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| 1 | Alcohol metabolites and lipopolysaccharide: Roles in the development and/or progression of alcoholic liver disease显示文摘The onset of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is initiated by different cell types in the liver and a number of different factors including: products derived from ethanol-induced inflammation, ethanol metabolites, and the indirect reactions from those metabolites. Ethanol oxidation results in the production of metabolites that have been shown to bind and form protein adducts, and to increase inflammatory, fibrotic and cirrhotic responses. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has many deleterious effects and plays a significant role in a number of disease processes by increasing inflammatory cytokine release. In ALD, LPS is thought to be derived from a breakdown in the intestinal wall enabling LPS from resident gut bacterial cell walls to leak into the blood stream. The ability of adducts and LPS to independently stimulate the various cells of the liver provides for a two-hit mechanism by which various biological responses are induced and result in liver injury. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to evaluate the effects of a two-hit combination of ethanol metabolites and LPS on the cells of the liver to increase inflamma-tion and fi brosis, and play a role in the development and/or progression of ALD. | Courtney S Schaffert Michael J Duryee Carlos D Hunter Bartlett C Hamilton 3rd Amy L DeVeney Mary M Huerter Lynell W Klassen Geoffrey M Thiele | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，10： | 20 |
| 2 | 标准·方案·指南——2014年美国癌症学会最新宫颈癌筛查指南及筛查中存在的问题显示文摘美国癌症学会(ACS)每年都会发布有关癌症早期检测、癌症筛查率数据与趋势报告及相关问题的指南,并会持续关注可能需要在癌症筛查指南中做出相应改变与更新的医学科学文献中出现的新证据以及需要传达给临床工作者与公众的筛查相关信息。在制定新指南的过程中,ACS至少每5年对指南更新1次,如有重要新证据出现,则更新间隔时间会更短。本期就2014年ACS关于宫颈癌筛查的最新指南报道如下。 | Robert A Smith Deana Manassaram-Baptiste Durado Brooks Vilma Cokkinides Mary Doroshenk Debbie Saslow Richard C Wender Otis W Brawley 王静 | 2014 | 中国全科医学2014，17，27： | 16 |
| 3 | Adenoid cystic carcinoma of breast: Recent advances显示文摘Adenoid cystic carcinoma(ACC) of the breast is a rare special subtype of breast cancer characterized by the presence of a dual cell population of luminal and basaloid cells arranged in specific growth patterns. Most breast cancers with triple-negative, basal-like breast features(i.e., tumors that are devoid of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression, and express basal cell markers) are generally high-grade tumors with an aggressive clinical course. Conversely, while ACCs also display a triple-negative, basal-like phenotype, they are usually low-grade and exhibit an indolent clinical behavior. Many discoveries regarding the molecular and genetic features of the ACC, including a specific chromosomal translocation t(6;9) that results in a MYB-NFIB fusion gene, have been made in recent years. This comprehensive review provides our experience with ACC of the breast, as well as an overview of clinical, histopathological, and molecular genetic features. | Kosuke Miyai Mary R Schwartz Mukul K Divatia Rose C Anton Yong Wook Park Alberto G Ayala Jae Y Ro | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2014，2，12： | 16 |
| 4 | miR-200 family expression is downregulated upon neoplastic progression of Barrett's esophagus显示文摘AIM: To investigate miR-200 family expression in Barrett's epithelium, gastric and duodenal epithelia, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to measure miR-200, ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of miR-200 targets was used to predict biological outcomes. RESULTS: Barrett's epithelium expressed lower levels of miR-141 and miR-200c than did gastric and duodenal epithelia (P < 0.001). In silico analysis indicated roles for the miR-200 family in molecular pathways that distinguish Barrett's epithelium from gastric and duodenalepithelia, and which control apoptosis and proliferation. All miR-200 members were downregulated in adenocarcinoma (P < 0.02), and miR-200c expression was also downregulated in non-invasive epithelium adjacent to adenocarcinoma (P < 0.02). The expression of all miR-200 members was lower in Barrett's epithelium derived high-grade dysplastic cell lines than in a cell line derived from benign Barrett's epithelium. We observed signif icant inverse correlations between miR-200 family expression and ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression in Barrett's epithelium and esophageal adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: miR-200 expression might contribute to the anti-apoptotic and proliferative phenotype of Barrett's epithelium and regulate key neoplastic processes in this epithelium. | Cameron M Smith David I Watson Mary P Leong George C Mayne Michael Z Michael Bas PL Wijnhoven Damian J Hussey | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，8： | 13 |
| 5 | Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to predict response of hepatocellular carcinoma to chemoembolization显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether intra-procedural diffusion- weighted magnetic resonance imaging can predict response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during trans- catheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). METHODS: Sixteen patients (15 male), aged 59 ±11 years (range: 42-81 years) underwent a total of 21 separate treatments for unresectable HCC in a hybrid magnetic resonance/interventional radiology suite. Ana- tomical imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging (b = 0, 500 s/mm2) were performed on a 1.5-T unit. Tumor enhancement and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC, mm2/s) values were assessed immediately before and at 1 and 3 mo after TACE. We calculated the percent change (PC) in ADC values at all time points. We compared follow-up ADC values to baseline values using a paired t test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The intra-procedural sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (%) for detecting a complete or partial 1-mo tumor response using ADC PC thresholds of ±5%, ±10%, and ±15% were 77, 67, 91, and 40; 54, 67, 88, and 25; and 46, 100, 100, and 30, respectively. There was no clear predictive value for the 3-mo follow-up. Compared to baseline, the immediate post-procedure and 1-mo mean ADC values both increased; the latter obtaining statistical significance (1.48 ± 0.29 mm2/s vs 1.65 ± 0.35 × 10-3 mm2/s, P < 0.014). CONCLUSION: Intra-procedural ADC changes of > 15% predicted 1-mo anatomical HCC response with the greatest accuracy, and can provide valuable feedback at the time of TACE. | Johnathan C Chung Neel K Naik Robert J Lewandowski Mary F Mulcahy Laura M Kulik Kent T Sato Robert K Ryu Riad Salem Andrew C Larson Reed A Omary | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，25： | 13 |
| 6 | Frailty is independently associated with increased hospitalisation days in patients on the liver transplant waitlist显示文摘AIM To investigate the impact of physical frailty on risk of hospitalisation in cirrhotic patients on the liver transplant waitlist.METHODS Cirrhotics listed for liver transplantation at a single centre underwent frailty assessments using the Fried Frailty Index, consisting of grip strength, gait speed, exhaustion, weight loss, and physical activity. Clinical and biochemical data including MELD score as collected at the time of assessment. The primary outcome was number of hospitalised days per year; secondary outcomes included incidence of infection. Univariable and multivariable analysis was performed using negative binomial regression to associate baseline parameters including frailty with clinical outcomes and estimated incidence rate ratios(IRR). RESULTS Of 587 cirrhotics, 64% were male, median age(interquartile range) was 60(53-64) years and MELD score was 15(12-18). Median Fried Frailty Index was 2(1-3); 31.6% were classified as frail(fried frailty ≥ 3). During 12 mo of follow-up, 43% required at least 1hospitalisation; 38% of which involved major infection.107/184(58%) frail and 142/399(36%) non-frail patients were hospitalised at least once(P < 0.001). In univariable analysis, Fried Frailty Index was associated with total hospitalisation days per year(IRR = 1.51,95%CI: 1.28-1.77; P ≤ 0.001), which remained significant on multivariable analysis after adjustment for MELD, albumin, and gender(IRR for frailty of 1.21,95%CI: 1.02-1.44; P = 0.03). Incidence of infection was not influenced by frailty.CONCLUSION In cirrhotics on the liver transplant waitlist, physical frailty is a significant predictor of hospitalisation and total hospitalised days per year, independent of liver disease severity. | Marie Sinclair Eduard Poltavskiy Jennifer L Dodge Jennifer C Lai | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，5： | 11 |
| 7 | Vanishing bile duct syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus infected adults:A report of two cases显示文摘Vanishing bile duct syndrome(VBDS) is a group of rare disorders characterized by ductopenia,the progressive destruction and disappearance of intrahepatic bile ducts leading to cholestasis.Described in association with medications,autoimmune disorders,cancer,transplantation,and infections,the specific mechanisms of disease are not known.To date,only 4 cases of VBDS have been reported in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients.We report 2 additional cases of HIV-associated VBDS and review the features common to the HIV-associated cases.Presentation includes hyperbilirubinemia,normal liver imaging,and negative viral and autoimmune hepatitis studies.In HIV-infected subjects,VBDS occurred at a range of CD4+ T-cell counts,in some cases following initiation or change in antiretroviral therapy.Lymphoma was associated with two cases;nevirapine,antibiotics,and viral co-infection were suggested as etiologies in the other cases.In HIV-positive patients with progressive cholestasis,early identification of VBDS and referral for transplantation may improve outcomes. | Ana Paula Oppenheimer Christopher Koh Mary McLaughlin John C Williamson Thomas D Norton Jennifer Laudadio Theo Heller David E Kleiner Kevin P High Caryn G Morse | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，1： | 8 |
| 8 | Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013显示文摘 | Marie Ng Tom Fleming Margaret Robinson Blake Thomson Nicholas Graetz Christopher Margono Erin C Mullany Stan Biryukov Cristiana Abbafati Semaw Ferede Abera Jerry P Abraham Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh Tom Achoki Fadia S AlBuhairan Zewdie A Alemu Rafael Alfonso | 2014 | The Lancet2014，，： | 7 |
| 9 | Early plasmapheresis and rituximab for acute humoral rejection after ABO-compatible liver transplantation显示文摘Acute humoral rejection (AHR) is uncommon after ABO-compatible liver transplantation. Herein, we report two cases of AHR treated with plasmapheresis and rituximab in two ABO-compatible liver-transplant patients with preformed anti-human leukocyte antigen donor-specif ic antibodies. Patient 1 experienced a biopsy-proven AHR at day 10 post-transplant. She was treated by steroid pulses, and OKT3. Because of persisting signs of biopsy-proven AHR at day 26, she was treated by plasmapheresis and rituximab. Liver enzyme levels did not improve, and she died on day 41. Patient 2 experienced a biopsy-proven AHR on day 10 post-transplant. She was treated by steroid pulses, plasmapheresis, and rituximab. Liver enzymes returned to within normal range 18 d after diagnosis. Liver biopsies, at 3 and 9 mo post-transplant, showed complete resolution of AHR. We conclude that plasmapheresis should be started as soon as AHR is diagnosed, and be associated with a B-cell depleting agent. Rituximab may be considered as a first-line therapy. | Nassim Kamar Laurence Lavayssière Fabrice Muscari Janick Selves Céline Guilbeau-Frugier Isabelle Cardeau Laure Esposito Olivier Cointault Marie Béatrice Nogier Jean Marie Peron Philippe Otal Marylise Fort Lionel Rostaing | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，27： | 6 |
| 10 | Retrograde-viewing device improves adenoma detection rate in colonoscopies for surveillance and diagnostic workup显示文摘AIM:To determine which patients might benefit most from retrograde viewing during colonoscopy through subset analysis of randomized,controlled trial data.METHODS:The Third Eye Retroscope Randomized Clinical Evaluation(TERRACE) was a randomized,controlled,multicenter trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of a retrograde-viewing auxiliary imaging device that is used during colonoscopy to provide a second video image which allows viewing of areas on the proximal aspect of haustral folds and flexures that are difficult to see with the colonoscope's forward view.We performed a post-hoc analysis of the TERRACE data to determine whether certain subsets of the patient population would gain more benefit than others from use of the device.Subjects were patients scheduled for colonoscopy for screening,surveillance or diagnostic workup,and each underwent same-day tandem examinations with standard colonoscopy(SC) and Third Eye colonoscopy(TEC),randomized to SC followed by TEC or vice versa.RESULTS:Indication for colonoscopy was screening in 176/345 subjects(51.0%),surveillance after previous polypectomy in 87(25.2%) and diagnostic workup in 82(23.8%).In 4 subjects no indication was specified.Previously reported overall results had shown a net additional adenoma detection rate(ADR) with TEC of 23.2% compared to SC.Relative risk(RR) of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC as the initial procedure was 1.92(P = 0.029).Post-hoc subset analysis shows additional ADRs for TEC compared to SC were 4.4% for screening,35.7% for surveillance,55.4% for diagnostic and 40.7% for surveillance and diagnostic combined.The RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC was 1.11(P = 0.815) for screening,3.15(P = 0.014) for surveillance,8.64(P = 0.039) for diagnostic and 3.34(P = 0.003) for surveillance and diagnostic combined.Although a multivariate Poisson regression suggested gender as a possibly significant factor,subset analysis showed that the difference between genders was not statistically significant.Age,bowel prep quality and withdrawal time did not significantly affect the RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC.Mean sizes of adenomas detected with TEC and SC were similar at 0.59 cm and 0.56 cm,respectively(P = NS).CONCLUSION:TEC allows detection of significantly more adenomas compared to SC in patients undergoing surveillance or diagnostic workup,but not in screening patients(ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01044732). | Peter D Siersema Amit Rastogi Anke M Leufkens Paul A Akerman Kassem Azzouzi Richard I Rothstein Frank P Vleggaar Alessandro Repici Giacomo Rando Patrick I Okolo Olivier Dewit Ana Ignjatovic Elizabeth Odstrcil James East Pierre H Deprez Brian P Saunders Anthony N Kalloo Bradley Creel Vikas Singh Anne Marie Lennon Daniel C DeMarco | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，26： | 6 |
| 11 | Recurrent Clostridium difficile infections:The importance of the intestinal microbiota显示文摘Clostridium difficile infections(CDI)are a leading cause of antibiotic-associated and nosocomial diarrhea.Despite effective antibiotic treatments,recurrent infections are common.With the recent emergence of hypervirulent isolates of C.difficile,CDI is a growing epidemic with higher rates of recurrence,increasing severity and mortality.Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is an alternative treatment for recurrent CDI.A better understanding of intestinal microbiota and its role in CDI has opened the door to this promising therapeutic approach.FMT is thought to resolve dysbiosis by restoring gut microbiota diversity thereby breaking the cycle of recurrent CDI.Since the first reported use of FMT for recurrent CDI in 1958,systematic reviews of case series and case report have shown its effectiveness with high resolution rates compared to standard antibiotic treatment.This article focuses on current guidelines for CDI treatment,the role of intestinal microbiota in CDI recurrence and current evidence about FMT efficacy,adverse effects and acceptability. | Marie Céline Zanella Terrier Martine Louis Simonet Philippe Bichard Jean Louis Frossard | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，23： | 5 |
| 12 | Factors associated with long-term survival after liver transplantation:A retrospective cohort study显示文摘AIM To identify predictive factors associated with long-term patient and graft survival(> 15 years) in liver transplant recipients.METHODS Medical charts of all de novo adult liver transplant recipients(n = 140) who were transplanted in Hamburg between 1997 and 1999 were retrospectively reviewed.In total,155 transplantations were identified in this time period(15 re-transplantations).Twenty-six orthotopic liver transplant(OLT) recipients were early lost to followup due to moving to other places within 1 year after transplantation.All remaining 114 patients were included in the analysis.The following recipient factors were analysed:Age,sex,underlying liver disease,pre-OLT body mass index(BMI),and levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),bilirubin,creatinine and gammaglutamyltransferase(gamma-GT),as well as warm and cold ischemia times.Furthermore,the following donor factors were assessed:Age,BMI,cold ischemia time and warm ischemia time.All surviving patients were followed until December 2014.We divided patients into groups according to their underlying diagnosis:(1) hepatocellularcarcinoma(n = 5,4%);(2) alcohol toxic liver disease(n = 25,22.0%);(3) primary sclerosing cholangitis(n = 6,5%);(4) autoimmune liver diseases(n = 7,6%);(5) hepatitis C virus cirrhosis(n = 15,13%);(6) hepatitis B virus cirrhosis(n = 21,19%);and(7) other(n = 35,31%).The group 'other' included rare diagnoses,such as acute liver failure,unknown liver failure,stenosis and thrombosis of the arteria hepatica,polycystic liver disease,Morbus Osler and Caroli disease.RESULTS The majority of patients were male(n = 70,61%).Age and BMI at the time point of transplantation ranged from 16 years to 69 years(median:53 years) and from 15 kg/m^2 to 33 kg/m^2(median:24),respectively.Sixty-six OLT recipients(58%) experienced a follow-up of 15 years after transplantation.Recipient's age(P = 0.009) and BMI(P = 0.029) were identified as risk factors for death by χ~2-test.Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed BMI or age above the median as predictors of decreased long-term survival(P = 0.008 and P = 0.020).Hepatitis B as underlying disease showed a trend for improved long-term survival(P = 0.049,χ~2-test,P = 0.055;Kaplan-Meier analysis,Log rank).Pre-transplant bilirubin,creatinine,ALT and gamma-GT levels were not associated with survival in these patients of the pre-era of the model of end stage liver disease.CONCLUSION The recipients' age and BMI were predictors of longterm survival after OLT,as well as hepatitis B as underlying disease.In contrast,donors' age and BMI were not associated with decreased survival.These findings indicate that recipient factors especially have a high impact on long-term outcome after liver transplantation. | Sven Pischke Marie C Lege Moritz von Wulffen Antonio Galante Benjamin Otto Malte H Wehmeyer Uta Herden Lutz Fischer Bjorn Nashan Ansgar W Lohse Martina Sterneck | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，8： | 5 |
| 13 | Sensitivity and inter-observer variability for capsule endoscopy image analysis in a cohort of novice readers显示文摘瞄准:为检测囊内视镜检查法调查结果决定新手阅读器(第 4 个年医学院的学生) 的性能。方法:小肠损害的十个囊内视镜检查法盒子予读者被以。标准答案调查结果被胃的肠学预先规定。十个标准答案“目标”在 10 个盒子之中被识别。读者们被给快速的读者软件的 30-min 概述并且指示标记畸形的任何潜在的区域。一个软件程序用 SAS 被开发分析缩小的调查结果。结果:为检测标准答案调查结果的全面敏感是 80% 。作为一个组,至少 5 从 10 个读者检测了每记录发现的每个标准答案。当读者的结果被联合时,所有标准答案目标被识别。偶然的 finding/false 积极的率每读者在 8.2-59.8 之间变化了。结论:有最小的内视镜的经验的医学院的学生的一块面板能在在囊内视镜检查法上检测损害完成高敏感。一组新手读者能预先屏蔽为进一步的评论缩小小肠损害的潜在的区域的记录。这些指图必须被考察决定临床的关联。进一步的研究是进行中的估计另外的队。 | Gary C Chen Pedram Enayati Tam Tran Mary Lee-Henderson Clifford Quan Gareth Dulai Ian Arnott James Sul Rome Jutabha | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，8： | 5 |
| 14 | eTailQ: dimensionalizing, measuring and predicting etail quality显示文摘 | Mary Wolfinbarger Mary C Gilly | 2003 | Journal of Retailing2003，，3： | 4 |
| 15 | YKL40 expression in CD14^+ liver cells in acute and chronic injury显示文摘AIM:To demonstrate that CD14 + cells are an important source of the growth factor YKL40 in acute and chronic liver damage.METHODS:Rats were inoculated with one dose of CCl4 to induce acute damage.Liver biopsies were obtained at 0,6,12,24,48 and 72 h.For chronic damage,CCl4 was administered three days per week for 6 or 8 wk.Tissue samples were collected,and cellular populations were isolated by liver digestion and purified by cell sorting.YKL40 mRNA and protein expression were evaluated by realtime polymerase chain reaction and western blot.RESULTS:Acute liver damage induced a rapid increase of YKL40 mRNA beginning at 12 h.Expression peaked at 24 h,with a 26fold increase over basal levels.By 72 h however,YKL40 expression levels had nearly returned to control levels.On the other hand,chronic damage induced a sustained increase in YKL40 expression,with 7and 9fold higher levels at 6 and 8 wk,respectively.The pattern of YKL40 expression in different subpopulations showed that CD14+cells,which include Kupffer cells,are a source of YKL40 after acute damage at 72 h[0.09 relative expression units(REU)]as well as after chronic injury at 6 wk(0.11 REU).Hepatocytes,in turn,accounted for 0.06 and 0.01 REU after 72 h(acute)or 6 wk(chronic),respectively.The rest of the CD14cells(including T lymphocytes,B lymphocytes,natural killer and natural killer T cells) yielded 0.07 and 0.15 REU at 72 h and 6 wk,respectively.YKL40 protein expression in liver was detected at 72 h as well as 6 and 8 wk,with the highest expression relative to controls(11fold;P≤0.05)seen at 6 wk.Macrophages were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide.We demonstrate that under these conditions,these cells showed maximum expression of YKL40 at 12 h,with P<0.05 compared with controls.CONCLUSION:Hepatic CD14 + cells are an YKL40 mRNA and protein source in acute and chronic liver injury,with expression patterns similar to growth factors implicated in inflammationfibrogenesis. | Oscar Pizano-Martínez Irinea Yaez-Sánchez Pilar Alatorre-Carranza Alejandra Miranda-Díaz Pablo C Ortiz-Lazareno Trinidad García-Iglesias Adrian Daneri-Navarro Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado Mary Fafutis-Morris Vidal Delgado-Rizo | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，33： | 3 |
| 16 | Highly active antiretroviral therapy dysregulates proliferation and differentiation of human pre-adipocytes显示文摘AIM To investigate the mechanism(s) by which potential effects of multi-drug highly-active antiretroviral therapy contributes to lipodystrophy syndrome. METHODS Preadipocytes from healthy donors were assessed for proliferation and differentiation in the presence of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs), nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs), and protease inhibitors(PIs) individually and in combination. Effects on proliferation were assessed with a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and effects on differentiation were assessed from glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH) activity and quantitation of Oil Red O staining for intracellular lipid. Data were analyzed with a randomized block ANOVA with post-hoc Fisher's Least Significant Difference test. RESULTS Preadipocyte proliferation was inhibited by a combination of NNRTI + NRTI(14% at 48 h, P < 0.001) and PI + NRTI(19% at 48 h, P < 0.001) with additional suppression when ritonavir(RTV) was added(26% at 48 h). The drug combination of atazanavir(ATV) + RTV + emtricitabine(FTC) + tenofovir(TDF) had the greatest inhibitory effect on proliferation at 48 h. Preadipocyte differentiation was most significantly reduced by the efavirenz + FTC + TDF assessed either by GPDH activity(64%) or lipid accumulation(39%), P < 0.001. Combining NRTIs with a PI(ATV + FTC + TDF) significantly suppressed differentiation(GPDH activity reduced 29%, lipid accumulation reduced by 19%, P < 0.01). This effect was slightly greater when a boosting amount of RTV was added(ATV + FTC + TDF + RTV, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Although combination antiretroviral therapy is clinically more efficacious than single drug regimens, it also has a much greater inhibitory effect on preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. | Eyone Jones Pavel Mazirka Margaret A McNurlan Frank Darras Marie C Gelato Giuseppe Caso | 2017 | World Journal of Virology2017，6，3： | 3 |
| 17 | Quality of life, physical performance and nutritional status in older patients hospitalized in a cardiology department显示文摘Objectives Quality of life(QoL) is a priority outcome in older adults suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Frailty and poor nutritional status may affect the QoL through mobility disorders and exhaustion. The objective of this study was to determine if physical frailty and nutritional status were associated with QoL, in older cardiology patients. Methods Cross sectional, observational study conducted in a cardiology department from a university hospital. Participants(n = 100) were aged 70 and older. Collected data included age, sex, cardiac diseases, New York Heart Association(NYHA) classification, comorbidities(Charlson Index) and disability. A Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB), including walking speed assessment was performed;handgrip strength were measured as well as Fried’s frailty phenotype. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA) and Body Mass Index(BMI), inflammation by C-reactive protein(CRP). QoL was assessed using the EORTC–QLQ questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to study the associations between all recorded parameters and QoL. Results In participants(mean age: 79.3 ± 6.7 years;male: 59%), Charlson index, arrhythmia, heart failure, NYHA class III-IV, MNA, disability, walking speed, SPPB score, frailty and CRP were significantly associated with QoL in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that NYHA class III-IV(P < 0.001), lower MNA score(P = 0.03), frailty(P < 0.0001), and higher CRP(P < 0.001) were independently associated with decreased QoL. Conclusions Frailty, nutritional status and inflammation were independently associated with poor QoL. Further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of nutritional and physical interventions on QoL in this population. | Matthieu Lilamand Mariannick Saintout Marie Vigan Astrid Bichon Laure Tourame Aurélie Brembilla Diet Bernard Iung Dominique Himbert Cédric Laouenan Agathe Raynaud-Simon | 2020 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2020，17，7： | 3 |
| 18 | Recurrence of lymphangioleiomyomatosis: Nine years after a bilateral lung transplantation显示文摘Lymphangioleiomyomatosis(LAM) is a rare, slowly progressive lethal lung disease primary afflicting young women. LAM is characterized by proliferation of abnormal smooth muscle cells that target the lungs, causing cystic destruction and eventual respiratory failure leading to death. Recent ten year mortality due to end stage LAM has been reported to be approximately 10%-20%, but may vary. The decline in lung function in LAM is gradual, occurring at a rate of about 3% to 15% per year but can vary from patient to patient. But recently therapy with mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR) inhibitors such as sirolimus has shown promising results in the stabilization of lung function and reduction of chylous effusions in LAM. Lung transplantation is a viable option for patients who continue to have decline in lung function despite m TOR therapy. Unique issues that may occur post-transplant in a recipient with LAM include development of chylous effusion and a risk of recurrence. We describe a case of LAM recurrence in a bilateral lung transplant recipient who developed histological findings of LAM nine years after transplantation. | Khawaja S Zaki Zahra Aryan Atul C Mehta Olufemi Akindipe Marie Budev | 2016 | World Journal of Transplantation2016，6，1： | 3 |
| 19 | AJCN:过敏症来袭怎么办?新型益生菌组合疗法显神效显示文摘当进入过敏季节我们可能并不太会拿出手帕或者打喷嚏来预防过敏。日前,一项刊登在国际杂志The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition上的研究报告中。来自佛罗里达大学的研究人员通过研究发现。一种益生菌组合或许能够帮助减轻花粉症的症状。 | Jennifer C Dennis-Wall Tyler Culpepper Carmelo Nieves Jr. Cassie C Rowe Alyssa M Burns Carley T Rusch Ashton Federico Maria Ukhanova Sheldon Waugh Volker Mai Mary C Christman Bobbi Langkamp-Henken | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，18： | 3 |
| 20 | Quality monitoring in colonoscopy: Time to act显示文摘Colonoscopy is the gold standard test for colorectal cancer screening. The primary advantage of colonoscopy as opposed to other screening modalities is the ability to provide therapy by removal of precancerous lesions at the time of detection. However, colonoscopy may miss clinically important neoplastic polyps. The value of colonoscopy in reducing incidence of colorectal cancer is dependent on many factors including, the patient, provider, and facility level. A high quality examination includes adequate bowel preparation, optimal colonoscopy technique, meticulous inspection during withdrawal, identification of subtle flat lesions, and complete polypectomy. Considerable variation among institutions and endoscopists has been reported in the literature. In attempt to diminish this disparity, various approaches have been advocated to improve the quality of colonoscopy. The overall impact of these interventions is not yet well defined. Implementing optimal education and training and subsequently analyzing the impact of these endeavors in improvement of quality will be essential to augment the utility of colonoscopy for the prevention of colorectal cancer. | Mary A Atia Francisco C Ramirez Suryakanth R Gurudu | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，4： | 3 |
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