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| 1 | Perioperative challenges in management of diabetic patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery显示文摘Prediabetes and diabetes are important disease processes which have several perioperative implications.About one third of the United States population is considered to have prediabetes.The prevalence in surgical patients is even higher.This is due to the associated micro and macrovascular complications of diabetes that result in the need for subsequent surgical procedures.A careful preoperative evaluation of diabetic patients and patients at risk for prediabetes is essential to reduce perioperative mortality and morbidity.This preoperative evaluation involves an optimization of preoperative comorbidities.It also includes optimization of antidiabetic medication regimens,as the avoidance of unintentional hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes during the perioperative period is crucial.The focus of the perioperative management is to ensure euglycemia and thus improve postoperative outcomes.Therefore,prolonged preoperative fasting should be avoided and close monitoring of blood glucose should be initiated and continued throughout surgery.This can be accomplished with either analysis in blood gas samples,venous phlebotomy or point-of-care testing.Although capillary and arterial whole blood glucose do not meet standard guidelines for glucose testing,they can still be used to guide insulin dosing in the operating room.Intraoperative glycemic control goals may vary slightly in different protocols but overall the guidelines suggest a glucose range in the operating room should be between 140 mg/dL to 180 mg/dL.When hyperglycemia is detected in the operating room,blood glucose management may be initiated with subcutaneous rapid-acting insulin,with intravenous infusion or boluses of regular insulin.Fluid and electrolyte management are other perioperative challenges.Notably diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic state are the two most serious acute metabolic complications of diabetes that must be recognized early and treated. | Ursula Galway Praveen Chahar Marc T Schmidt Jorge A Araujo-Duran Jeevan Shivakumar Alparslan Turan Kurt Ruetzler | 2021 | World Journal of Diabetes2021，12，8： | 5 |
| 2 | Energy balance closure at FLUXNET sites显示文摘 | Kell Wilson Allen Goldstein Eva Falge Marc Aubinet Dennis Baldocchi Paul Berbigier Christian Bernhofer Reinhart Ceulemans Han Dolman Chris Field Achim Grelle Andreas Ibrom B.E Law Andy Kowalski Tilden Meyers John Moncrieff Russ Monson Walter Oechel John T | 2002 | Agricultural and Forest Meteorology2002，，1： | 4 |
| 3 | Acute effects of rotavirus and malnutrition on intestinal barrier function in neonatal piglets显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of protein-energy malnutrition on intestinal barrier function during rotavirus enteritis in a piglet model.METHODS: Newborn piglets were allotted at day 4 of age to the following treatments:(1) full-strength formula(FSF)/noninfected;(2) FSF/rotavirus infected;(3) half-strength formula(HSF)/noninfected;or(4) HSF/rotavirus infected.After one day of adjustment to the feeding rates,pigs were infected with rotavirus and acute effects on growth and diarrhea were monitored for 3 d and jejunal samples were collected for Ussingchamber analyses.RESULTS: Piglets that were malnourished or infected had lower body weights on days 2 and 3 post-infection(P < 0.05).Three days post-infection,marked diarrhea and weight loss were accompanied by sharp reductions in villus height(59%) and lactase activity(91%) and increased crypt depth(21%) in infected compared with non-infected pigs(P < 0.05).Malnutrition also increased crypt depth(21%) compared to full-fed piglets.Villus:crypt ratio was reduced(67%) with viral infection.There was a trend for reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance with rotavirus infection and malnutrition(P = 0.1).3H-mannitol flux was significantly increased(50%;P < 0.001) in rotavirus-infected piglets compared to non-infected piglets,but there was no effect of nutritional status.Furthermore,rotavirus infection reduced localization of the tight junction protein,occludin,in the cell membrane and increased localization in the cytosol.CONCLUSION: Overall,malnutrition had no additive effects to rotavirus infection on intestinal barrier function at day 3 post-infection in a neonatal piglet model. | Sheila K Jacobi Adam J Moeser Anthony T Blikslager J Marc Rhoads Benjamin A Corl Robert J Harrell Jack Odle | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，31： | 4 |
| 4 | Bovine immunoglobulin protein isolates for the nutritional management of enteropathy显示文摘The gastrointestinal tract is responsible for a multitude of digestive and immune functions which depend upon the balanced interaction of the intestinal microbiota, diet, gut barrier function, and mucosal immune response. Disruptions in one or more of these factors can lead to intestinal disorders or enteropathies which are characterized by intestinal inflammation, increased gut permeability, and reduced capacity to absorb nutrients. Enteropathy is frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune enteropathy, radiation enteritis, and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS), where pathologic changes in the intestinal tract lead to abdominal discomfort, bloating, abnormal bowel function(e.g., diarrhea, urgency, constipation and malabsorption). Unfortunately, effective therapies for the management ofenteropathy and restoring intestinal health are still not available. An accumulating body of preclinical studies has demonstrated that oral administration of plasmaor serum-derived protein concentrates containing high levels of immunoglobulins can improve weight, normalize gut barrier function, and reduce the severity of enteropathy in animal models. Recent studies in humans, using serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate, demonstrate that such protein preparations are safe and improve symptoms, nutritional status, and various biomarkers associated with enteropathy. Benefits have been shown in patients with HIV infection or diarrhea-predominant IBS. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies with plasma/serum protein concentrates and describes the effects on host nutrition, intestinal function, and markers of intestinal inflammation. It supports the concept that immunoglobulin-containing protein preparations may offer a new strategy for restoring functional homeostasis in the intestinal tract of patients with enteropathy. | Bryon W Petschow Anthony T Blikslager Eric M Weaver Joy M Campbell Javier Polo Audrey L Shaw Bruce P Burnett Gerald L Klein J Marc Rhoads | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，33： | 2 |
| 5 | Designing flexible manipulators with the lowest natural frequency nearly independent of position显示文摘 | LOUIS J E JENNCHEN T MARC C | 1999 | IEEE Transaction on Robotics and Automation1999，15，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Csaky SU5416 induces premature senescence in endothelial progenitor cells from patients with age-related macular degeneration 显示文摘 | Michelle T Marc JB Frank K | 2011 | Mol Vis2011，17，： | 1 |
| 7 | Intermittent antegrade tep id versus cold blood cardioplegia in elective myocardial revascularization显示文摘 | Andrew C Fiore M D Marc T | 1998 | Ann Thorac Surg1998，65，： | 1 |
| 8 | Cloned plasmid DNA fragments as calibrators for controlling GMOs: Different real-time duplex quantitative PCR methods显示文摘 | ISABEL T ERIK V B MARC D L | 2004 | Anal Bioanal Chem2004，378，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Intramolecular Diels- Alder reactions of 2-(alkynyl)pyrimidines and 2-(alkynyl)pyridines显示文摘 | Frissen A E Marcelis A T M Geurtsen G | 1989 | Tetrahedron1989，45，16： | 1 |
| 10 | Catalytic inhibition of laminar flames by transition metal compounds 显示文摘 | Gregory T Linteris Marc D Rumminger Valeri I Babushok | 2008 | Progress in Energy and Combustion Science2008，，34： | 1 |
| 11 | Detection and mapping of oil slicks in the sea by combined use of hyperspectral imagery and laster-induced fluorescence 显示文摘 | MARC L SERGEY B NICOLAS T | 2006 | EARSeL eProceedings2006，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Identification and biological evaluation of grapefruit oil components as potential novel efflux pump modulators in methieillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains显示文摘 | Abedel N A Marc T E | 2004 | Phytochemistry2004，65，： | 1 |
| 13 | Degradation of chlorophenols by means of advanced oxidation processes: a general review 显示文摘 | Marc P T Veronica G M Miguel A B | 2004 | Applied Catalysis B: Environmental2004，47，： | 1 |
| 14 | Breast cancer detection by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry 显示文摘 | Marc M Joellen W Jiashu T | 1996 | Vibrational Spectroscopy1996，10，： | 1 |
| 15 | IL-6,RANKL,TNF-alpha/IL-1:interrelations in bone resorption pathophysiology显示文摘 | Steeve KT Marc P Sandrine T | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 16 | The anaerobic oxidation of ammonium显示文摘 | Jetten Mike S M Strous Marc van de Pas -Schoonen Katinka T | 1999 | FEMS Microbiology Reviews1999，22，： | 1 |
| 17 | Development and validation of a simple protocol to rapidly determine the performance of biofilters for VOC treatment 显示文摘 | Marc A D Camdon T J | 2000 | Environ Sci Teehnol2000，34，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Icnemia/reperfusion-induced INF-gup-regulation involvement of IL-12 and IL-18显示文摘 | Daemen MARC van't Veer C Wolfs TGAM | 1999 | Immunol1999，162，： | 1 |
| 19 | A Proximal-based Decomposition Me- thod for Convex Minimizaton Problems 显示文摘 | GONG C MARC T | 1994 | Mathematical Programming1994，64，： | 1 |
| 20 | Gastrointestinal tract access for urological natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery显示文摘We conducted a literature review of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES),focusing on urologic procedures with gastrointestinal tract access,to update on the development of this novel surgical approach.As part of the methods,a comprehensive electronic literature search for NOTES was conducted using Pub Med and Cochrane Library from March 2002 to February 2016 for papers reporting urologic procedures performed utilizing gastrointestinal tract access.A total of 11 peer-reviewed studies examining utility of gastrointestinal access for NOTES urologic procedures were noted,with the first report in 2007.The procedures reported in the studies were total/radical nephrectomy,partial nephrectomy,adrenalectomy,and prostatectomy.The transgastric approach was identified in five studies examining total/radical nephrectomy(n = 2),partial nephrectomy(n = 1),partial cystectomy(n = 1),and adrenalectomy(n = 1).Six studies evaluated transrectal approach for NOTES,describing total/radical nephrectomy(n = 3),partial nephrectomy(n = 1),robotic nephrectomy with adrenalectomy(n = 1) and prostatectomy(n = 1).Feasibility was reported in all studies.Most studies were preclinical and acute,and limited by concerns regarding restricted instrumentation and infection risk.We concluded that gastrointestinal access for urologic NOTES demonstrates promise as described by outlined feasibility studies in preclinical models.Nonetheless,clinical application awaits further advancements in surgical technology and concerns regarding infectious potential. | Olga Miakicheva Zachary Hamilton Alp T Beksac Sean W Berquist Abd-elrahman Hassan Marc Holden Ithaar H Derweesh | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2016，8，19： | 1 |
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