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| 1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma,human immunodeficiency virus and viral hepatitis in the HAART era显示文摘The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) is rising.HCC in HIV almost invariably occurs in the context of hepatitis C virus(HCV)or hepatitis B virus (HBV)co-infection and,on account of shared modes of transmission,this occurs in more than 33% and 10% of patients with HIV worldwide respectively.It has yet to be clearly established whether HIV directly accelerates HCC pathogenesis or whether the rising incidence is an epiphenomenon of the highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)era,wherein the increased longevity of patients with HIV allows long-term complications of viral hepatitis and cirrhosis to develop.Answering this question will have implications for HCC surveillance and the timing of HCV/HBV therapy,which in HIV co-infection presents unique challenges.Once HCC develops,there is growing evidence that HIV co-infection should not preclude conventional therapeutic strategies,including liver transplantation. | Douglas C Macdonald Mark Nelson Mark Bower Thomas Powles | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，11： | 9 |
| 2 | 健康领域的文化能力显示文摘1背景
尽管人类对其他社会的兴趣纵贯历史的各个阶段,但是检验不同文化概念对人类健康实践的影响从20世纪才开始,当时是伴随着长期的人类学田野调查产生的,这些田野调查揭露了不同文化之间相关卫生实践的多样性、复杂性和连续性。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese j Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Home R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams AC Willott C Wilson J Woolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016，9，2： | 5 |
| 3 | 文化、不平等性与卫生服务提供显示文摘1动态不平等性对基层医疗卫生人力的影响
政治、社会、文化、专业群体皆建立在一致且常规的人类行为之上。当遭受巨大变革和内外压力时,这些群体会变得十分脆弱。尤其在动荡时期,这些群体往往更关注社会和文化的差异性,而非二者的一致性。尽管社会中的个体思维和行为会呈现较大的差异,但对健康的感知具有统一性,并在更广范围人群内尤为突出,这主要归因于文化价值观的作用。广义的文化心态会随着时间和地理位置的不同而不同,就像健康的社会决定因素也会因文化类型的不同而产生差异。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese J Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Horne R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams A C Willott C Wilson J Woolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016，9，3： | 2 |
| 4 | 在 7T 的多原子的磁性的回声光谱学的应用显示文摘 AIM: To discuss the advantages of ultra-high field (7T) for 1H and 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of metabolism.made at both 3 and 7T using 1H MRS. Measurements of glycogen and lipids in muscle were measured using 13C and 1H MRS respectively. RESULTS: In the brain, increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dispersion allows spectral separation of the amino-acids glutamate, glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), without the need for sophisticated editing sequences. Improved quantification of these me-tabolites is demonstrated at 7T relative to 3T. SNR was 36% higher, and measurement repeatability (% coefficients of variation) was 4%, 10% and 10% at 7T, vs 8%, 29% and 21% at 3T for glutamate, glutamine and GABA respectively. Measurements at 7T were used to compare metabolite levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula. Creatine and glutamate levels were found to be significantly higher in the insula compared to the ACC (P < 0.05). In muscle, the increased SNR and spectral resolution at 7T enables interleaved studies of glycogen (13C) and intra-myocellular lipid (IMCL) and extra-myocellular lipid (EMCL) (1H) following exercise and refeeding. Glycogen levels were sig-nificantly decreased following exercise (-28% at 50% VO2 max; -58% at 75% VO2 max). Interestingly, levels of glycogen in the hamstrings followed those in the quadriceps, despite reduce exercise loading. No changes in IMCL and EMCL were found in the study. CONCLUSION: The demonstrated improvements in brain and muscle MRS measurements at 7T will increase the potential for use in investigating human metabolism and changes due to pathologies. | Mary C Stephenson Frances Gunner Antonio Napolitano Paul L Greenhaff Ian A MacDonald Nadeem Saeed William Vennart Susan T Francis Peter G Morris | 2011 | World Journal of Radiology2011，3，4： | 2 |
| 5 | Colloidal Au and Au-alloy catalysts for direct borohydride fuelcells: Electrocatalysis and fuel cell performance 显示文摘 | ATWAN M H MACDONALD C L B NORTHWOOD D O | 2006 | J Power Sources2006，158，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Solid-state structures of hydrogen-bonded tapes based on cyclic secondary diamides显示文摘 | MacDonald J C Whitesides G M | 1994 | Chem Rev1994，94，： | 1 |
| 7 | Role of angiography following aneurysm surgery显示文摘 | MACDONALD R L WALLACE M C KESTLE J R | 1993 | J Neurosurg1993，79，： | 1 |
| 8 | Integrated Micro-ScanningTunneling Microscope显示文摘 | Xu Y MacDonald N C Miller S A | 1995 | Appl Phys Lett1995，67，16： | 1 |
| 9 | Development and evaluation of consensus based sediment quality guidelines for freshwater eeosystems显示文摘 | MacDonald D D Ingersoll C G Berger T A | 2000 | Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology2000，39，1： | 1 |
| 10 | The relationship of motor sells and adaptive behavior skills in young children with autism spectrum disorders显示文摘 | MacDonald M Lord C Ulrich D | | 0，，07： | 1 |
| 11 | Acetaminophen reduces social pain:Behavioral and neural evidence显示文摘 | DeWall C N MacDonald G Webster G D | | 0，，07： | 1 |
| 12 | Interleukin - 6 release from human skeletal muscle during exercise : relation to AMPK activity显示文摘 | MacDonald C Wojtassewski JF Pedersen BK Kiens B Richter EA | 2003 | J Appl Physio120032003，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Dangers of bone graft substitutes: lessons from using GeneX 显示文摘 | Saadoun S Macdonald C Bell BA | 2011 | J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry2011，82，8： | 1 |
| 14 | 医疗卫生保健文化的反思及促进健康与文化融合的建议显示文摘1医疗卫生保健文化的反思1.1健康文化与医学知识如果医务人员有充足的时间对患者进行诊断并帮助患者进行社区护理,就可在节省卫生费用的同时改善健康结果。整合型社区护理能缩小不同文化背景和群体健康需求的差异。然而,全球范围内对整合型社区护理的投入较少,原因之一就是20世纪对临床服务的重视弱化了卫生服务提供过程中的同情心理。当然,患者也对医学知识存在显性和隐性的影响(特别是当其因不遵医嘱而受到指责时)。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese J Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Horne R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams A C Willott C Wilson JWoolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016，9，4： | 1 |
| 15 | A review of world wide contamination of cereal grains and animal feed with fusarium mycotoxins 显示文摘 | Plcinta C M Mello J P E Macdonald A M C | 1999 | J Animal feed science and technology1999，78，： | 1 |
| 16 | New players in the cytokine orchestra of inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘 | FANTINI M C MONTELEONE G MACDONALD T T | 2007 | Inflamm Bowel Dis2007，13，： | 1 |
| 17 | Response criteria for phase II studies of supratentorial malignant glioma 显示文摘 | Macdonald D R Cascino T L Schold S C Jr | 1990 | J ClinOncol1990，8，： | 1 |
| 18 | Endothelin-1 gene expression and biosynthesis in human endometrial HEC-IA cancer cells 显示文摘 | Economos K Macdonald P C Casey M L | 1992 | Caner Res1992，52，3： | 1 |
| 19 | The unexpected movement of the HIV epidemic in the Southeastern United States: transmission among college students 显示文摘 | Hightow L Macdonald P Pilcher C | 2005 | J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr2005，38，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Detergent effects on enzyme activity and solubilization of lipid biolayer membranes 显示文摘 | Womack M D Kendall D A MacDonald R C | 1983 | Biochim Biophys Acta1983，733，： | 1 |
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