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| 1 | 西印度洋地区海草生态系统显示文摘海草是海洋被子植物,广泛分布在温带和热带的海岸带水域,是地球上水生生态系统中最具生产力的生物之一。在西印度洋地区大概有13种海草,这些海草覆盖了12000kg海岸线的近岸柔软海底广大区域。海草床一般分布在潮间带和潮下带,有时向下延伸至40m,并经常出现在珊瑚礁和红树林附近。由于具有很高的初级生产力和复杂的栖息环境,海草供养了许多底栖生物和浮游生物。许多鱼类和贝类,包括那些具有商业价值的种类都被吸引到海草栖息地,将海草作为其食物来源和避难场所,特别是在它们的幼年期。分布在西印度洋海草床附近广泛而丰富的鱼类资源就足以说明这一点。这些鱼分别属于天竺鲷科、亚科、玻甲鱼科、银鲈科、虾虎鱼科、隆头鱼科、裸颊鲷科、笛鲷科、单角亚科、鹦嘴鱼科、科、篮子鱼科、海龙科和Teraponidae科。因此,西印度洋地区的海草生态系统无论对当地还是整个地区的渔业发展都是非常有价值的资源。尽管如此,与其他地区相比,该地区有关海草资源的研究还十分缺乏,而且大多数研究也都集中在植物多样性和生态学上。本文主要阐述西印度洋地区海草床研究现状,特别强调鱼类和渔业。目前,该课题的大多数研究主要是在东非海岸开展的,如肯尼亚,坦桑尼亚,莫桑比克以及南非东部地区,而在索马里和西印度洋地区的岛屿国家(塞舌尔、科摩罗、法属留尼旺岛、毛里求斯、马达加斯加等)此类研究却很少,有关海草鱼类生态系统的论文也少有发表,而且大部分都是描述性的。因此,需要通过研究和实验获得有关描述模式和处理方法的科学知识。关于海草鱼类群落的定量研究,类似本文所介绍的案例研究在西印度洋地区是很少的,而这些研究对于渔业的管理前景而言是必不可少的。值得强调的是由于海岸人口的不断增长以及人类活动的侵扰给该地区海草床带来的压力与日俱增,如污染,海水富营养化,沉积作用,捕鱼以及无脊椎动物的采集等活动,而这些活动对于海草床的影响却鲜为人知。因此,需要开展广泛的研究,为西印度洋地区海草生态系统可持续管理提供有用的信息服务。 | Martin Gullstrm Maricela de la Torre Castro Salomo O.Bandeira Mats Bjrk Mattis Dahlberg Nils Kautsky Patrik Rnnbck Marcus C.hman 章任群 | 2002 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2002，31，7： | 2 |
| 2 | Ahernate-day fasting in nonobese subjects: effects on body weight, body composition, and energy metabolism显示文摘 | Heilbronn LK Smith SR Martin CK | 2005 | Am J Clin Nutr2005，81，： | 1 |
| 3 | Zoledronic Acid Reduces Bone Loss and Tumor Growth in an Orthotopic Xenograft Model of Osteolytic Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma 显示文摘 | Martin CK Werbeck JL Thudi NK | 2010 | Cancer Res2010，70，21： | 1 |
| 4 | The role of thiamine deficiency in alcoholic brain disease显示文摘 | Martin PR Singleton CK Hiller Sturmhofel S | 2003 | Alcohol Res Health2003，27，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Lorcaserin, a 5-HT (2C)receptor agonist, reduces body weight by decreasing energy intake without influencing energy expenditure 显示文摘 | Martin CK Redman LM Zhang J | 2011 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2011，96，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Serum inhibin B in poly- cystic ovary syndrome:regulation by insulin and luteinizing hor- mone 显示文摘 | Welt CK Taylor AE Martin KA | 2002 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2002，87，12： | 1 |
| 7 | Effects of stevia, aspartame, and sucrose on food intake, satiety, and postprandial glucose and insulin levels 显示文摘 | Anton SD Martin CK Han H | 2010 | Appetite2010，55，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Storage media for avulsed teeth:a literature review显示文摘 | Poi WR Sonoda CK Martins CM | 2013 | Braz Dent J2013，24，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Serum inhibin B in poly-cystic ovary syndrome: regulation by insulin and luteinizing hormone显示文摘 | Welt CK Taylor AE Martin KA | 2002 | J Clin Endoerinol Metab2002，87，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Effects of denosumab treatment and discontinuation on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women with low bone mass显示文摘 | Bone HG Bolognese MA Yuen CK Kendler DL Miller PD Yang YC Grazette L San Martin J Gallagher JC | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Loss of heterozygosity events impeding breast cancer metastasis contain the MTA1 gene显示文摘 | Martin MD Fischbach K Osborne CK | 2001 | Cancer Res2001，61，9： | 1 |
| 12 | Effect of caloric restriction in non-obese humans on physiological, psychological and behavioral outcomes显示文摘 | Redman LM Martin CK Williamson DA | 2008 | Physiol Behav2008，94，5： | 1 |
| 13 | PillCamColon2 after incomplete colonoscopy-A prospective multicenter study显示文摘AIM To evaluate the ability of PillCamColon2 to visualize colonic segments missed by incomplete optical colonoscopy(OC) and to assess the diagnostic yield.METHODS This prospective multicentre study included 81 patients from nine centres who underwent second-generation colon capsule endoscopy(CCE) following incomplete OC performed by an experienced gastroenterologist(> 1000 colonoscopies). Patients with stenosis were excluded. According to patient preferences, CCE was performed the following day(protocol A) after staying on clear liquids and 0.75 L Moviprep in the morning or within 30 d after new split-dose Moviprep(protocol B). Boosts consisted of 0.75 L and 0.25 L Moviprep, and phospho-soda was given as a rescue if the capsule was not excreted after seven hours.RESULTS Seventy-four patients were analysed(51% of them in group A; 49% in group B). Bowel cleansing was adequate in 67% of cases, and CCE could visualize colonic segments missed by incomplete colonoscopy in 90% of patients under protocol A and 97% of patients under protocol B(P = 0.35, n.s.). Significant polyps including adenocarcinoma were detected in 24% of cases. Detection rates for all polyps and significant polyps per patient were similar in both protocols. Polyps were found predominantly in the right colon(86%) in segments that were not reached by OC. Extracolonic findings-such as reflux esophagitis, suspected Barrett esophagus, upper GI-bleeding, gastric polyps, gastric erosions and angiectasia-were detected in eight patients. Pill Cam Colon2 capsule was retained in the ileum of one patient(1.4%) without symptoms and removed during an uneventful resection for unknown Crohn's disease that was diagnosed as the cause of anemia, which was the indication for colonoscopy. CCE was well tolerated. One patient suffered from selflimiting vomiting after consuming the phospho-soda.CONCLUSION Second-generation CCE using a low-volume preparation is useful after incomplete OC, and it allows for the detection of additional relevant findings, but cleansing efficiency could be improved. | Peter Baltes Marc Bota Jorg Albert Michael Philipper Hans-Georg Horster Friedrich Hagenmüller Ingo Steinbrück Ralf Jakobs Matthias Bechtler Dirk Hartmann Horst Neuhaus Jean-Pierre Charton Rupert Mayershofer Horst Hohn Thomas Rosch Stefan Groth Tanja Nowak Peter Wohlmuth Martin Keuchel | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，31： | 1 |
| 14 | Zoledronic acid reduces bone loss and tumor growth in an orthotopic xenograft model of osteolytic oral squamous cell Carcinoma 显示文摘 | Martin CK Werbeck JL Thudi NK | 2010 | Cancer Res2010，70，21： | 1 |
| 15 | A double-blind, sham-con- trolled trial of transeranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of depression显示文摘 | Loo CK Sachdev P Martin D et ai | 2010 | Int J Neuropsychopharmacol2010，13，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Measurements of primary trace gases and NO Y composition in Houston, Texas显示文摘 | Winston T. Luke Paul Kelley Barry L. Lefer James Flynn Bernhard Rappenglück Michael Leuchner Jack E. Dibb Luke D. Ziemba Casey H. Anderson Martin Buhr | 2009 | Atmospheric Environment2009，，33： | 1 |
| 17 | Profiles of sedentary behavior in children and adolescents: The US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 -2006 显示文摘 | SISSON SB CHURCH TS MARTIN CK | 2009 | Int J Pediatr Obes2009，4，4： | 1 |
| 18 | AJternate-day lasting in nonobese subjects: effects on body weight, body composition, and energy metabnlism 显示文摘 | Heilbronn LK Smith SR Martin CK | 2005 | Am J Clin Nutr2005，81，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Transcranial direct current stimu- lation for depression : 3-week, randomised, sham-controlled trial 显示文摘 | Loo CK Alonzo A Martin D | 2012 | Br J Psychiatry2012，200，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Serum inhibin b in polycystic ovary syndrome:regulation by insulin and luteinizing hormone显示文摘 | Welt CK Taylor AE Martin KA | 2002 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2002，87，12： | 1 |
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