|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 家庭医生提供更多综合性医疗服务与更低医疗费用及更少住院率有关显示文摘1引言〈br〉 2009年患者保护与平价医疗法案(ACA)开始再次关注基层医疗及其在实现美国三重目标--人群健康改善、医疗服务改进、医疗费用降低方面的作用。考虑到美国人口的老龄化、人口数目的增长及参保人口的增多,数十年的证据支持基层医疗具备改善已超过整体经济增长数十年且仍可能继续增长的医疗费用状况的潜能。在已明确的基层医疗特征里,医疗的综合性或其覆盖健康问题、年龄阶段及治疗形式的广泛性及多样性使基层医疗发挥着积极的作用。在1996年出版的一本经常被引用的基层医疗图书中,美国医学研究所将医疗综合性定义为“……临床医生为解决绝大多数人群的医疗卫生需求而提供的综合、可获取的医疗卫生服务。”世界卫生组织于2008年对基层医疗综合性的价值进行了重申。基层医疗的另一项原则是要对患有未分化疾病的患者进行首诊,这需要医疗服务具备综合性以有效地辨别患者的症状和主诉,并在必要时进行诊断和治疗。同样,医患关系的连续性(被研究最多的基层医疗特征之一)及其在许多行医地点中的协调性都依赖于基层医疗的综合性。从理论上来讲,医疗综合性可以“在正确的时间与地点提供正确的医疗服务”,且很有可能避免之后再进行花费高的治疗。 | Andrew Bazemore Stephen Petterson Lars E.Peterson Robert L.Phillips 魏亚萌 | 2015 | 中国全科医学2015，18，25： | 8 |
| 2 | The gibberellin biosynthetic genes AtGA20ox1 and AtGA20ox2 act, partially redundantly, to promote growth and development throughout the Arabidopsis life cycle显示文摘 | IvoRieu OmarRuiz‐Rivero NievesFernandez‐Garcia JayneGriffiths Stephen J.Powers FanGong TerezieLinhartova SvenEriksson OveNilsson Stephen G.Thomas Andrew L.Phillips PeterHedden | 2007 | The Plant Journal2007，，3： | 1 |
| 3 | Wind erodibility of soils at Fort Irwin, California (Mojave Desert), USA, before and after trampling disturbance: implications for land management显示文摘 | J.Belnap S. L.Phillips J. E.Herrick J. R.Johansen | 2006 | Landforms2006，，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Time dependent integration of matrix metalloproteinases and their targeted substrates directs axonal sprouting and synaptogenesis following central nervous system injury显示文摘Over the past two decades,many investigators have reported how extracellular matrix molecules act to regulate neuroplasticity.The majority of these studies involve proteins which are targets of matrix metalloproteinases.Importantly,these enzyme/substrate interactions can regulate degenerative and regenerative phases of synaptic plasticity,directing axonal and dendritic reorganization after brain insult.The present review first summarizes literature support for the prominent role of matrix metalloproteinases during neuroregeneration,followed by a discussion of data contrasting adaptive and maladaptive neuroplasticity that reveals time-dependent metalloproteinase/substrate regulation of postinjury synaptic recovery.The potential for these enzymes to serve as therapeutic targets for enhanced neuroplasticity after brain injury is illustrated with experiments demonstrating that metalloproteinase inhibitors can alter adaptive and maladaptive outcome.Finally,the complexity of metalloproteinase role in reactive synaptogenesis is revealed in new studies showing how these enzymes interact with immune molecules to mediate cellular response in the local regenerative environment,and are regulated by novel binding partners in the brain extracellular matrix.Together,these different examples show the complexity with which metalloproteinases are integrated into the process of neuroregeneration,and point to a promising new angle for future studies exploring how to facilitate brain plasticity. | Linda L.Phillips Julie L.Chan Adele E.Doperalski Thomas M.Reeves | 2014 | Neural Regeneration Research2014，9，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Associates of change in liver fat content in the morbidly obese after laparoscopic gastric banding surgery显示文摘 | M. L.Phillips S.Boase S.Wahlroos M.Dugar L.Kow J.Stahl J. P.Slavotinek R.Valentine J.Toouli C. H.Thompson | 2008 | Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism2008，，8： | 1 |
| 6 | The development of emotion‐processing in children: effects of age, emotion, and intensity显示文摘 | Catherine M.Herba SabineLandau TamaraRussell ChristineEcker Mary L.Phillips | 2006 | Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry2006，，11： | 1 |
| 7 | Biochar addition to vineyard soils:effects on soil functions,grape yield and wine quality显示文摘In response to increasing concerns over climate change,soil health and wine quality,grape growers are seeking new practices(e.g.,biochar application)to minimize their environmental footprint while increasing productivity and the quality of their products.To explore the potential of biochar-based amendments to achieve these goals in wine grape production,vineyard trials were established in the fall of 2018.Two Oregon sites were chosen with distinct soil types and climates(Willamette Valley and Rogue Valley)but planted with the same grapevine scion/rootstock Pinot noir combination.Four treatments were applied under vines at each location:no biochar-no tillage(NT);no biochar+tillage(B0);18 tons ha^(−1)biochar+tillage(B18);35 tons ha^(−1)biochar+tillage(B35).In 2019,a suite of soil health,plant,and crop variables were measured,and wines were produced after harvest.The incorporation of biochar modified the chemical and physical composition of soils at the two studied locations,increasing the bioavailability of carbon and nitrogen,their gravimetric water content and the concentration of plant available micro and macro nutrients.No responses of plant physiology parameters or productivity at either site were found after biochar incorporation when compared with controls.Conversely,a significant and gradual decrease in the amount of wine tannins was found as a result of biochar application in wines produced from grapes from the Woodhall location.Long-term field experiments are required to assess the effects of biochar on soil properties,vine physiol-ogy,productivity,and grape and wine quality several years after incorporation. | Manuel García-Jaramillo Kylie M.Meyer Claire L.Phillips Verónica Acosta-Martínez James Osborne Alexander D.Levin Kristin M.Trippe | 2021 | Biochar2021，3，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Interpreting diel hysteresis between soil respiration and temperature显示文摘 | CLAIRE L.PHILLIPS NICKNICKERSON DAVIDRISK BARBARA J.BOND | 2010 | Global Change Biology2010，，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Modification of gibberellin biosynthesis in the grafted apple scion allows control of tree height independent of the rootstock显示文摘 | Sean M.Bulley Fiona M.Wilson PeterHedden Andrew L.Phillips Stephen J.Croker David J.James | 2005 | Plant Biotechnology Journal2005，，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Towards predicting biochar impacts on plant-available soil nitrogen content显示文摘Biochars can improve soil health but have been widely shown to reduce plant-available nitrogen(N)owing to their high carbon(C)content,which stimulates microbial N-immobilization.However,because biochars contain large amounts of C that are not microbially available,their total elemental C:N ratio does not correspond well with impacts on soil N.We hypothesized that impacts on soil plant-available N would relate to biochar mineralizable-C(C_(min))content,and that C:N ratios of the mineralizable biochar component could provide a means for predicting conditions of net soil N-mineralization or-immobilization.We conducted two laboratory experiments,the first measuring biochar C_(min)from respiration of isotopically labeled barley biochars manufactured at 300,500,and 750℃,and the second characterizing C_(min)by proxy measurements for ten biochars from six feedstocks at several temperatures.For both experiments,soils were incubated with 2%biochar by mass to determine impacts to soil N-mineralization.Contrary to expectation,all the biochars increased soil N-mineralization relative to unamended soils.Also unexpected,higher temperature(500 and 700℃)barley biochars with less C_(min)stimulated more soil decomposition and more soil N-mineralization than a 350℃barley biochar.However,across diverse biochar feedstocks and production methods,none of the biochar characteristics correlated with soil N-mineralization.The finding of improved soil N-mineralization adds complexity to the range of soil N responses that can be expected in response to biochar amendment.Because of the limited ability to predict soil N responses from biochar properties,users should monitor soil N to manage soil fertility. | Claire L.Phillips Kylie M.Meyer Manuel Garcia-Jaramillo Clara S.Weidman Catherine E.Stewart Thomas Wanzek Michael A.Grusak Donald W.Watts Jeff Novak Kristin M.Trippe | 2022 | Biochar2022，4，1： | 0 |
| 11 | Adjusting to climate:Acclimation,adaptation and developmental plasticity in physiological traits of a tropical rainforest lizard显示文摘The impact of climate change may be felt most keenly by tropical ectotherms.In these taxa,it is argued,thermal specialization means a given shift in temperature will have a larger effect on fitness.For species with limited dispersal ability,the impact of climate change depends on the capacity for their climate-relevant traits to shift.Such shifts can occur through genetic adaptation,various forms of plasticity,or a combination of these processes.Here we assess the extent and causes of shifts in 7 physiological traits in a tropical lizard,the rainforest sunskink(Lampropholis coggeri).Two populations were sampled that differ from each other in both climate and physiological traits.We compared trait values in each animal soon after field collection versus following acclimation to laboratory conditions.We also compared trait values between populations in:(i)recently field-collected animals;(ii)the same animals following laboratory acclimation;and(iii)the laboratory-reared offspring of these animals.Our results reveal high trait lability,driven primarily by acclimation and local adaptation.By contrast,developmental plasticity,resulting from incubation temperature,had little to no effect on most traits.These results suggest that,while specialized,tropical ectotherms may be capable of rapid shifts in climate-relevant traits. | John LLEWELYN Stewart L.MACDONALD Craig MORITZ Felipe MARTINS AmberleeHATCHER Ben L.PHILLIPS | 2018 | Integrative Zoology2018，13，4： | 0 |
| 12 | 家庭医学:加速患者与人群健康提升的突破性革新显示文摘本文由参加第4届G.Gayle Stephens研讨会的作者于会后撰写,这些作者同时也是家庭医学与美国健康(FMAHealth)委员会的成员。文章将现阶段FMAHealth所做的战略与沟通工作的志向与会议得出的理念进行了关联。FMAHealth项目由8个国家家庭医学机构赞助,力图在最初的家庭医学未来项目的基础上进行开展。此项目的目标之一是使实力充足的家庭医生队伍在持续改善的医疗之家模式中工作,并且由足够维持医疗之家和私人医生与患者保持联系的综合付费模式支持。 | Glen Stream Jennifer E.DeVoe Lauren S.Hughes Robert L.Phillips 本刊编辑部(译) | 2016 | 中国全科医学2016，19，28： | 0 |
| 13 | Preliminary evaluation of a decision support tool for biochar amendment显示文摘Meta-analyses have shown that only about half of biochar addition studies report improved plant growth.To improve yield response,here we describe a decision support tool(DST)for selecting a biochar type and amendment rate to meet soil and crop management goals,based on soil and biochar tests values and crop requirements as reported by regional extension recommendations.Using data from a greenhouse wheat trial,we assessed whether this approach could predict changes in soil chemistry and whether it could identify soils in which amendment would stimulate crop yield.These data indicated that the DST could provide semi-quantitative predictions of biochar amendment rates needed to meet target soil pH levels,with recommended rates averaging 25%higher than were needed.The DST was better at predicting biochar application rates to provision P and K.Across six soil types,post-harvest measurements of extractable-K showed an average 104%recovery of the quantities estimated to be provisioned by conifer wood or wheat straw biochars.Extractable-P recovery averaged 101%in two sandy soils with low P-retention but was considerably lower in four soils with higher P-retention capacity.Green-house data also showed that wheat growth improved only when biochar alleviated pH that was substantially below critical thresholds for plant growth,and supported the principle of using crop-specific pH requirements as part of an approach for biochar decision-support.Future field trials that evaluate yield responses in several nutrient-deficient or acidified soils will be needed to provide a robust evaluation of this DST. | Claire L.Phillips Sarah E.Light Adam Lindsley Thomas A.Wanzek Kylie M.Meyer Kristin M.Trippe | 2020 | Biochar2020，2，1： | 0 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员