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| 1 | Is nasopharyngeal cancer really a “Cantonese cancer”?显示文摘Nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC) is endemic in Southern China,with Guandong province and Hong Kong reporting some of the highest incidences in the world.The journal Science has called it a 'Cantonese cancer'.We propose that in fact NPC is a cancer that originated in the Bai-Yue('proto-Tai-Kadai' or 'proto-Austronesian' or 'proto-Zhuang') peoples and was transmitted to the Han Chinese in southern China through intermarriage.However,the work by John Ho raised the profile of NPC,and because of the high incidence of NPC in Hong Kong and Guangzhou,NPC became known as a Cantonese cancer.We searched historical articles,articles cited in PubMed,Google,monographs,books and Internet articles relating to genetics of the peoples with high populations of NPC.The migration history of these various peoples was extensively researched,and where possible,their genetic fingerprint identified to corroborate with historical accounts.Genetic and anthropological evidence suggest there are a lot of similarities between the Bai-Yue and the aboriginal peoples of Borneo and Northeast India;between Inuit of Greenland,Austronesian Mayalo-Polynesians of Southeast Asia and Polynesians of Oceania,suggesting some common ancestry.Genetic studies also suggest the present Cantonese,Minnans and Hakkas are probably an admixture of northern Han and southern Bai-Yue.All these populations have a high incidence of NPC.Very early contact between southern Chinese and peoples of East Africa and Arabia can also account for the intermediate incidence of NPC in these regions. | Joseph Tien Seng Wee Tam Cam Ha Susan Li Er Loong Chao-Nan Qian | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2010，29，5： | 37 |
| 2 | Narrow band imaging with magnification for the diagnosis of lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract显示文摘Endoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal(GI)tract disorders.Chromoendoscopy has proven to be superior to white light endoscopy for early detection of various GI lesions.This has however been fraught with problems.The use of color stains,time taken to achieve an effect and the learning curve associated with the technique has been some of the pitfalls.Narrow band imaging(NBI)particularly in combination with magnifying endoscopy may allow the endoscopist to accomplish a fairly accurate diagnosis with good histological correlation similar to results achieved with chromoendoscopy.Such enhanced detection of pre-malignant and early neoplastic lesions in the gastrointestinal tract should allow better targeting of biopsies and could ultimately prove to be cost effective.Various studies have been done demonstrating the utility of this novel technology.This article will review the impact of NBI in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal tract disorders. | Rajvinder Singh Asif Hussain Cheong Kuan Loong | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2013，5，12： | 12 |
| 3 | Comparison of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness between myopia severity groups and controls显示文摘AIM: To compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness measured via optical coherence tomography(OCT) between different groups of myopia severity and controls. METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent a full ophthalmic examination, refraction, visual field analysis and A-scan biometry. Myopic patients were classified as low myopia(LM) [spherical equivalent(SE) from greater than-0.5 D, up to-3.0 D], moderate myopia(MM; SE greater than-3.0 D, up to-6.0 D) and high myopia(HM; SE greater than-6.0 D). The control group consisted of emmetropic(EM) patients(SE from +0.5 D to-0.5 D). A Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT machine was used to measure the peripapillary RNFL thickness of both eyes of each subject. The mean peripapillary RNFL thickness between groups was compared using both analysis of variance and analysis of covariance.RESULTS: A total of 403 eyes of 403 subjects were included in this study. The mean age was 31.48±10.23 y. There were 180(44.7%) eyes with EM, 124(30.8%) with LM, 73(18.1%) with MM and 26(6.5%) with HM. All groups of myopia severity had a thinner average RNFL than the EM group, but after controlling for gender, age, and axial eye length, only the HM group differed significantly from the EM group(P=0.017). Likewise, the superior, inferior and nasal RNFL was thinner in all myopia groups compared to controls, but after controlling for confounders, only the inferior quadrant RNFL was significantly thinner in the HM group, when compared to the EM group(P=0.017). CONCLUSION: The average and inferior quadrant RNFL is thinner in highly myopic eyes compared to emmetropic eyes. Refractive status must be taken into consideration when interpreting the OCT of myopic patients, as RNFL thickness varies with the degree of myopia. | Evelyn Li Min Tai Jiunn Loong Ling Eng Hui Gan Hussein Adil Wan-Hiram Wan-Hazabbah | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，2： | 7 |
| 4 | Contents of four active components in different commercial crude drugs and preparations of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza)显示文摘AIM:To detect the contents of four active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza in various commercially available danshen crude drugs and preparations.METHODS:Commercially available danshen crude drugs from different sources,as well as danshen pills and intravenous injection preparations containing danshen alone or in combination with other herbs were collected.The composition of these danshen samples was analyzed using HPLC.Specifically,the amounts of magnesium tanshinoate B(MTB),danshensu,isotanshinone IIA,and cryptotanshinone were determined.In some of these samples,the content of MTB was further confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (LC-MS)/MS method.RESULTS:There were great variations in the amount of the four active ingredients in the commercially available danshen crude drugs and drug preparations in this study.The amount of MTB was the highest among the four components measured in the crude drugs.However,the amounts of MTB in all danshen preparations were much lower than those in crude drugs.The 2 lipophilic components,isotanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone,were very low or not detectable in both injection and oral preparations.CONCLUSION:MTB can be used to standardize the various forms of danshen crude drugs and drug preparations from different sources.In view of the variation in the amounts of MTB and other components,improvement in the production methods of danshen preparations is essential to ensure consistent amount of its active ingredients and reproducible pharmacological actions. | Susan Wai Sum LEUNG Yaw Loong SIOW Ricky Ying Keung MAN | 2002 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2002，23，12： | 6 |
| 5 | A comparative study of pancreas transplantation between type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘Background:Pancreas transplantation remains the best long-term treatment option to achieve physiological euglycemia and insulin independence in patients with labile diabetes mellitus(DM).It is widely accepted as an optimal procedure for type 1 DM(T1DM),but its application in type 2 DM(T2DM)is not unanimously acknowledged.Methods:In total,146 diabetes patients undergoing pancreas transplantation were included in this study.Clinical data and outcomes were compared between the T1DM and T2DM groups.Results:Majority(93%)of the pancreas transplantations in T2DM were for uremic recipients.Complications occurred in 106(73%)patients,including 70(48%)with early complications before discharge and 79(54%)with late complications during follow-up period.Overall,rejection of pancreas graft occurred in 37(25%)patients.Total rejection rate in T2DM recipients was significantly lower than that in T1DM.The short-and long-term outcomes for endocrine function in terms of fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c levels and graft survival rates are comparable between the T2DM and T1DM groups.Conclusions:T2DM is not inferior to T1DM after pancreas transplantation in terms of surgical risks,immunological and endocrine outcomes,and graft survival rates.Therefore,pancreas transplantation could be an effective option to treat selected uremic T2DM patients without significant insulin resistance. | Bor-Shiuan Shyr Bor-Uei Shyr Shih-Chin Chen Che-Chuan Loong Yi-Ming Shyr Shin-E Wang | 2021 | Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition2021，10，4： | 4 |
| 6 | Randomised controlled trial comparing modified Sano's and narrow band imaging international colorectal endoscopic classifications for colorectal lesions显示文摘AIM To assess the utility of modified Sano′s(MS) vs thenarrow band imaging international colorectal endoscopic(NICE) classification in differentiating colorectal polyps.METHODS Patients undergoing colonoscopy between 2013 and 2015 were enrolled in this trial.Based on the MS or the NICE classifications,patients were randomised for real-time endoscopic diagnosis.This was followed by biopsies,endoscopic or surgical resection.The endoscopic diagnosis was then compared to the final(blinded) histopathology.The primary endpoint was the sensitivity(Sn),specificity(Sp),positive predictive value(PPV) and negative predictive value(NPV) of differentiating neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps(MSⅡ/Ⅱo/Ⅲa/Ⅲb vs I or NICE 1 vs 2/3).The secondary endpoints were 'endoscopic resectability'(MSⅡ/Ⅱo/Ⅲa vs Ⅰ/Ⅲb or NICE 2 vs 1/3),NPV for diminutive distal adenomas and prediction of post-polypectomy surveillance intervals.RESULTS A total of 348 patients were evaluated.The Sn,Sp,PPV and NPV in differentiating neoplastic polyps from non-neoplastic polyps were,98.9%,85.7%,98.2% and 90.9% for MS;and 99.1%,57.7%,95.4% and 88.2% for NICE,respectively.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC) for MS was 0.92(95%CI:0.86-0.98);and AUC for NICE was 0.78(95%CI:0.69,0.88).The Sn,Sp,PPV and NPV in predicting 'endoscopic resectability' were 98.9%,86.1%,97.8% and 92.5% for MS;and 98.6%,66.7%,94.7% and 88.9% for NICE,respectively.The AUC for MS was 0.92(95%CI:0.87-0.98);and the AUC for NICE was 0.83(95%CI:0.75-0.90).The AUC values were statistically different for both comparisons(P = 0.0165 and P = 0.0420,respectively).The accuracy for diagnosis of sessile serrated adenoma/polyp(SSA/P) with high confidence utilizing MS classification was 93.2%.The differentiation of SSA/P from other lesions achieved Sp,Sn,PPV and NPV of 87.2%,91.5%,89.6% and 98.6%,respectively.The NPV for predicting adenomas in diminutive rectosigmoid polyps(n = 150) was 96.6% and 95% with MS and NICE respectively.The calculated accuracy of post-polypectomy surveillance for MS group was 98.2%(167 out of 170) and for NICE group was 92.1%(139 out of 151).CONCLUSION The MS classification outperformed the NICE classification in differentiating neoplastic polyps and predicting endoscopic resectability.Both classifications met ASGE PIVI thresholds. | Leonardo Zorrón Cheng Tao Pu Kuan Loong Cheong Doreen Siew Ching Koay Sze Pheh Yeap Amanda Ovenden Mahima Raju Andrew Ruszkiewicz Philip W Chiu James Y Lau Rajvinder Singh | 2018 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2018，10，9： | 4 |
| 7 | A new prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma based on total tumor volume: The Taipei Integrated Scoring system显示文摘 | Chia-Yang Hsu Yi-Hsiang Huang Cheng-Yuan Hsia Chien-Wei Su Han-Chieh Lin Che-Chuan Loong Yi-You Chiou Jen-Huey Chiang Pui-Ching Lee Teh-Ia Huo Shou-Dong Lee | 2010 | Journal of Hepatology2010，，1： | 3 |
| 8 | Multicenter randomised controlled trial comparing the high definition white light endoscopy and the bright narrow band imaging for colon polyps显示文摘AIM To compare high definition white light endoscopy and bright narrow band imaging for colon polyps' detection rates. METHODS Patients were randomised to high definition white light endoscopy(HD-WLE) or the bright narrow band imaging(b NBI) during withdrawal of the colonoscope. Polyps identified in either mode were characterised using b NBI with dual focus(b NBI-DF) according to the Sano's classification. The primary outcome was to compare adenoma detection rates(ADRs) between the two arms. The secondary outcome was to assess the negative predictive value(NPV) in differentiating adenomas from hyperplastic polyps for diminutive rectosigmoid lesions.RESULTS A total of 1006 patients were randomised to HD-WLE(n = 511) or b NBI(n = 495). The mean of adenoma per patient was 1.62 and 1.84, respectively. The ADRs in b NBI and HD-WLE group were 37.4% and 39.3%, respectively. When adjusted for withdrawal time(OR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.15-1.24, P < 0.001), the use of b NBI was associated with a reduced ADR(OR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.52-0.92). Nine hundred and thirty three polyps(86%) in both arms were predicted with high confidence. The sensitivity(Sn), specificity(Sp), positive predictive value and NPV in differentiating adenomatous from non-adenomatous polyps of all sizes were 95.9%, 87.2%, 94.0% and 91.1% respectively. The NPV in differentiating an adenoma from hyperplastic polyp using b NBI-DF for diminutive rectal polyps was 91.0%.CONCLUSION ADRs did not differ between b NBI and HD-WLE, however HD-WLE had higher ADR after adjustment of withdrawal time. b NBI surpassed the PIVI threshold for diminutive polyps. | Rajvinder Singh Kuan Loong Cheong Leonardo Zorron Cheng Tao Pu Dileep Mangira Doreen Siew Ching Koay Carmen Kee Siew Chien Ng Rungsun Rerknimitr Satimai Aniwan Tiing-Leong Ang Khean-Lee Goh Shiaw Hooi Ho James Yun-Wong Lau | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，6： | 2 |
| 9 | 南极假丝酵母在纳米聚苯乙烯上的共价固载及其在微波辅助酯化反应中的应用(英文)显示文摘Nanopolystyrene was used as a solid support for the covalent immobilization of Candida antarctica lipase B(Cal B) using the photoreactive reagent 1‐fluoro‐2‐nitro‐4‐azido benzene(FNAB) as a cou‐pling reagent. The obtained derivative was then used as a biocatalyst in a microwave assisted ester‐ification experiment. Factors such as contact time, pH, and enzyme concentration were investigated during immobilization. The hydrolytic activity, thermal, and operational stability of immobi‐lized‐Cal B were determined. The maximum immobilized yield(218 μg/mg support) obtained at pH 6.8 exhibited optimum hydrolytic activity(4.42 × 103 mU p‐nitrophenol/min). The thermal stability of Cal B improved significantly when it was immobilized at pH 10, however, the immobilized yield was very low(93.6 μg/mg support). The immobilized‐Cal B prepared at pH 6.8 and pH 10 retained 50% of its initial activity after incubation periods of 14 and 16 h, respectively, at 60 °C. The opera‐tional stability was investigated for the microwave assisted esterification of oleic acid with metha‐nol. Immobilized‐Cal B retained 50% of its initial activity after 15 batch cycles in the micro‐wave‐assisted esterification. The esterification time was notably reduced under microwave irradia‐tion. The combined use of a biocatalyst and microwave heating is thus an alternative total green synthesis process. | Attaullah Bukhari Ani Idris Madiha Atta Teo Chee Loong | 2014 | 催化学报2014，35，9： | 2 |
| 10 | Comparison of Surgical Resection and Transarterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma beyond the Milan Criteria: A Propensity Score Analysis显示文摘 | Chia-Yang Hsu MD Cheng-Yuan Hsia MD Yi-Hsiang Huang MD PhD Chien-Wei Su MD Han-Chieh Lin MD Jih-Tung Pai MD PhD Che-Chuan Loong MD PhD Yi-You Chiou MD Rheun-Chuan Lee MD Fa-Yauh Lee MD Teh-Ia Huo MD Shou-Dong Lee MD | 2012 | Annals of Surgical Oncology2012，，3： | 2 |
| 11 | Paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis report of a case relieved by L - dopa 显示文摘 | Loong SC OngYY | 1973 | J Neurol Nerosurg Psychiatry1973，36，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Diagnosis of coronary artery disease by radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging 显示文摘 | Loong CY Anagnostopoulos C | 2004 | Heart2004，90，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Gastro-intestinal stromal tumors : a review of current management options 显示文摘 | Loong HH | 2007 | Hong Kong Med J2007，13，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Midstream urine culture and sensitivity test is a poor predictor of infected urine proximal to the obstruc- ting ureteral stone or infected stones: a prospective clinical study 显示文摘 | Mariappan P Loong CW | 2004 | J Urol2004，171，： | 1 |
| 15 | Impact of prolonged sludge retention time on the per- formance of a submerged membrane bioreactor显示文摘 | Darren l)elai Sun Swee Loong Khor Choon Teck Hay | 2007 | De- salination2007，208，13： | 1 |
| 16 | Clinical significance of microscopic tumor venous invasion in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘 | Tzu-Jung Tsai Gar-Yang Chau Wing-Yiu Lui Shyh-Haw Tsay Kuang-Liang King Che-Chuan Loong Cheng-Yuan Hsia Chew-Wun Wu | 2000 | Surgery2000，，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Increasing Donor Body Weight to Prevent Small-for-Size Syndrome in Living Donor Liver Transplantation显示文摘 | Chinsu Liu Rheun-Chuan Lee Che-Chuan Loong Cheng-Yuan Hsia Yi-Chen Yeh See-Ying Chiou | 2010 | World Journal of Surgery2010，，10： | 1 |
| 18 | The role of rare earth dopants in nanophase zirconia catalysts for automotive emission control显示文摘 | Loong K Ozawa M | 2000 | Journal of Alloys and Compounds2000，，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Post-stroke depression: outcome following rehabilitation显示文摘 | Loong CK Kenneth NK Paulin ST | 1995 | Aust N J Psychiatry1995，29，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Takotsubo cardiomyopathy following lightning strike显示文摘 | Dundon BK Puri R Loong DP | 2008 | Emerg Med J2008，25，7： | 1 |
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