Hazir Rahman Muhammad Qasim Muhammad Ameen Jamal Irfan Ahmed Kashif Rahim Humaira Mazhar Noha Watanay Mohamed Kasbari | 2017 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2017，10，7： | 1 |
| 3 | Distribution, toxicity level, and concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soil and groundwater of Rawalpindi, Pakistan显示文摘 | Beenish Saba Imran Hashmi Muhammad Ali Awan Habib Nasir Sher Jamal Khan | 2012 | 2012 (1-3)2012，，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Heat Transfer Enhancement of an Automobile Engine Radiator using ZnO Water Base Nanofluids显示文摘In this research paper, the forced convective heat transfer enhancement of a Suzuki Mehran(VXR) 2016 radiator(heat exchanger) along with pressure drop and friction factor by utilizing Zinc oxide(Zn O) water based nanofluids has been experimentally studied. Three types of nanofluids with different volumetric concentrations of Zn O nanoparticles(0–0.3%) were employed in order to understand its effect on heat transfer enhancement. The experimental setup was completely designed as closely as possible to the car cooling system. The experimentation has been done under laminar flow conditions(186≤Re≤1127) at different fluid volume flow rates(2–12 L/min) and constant fluid inlet temperature(70°C) to the automobile radiator. A maximum enhancement in heat transfer rate, overall heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number was obtained up to 41%, 50% and 31% by using nanofluid with 0.2% volumetric concentration of nanoparticles respectively. On the other hand, the mean enhancement in pressure drop and friction factor was obtained up to 47% and 46% by using nanofluid with the same volumetric concentration of nanoparticles i.e. 0.2% respectively. The experimental results also revealed that the heat transfer rate, overall heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number of nanofluids increases by increasing the volume flow rates and volumetric concentration of nanoparticles. However, these thermal performance parameters of nanofluids started to decline when the volumetric concentration of nanoparticles was increased from 0.2% to 0.3%. Furthermore, pressure drop and friction factor of nanofluids increase by increasing the volumetric concentration of nanoparticles, while pressure drop increases and friction factor decreases by increasing the volume flow rate of nanofluids respectively. At the end, the thermal efficiency of automobile radiator with high cooling rates was obtained by using nanofluid with 0.2% volumetric concentration of nanoparticles. | Muhammad QASIM Muhammad SAJID KAMRAN Muhammad AMMAR Muhammad ALI JAMAL Muhammad YASAR JAVAID | 2020 | Journal of Thermal Science2020，29，4： | 0 |
| 5 | Detection of ROS and translocation of ERP-57 in apoptotic induced human neuroblastoma(SH-SY5Y)cells显示文摘Several toxic compounds are known to induce apoptosis in mammalian cell lines.The human neuroblastoma cells(SHSH-SY5Y)were exposed to the phosphatase inhibiting toxin okadaic acid(OA)or hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)to induce apoptosis as well as generate reactive oxygen species(ROS).Mitoxantrone(MXT)was used as a positive control for apoptosis.The SHSH-SY5Y cells were transfected with eukaryotic expression plasmid pHyPer-dMito encoding mitochondrial-targeted fluorescent or pHyPer-dCito encoding cytoplasmic-targeted fluorescent sensor for hydrogen peroxide(HyPer).The ERp57,also called GRP58(Glucose-regulated protein 58),is a stress protein induced in conditions like glucose starvation and viral infection.Recently ERp57 was shown to translocate from the endoplasmatic reticulum to the cell surface in anthracycline-induced apoptotic cells.ERp57 co-translocation together with calreticulin has been suggested to be crucial for recognizing tumor cells to induce immunogenic cell death.ERp57 translocation after exposure to okadaic acid was studied using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy.These studies indicated that okadaic acid has induced the translocation of ERp57 to the cellular membrane. | ATIF KAMIL MUBARAK ALI KHAN MUHAMMAD AASIM NADIR ZAMAN KHAN RAHAM SHER KHAN MUHSIN JAMAL WAQAR AHMAD MIR AZAM KHAN FAZAL JALIL | 2019 | BIOCELL2019，43，3： | 0 |
| 6 | Bacterial Spectrum and Antimicrobial Profile of Pediatric Blood Stream Infection at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan显示文摘Objectives Blood stream infections(BSIs)are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide.The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of BSI with a focus on the identification of the causative agent of BSI,and to further evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility profile of the causing bacterial pathogens.Methods A cross-section study was carried out at the tertiary care hospital in Peshawar,Pakistan from January to December,2018.Blood samples were collected in BACTEC™botdes and standard microbiological protocols were applied for the isolation and identification of bacterial strains.The antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using disc diffusion method as per the 2014 guideline of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute(CLSI).Results Of 567 blood cultures in total,111(19.6%)were positive for BSI.Male children were 64%(71/111)and female children were 36%(40/111).For the causative predominant group of microorganisms,Gramnegative bacteria were identified in 79(71.1%)isolates,and Gram-positive bacteria in 32(28.9%)isolates.The common bacteria of isolates were S.typhi(n=35,31.5%),E.coli(n=19,17.1%),S.aureus(n=18,16.2%),K.pneumonia(n=12,10.8%),and Enterococcus species(n=7,6.3%).The 36.7%(29/79)isolates of Gram-negative bacteria were ESBL producers,and 61.1%(11/18)of S.aureus isolates were methicillin resistant.Overall,72.9%isolates were multidrug resistant.Conclusions Gram-negative bacteria were the main cause of pediatric BSIs,where the predominant microorganism was S.卯hi.Remarkably,majority of the S.typhi isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. | Anees Muhammad Sadiq Noor Khan Tahir Jamal Irshad Ul Haq Abdul Jabbar Ihsan Ali | 2020 | Chinese Medical Sciences Journal2020，35，4： | 0 |
| 7 | Compact Multibeam Array with Miniaturized Butler Matrix for 5G Applications显示文摘This paper presents the design and implementation of a miniaturized beam steering network that produces broadside beams when it is fed with a compact antenna array.Butler Matrix(BM)was used as the beam steering network.It was completely built from a miniaturized 3 dB hybrid-couplers in planar microstrip technology.It was configured by feeding the BM with a Planar Inverted-E Antenna(PIEA)array separated at 0.3λas against the 0.5λseparation.This makes the BM produce a major radiation pattern at the broadside.Apart from the miniaturization,no modification was made from the BM side.However,employing effective mutual coupling reduction techniques helped to design the compact PIEA array.The validity of this BM based multibeam PIEA array was demonstrated by comparing the simulation results of the reflection coefficients,transmissions coefficients and the radiation pattern with measurements.The measurement results showed good agreement with simulations. | Suleiman A.Babale Muhammad K.Ishfaq Ali Raza Jamal Nasir Ahmad Fayyaz Umer Ijaz | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，7： | 0 |
| 8 | Brain Tumor Detection and Classification Using PSO and Convolutional Neural Network显示文摘Tumor detection has been an active research topic in recent years due to the high mortality rate.Computer vision(CV)and image processing techniques have recently become popular for detecting tumors inMRI images.The automated detection process is simpler and takes less time than manual processing.In addition,the difference in the expanding shape of brain tumor tissues complicates and complicates tumor detection for clinicians.We proposed a newframework for tumor detection aswell as tumor classification into relevant categories in this paper.For tumor segmentation,the proposed framework employs the Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm,and for classification,the convolutional neural network(CNN)algorithm.Popular preprocessing techniques such as noise removal,image sharpening,and skull stripping are used at the start of the segmentation process.Then,PSO-based segmentation is applied.In the classification step,two pre-trained CNN models,alexnet and inception-V3,are used and trained using transfer learning.Using a serial approach,features are extracted from both trained models and fused features for final classification.For classification,a variety of machine learning classifiers are used.Average dice values on datasets BRATS-2018 and BRATS-2017 are 98.11 percent and 98.25 percent,respectively,whereas average jaccard values are 96.30 percent and 96.57%(Segmentation Results).The results were extended on the same datasets for classification and achieved 99.0%accuracy,sensitivity of 0.99,specificity of 0.99,and precision of 0.99.Finally,the proposed method is compared to state-of-the-art existingmethods and outperforms them. | Muhammad Ali Jamal Hussain Shah Muhammad Attique Khan Majed Alhaisoni Usman Tariq Tallha Akram Ye Jin Kim Byoungchol Chang | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，12： | 0 |
| 9 | Molecular detection of Leishmania species in human and animals from cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic areas of Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan显示文摘Objectives: To detect Leishmania species in human patients, animal reservoirs and Phlebotomus sandflies in Waziristan, Pakistan. Methods: Tissue smears and aspirates from 448 cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) suspected patients were analyzed. To sort out role of the reservoir hosts, skin scrapings, spleen and liver samples from 104 rodents were collected. Furthermore, buffy coat samples were obtained from 60 domestic animals. Sandflies were also trapped. All human, animals and sandfly samples were tested by microscopy, kinetoplastic PCR and internal transcribed spacer 1(ITS1) PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism for detection of Leishmania species. Results: An overall prevalence of 3.83% and 5.21% through microscopy and ITS1 PCR respectively was found. However, the statistically non-significant correlation was found between area, gender, and number of lesions. The presence of rodents, sandflies, domestic animals and internally displaced people increased the risk of CL. Using ITS1-PCR-RFLP, Leishmania tropica(L. tropica) was confirmed in 106 samples while 25 of the isolates were diagnosed as Leishmania major(L. major). Similarly, 3/104 rodents were positive for L. major and 14 pools of DNA samples containing Phlebotomus sergenti sandflies were positive for L. tropica. None of samples from domestic animals were positive for leishmaniasis. Conclusions: In the present study, L. tropica and L. major are found to be the main causative agents of CL in study area. Movement of internally displaced people from CL endemic areas presents a risk for nearby CL free areas. To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time L. major infection in rodents(Rattus rattus) and L. tropica in Phlebotomus sergenti sandflies trapped in Waziristan, Pakistan. | Mubashir Hussain Shahzad Munir Abdullah Jalal Taj Ali Khan Niaz Muhammad Bahar Ullah Khattak Abdullah Khan Irfan Ahmed Zulqarnain Baloch Nawaz Haider Bashir Muhammad Ameen Jamal Kashif Rahim Humaira Mazhar Maira Riaz Noha Watany | 2018 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2018，11，8： | 0 |
| 10 | COVID-19 Infected Lung Computed Tomography Segmentation and Supervised Classification Approach显示文摘The purpose of this research is the segmentation of lungs computed tomography(CT)scan for the diagnosis of COVID-19 by using machine learning methods.Our dataset contains data from patients who are prone to the epidemic.It contains three types of lungs CT images(Normal,Pneumonia,and COVID-19)collected from two different sources;the first one is the Radiology Department of Nishtar Hospital Multan and Civil Hospital Bahawalpur,Pakistan,and the second one is a publicly free available medical imaging database known as Radiopaedia.For the preprocessing,a novel fuzzy c-mean automated region-growing segmentation approach is deployed to take an automated region of interest(ROIs)and acquire 52 hybrid statistical features for each ROIs.Also,12 optimized statistical features are selected via the chi-square feature reduction technique.For the classification,five machine learning classifiers named as deep learning J4,multilayer perceptron,support vector machine,random forest,and naive Bayes are deployed to optimize the hybrid statistical features dataset.It is observed that the deep learning J4 has promising results(sensitivity and specificity:0.987;accuracy:98.67%)among all the deployed classifiers.As a complementary study,a statistical work is devoted to the use of a new statistical model to fit the main datasets of COVID-19 collected in Pakistan. | Aqib Ali Wali Khan Mashwani Samreen Naeem Muhammad Irfan Uddin Wiyada Kumam Poom Kumam Hussam Alrabaiah Farrukh Jamal Christophe Chesneau | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，7： | 0 |
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