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| 1 | Pancreatic cancer: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment and outcomes显示文摘This review aims to outline the most up-to-date knowledge of pancreatic adenocarcinoma risk, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes, while identifying gaps that aim to stimulate further research in this understudied malignancy. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a lethal condition with a rising incidence, predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer death in some regions. It often presents at an advanced stage, which contributes to poor five-year survival rates of 2%-9%, ranking firmly last amongst all cancer sites in terms of prognostic outcomes for patients. Better understanding of the risk factors and symptoms associated with this disease is essential to inform both health professionals and the general population of potential preventive and/or early detection measures. The identification of high-risk patients who could benefit from screening to detect pre-malignant conditions such as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms is urgently required, however an acceptable screening test has yet to be identified. The management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is evolving, with the introduction of new surgical techniques and medical therapies such as laparoscopic techniques and neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, however this has only led to modest improvements in outcomes. The identification of novel biomarkers is desirable to move towards a precision medicine era, where pancreatic cancer therapy can be tailored to the individual patient, while unnecessary treatments that have negative consequences on quality of life could be prevented for others. Research efforts must also focus on the development of new agents and delivery systems. Overall, considerable progress is required to reduce the burden associated with pancreatic cancer. Recent, renewed efforts to fund large consortia and research into pancreatic adenocarcinoma are welcomed, but further streams will be necessary to facilitate the momentum needed to bring breakthroughs seen for other cancer sites. | Andrew McGuigan Paul Kelly Richard C Turkington Claire Jones Helen G Coleman R Stephen McCain | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，43： | 140 |
| 2 | Mechanisms of cancer metastasis to the bone显示文摘Some of the most common human cancers, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer, metastasize with avidity to bone. What is the basis for their preferential growth within the bone microenvironment? Bidirectional interactions between tumor cells and cells that make up bone result in a selective advantage for tumor growth and can lead to bone destruction or new bone matrix deposition. This review discusses our current understanding of the molecu- lar components and mechanisms that are responsible for those interactions. | Claire B. POLLOCK Kathleen KELLY | 2005 | Cell Research2005，15，1： | 50 |
| 3 | Bile acids as endogenous etiologic agents in gastrointestinal cancer显示文摘Bile acids are implicated as etiologic agents in cancer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including cancer of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, biliary tract, pancreas and colon/rectum. Deleterious effects of bile acid exposure, likely related to carcinogenesis, include: induction of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species; induction of DNA damage; stimulation of mutation; induction of apoptosis in the short term, and selection for apoptosis resistance in the long term. These deleterious effects have, so far, been reported most consistently in relation to esophageal and colorectal cancer, but also to some extent in relation to cancer of other organs. In addition, evidence is reviewed for an association of increased bile acid exposure with cancer risk in human populations, in specific human genetic conditions, and in animal experiments. A model for the role of bile acids in GI carcinogenesis is presented from a Darwinian perspective that offers an explanation for how the observed effects of bile acids on cells contribute to cancer development. | Harris Bernstein Carol Bernstein Claire M Payne Katerina Dvorak | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，27： | 38 |
| 4 | Molecular subtyping and genomic profiling expand precision medicine in refractory metastatic triple-negative breast cancer:the FUTURE trial显示文摘Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly heterogeneous disease,and molecular subtyping may result in improved diagnostic precision and targeted therapies.Our previous study classified TNBCs into four subtypes with putative therapeutic targets.Here,we conducted the FUTURE trial(ClinicalTrials.gov identifer:NCT03805399),a phaseⅠb/Ⅱsubtyping-based and genomic biomarker-guided umbrella trial,to evaluate the efficacy of these targets.Patients with refractory metastatic TNBC were enrolled and stratifed by TNBC subtypes and genomic biomarkers,and assigned to one of these seven arms:(A)pyrotinib with capecitabine,(B)androgen receptor inhibitor with CDK4/6 inhibitor,(C)anti PD-1 with nab-paclitaxel,(D)PARP inhibitor included,(E)and(F)anti-VEGFR included,or(G)mTOR inhibitor with nab paclitaxel.The primary end point was the objective response rate(ORR).We enrolled 69 refractory metastatic TNBC patients with a median of three previous lines of therapy(range,1-8).Objective response was achieved in 20(29.0%,95%confidence interval(CI):18.7%-41.2%)of the 69 intention-to-treat(ITT)patients.Our results showed that immunotherapy(arm C),in particular,achieved the highest ORR(52.6%,95%CI:28.9%-75.6%)in the ITT population.Arm E demonstrated favorable ORR(26.1%,95%C:10.2%-48.4%in the ITT population)but with more high grade(23)adverse events.Somatic mutations of TOP2A and CD8 immunohistochemical score may have the potential to predict immunotherapy response in the immunomodulatory subtype of TNBC.In conclusion,the phaseⅠb/ⅡFUTURE trial suggested a new concept for TNBC treatment,demonstrating the clinical beneft of subtyping-based targeted therapy for refractory metastatic TNBC. | Yi-Zhou Jiang Yin Liu Yi Xiao Xin Hu Lin Jiang Wen-ia Zuo Ding Ma Jiahan Ding Xiaoyu Zhu Jianjun Zou Claire Verschraegen Daniel G.Stover Virginia Kaklamani Zhong-Hua Wang Zhi-Ming Shao | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，2： | 37 |
| 5 | 一种新型高非线性色散平坦光子晶体光纤结构显示文摘提出了一种新的高非线性色散平坦光子晶体光纤结构,引入了一个衡量非线性和色散平坦的品质因子δ。采用平面波展开法,研究了气孔尺寸对光子晶体光纤色散特性和非线性的影响。新结构在第一圈空气孔的中间插入六个附加小孔,使得光子晶体光纤有更小的有效模场面积,提高了光纤的非线性。通过控制第一圈和第三圈空气孔以及附加小孔的直径,使得该光子晶体光纤在大约330 nm的波长范围内,光纤的色散系数介于±0.5 ps/(km.nm)之间,在大约230nm的波长范围内,光纤的色散系数介于±0.1 ps/(km.nm)之间,在大约200 nm的波长范围内,光纤的色散系数D的值介于±0.05 ps/(km.nm)之间。光纤的有效模场面积为2.26μm2。衡量非线性和色散平坦的品质因子δ=11.8 ps.W/μm2。 | 刘洁 杨昌喜 Claire Gu 金国藩 | 2006 | 光学学报2006，26，10： | 29 |
| 6 | 2018加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组/国际双相障碍学会指南:双相障碍的管理显示文摘加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组(Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments,CANMAT)曾于2005年发布了第1版双相障碍管理指南,并分别于2007、2009和2013年对该指南进行了更新,其中最近的2次更新是与国际双相障碍学会(International Society for Bipolar Disorders,ISBD)合作完成。2018版CANMAT/ISBD双相障碍治疗指南(以下简称指南)反映了自2005年首版指南发表以来本领域取得的重大进展,包括疾病诊断与疾病管理的更新以及药物治疗与心理治疗的近期研究进展。这些前沿进展中综合考虑了循证证据的级别,并基于治疗疗效、临床实践经验、安全性、耐受性和药物导致的转相风险等,对一线、二线及三线治疗方案进行了简明而清晰的推荐。本指南中新增内容涵盖了双相Ⅰ型障碍(BD-Ⅰ)的躁狂发作急性期、抑郁发作急性期和双相障碍维持期的一线及二线治疗推荐等级划分。这种对治疗推荐等级的划分综合考虑了治疗方法对双相障碍不同时相的影响,将进一步帮助临床医生做出基于循证证据的治疗决策。锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、阿塞那平、阿立哌唑、帕利哌酮、利培酮和卡利拉嗪单药或联合使用被推荐为躁狂发作急性期的一线治疗选择。BD-Ⅰ抑郁期的一线治疗选择包括喹硫平、鲁拉西酮、锂盐、拉莫三嗪单药,鲁拉西酮联合锂盐或双丙戊酸盐或拉莫三嗪辅助治疗。尽管急性期治疗有效的药物通常应继续用于BD-Ⅰ的维持期治疗,但也存在一些特殊情况(例如抗抑郁药)。现有数据表明,锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、拉莫三嗪、阿塞那平和阿立哌唑单药或联合治疗应被视为维持治疗的初始或更换治疗方案时的一线选择。除了探讨BD-Ⅰ的相关问题外,本指南中还对双相Ⅱ型障碍(BD-Ⅱ)的临床管理进行了系统回顾并给予治疗推荐,同时针对特殊人群也有相关推荐,如处于各个生殖周期的女性、儿童、青少年和老年人。此外,本指南中还讨论了特定精神疾病及共病(如物质滥用、焦虑障碍和代谢性疾病)的影响。最后,本指南中概述了安全性和药物监测的相关问题。CANMAT/ISBD工作组希望本指南能够成为全球临床医生的实用工具。 | Lakshmi N Yatham Sidney H Kennedy Sagar V Parikh Ayal Sehaffer David J Bond Benicio N Frey Verinder Sharma Benjamin I Goldstein Soham Rej Serge Beaulieu Martin Alda Glenda MaeQueen Roumen V Milev Arun Ravindran Claire O'Donovan Diane Mclntosh Raymond W Lam Gustavo Vazquez Flavio Kapczinski Roger S Melntyre Jan Kozicky Shigenobu Kanba Beny Lafer Trisha Suppes Joseph R Calabrese Eduard Vieta Gin Malhi Robert M Post Michael Berk 胡晨(译) 王刚(译) | 2019 | 中华精神科杂志2019，52，1： | 25 |
| 7 | Circadian Clock Genes Universally Control Key Agricultural Traits显示文摘生理节奏的钟是使植物能同步的内长的定时器有每日、季节的环境条件的生物过程以便在白天和年的最有益的时间期间分配资源。生理节奏的钟调整很多项中央植物活动,包括生长,开发,和复制,首先通过控制 transcriptional 活动和蛋白质功能的一个实质的比例。这评论检验生理节奏的钟基因的等位基因在庄稼植物的驯服和改进起了的作用。这里的焦点在到在 Arabidopsis thaliana 的钟功能的三组生理节奏的钟基因必需品上:伪反应管理者, GIGANTEA,和晚上建筑群基因早 FLOWERING 3,早 FLOWERING 4,并且勒克司 ARRHYTHMO。从每个组的相应基因位于量的特点 loci 下面在关键农业特点,特别 flowering 时间而且收益上有有益的影响,生物资源,和二年的生长习惯。包括对不能生活、关於生命的压力的回答,进另外的基本植物过程的生理节奏的钟规定的新兴的卓见被讨论为进一步的庄稼改进加亮有希望的大街。 | Claire Bendix | 2015 | Molecular Plant2015，8，8： | 26 |
| 8 | Current practices and future prospects for the management of gallbladder polyps: A topical review显示文摘A gallbladder polyp is an elevation of the gallbladder mucosa that protrudes into the gallbladder lumen. Gallbladder polyps have an estimated prevalence in adults of between 0.3%-12.3%. However, only 5% of polyps are considered to be 'true' gallbladder polyps, meaning that they are malignant or have malignant potential. The main radiological modality used for diagnosing and surveilling gallbladder polyps is transabdominal ultrasonography. However, evidence shows that other modalities such as endoscopic ultrasound may improve diagnostic accuracy. These are discussed in turn during the course of this review. Current guidelines recommend cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyps sized 10 mm and greater, although this threshold is lowered when other risk factors are identified. The evidence behind this practice is relatively low quality. This review identifies current gaps in the available evidence and highlights the necessity for further research to enable better decision making regarding which patients should undergo cholecystectomy, and/or radiological follow-up. | R Stephen McCain Anna Diamond Claire Jones Helen G Coleman | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，26： | 25 |
| 9 | Calcium-dependent modulation and plasma membrane targeting of the AKT2 potassium channel by the CBL4/ ClPK6 calcium sensor/protein kinase complex显示文摘 | Katrin Held Franqois Pascaud Christian Eckert Pawel Gajdanowicz Kenji Hashimoto Claire Corratge-Faillie Jan Niklas Offenborn Benoit Lacombe Ingo Dreyer Jean-Baptiste Thibaud Jorg Kudla | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，7： | 23 |
| 10 | The crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis: where does this lead?显示文摘Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular processes contributing to autophagy have provided insight into the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis.In contrast to the concept of“autophagic cell death,”accumulating evidence suggests that autophagy serves a largely cytoprotective role in physiologically relevant conditions.The cytoprotective function of autophagy is mediated in many circumstances by negative modulation of apoptosis.Apoptotic signaling,in turn,serves to inhibit autophagy.While the mechanisms mediating the complex counter-regulation of apoptosis and autophagy are not yet fully understood,important points of crosstalk include the interactions between Beclin-1 and Bcl-2/Bcl-xL and between FADD and Atg5,caspase-and calpain-mediated cleavage of autophagy-related proteins,and autophagic degradation of caspases.Continued investigation of these and other means of crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms controlling the balance between survival and death both under normal conditions and in diseases including cancer. | Claire Gordy You-Wen He | 2012 | Protein & Cell2012，3，1： | 23 |
| 11 | 氮气吸附法表征杨木应拉木的孔隙结构显示文摘在常规解剖特征分析的基础上,采用氮气吸附法对杨木应拉木的比表面积及孔径分布等孔结构参数进行研究,并通过解析氮气吸附等温线判断孔隙的形状。结果表明:杨木应拉木BET比表面积为21.9m2.g-1,是对应木的13倍;杨木应拉木试样具有完好的介孔特征(孔径2~50nm),并具有一定量的微孔和大孔;内部存在'墨水瓶'状和狭缝状孔隙,孔径为5nm的孔体积分布密度最大,孔径在4~7nm的孔体积占总孔体积的74.4%,孔径超过15nm的孔体积占总体积的10.8%。杨木应拉木中大量存在的中孔孔隙可归因于应拉木木纤维中的厚壁胶质层。 | 苌姗姗 胡进波 Clair Bruno Quignard Frangoise | 2011 | 林业科学2011，47，10： | 19 |
| 12 | 从社会医学角度整体地关照病人的需要显示文摘医学模式代表了三个主要历史时代发生的特征性变化 ,这三个时代是前工业化时代、工业时代及我们目前正在步入的后工业化时代。需要讨论的是 ,如果要展开真正有效的社会医学实践 ,不仅医学知识 ,并且医务人员必须经历一个根本的转变。从历史上看 ,医生学到的是将医学界定为应用生物学及将疾病界定为机体器官、组织的结构和功能的不正常。但社会科学观点可以帮助医生认识病和症的区别 ,即它们仅仅是在病理心理学过程与病人的实际疾病的体验之间上有所区别。 | Jeffrey Michael Clair 刘海燕 | 2002 | 医学与哲学2002，23，11： | 16 |
| 13 | Cochrane系统评价小组的全球合作及中国的突出贡献显示文摘Cochrane协作网是世界上最大的致力于制作、保存、传播医疗保健干预措施效果系统评价的机构(www.cochrane.org)。这一国际性组织拥有来自近100个不同国家的协作者。自2000年起,我们定期核实积极参与Cochrane系统评价小组的成员人数,并按国家统计。2006年初,参与此项工作的协作者已近15000名,而2000年仅5500人。中国的发展尤其令人瞩目——从2000年的15人迅速增至2006年的415人,中国现已成为Cochrane协作网的第七大协作国。Cochrane系统评价和方案的作者人数增长尤为迅速。2000年,Cochrane系统评价小组作者名单中仅8位中国人,而2006年初就已增至370人。 | Claire Allen Mike Clarke 刁骧(编译) 李幼平(审校) 张鸣明(审校) | 2006 | 中国循证医学杂志2006，6，8： | 16 |
| 14 | Albumin liver dialysis as pregnancy-saving procedure in cholestatic liver disease and intractable pruritus显示文摘Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3) is a rare cholestatic liver disease. Such liver disease can get worse by female hormone disorder. Albumin dialysis or Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS) has been reported to reverse severe cholestasis-linked pruritus. Here, we report the first use of MARS during a spontaneous pregnancy and its successful outcome in a patient with PFIC3 and intractable pruritus. Albumin dialysis could be considered as a pregnancy-saving procedure in pregnant women with severe cholestasis and refractory pruritus. | Maud Lemoine Aurélie Revaux Claire Francoz Guillaume Ducarme Sabine Brechignac Emmanuel Jacquemin Michèle Uzan Nathalie Ganne-Carrié | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，42： | 14 |
| 15 | Connections Between Insomnia and Cognitive Aging显示文摘Insomnia is a common sleep disorder among older adults,and a risk factor for poor physical and mental health.However,the relationship between insomnia and cognitive health is not well understood.Here,we review observational studies that have investigated whether insomnia is associated with deficits in objective cognitive performance and an increased risk of dementia,magnetic resonance imaging studies that have assessed grey matter volumes and white matter microstructure,and interventional studies that have explored whether the treatment of insomnia can improve cognitive outcomes.There are inconsistent findings regarding impaired performance in objective cognitive tests and reduced grey matter volumes,and limited,emerging,evidence that suggests that insomnia is associated with an increased risk of dementia and reduced white matter integrity.Although the interventional literature is still in its infancy,there is some indication that treatment may have an impact on vigilance.Well-powered studies examining sources of heterogeneity are warranted. | Claire E.Sexton Konstantina Sykara Elissaios Karageorgiou Jenny Zitser Talita Rosa Kristine Yaffe Yue Leng | 2020 | Neuroscience Bulletin2020，36，1： | 13 |
| 16 | 多级孔催化剂的合成及应用(英文)显示文摘系统总结了多级孔分子筛、多级孔金属氧化物和多级孔碳基材料等多级孔催化剂材料的研究进展, 主要阐述了多级孔催化剂材料已有的制备方法及其在催化领域中的应用. | 李小云 孙明慧 ROOKE Joanna Claire 陈丽华 苏宝连 | 2013 | 催化学报2013，34，1： | 12 |
| 17 | 《日用化学品安全评价技术创新——替代方法》专题一 国际化学品安全评价动物替代测试法规趋势显示文摘综述了国际化学品和化妆品动物替代测试的法规进展和趋势。重点介绍了在3R运动和体外科学技术的推动下,替代方法在化学品毒性测试中的验证和法规认可现状。讨论了替代技术在急性毒性、皮肤刺激/腐蚀、眼刺激/腐蚀、皮肤致敏、遗传毒性、内分泌干扰等毒理学终点的应用。最后提出了替代方法的发展不仅是法规趋同、市场一体、检测标准协调一致、动物福利认知进步的必然趋势,也是检测技术创新和日化企业应用难得的机遇。 | 瞿小婷 程树军 刘超 Claire Mansfield Troy Seidle | 2016 | 日用化学品科学2016，39，2： | 12 |
| 18 | Role of endoscopic ultrasonography in the loco-regional staging of patients with rectal cancer显示文摘The prognosis of rectal cancer(RC) is strictly related to both T and N stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. RC staging is crucial for choosing the best multimodal therapy: patients with high risk locally advanced RC(LARC) undergo surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy(NAT); those with low risk LARC are operated on after a preoperative short-course radiation therapy; finally, surgery alone is recommended only for early RC. Several imaging methods are used for staging patients with RC: computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS). EUS is highly accurate for the loco-regional staging of RC, since it is capable to evaluate precisely the mural infiltration of the tumor(T), especially in early RC. On the other hand, EUS is less accurate in restaging RC after NAT and before surgery. Finally, EUS is indicated for follow-up of patients operated on for RC, where there is a need for the surveillance of the anastomosis. The aim of this review is to highlight the impact of EUS on the management of patients with RC, evaluating its role in both preoperative staging and follow-up of patients after surgery. | Pietro Marone Mario de Bellis Valentina D'Angelo Paolo Delrio Valentina Passananti Elena Di Girolamo Giovanni Battista Rossi Daniela Rega Maura Claire Tracey Alfonso Mario Tempesta | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，7： | 11 |
| 19 | Root and leaf functional trait relations in Poaceae species: implications of differing resource- acquisition strategies显示文摘Aims root systems play an essential role in grassland functioning in both acquisition and storage of resources.Nevertheless,root functional traits have not received as much attention as those measured on above-ground organs,and little is known about their relations.our objec-tives were to test whether morphological and root system traits allowed identification of grass species’functional strategies and to determine whether a relation exists between above-and below-ground traits.Methods Functional traits of root tissues(specific root length,diameter,tissue density and nitrogen concentration),whole root systems(root mass,root length density,root mass percentage below a depth of 20 cm and fine root%)and two major leaf traits(specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content)were determined under field conditions and their rela-tions were analysed in eleven perennial temperate Poaceae species.Important Findings Canonical correspondence analysis along axis 1 revealed a gra-dient of species,from those with deep,dense and coarse root systems with a large root mass to those with shallow root sys-tems,thin roots and high specific root length;this suggests strong correlations among root traits.Correlations between specific root length and specific leaf area reveal two groups of species,which probably indicates different drought-tolerance capacities.root trait syndromes enable ranking grasses along a gradient from conservative-strategy species(from stressful habitats),which display a deep and coarse root system,to acquisitive species(from rich and moist meadows),which display a shallow and thin root system.although both types display similar above-ground strategies,drought-tolerant species have lower specific root lengths than drought-sensitive species,revealing more conservative root strategies. | Florian Fort Claire Jouany Pablo Cruz | 2013 | Journal of Plant Ecology2013，6，3： | 11 |
| 20 | Nuclearly Encoded Splicing Factors Implicated in RNA Splicing in Higher Plant Organelles显示文摘植物细胞器从二个独立 endosymbiosis 事件产生了。在整个进化历史,叶绿体和线粒体的紧密的控制被原子核获得了,它调整细胞器染色体表示和新陈代谢的大多数步。特别地,包括拼接的 RNA, RNA 成熟高度依赖于原子地编码的拼接的因素。在细胞器的大多数 introns 是组 II introns,其催化机制非常类似于原子 spliceosome 的。植物组 II introns 失去了能力到在 vivo 自我拼接并且作为余因子要求原子地编码的蛋白质。自从首先拼接,因素在叶绿体被识别超过 10 ? 年以前,许多另外的蛋白质被显示了涉及在叶绿体或线粒体至少一 introns 拼接。这些新蛋白质属于 RNA 有约束力的蛋白质的许多不同家庭并且在细胞器提供新卓见进 ribonucleoprotein 建筑群和 RNA 拼接机械。在这评论,我们描述怎么拼接的因素,由原子核编码了并且指向了到细胞器,在更高的植物细胞器参加 post-transcriptional 步骤基因表示。我们继续讨论潜力让这些因素调整细胞器基因表示。 | Andeol Falcon de Longevialle lan D. Small Claire Lurin | 2010 | Molecular Plant2010，3，4： | 11 |
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