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| 1 | The roles of MAPKs in disease显示文摘印射响应许多 ligands 和房间刺激涉及大量的细胞的小径和功能的家族 ases transduce 信号。MAPK 的异常或不恰当的功能现在在从癌症到煽动性的疾病到肥胖和糖尿病的疾病被识别了。在许多房间类型, MAPK ERK1/2 被连接到细胞增殖。因为在地岬和 B-Raf 的变化,能激活 ERK1/2 串联,在许多人的肿瘤被发现, ERK1/2 被认为在一些癌症起一个作用。发信号的反常 ERK1/2 也在 polycystic 肾疾病被发现了,并且象 cardio-facio-cutaneous 症候群那样的严肃的发展混乱在 ERK1/2 串联的部件从变化产生。ERK1/2 在区分得好的房间是必要的并且在神经原并且在上皮的极性的维护被连接了到长期的 potentiation。另外, ERK1/2 为在胰腺的贝它房间的胰岛素基因抄写是重要的,它响应传播葡萄糖的增加生产胰岛素在有机体允许有效葡萄糖利用和存储。导致或镇压的营养素和荷尔蒙胰岛素分泌物以在贝它房间上反映能分泌的需求的一种方式激活或禁止 ERK1/2。在这和另外的规章的小径的骚乱可以导致对某些人的混乱的病原学的 ERK1/2 的贡献。 | Michael C Lawrence Arif Jivan Chunli Shao Lingling Duan Daryl Goad Elma Zaganjor Jihan Osborne Kathleen McGlynn Steve Stippec Svetlana Earnest Wei Chen Melanie H Cobb | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，4： | 64 |
| 2 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 3 | Discovery of direct inhibitors of Keap1–Nrf2 protein–protein interaction as potential therapeutic and preventive agents显示文摘The Keap1–Nrf2–ARE pathway is an important antioxidant defense mechanism that protects cells from oxidative stress and the Keap1–Nrf2 protein–protein interaction(PPI) has become an important drug target to upregulate the expression of ARE-controlled cytoprotective oxidative stress response enzymes in the development of therapeutic and preventive agents for a number of diseases and conditions. However, most known Nrf2 activators/ARE inducers are indirect inhibitors of Keap1–Nrf2PPI and they are electrophilic species that act by modifying the sulfhydryl groups of Keap1's cysteine residues. The electrophilicity of these indirect inhibitors may cause 'off-target' side effects by reacting with cysteine residues of other important cellular proteins. Efforts have recently been focused on the development of direct inhibitors of Keap1–Nrf2 PPI. This article reviews these recent research efforts including the development of high throughput screening assays, the discovery of peptide and small molecule direct inhibitors, and the biophysical characterization of the binding of these inhibitors to the target Keap1 Kelch domain protein. These non-covalent direct inhibitors of Keap1–Nrf2 PPI could potentially be developed into effective therapeutic or preventive agents for a variety of diseases and conditions. | Dhulfiqar Ali Abed Melanie Goldstein Haifa Albanyan Huijuan Jin Longqin Hu | 2015 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2015，5，4： | 46 |
| 4 | FAIR Principles:Interpretations and Implementation Considerations显示文摘The FAIR principles have been widely cited,endorsed and adopted by a broad range of stakeholders since their publication in 2016.By intention,the 15 FAIR guiding principles do not dictate specific technological implementations,but provide guidance for improving Findability,Accessibility,Interoperability and Reusability of digital resources.This has likely contributed to the broad adoption of the FAIR principles,because individual stakeholder communities can implement their own FAIR solutions.However,it has also resulted in inconsistent interpretations that carry the risk of leading to incompatible implementations.Thus,while the FAIR principles are formulated on a high level and may be interpreted and implemented in different ways,for true interoperability we need to support convergence in implementation choices that are widely accessible and(re)-usable.We introduce the concept of FAIR implementation considerations to assist accelerated global participation and convergence towards accessible,robust,widespread and consistent FAIR implementations.Any self-identified stakeholder community may either choose to reuse solutions from existing implementations,or when they spot a gap,accept the challenge to create the needed solution,which,ideally,can be used again by other communities in the future.Here,we provide interpretations and implementation considerations(choices and challenges)for each FAIR principle. | Annika Jacobsen Ricardo de Miranda Azevedo Nick Juty Dominique Batista Simon Coles Ronald Cornet Melanie Courtot Merce Crosas Michel Dumontier Chris T.Evelo Carole Goble Giancarlo Guizzardi Karsten Kryger Hansen Ali Hasnain Kristina Hettne Jaap Heringa Rob W.W.Hooft Melanie Imming Keith G.Jeffery Rajaram Kaliyaperumal Martijn GKersloot Christine R.Kirkpatrick Tobias Kuhn Ignasi Labastida Barbara Magagna PeterMcQuilton Natalie Meyers Annalisa Montesanti Mirjam van Reisen Philippe Rocca-Serra Robert Pergl Susanna-Assunta Sansone Luiz Olavo Bonino da Silva Santos Juliane Schneider George Strawn Mark Thompson Andra Waagmeester Tobias Weigel Mark D.Wilkinson Egon L.Willighagen Peter Wittenburg Marco Roos Barend Mons Erik Schultes | 2020 | Data Intelligence2020，2，1： | 26 |
| 5 | New Insight in Ethylene Signaling: Autokinase Activity of ETR1 Modulates the Interaction of Receptors and EIN2显示文摘乙烯感觉迟钝 2 (EIN2 ) , ER 网络的不可分的膜蛋白质,作为发信号的乙烯的中央管理者被识别了小径。仍然,乙烯信号被从受体转移到 EIN2 的机制还没被解决。这里,我们证明蛋白质 phosphorylation 是关键机制控制 EIN2 和受体的相互作用。在 vivo 并且在 vitro,荧光研究表明受体的 kinase 领域为相互作用是必要的。氰化物,乙烯收缩筋,它被知道减少乙烯受体乙烯的 auto-phosphorylation 抵抗 1 (ETR1 ) 或在阻止 auto-phosphorylation (H353A ) 的 ETR1 的 kinase 领域的一个变化,为 EIN2 增加受体的亲密关系。在另一方面, mimicking 在异种, H353E 由植物荷尔蒙免除 EIN2ETR1 相互作用控制的 ETR1 的永久 auto-phosphorylation。基于我们的数据,我们在发信号的乙烯在 EIN2 的集成上建议一个新奇模型串联。 | Melanie M.A. Bisson Georg Groth | 2010 | Molecular Plant2010，3，5： | 18 |
| 6 | Sitagliptin in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial显示文摘AIM To evaluate the effect of sitagliptin vs placebo on histologic and non-histologic parameters of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).METHODS Twelve patients with biopsy-proven NASH were randomized to sitagliptin(100 mg daily)(n=6)or placebo(n=6)for 24 wk.The primary outcome was improvement in liver fibrosis after 24 wk.Secondary outcomes included evaluation of changes in NAFLD activity score(NAS),individual components of NAS(hepatocyte ballooning,lobular inflammation,and steatosis),glycemic control and insulin resistance[including measurements of glycated hemoglobin(Hb A1C)and adipocytokines],lipid profile including free fatty acids,adipose distribution measured using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and thrombosis markers(platelet aggregation and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels).We also sought to determine the correlation between changes in hepatic fat fraction(%)[as measured using the Iterative Decomposition of water and fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least-squares estimation(IDEAL)MRI technique]and changes in hepatic steatosis on liver biopsy.RESULTS Sitagliptin was not significantly better than placebo at reducing liver fibrosis score as measured on liver biopsy(mean difference between sitagliptin and placebo arms,0.40,P=0.82).There were no significant improvements evident with the use of sitagliptin vs placebo for the secondary histologic outcomes of NAS total score as well as for the individual components of NAS.Compared to baseline,those patients who received sitagliptin demonstrated improved Hb A1C(6.7%±0.4%vs 7.9%±1.0%,P=0.02),and trended towards improved adiponectin levels(4.7±3.5μg/m L vs 3.9±2.7μg/m L,P=0.06)and triglyceride levels(1.26±0.43 mmol/L vs 2.80±1.64 mmol/L,P=0.08).However,when compared with placebo,sitagliptin did not cause a statistically significant improvement in Hb A1C(mean difference,-0.7%,P=0.19)nor triglyceride levels(mean difference-1.10mmol/L,P=0.19)but did trend towards improved adiponectin levels only(mean difference,0.60μg/m L,P=0.095).No significant changes in anthropometrics,liver enzymes,other adipocytokines,lipid profile,thrombosis parameters,or adipose distribution were demonstrated.The MRI IDEAL procedure correlated well with steatosis scores obtained on liver biopsy in both groups at baseline and post-treatment,and the Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from r=0.819(baseline)to r=0.878(post-treatment),P=0.002.CONCLUSION Sitagliptin does not improve fibrosis score or NAS after 24 wk of therapy.The MRI IDEAL technique may be useful for non-invasive measurement of hepatic steatosis. | Tisha R Joy Charles A McKenzie Rommel G Tirona Kelly Summers Shannon Seney Subrata Chakrabarti Neel Malhotra Melanie D Beaton | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，1： | 18 |
| 7 | 超超临界机组锅炉用不锈钢管表面冷作硬化处理对其抗蒸汽氧化性能的影响显示文摘通过对一组运行了4年的不锈钢过热器管样内表面机加工区和非机加工区氧化皮的结构和形貌特征进行对比分析,探讨内表面冷作硬化处理对于超超临界机组锅炉用不锈钢管蒸汽氧化性能的影响。结果表明,内表面冷作硬化处理对于改善细晶TP347HFG和Super304奥氏体不锈钢在相对较低温度蒸汽中的抗氧化性能非常有效,但在600℃左右高温蒸汽中Super304管样内表面冷作硬化效应消失,除冷作硬化试样氧化皮的总体厚度略薄外,氧化皮的结构形貌特征与未冷作硬化处理的管样没有多大区别。另外,含Cr量大于22%的SAVE25具有非常优秀的抗蒸汽氧化性能,其机加工区域和未机加工区域的蒸汽氧化行为没有任何区别。 | 贾建民 Melanie Montgomery | 2009 | 热力发电2009，38，6： | 17 |
| 8 | 重新审视中国高龄老人血压与死亡风险之间的关系:以社区为基础的纵向前瞻性队列研究显示文摘目的探讨中国高龄老人血压与3年全因死亡风险和死因别死亡风险之间的关系。研究设计以社区为基础的纵向前瞻性队列研究。研究地点2011和2014年在中国22个省份开展的两轮中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查。研究对象4658名高龄老人(平均年龄为92.1岁)。主要结局指标随访3年全因死亡和死因别死亡。结果经过3年的随访,共计1977人死亡,收缩压(SBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)、脉压差(PP)与死亡风险间呈U型关系,SBP、MAP和PP在143.5、101和66mmHg时死亡风险最低。对混杂因素进行调整后,仅SBP与死亡风险的U型关系存在,风险最低点为129mmHg。与129mmHg的人群相比,SBP低于107mmHg时,死亡风险随SBP的升高而降低[风险比(HR)从1.47(1.01~2.17)到1.08(1.01~1.17)1;SBP高于154mmHg时,死亡风险随SBP的升高而增加[HR从1.08(1.01~1.17)到1.27(1.02~1.58)]。在死因别分析中,与中等水平SBP(107~154mmHg)相比,高水平的SBP(〉154mmHg)与心血管疾病(CVD)死亡风险升高相关联[调整HR1.51(1.12~2.02)];低水平SBP(〈107mmHg)与非CVD死亡风险升高相关联[调整HR1.58(1.26~1.98)]。在敏感性分析与亚组分析中血压与死亡风险的U型关系保持不变。结论研究在中国高龄老人中发现SBP与3年全因死亡风险呈U型关系,高SBP意味着更高的CVD死亡风险,低SBP意味着更高的非CVD死亡风险。这提示高龄老人目前的血压管理理念有待重新评估,可能需要针对这一特殊人群制定特定的血压指南。 | 吕跃斌 高翔 殷召雪 陈华帅 罗杰斯 Melanie Sereny Brasher Virginia Byers Kraus 李湉湉 曾毅 施小明 张希如(译) 毛琛(校) | 2018 | 英国医学杂志中文版2018，21，8： | 17 |
| 9 | Simultaneous development of diabetic ketoacidosis and Hashitoxicosis in a patient treated with pegylated interferon-alpha for chronic hepatitis C显示文摘Classical interferon-alpha has been shown to be correlated with the development of a variety of autoimmune disorders. A 38 year-old female patient developed simultaneously diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperthyroidism 5 mo following initiation of treatment with pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C. High titers of glutamic acid decarboxylase, antinuclear and thyroid (thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin) antibodies were detected. Antiviral treatment was withdrawn and the patient was treated with insulin for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and propranolol for hyperthyroidism. Twelve months after cessation of pegylated interferon-α therapy the patient was euthyroid without any medication but remained insulin-dependent. | Aspasia S Soultati Spyridon P Dourakis Alexandra Alexopoulou Melanie Deutsch Athanasios J Archimandritis | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，8： | 15 |
| 10 | Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade: obligatory contribution of IL-2 receptors and negative prognostic impact of soluble CD25显示文摘堵住抗体 ipilimumab 的细胞毒素的 T 淋巴细胞 antigen-4 (CTLA-4 ) 在很少的病人导致变形黑瘤的调停免疫者的长期的控制。尽管 ipilimumab 无疑经由 immunostimulation 施加它的治疗学的效果,这样远的临床上有用的、 immunologically 相关的 biomarkers 预言治疗效率是逃犯的。这里,我们显示出 IL-2 的那中立化或堵住 α并且 βIL-2 受体的子单元(CD25 和 CD122,分别地) 否则在现出症状之前的潜的老鼠模型由 CTLA-4 封锁导致了,废除了 antitumor 效果和 intratumoral T 受动器对规章的房间(Tregs ) 的比率的伴随的改进,它是。CTLA-4 封锁导致了在失去了 FoxP3 表示并且在 regressing 肿瘤积累了的 IL-2-producing 受动器房间与伴随物上升表示 Lag3, ICOS, IL-10 和 Egr2 的一个镇压 CD4 + T 房间子集的减小。当 recombinant IL-2 改进了 CTLA-4 封锁的治疗学的功效时,圈套 IL-2 受体 α(IL-2Rα, sCD25 ) 禁止了 CTLA-4 的 anticancer 效果封锁。在收到 ipilimumab 的 262 个变形黑瘤病人, sCD25 的基线浆液集中代表了全面幸存的独立指示物,与预言到治疗的抵抗的高水平。总的来说,这些结果解开为在 CTLA-4 的 anticancer 活动的 IL-2 和 IL-2 受体的一个角色封锁。重要地,我们的学习提供第一 immunologically 相关的 biomarker,也就是提高的浆液 sCD25,那与黑瘤在病人预言抵抗到 CTLA-4 封锁。 | Dalil Hannani Marie Vetizou David Enot Sylvie Rusakiewicz Nathalie Chaput David Klatzmann Melanie Desbois Nicolas Jacquelot Nadege Vimond Salem Chouaib Christine Mateus James P Allison Antoni Ribas Jedd D Wolchok Jianda Yuan Philip Wong Michael Postow Andrzej Mackiewicz Jacek Mackiewicz Dirk Schadendorff Dirk Jaeger Alan J Korman Keith Bahjat Michele Maio Luana Calabro Michele WL Teng Mark J Smyth Alexander Eggennont Caroline Robert Guido Kroemer Laurence Zitvogel | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，2： | 14 |
| 11 | 子宫内膜异位症的诊断和管理:NICE指南概要显示文摘子宫内膜异位症是最常见的妇科疾病之一。生育年龄(15~49岁)妇女的发病率约为10%。子宫内膜异位症是英国第二位最常见的妇科疾病,仅次于子宫肌瘤。子宫内膜异位症是激素依赖性疾病,与月经周期相关。确切的发病原因不清,但普遍认为与经血逆流,促使子宫内膜细胞生长并定植于盆腔有关。 | Laura Kuznetsov Katharina Dworzynski Melanie Davies Caroline Overton 李卫华 朱磊 | 2018 | 英国医学杂志中文版2018，21，3： | 11 |
| 12 | The Status and Associated Factors of Successful Aging among Older Adults Residing in Longevity Areas in China显示文摘Objective This study aims to assess the status of successful aging(SA) in longevity areas in China and explore multiple factors associated with SA among the young-old and oldest-old. Methods A total of 2296 elderly people aged 65 and older were interviewed in the longevity areas sub-sample of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS) in 2012. Baseline assessments included a researcher-administered questionnaire, physical examination, and laboratory testing. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with SA. Results The prevalence of SA was 38.81% in the CLHLS in 2012. There were significant differences between ages groups, with SA compromising 56.85% among ≥65 years group and 20.31% among ≥100 years group(χtrend2=126.73, P<0.01). The prevalence of SA among females was 33.59%, which was significantly lower than that among males(45.58%)(χ2gender=33.65, P<0.05). In the regression analysis, having anemia(OR=0.744, 95% CI: 0.609-0.910), poor lifestyle(OR=0.697, 95% CI: 0.568-0.854), poor sleep quality(OR=0.558, 95% CI: 0.456-0.682), and central obesity(OR=0.684, 95% CI: 0.556-0.841) were the main factors associated with SA. The promoting SA rate decreased as age increased, and the group of 65-79 years had higher odds than the other age group. Conclusion Preventing central obesity, improving sleep quality and promoting healthy lifestyle may contribute to achieve SA among the elderly. | SHI Wen Hui ZHANG Hong Yan ZHANG Juan LYU Yue Bin Melanie Sereny Brasher YIN Zhao Xue LUO Jie Si HU Dong Sheng FEN Lei SHI Xiao Ming | 2016 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2016，29，5： | 10 |
| 13 | 太湖首次发现楯螺和尖膀胱螺(英文)显示文摘在太湖湖洲和五里湖水域分别首次发现了2种可能是入侵的螺类楯螺(Ferrissia wautieri MIROLLI 1960)和尖膀胱螺(Physa acuta DRAPARNAUD 1805)。它们均属肺螺亚纲,基眼目。文章对其形态、生物学特征进行了描述,对其可能的入侵途径等进行了讨论。 | BECKMANN Melanie C 何全源 杨健 徐跑 | 2006 | 南方水产2006，2，6： | 10 |
| 14 | 厚朴及其成分的生物活性和毒性(英文)显示文摘中草药已在中国药典中使用了数千年。木兰属的厚朴,主要用于治疗焦虑、哮喘、抑郁症、胃肠道疾病、头痛。其树皮提取物是目前市售的食品补充剂和化妆品的主要成分。厚朴及其主要成分具有多种药理活性,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗生素和抗痉挛作用。然而,相关机制尚未明确,临床试验也鲜有报道。体外和体内毒性研究已经发现了一些有趣的特征。本文旨在总结关于厚朴的成分、利用、药理学和安全性的文献。 | Melanie POIVRE Pierre DUEZ | 2017 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2017，18，3： | 10 |
| 15 | Taking China’s anticorruption campaign seriously显示文摘This article draws on a rich empirical literature on comparative corruption and rich theoretical literatures on the related topics ofinstitutions and credible commitment to analyze China’s newestanticorruption campaign, ongoing today. It argues that the campaign differs notably from previous efforts. In addition to its mostobvious features of longer duration and higher reach, the campaign has significantly changed the structure of Party and government incentives so as to reduce bureaucratic opportunities forcorruption and structural obstacles to anticorruption enforcement.These features constitute important steps toward anticorruptioninstitutionalisation and credible commitment to good governance.The article concludes by proposing some strategic policy choicesto promote and protect anticorruption gains. | Melanie Manion | 2016 | Economic and Political Studies2016，4，1： | 9 |
| 16 | Transcriptional Control of SET DOMAIN GROUP 8 and CAROTENOID ISOMERASE during Arabidopsis Development显示文摘类胡萝卜素是为光合作用, photoprotection 和象骆驼毛的织物和 strigolactones 那样的导出类胡萝卜素的荷尔蒙的生产要求的颜料。类胡萝卜素 biosynthetic 小径在 lycopene 以后区分生产 epsilon 类胡萝卜素和贝它类胡萝卜素,这个分支为决定类胡萝卜素作文是批评的。这里,我们显示出分支点怎么能被修改染色质的 histone methyltransferase 调整,集合领域组 8 (SDG8 ) 指向类胡萝卜素 isomerase (CRTISO ) 。SDG8 被要求在幼苗开发期间维持 CRTISO 的容许的表示,在叶子,射击顶,和一些花的机关。CRTISO 和 SDG8 倡导者显示出记者基因活动的重叠织物特定的模式。有趣地, CRTISO 与花椰菜马赛克病毒 35S 倡导者(CaMV35s ) 和 LCY 倡导者相比以在不同的线之间的更大的可变性显示出不正常的记者基因表示,潜在地,由于 chromosomal,位置完成。CRTISO 倡导者的规定部分地依赖于 SDG8 的存在或缺席。SDG8 (类胡萝卜素和叶绿体规定(ccr1 )) 和 CRTISO (ccr2 ) 的大美人导致改变的类胡萝卜素作文和这能用 CaMV35s 或 CRTISO 倡导者在 ccr2 被恢复。相反,在 ccr1 背景用 CaMV35S 或 CRTISO 倡导者由 CRTISO overexpression 改变 GUS 表示和类胡萝卜素互补的度证明 CRTISO 倡导者和开的读物装裱为 CRTISO 的调停 SDG8 的表示是必要的。 | Christopher I. Cazzonelli Andrea C. Roberts Melanie E. Carmody Barry J. Pogson | 2010 | Molecular Plant2010，3，1： | 8 |
| 17 | Aetiology and mechanisms of injury in medial tibial stress syndrome: Current and future developments显示文摘Medial tibial stress syndrome(MTSS) is a debilitating overuse injury of the tibia sustained by individuals whoperform recurrent impact exercise such as athletes and military recruits. Characterised by diffuse tibial anteromedial or posteromedial surface subcutaneous periostitis, in most cases it is also an injury involving underlying cortical bone microtrauma, although it is not clear if the soft tissue or cortical bone reaction occurs first. Nuclear bone scans and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) can both be used for the diagnosis of MTSS, but the patient's history and clinical symptoms need to be considered in conjunction with the imaging findings for a correct interpretation of the results, as both imaging modalities have demonstrated positive findings in the absence of injury. However, MRI is rapidly becoming the preferred imaging modality for the diagnosis of bone stress injuries. It can also be used for the early diagnosis of MTSS, as the developing periosteal oedema can be identified. Retrospective studies have demonstrated that MTSS patients have lower bone mineral density(BMD) at the injury site than exercising controls, and preliminary data indicates the BMD is lower in MTSS subjects than tibial stress fracture(TSF) subjects. The values of a number of tibial geometric parameters such as cross-sectional area and section modulus are also lower in MTSS subjects than exercising controls, but not as low as the values in TSF subjects. Thus, the balance between BMD and cortical bone geometry may predict an individual's likelihood of developing MTSS. However, prospective longitudinal studies are needed to determine how these factors alter during the development of the injury and to find the detailed structural cause, which is still unknown. Finite element analysis has recently been used to examine the mechanisms involved in tibial stress injuries and offer a promising future tool to understand the mechanisms involved in MTSS. Contemporary accurate diagnosis of either MTSS or a TSF includes a thorough clinical examination to identify signs of bone stress injury and to exclude other pathologies. This should be followed by an MRI study of the whole tibia. The cause of the injury should be established and addressed in order tofacilitate healing and prevent future re-occurrence. | Melanie Franklyn Barry Oakes | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，8： | 7 |
| 18 | Regulation of epithelium-specific Ets-like factors ESE-1 and ESE-3 in airway epithelial cells: potential roles in airway inflammation显示文摘航线发炎是许多呼吸障碍的特点,例如气喘和膀胱的纤维变性。在发炎触发的航线基因表示的变化在这些疾病的致病起一个关键作用。基因连接研究建议 ESE-2 和 ESE-3,编码上皮特定的 Ets-domain-containing 抄写因素,是候选人气喘危险性基因。我们这里报导 et 家庭抄写因素 ESE-1 的另一个成员的表示,以及 ESE-3,起来在支气管的上皮的房间线由煽动性的 cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta ) 和肿瘤坏死 factor-alpha (TNF-alpha ) 调整了。有 IL-1beta 和 TNF-alpha 的这些房间的处理为 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 导致了信使 rna 表示的戏剧的增加。我们证明导致的表示被抄写因素 NF-kappaB 的激活调停。我们描绘了 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 倡导者并且识别了为导致 cytokine 的表达式被要求的 NF-kappaB 有约束力的序列。另外,我们也表明那 ESE-1 在上面调整 ESE-3 表示, down 由 cytokines 调整它的自己的正式就职。最后,我们在 Elf3 显示出那(对人的 ESE-1 相应) 猛烈老鼠,煽动性的 cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6 ) 的表示是调整的 down。我们的调查结果建议 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 在航线发炎起一个重要作用。 | Jing Wu Rongqi Duan Huibi Cao Deborah Field Catherine M Newnham David R Koehler Noe Zamel Melanie A Pritchard Paul Hertzog Martin Post A Keith Tanswell Jim Hu | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，6： | 6 |
| 19 | National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants显示文摘 | Goodarz Danaei Mariel M Finucane Yuan Lu Gitanjali M Singh Melanie J Cowan Christopher J Paciorek John K Lin Farshad Farzadfar Young-Ho Khang Gretchen A Stevens Mayuree Rao Mohammed K Ali Leanne M Riley Carolyn A Robinson Majid Ezzati | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9785： | 6 |
| 20 | Signal control through Raf: in sickness and in health显示文摘细胞外的调整信号的 kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2 ) 串联是原型表明调整很多进程,包括的增长,区别,幸存,移植,压力回答和 apoptosis 的串联的哺乳动物的激活 mitogen 的蛋白质 kinase (MAPK ) 。这看起来线性的串联怎么被调制完成特定的细胞的功能,是这块地的一个主要焦点。在这评论,我们经由 MAP3Ks 在正常和疾病状态在 ERK1/2 小径的规定描述新以及旧的调查结果。 | Jihan K Osbome Elma Zaganjor Melanie H Cobb | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，1： | 6 |
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