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| 1 | The wonders of BMP9:From mesenchymal stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and metabolism to regenerative medicine显示文摘Although bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)initially showed effective induction of ectopic bone growth in muscle,it has since been determined that these proteins,as members of the TGF-b superfamily,play a diverse and critical array of biological roles.These roles include regulating skeletal and bone formation,angiogenesis,and development and homeostasis of multiple organ systems.Disruptions of the members of the TGF-b/BMP superfamily result in severe skeletal and extra-skeletal irregularities,suggesting high therapeutic potential from understanding this family of BMP proteins.Although it was once one of the least characterized BMPs,BMP9 has revealed itself to have the highest osteogenic potential across numerous experiments both in vitro and in vivo,with recent studies suggesting that the exceptional potency of BMP9 may result from unique signaling pathways that differentiate it from other BMPs.The effectiveness of BMP9 in inducing bone formation was recently revealed in promising experiments that demonstrated efficacy in the repair of critical sized cranial defects as well as compatibility with bone-inducing bio-implants,revealing the great translational promise of BMP9.Furthermore,emerging evidence indicates that,besides its osteogenic activity,BMP9 exerts a broad range of biological functions,including stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and metabolism.This review aims to summarize our current understanding of BMP9 across biology and the body. | Sami Mostafa Mikhail Pakvasa Elam Coalson Allen Zhu Alex Alverdy Hector Castillo Jiaming Fan Alex Li Yixiao Feng Di Wu Elliott Bishop Scott Du Mia Spezia Alissa Li Ofir Hagag Alison Deng Winny Liu Mingyang Li Sherwin S·Ho Aravind Athiviraham Michael J·Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Guillermo A·Ameer Hue H·Luu Rex C·Haydon Jason Strelzow Kelly Hynes Tong-Chuan He Russell R·Reid | 2019 | Genes & Diseases2019，6，3： | 15 |
| 2 | Neural EGF-like protein 1(NELL-1):Signaling crosstalk in mesenchymal stem cells and applications in regenerative medicine显示文摘Bone tissue regeneration holds the potential to solve both osteoporosis and large skeletal defects,two problems associated with significant morbidity.The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into the osteogenic lineage requires a specific microenvironment and certain osteogenic growth factors.Neural EGF Like-Like molecule 1(NELL-1)is a secreted glycoprotein that has proven,both in vitro and in vivo,to be a potent osteo-inductive factor.Furthermore,it has been shown to repress adipogenic differentiation and inflammation.NELL-1 can work synergistically with other osteogenic factors such as Bone Morphogenic Protein(BMP)2 and9,and has shown promise for use in tissue engineering and as a systemically administered drug for the treatment of osteoporosis.Here we provide a comprehensive up-to-date review on the molecular signaling cascade of NELL-1 in mesenchymal stem cells and potential applications in bone regenerative engineering. | Mikhail Pakvasa Alex Alverdy Sami Mostafa Eric Wang Lucy Fu Alexander Li Leonardo Oliveira Aravind Athiviraham Michael J.Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Tong-Chuan He Guillermo A.Ameer Russell R.Reid | 2017 | Genes & Diseases2017，4，3： | 13 |
| 3 | Nature:揭示干细胞惊人异质性显示文摘论文作者George Daley教授说:"这是一项非常基础的研究,但它阐明了多能性状态广泛性。我们捕获了干细胞不同状态的详细分子谱。"研究人员通过采用多种变量如不同的化学物质、培养环境和遗传敲除来扰乱多能干细胞,研究人员探究了它们的发育景观。随后,他们分析了每个细胞的遗传组成,观察了每个细胞多能状态的微小波动。他们发现内部、化学和环境信号影响干细胞方式的许多细微差异,揭示出了复杂的发育调控因子"决策"回路。 | Roshan M.Kumar Patrick Cahan Alex K.Shalek Rahul Satija A.Jay Daley Keyser Hu Li Jin Zhang Keith Pardee David Gennert John J.Trombetta Thomas C.Ferrante Aviv Regev George Q.Daley James J. Collins | 2014 | 岭南现代临床外科2014，14，6： | 10 |
| 4 | 基于凸模型的结构非概率可靠性指标及其求解方法研究显示文摘当不确定性信息量不足以精确确定概率模型时,基于凸模型的非概率可靠性理论为工程结构安全性提供一种有效的评估方法.论文基于材料、几何及荷载大小等不确定性因素扰动界限的多椭球模型描述,运用标准化变换和标准空间广义无穷范数度量,给出定义非概率可靠性指标的极小极大优化数学模型.该非概率可靠性指标可理解为结构所能容许的参数不确定范围与实际不确定范围的相对'长度'比值.通过对极限状态方程的线性化近似,推导优化问题的显式迭代公式,实现非概率可靠性指标的简便求解.数值算例验证了论文迭代算法的正确性和有效性. | 罗阳军 亢战 Alex Li | 2011 | 固体力学学报2011，32，6： | 9 |
| 5 | Sodium Stress in the Halophyte Thellungiella halophila and Transcriptional Changes in a thsos1-RNA Interference Line显示文摘The plasma membrane Na^+/H^+-antiporter salt overly sensitive1(SOS1)from the halophytic Arabidopsis-relative Thel-lungiella halophila(ThSOS1)shows conserved sequence and domain structure with the orthologous genes fromArabidopsis thaliana and other plants.When expression of ThSOS1 was reduced by RNA interference(RNAi),pronouncedcharacteristics of salt-sensitivity were observed.We were interested in monitoring altered transcriptional responsesbetween Thellungiella wild type and thsosl-4,a representative RNAi line with particular emphasis on root responses to saltstress at 350 mmol/L NaCl,a concentration that is only moderately stressful for mature wild type plants.Transcript profilingrevealed several functional categories of genes that were differently affected in wild-type and RNAi plants.Down-regulationof SOS1 resulted in different gene expression even in the absence of stress.The pattern of gene induction in the RNAi plantunder salt stress was similar to that of glycophytic Arabidopsis rather than that of wild type Thellungiella.The RNAi plantsfailed to down-regulate functions that are normally reduced in wild type Thellungiella upon stress and did not up-regulatefunctions that characterize the Thellungiella salt stress response.Metabolite changes observed in wild type Thellungiellaafter salt stress were less pronounced or absent in RNAi plants.Transcript and metabolite behavior suggested SOS1functions including but also extending its established function as a sodium transporter.The down-regulation of ThSOS1converted the halophyte Thellungiella into a salt-sensitive plant. | Dong-Ha Oh Qingqiu Gong Alex Ulanov Quan Zhang Youzhi Li Wenying Ma Dae-Jin Yun Ray A. Bressan Hans J. Bohnert | 2007 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2007，49，10： | 9 |
| 6 | Estrogen deficiency reversibly induces telomere shortening in mouse granulosa cells and ovarian aging in vivo显示文摘Estrogen is implicated as playing an important role in aging and tumorigenesis of estrogen responsive tissues;however the mechanisms underlying the mitogenic actions of estrogen are not fully understood.Here we report that estrogen deficiency in mice caused by targeted disruption of the aromatase gene results in a signi-ficant inhibition of telomerase maintenance of telomeres in mouse ovaries in a tissue-specific manner.The inhibition entails a significant shortening of telomeres and compromised proliferation in the follicular granulosa cell compartment of ovary.Gene expression analysis showed decreased levels of proto-oncogene c-Myc and the telomerase catalytic subunit,telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT),in response to estrogen deficiency.Estrogen replacement therapy led to increases in TERT gene expression,telomerase activity,telomere length and ovarian tissue growth,thereby reinstating ovary development to normal in four weeks.Our data demonstrate for the first time that telomere maintenance is the primary mechanism mediating the mitogenic effect of estrogen on ovarian granulosa cell proliferation by upregulating the genes of c-Myc and TERT in vivo.Estrogen deficiency or over-activity may cause ovarian tissue aging or tumorigenesis,respectively,through estrogen regulation of telomere remodeling. | Sharyn Bayne He Li Margaret E.E.Jones Alex R.Pinto Michelle van Sinderen Ann Drummond Evan R.Simpson Jun-Ping Liu | 2011 | Protein & Cell2011，2，4： | 8 |
| 7 | Healing time of incision infection after hepatobiliary surgery treated by needle-free incision suture closure显示文摘AIM:To compare the effectiveness of needle-free incision suture closure with butterfly tape and traditional secondary suturing techniques in treating incision infection.METHODS:Two hundred and twenty-three patients with incision infection following hepatobiliary surgery at a tertiary hospital were randomly divided into three groups:90 patients were closed by needle-free incision suture closure,which gradually closed the incision wound when drainage from incision infection was visibly decreased and healthy granulation tissues had grown;79 patients were closed by butterfly bandage;another 54 patients were closed by traditional secondary suturing technique.Healing time of incision infection was calculated from the beginning of dressing change to the healing of the incision.RESULTS:Healing time in the needle-free incision suture closure group(24.2±7.2 d)was significantly shorter than that in the butterfly bandage group(33.3±11.2 d)and the traditional secondary suturing group(36.2±15.3 d)(P<0.05).Healing time in the butterfly bandage group appeared to be slightly shorter than that in the secondary suture group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Needle-free incision suture closure could gradually close the infection wound at the same time of drainage and dressing change,thereby shortening the healing time. | Wen-Jie Ma Yong Zhou Hui Mao Rui-Hua Xu Anuj Shrestha Fu-Yu Li Alex Lorance Qin Yang Yong-Qiong Zhang Ting Jiang Huan Feng Wei Zhang Nan-Sheng Cheng | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，42： | 8 |
| 8 | New serological biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Serological biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are a rapidly expanding list of non-invasive tests for objective assessments of disease activity, early diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and surveillance. This review summarizes both old and new biomarkers in IBD, but focuses on the development and character-ization of new serological biomarkers (identifi ed since 2007). These include fi ve new anti-glycan antibodies, anti-chitobioside IgA (ACCA), anti-laminaribioside IgG (ALCA), anti-manobioside IgG (AMCA), and antibod-ies against chemically synthesized (∑) two major oligomannose epitopes, Man α-1,3 Man α-1,2 Man (∑Man3) and Man α-1,3 Man α-1,2 Man α-1,2 Man (∑Man4). These new biomarkers serve as valuable complementary tools to existing biomarkers not only in differentiating Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), normal and other non-IBD gut diseases, but also in predicting disease involvement (ileum vs colon), IBD risk (as subclinical biomarkers), and disease course (risk of complication and surgery). Interestingly, the prevalence of the antiglycan antibodies, including anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), ALCA and AMCA, was found to be associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IBD susceptible genes such as NOD2/CARD15, NOD1/CARD4, toll-likereceptors (TLR) 2 and 4, and β-defensin-1. Further-more, a gene dosage effect was observed: anti-glycan positivity became more frequent as the number of NOD2/CARD15 SNPS increased. Other new serum/ plasma IBD biomarkers reviewed include ubiquitination factor E4A (UBE4A), CXCL16 (a chemokine), resistin, and apolipoprotein A-IV. This review also discusses the most recent studies in IBD biomarker discovery by the application of new technologies such as proteomics, fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy, and mul-tiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)'s (with an emphasis on cytokine/chemokine profiling). Finally, the prospects of developing more clinically use-ful novel diagnostic algorithms by incorporating new technologies in serological biomarker profiling and integrating multiple biomarkers with bioinformatics analysis/modeling are also discussed. | Xuhang Li Laurie Conklin Philip Alex | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，33： | 6 |
| 9 | High-performance hot-warm rolled Zn-0.8Li alloy with nano-sized metastable precipitates and sub-micron grains for biodegradable stents显示文摘Fabricated through a newly developed hot-warm rolling process,Zn-0.8 Li(wt%)alloy has ideal strength and ductility far beyond the mechanical benchmark of materials for biodegradable stents.Precipitation of needle-like Zn in primary p-LiZn4 phase is observed in Zn-Li alloy for the first time.Orientation relationship between them can be described as[1-213]β//[2-1-10](Zn),(10-10)βabout 4.5°from(0002)(Zn).Zn grains with an average size of 640 nm exhibit strong basal texture,detected by transmission electron back-scatter diffraction.Li distribution is determined by three-dimensional atom probe,which reveals the formation of nano-sized metastableα-Li2Zn3 precipitates with a number density of 7.16×10^22 m^-3.The fine lamellar Zn+β-LiZn4 structure,sub-micron grains and the nano-sized precipitates contribute to the superior mechanical properties. | Zhen Li Zhang-Zhi Shi Yuan Hao Hua-Fang Li Xue-Feng Liu Alex AVolinsky Hai-Jun Zhang Lu-Ning Wang | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，11： | 6 |
| 10 | Estrogen deficiency leads to telomerase inhibition, telomere shortening and reduced cell proliferation in the adrenal gland of mice显示文摘雌激素缺乏调停变老,但是内在的机制尚待充分坚定。我们这里报导 aromatase 的指向的混乱在老鼠引起的雌激素缺乏在 vivo 在肾上腺导致 telomerase 活动的重要抑制。基因表示分析证明当雌激素不在时, telomerase 颠倒 transcriptase (TERT ) 基因表示在肾上腺外皮和肾的萎缩与损害房间增长联合被减少。在 c 工具包积极的干细胞被识别在肾的外皮的实质占据。telomeres 的分析表明那雌激素缺乏比那在肾的外皮导致显著地更短的 telomeres 在野类型(WT ) 控制鼠标。为了推进,建立雌激素的原因的效果,我们在这些雌激素缺乏的动物进行了雌激素代替治疗。为 3 个星期的雌激素的管理在雌激素缺乏的老鼠恢复 TERT 基因表示, telomerase 活动和房间增长。因此,我们第一次,那雌激素缺乏在 vivo 在鼠标的肾上腺引起 TERT 基因表示, telomerase 活动, telomere 维护,和房间增长的抑制的数据表演,建议那 telomerase 抑制并且 telomere 弄短可以调停在肾上腺的房间增长拘捕,因此贡献雌激素在生理的条件下面的导致缺乏的老化。 | Sharyn Bayne Margaret EE Jones He Li Alex R Pinto Evan R Simpson Jun-Ping Liu | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，11： | 6 |
| 11 | High-speed in vitro intensity diffraction tomography显示文摘We demonstrate a label-free,scan-free intensity diffraction tomography technique utilizing annular illumination(aIDT)to rapidly characterize large-volume three-dimensional(3-D)refractive index distributions in vitro.By optimally matching the illumination geometry to the microscope pupil,our technique reduces the data requirement by 60 times to achieve high-speed 10-Hz volume rates.Using eight intensity images,we recover volumes of∼350μm×100μm×20μm,with near diffraction-limited lateral resolution of∼487 nm and axial resolution of∼3.4μm.The attained large volume rate and high-resolution enable 3-D quantitative phase imaging of complex living biological samples across multiple length scales.We demonstrate aIDT’s capabilities on unicellular diatom microalgae,epithelial buccal cell clusters with native bacteria,and live Caenorhabditis elegans specimens.Within these samples,we recover macroscale cellular structures,subcellular organelles,and dynamic micro-organism tissues with minimal motion artifacts.Quantifying such features has significant utility in oncology,immunology,and cellular pathophysiology,where these morphological features are evaluated for changes in the presence of disease,parasites,and new drug treatments.Finally,we simulate the aIDT system to highlight the accuracy and sensitivity of the proposed technique.aIDT shows promise as a powerful high-speed,label-free computational microscopy approach for applications where natural imaging is required to evaluate environmental effects on a sample in real time. | Jiaji Li Alex Matlock Yunzhe Li Qian Chen Chao Zuo Lei Tian | 2019 | Advanced Photonics2019，1，6： | 6 |
| 12 | Recent advances and perspective in metal coordination materialsbased electrode materials for potassium-ion batteries显示文摘Recently,to ameliorate the forthcoming energy crisis,sustainable energy conversion and storage devices have been extensively investigated.Potassium-ion batteries(KIBs)have aroused widespread attention in these very active research applications due to their earth abundance and similar low redox potential compared to Li-ion batteries(LIBs).It is critical to develop electrode materials with large ion diffusion channels and robust structures for long cycling performance in KIBs.Metal coordination materials,including metal-organic frameworks,Prussian blue,and Prussian blue analogue,as well as their composites and derivatives,are known as promising materials for high-performance KIBs due to their open frameworks,large interstitial voids,functionality and tailorability.In this review,we give an overview of the recent advances on the application of metal coordination materials in KIBs.In addition,the methods to enhance their K-ion storage properties are summarized and discussed,such as morphology engineering,doping,as well as compositing with other materials.Ultimately,some prospects for future research of metal coordination materials for KIBs are also proposed. | Fei Wang Yong Liu Hui-Jie Wei Teng-Fei Li Xun-Hui Xiong Shi-Zhong Wei Feng-Zhang Ren Alex A.Volinsky | 2021 | Rare Metals2021，40，2： | 5 |
| 13 | Computer-based Creativity Enhanced Conceptual Design Model for Non-routine Design of Mechanical Systems显示文摘Computer-based conceptual design for routine design has made great strides, yet non-routine design has not been given due attention, and it is still poorly automated. Considering that the function-behavior-structure(FBS) model is widely used for modeling the conceptual design process, a computer-based creativity enhanced conceptual design model(CECD) for non-routine design of mechanical systems is presented. In the model, the leaf functions in the FBS model are decomposed into and represented with fine-grain basic operation actions(BOA), and the corresponding BOA set in the function domain is then constructed. Choosing building blocks from the database, and expressing their multiple functions with BOAs, the BOA set in the structure domain is formed. Through rule-based dynamic partition of the BOA set in the function domain, many variants of regenerated functional schemes are generated. For enhancing the capability to introduce new design variables into the conceptual design process, and dig out more innovative physical structure schemes, the indirect function-structure matching strategy based on reconstructing the combined structure schemes is adopted. By adjusting the tightness of the partition rules and the granularity of the divided BOA subsets, and making full use of the main function and secondary functions of each basic structure in the process of reconstructing of the physical structures, new design variables and variants are introduced into the physical structure scheme reconstructing process, and a great number of simpler physical structure schemes to accomplish the overall function organically are figured out. The creativity enhanced conceptual design model presented has a dominant capability in introducing new deign variables in function domain and digging out simpler physical structures to accomplish the overall function, therefore it can be utilized to solve non-routine conceptual design problem. | LI Yutong WANG Yuxin DUFFY Alex H B | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2014，27，6： | 5 |
| 14 | Investigation on reversible pump turbine flow structures and associated pressure field characteristics under different guide vane openings显示文摘The use of reversible pump turbines(RPT) within pumped storage power plants goes with prolonged periods of off-design operating conditions, which leads to the onset of operating mode-dependent instabilities. In order to decrease the gravity of RPT flow instabilities and associated damages or even completely eliminate them, a deep understanding of its onset and development mechanism is needed. In line with this, the present study seeks to numerically investigate the onset and development mechanism of RPT unsteady flow structures as well as the evolutional characteristics of associated pressure pulsations throughout the RPT complete flow passage, under off-design conditions for three GVOs namely 17, 21, and 25 mm. The study results showed that low torque operating conditions and associated vaneless space back flow structures were the trigger of flow unsteadiness onset within the RPT vaneless space, the instabilities which grew to cause the S-shape characteristics appearance. Moreover, the runner flow unsteadiness was found to decrease with the GVO increase. On the other hand, the GVO increase worsened the pressure pulsation levels within RPT flow zones, where pressure pulsations within the vaneless space and flow zones in its vicinities were found to be the most sensitive to GVO changes. | BINAMA Maxime SU WenTao CAI WeiHua LI FengChen WEI XianZhu MUHIRWA Alex GONG RuZhi WEKESA David W | 2019 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2019，62，11： | 5 |
| 15 | Glycolysis in the control of blood glucose homeostasis显示文摘Glycolysis,a simple pathway of glucose metabolism,critically regulates insulin secretion and metabolic functions of various cells.Depending on cell types,rates of glycolysis are determined at various steps of glycolysis that are subjected to the control of key metabolic and regulatory enzyme(S),which include glucokinase,6-phosphofructo-I-kinase,and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase.These enzymes are regulated by both nutritional and hormonal signals at the levels of transcription,translation,and post-translational modifications.In hepatocytes,glycolysis is involved in the control of hepatic glucose production.The latter,when excessive,contributes to hyperglycemia in diabetes.In pancreatic β cells,glycolysis couples glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.Absolute or relatively low levels of circulating insulin causes hyperglycemia.In adipocytes,glycolysis generates metabolites for lipogenesis and channels fatty acids from excessive oxidation to triglyceride synthesis,thereby reducing oxidative stress.With increased proinflammatory status,adipocytes produce pro-hyperglycemic factors and bring about hyperglycemia and insulin resistance.In hypotha lamic neurons,glycolysis conveys nutrient sensing that is related to feeding control.Dysregulation of glycolysis occurs in conditions of insulin deficiency or resistance,and is attributable to inappropriate amount and/or activities of metabolic and regulatory enzymes of glycolysis.Targeting key metabolic and regulatory enzymes to enhance glycolysis may offer viable approaches for treatment of diabetes. | Xin Guo Honggui Li Hang Xu Shihlung Woo Hui Dong Fuer Lu Alex J.Lange Chaodong Wu | 2012 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2012，2，4： | 3 |
| 16 | Woofer–tweeter adaptive optical structured illumination microscopy显示文摘A woofer–tweeter adaptive optical structured illumination microscope(AOSIM) is presented. By combining a low-spatial-frequency large-stroke deformable mirror(woofer) with a high-spatial-frequency low-stroke deformable mirror(tweeter), we are able to remove both large-amplitude and high-order aberrations. In addition, using the structured illumination method, as compared to widefield microscopy, the AOSIM can accomplish highresolution imaging and possesses better sectioning capability. The AOSIM was tested by correcting a large aberration from a trial lens in the conjugate plane of the microscope objective aperture. The experimental results show that the AOSIM has a point spread function with an FWHM that is 140 nm wide(using a water immersion objective lens with NA=1.1) after correcting a large aberration(5.9 μm peak-to-valley wavefront error with 2.05 μm RMS aberration). After structured light illumination is applied, the results show that we are able to resolve two beads that are separated by 145 nm, 1.62× below the diffraction limit of 235 nm. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of the AOSIM in the field of bioimaging. The sample under investigation was a green-fluorescentprotein-labeled Drosophila embryo. The aberrations from the refractive index mismatch between the microscope objective, the immersion fluid, the cover slip, and the sample itself are well corrected. Using AOSIM we were able to increase the SNR for our Drosophila embryo sample by 5×. | QINGGELE LI MARC REINIG DAICH KAMIYAMA BO HUANG XIAODONG TAO ALEX BARDALES JOEL KUBBY | 2017 | Photonics Research2017，5，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Resolution-enhanced intensity diffraction tomography in high numerical aperture label-free microscopy显示文摘We propose label-free and motion-free resolution-enhanced intensity diffraction tomography(reIDT)recovering the 3D complex refractive index distribution of an object.By combining an annular illumination strategy with a high numerical aperture(NA)condenser,we achieve near-diffraction-limited lateral resolution of 346 nm and axial resolution of 1.2μm over 130μm×130μm×8μm volume.Our annular pattern matches the system’s maximum NA to reduce the data requirement to 48 intensity frames.The reIDT system is directly built on a standard commercial microscope with a simple LED array source and condenser lens adds-on,and promises broad applications for natural biological imaging with minimal hardware modifications.To test the capabilities of our technique,we present the 3D complex refractive index reconstructions on an absorptive USAF resolution target and Henrietta Lacks(HeLa)and HT29 human cancer cells.Our work provides an important step in intensity-based diffraction tomography toward high-resolution imaging applications. | JIAJI LI ALEX MATLOCK YUNZHE LI QIAN CHEN LEI TIAN CHAO ZUO | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，12： | 3 |
| 18 | Application of digital image correlation to full-field measurement of shrinkage strain of dental composites显示文摘Objectives: Polymerization shrinkage of dental composites remains a major concern in restorative dentistry because it can lead to micro-cracking of the tooth and debonding at the tooth-restoration interface. The aim of this study was to measure the full-field polymerization shrinkage of dental composites using the optical digital image correlation (DIC) method and to evaluate how the measurement is influenced by the factors in experiment setup and image analysis. Methods: Four commercial dental composites, Premise Dentine, Z100, Z250 and Tetric EvoCeram, were tested. Composite was first placed into a slot mould to form a bar specimen with rectangular-section of 4 mm mm, followed by the surface painting to create irregular speckles. Curing was then applied at one end of the specimen while the other part were covered against curing light for simulating the clinical curing condition of composite in dental cavity. The painted surface was recorded by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera before and after curing. Subsequently, the volumetric shrinkage of the specimen was calculated with specialist DIC software based on image cross correlation. In addition, a few factors that may influence the measuring accuracy, including the subset window size, speckle size, illumination light and specimen length, were also evaluated. Results: The volumetric shrinkage of the specimen generally decreases with increasing distance from the irradiated surface with a conspicuous exception being the composite Premise Dentine as its maximum shrinkage occurred at a subsurface distance of about 1 mm instead of the irradiated surface. Z100 had the greatest maximum shrinkage strain, followed by Z250, Tetric EvoCeram and then Premise Dentine. Larger subset window size made the shrinkage strain contour smoother. But the cost was that some details in the heterogeneity of the material were lost. Very small subset window size resulted in a lot of noise in the data, making it difficult to discern the general pattern in the strain distribution. Speckle size did not seem to have obvious effect on the volumetric shrinkage strain along specimen length; however, larger speckles resulted in higher level of noise or heterogeneity in the shrinkage distribution. Compared with bright illumination, dimmer lighting produced larger standard deviations in the measured shrinkage, indicating a higher level of noise. The longer the specimen, the greater was the rate of reduction with distance from the irradiated surface, especially for the longitudinal strain. Significance: The image correlation method is capable of producing full-field polymerization shrinkage of dental composites. The accuracy of the measurements relies on selection of optimal parameters in experimental setup and DIC analysis. | Jian-ying LI Andrew LAU Alex S. L. FOK | 2013 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)2013，14，1： | 3 |
| 19 | Henkel Technologies and Products for China Aerospace显示文摘Epoxy structural adhesives and composites have been in use for many years for the construction of aerospace vehicles. Henkel provides many epoxy products. Many other resin systems have been evaluated and several, such as imide, phenolic and cyanate ester, have also achieved significant use. Henkel’s newly developed “Epsilon” chemistry demonstrates unique features that benefit application in aerospace structure that use adhesives and composites. | Michael Cichon Helen Wei Li Alex Wong Stan Lehmann Raymond Wong | 2006 | 材料工程2006，34，5： | 3 |
| 20 | Chronic overexpression of PNPLA3^sup I148M^ in mouse liver causes hepatic steatosis显示文摘 | Li John Zhong Huang Yongcheng Karaman Ruchan Ivanova Pavlina T Brown H Alex Roddy Thomas Castro-Perez Jose Cohen Jonathan C Hobbs Helen H | 2012 | EN2012，，11： | 3 |
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