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| 1 | Endoscopic management of postoperative bile leaks显示文摘BACKGROUND: Significant bile leak as an uncommon complication after biliary tract surgery may constitute a serious and difficult management problem. Surgical management of biliary fistulae is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Biliary endoscopic procedures have become the treatment of choice for management of biliary Gstulae. METHODS: Ninety patients presented with bile leaks after cholecystectomy ( open cholecystectomy in 45 patients, cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration in 20 and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 25). The presence of bile leaks was confirmed by ERCP and the appearance of bile in percutaneous drainage of abdominal collections. Of the 90 patients with postoperative bile leaks, 18 patients had complete transaction of the common bile duct by ERCP and were subjected to bilioenteric anastomosis. In the remaining patients after cholangiography and localization of the site of bile leaks. therapeutic procedures like sphinctero-tomy, biliary stenting and nasobiliary drainage ( NBD ) were performed. If residual stones were seen in the common bile duct, sphincterotomy was followed by stone extraction using dormia basket. Nasobiliary drain or stents of 7F size were placed according to the standard techniques. The NBD was removed when bile leak stopped and closure of the fistula confirmed cholangiographically. The stents were removed after an interval of 6-8 weeks. RESULTS: Bile leaks in 72 patients occurred in the cystic duct (38 patients), the common bile duct (30 ), and the right hepatic duct (4). Of the 72 patients with post-operative bile leak, 24 had associated retained common bile duct stones and 1 had ascaris in common bile duct. All the 72 patients were subjected to therapeutic procedures including sphincterotomy with stone extraction followed by biliary stenting (24 patients), removal of ascaris and biliary stenting (1), sphincterotomy with biliary stenting (18), sphincterotomy with NBD (12), biliary stenting alone (12), and NBD alone (5). Bile leaks stopped in all patients at a median interval of 3 days (range 3-16 days) after endoscopic in- terventions. No difference was observed in efficacy and in time for the treatment of bile leak by sphincterotomy with endoprosthesis or endoprosthesis alone in patients with bile leak after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Post-cholecystectomy bile leaks occur most commonly in the cystic duct and associated common bile duct stones are found in one-third of cases. Endoscopic therapy is safe and effective in the management of bile leaks and fistulae after surgery. Sphincterotomy with endoprosthesis or endoprosthesis alone is equally effective in the management of postoperative bile leak. | Naresh Agarwal Barjesh Chander Sharma Sanjay Garg Rakesh Kumar Shiv K Sarin | 2006 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2006，5，2： | 33 |
| 2 | Controversies in diagnosis and management of Kawasaki disease显示文摘Kawasaki disease(KD) is a common medium vessel systemic vasculitis that usually occurs in small children. It has a predilection for the coronary arteries, but other medium sized arteries can also be involved. The etiology of this disorder remains a mystery. Though typical presentation of KD is quite characteristic, it may also present as incomplete or atypical disease in which case the diagnosis can be very challenging. As both incomplete and atypical forms of KD can be associated with serious coronary artery complications, the pediatrician can ill afford to miss these diagnoses. The American Heart Association has enunciated consensus guidelines to facilitate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this condition. However, there are still several issues that remain controversial. Intravenous immunoglobulin remains the cornerstone of management but several other treatment modalities, especially glucocorticoids, are increasingly finding favour. We review here some of the contemporary issues, and the controversies thereon, pertaining to management of KD. | Rakesh Kumar Pilania Dharmagat Bhattarai Surjit Singh | 2018 | World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics2018，7，1： | 16 |
| 3 | Blumgart's technique of pancreaticojejunostomy: Analysis of safety and outcomes显示文摘Background: Blumgart's pancreaticojejunostomy(PJ) has been described with low pancreatic leak rates. This study aimed to evaluate our experience with this technique regarding the pancreatic leak and other perioperative outcomes. Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of a cohort of 81 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in our department from January 2011 to February 2018. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of a clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula(CR-POPF) and analysis of its risk factors. Results: The CR-POPF rate was 12.3%. Fistula risk score(FRS) was the only significant risk factor for the occurrence of overall POPF in multivariate analysis. However, none of the other factors including FRS was found to be significantly associated with CR-POPF risk. A strong positive correlation was found between the CR-POPF and the incidence of delayed gastric emptying, post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage and increased length of hospital stay. Conclusion: Blumgart's technique is a safe technique of pancreatico-enteric anastomosis with low rates of CR-POPF. CR-POPF with this technique is independent of most of the preoperative and intraoperative factors. Therefore, this technique can be used for all types of the pancreas with consistently good results. | Vishal Gupta Saket Kumar Vivek Gupta Pradeep Joshi Rahul Rahul Rakesh Kumar Yadav Amit Dangi Abhijit Chandra | 2019 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2019，18，2： | 8 |
| 4 | Design,Modeling,and Control of Biomimetic Fish Robot:A Review显示文摘A comprehensive review on bio-inspired fish robots has been done in this article with an enhanced focus on swimming styles,actuators,hydrodynamics,kinematic-dynamic modeling,and controllers.Swimming styles such as body and/or caudal fin and median and/or paired fin and their variants are discussed in detail.Literature shows that most fish robots adapt carangiform in body and/or caudal fin type swimming as it gives significant thrust with a maximum speed of 3.7 ms 1 in iSplash-II.Applications of smart or soft actuators to enhance real-time dynamics was studied from literature,and it was found that the robot built with polymer fiber composite material could reach a speed of 0.6 m s However,dynamic modeling is relatively complex,and material selection needs to be explored.The numerical and analytical methods in dynamic modeling have been investigated highlighting merits and demerits.Hydrodynamic parameter estimation through the data-driven model is widely used in offline,however online estimation of the same need to be explored.Classical controllers are frequently used tor navigation and stabilization,which often encounters the linearization problem and hence,can be replaced with the state-of-the-art adaptive and intelligent controller.This article also summarizes the potential research gaps and future scopes. | Palmani Duraisamy Rakesh Kumar Sidharthan Manigandan Nagarajan Santhanakrishnan | 2019 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2019，16，6： | 7 |
| 5 | Underground mining of thick coal seams显示文摘This paper reviews underground mining methods for total thickness of a thick coal seam in single lift(TTTCSSL). Review shows the required engineering for extraction of thick seams needs to be fitted with thickness of the seam, behavior of rock-mass and surrounding stress conditions for efficient mining.Variants of TTTCSSL are able to extract a maximum 10–12 m thickness only. An improvement in bending moment of the overlying coal band in longwall top coal caving(LTCC) provides better under-winning opportunity for the roof coal band. An acceptable limit of 25 MPa compressive strength of coal for the success of LTCC may be increased under favorable geo-technical conditions. Bord and pillar in India adopted induced caving of roof coal band for single lift depillaring of total thickness(SLDTT) of a competent thick coal seam developed along floor. Case studies are given to arrest the adverse effects of extraction height on pillars. | Kumar Rakesh Singh Arun Kumar Mishra Arvind Kumar Singh Rajendra | 2015 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2015，25，6： | 7 |
| 6 | Higher frequency of Yq microdeletions in sperm DNA as compared to DNA isolated from blood显示文摘瞄准:决定删除的 Yq 微删除频率和 loci 是否在不同胚胎学的起源的二纸巾(血和精子) 是类似的。方法:现在的学习包括了 52 个不肥沃的 oligozoospermic 盒子。在每种情况中, DNA 从血和精子被孤立,微删除分析从 genomic DNA 被做的聚合酶链反应(PCR ) 从两个孤立纸巾。PCR 产品在 1.8% 统帅玫瑰胶化上被分析。发现否定的 PCR 扩大被重复至少三次证实一个给定的标记的删除。结果:仅仅 1 个盒子在血 DNA 怀有微删除,而 4 个盒子在精子 DNA 怀有微删除。结论:Yq 微删除的频率作为与血相比在细菌房间是更高的。为帮助繁殖生产技术(艺术) 作为不肥沃的夫妇的多数抉择, Yq 微删除从细菌房间屏蔽是重要的理解不孕的基因基础,提供全面建议和大多数改编治疗学给不肥沃的夫妇。 | Rima Dada Rakesh Kumar M. B. Shamsi Rajeev Kumar Kiran Kucheria Raj K. Sharma Satish K. Gupta Narmada P. Gupta | 2007 | Asian Journal of Andrology2007，9，5： | 6 |
| 7 | Extraction and RP-HPLC determination of taxol in rat plasma, cell culture and quality control samples显示文摘A rapid,sensitive,selective and validated reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC)method for the estimation of paclitaxel in micro-sample of rat plasma and in culture of cancer cells was performed in this study.The mobile phase consisted of an optimized mixture of methanol:water:trifluroacetic acid(80:20:0.1,v/v/v).Column elution at a flow rate of 1 mL/minute with UV detection at 225 nm at room temperature was used.The RP-HPLC method was successfully applied for the determination of paclitaxel in plasma samples and in culture of cancer cells with nano-quantity of estimation.The validation studies were performed in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization(ICH)guidelines.The intra-and inter-day precision showed that the coefficients of variation ranged from 1.07%to 4.27%at different levels of concentrations.To the best of our knowledge,this study also reported for the first time the optimization of different solvents for effective extraction of paclitaxel wherein tert.-butyl methyl ether(TBME):diethyl ether(DEE)in 50:50 v/v composition was found most efficient with extraction efficiency ranging between 77.99%and 91.74%and between 76.14 and 93.66%in the plasma and cell culture,respectively.This proposed method was successfully applied to study the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel and the influence of verapamil and all-trans retinoic acid(atRA)on paclitaxel pharmacokinetics in rat models.This proposed method might emerge as a valuable aid in the laboratory monitoring of paclitaxel in a variety of in vitro as well as in vivo scenarios. | Rakesh Kumar Tekade Antony D'Emanuele Abdelbary Elhissi Ashish Agrawal Anurekha Jain Basel Tawfiq Arafat Narendra Kumar Jain | 2013 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2013，27，5： | 5 |
| 8 | Rock fragmentation control in opencast blasting显示文摘The blasting operation plays a pivotal role in the overall economics of opencast mines.The blasting subsystem affects all the other associated sub-systems,i.e.loading,transport,crushing and milling operations.Fragmentation control through effective blast design and its effect on productivity are the challenging tasks for practicing blasting engineer due to inadequate knowledge of actual explosive energy released in the borehole,varying initiation practice in blast design and its effect on explosive energy release characteristic.This paper describes the result of a systematic study on the impact of blast design parameters on rock fragmentation at three mines in India.The mines use draglines and shoveledumper combination for removal of overburden.Despite its pivotal role in controlling the overall economics of a mining operation,the expected blasting performance is often judged almost exclusively on the basis of poorly defined parameters such as powder factor and is often qualitative which results in very subjective assessment of blasting performance.Such an approach is very poor substitutes for accurate assessment of explosive and blasting performance.Ninety one blasts were conducted with varying blast designs and charging patterns,and their impacts on the rock fragmentation were documented.A high-speed camera was deployed to record the detonation sequences of the blasts.The efficiency of the loading machines was also correlated with the mean fragment size obtained from the fragmentation analyses. | P.K.Singh M.P.Roy R.K.Paswan Md.Sarim Suraj Kumar Rakesh Ranjan Jha | 2016 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2016，8，2： | 5 |
| 9 | Assessment of tumor markers CA 19-9,CEA,CA 125,and CA 242 for the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of gallbladder cancer显示文摘BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is one of the leading and aggressive cancers in this region of India.It is very difficult to diagnose in the early stage,as it lacks typical early signs and symptoms;thus,the diagnosis is often in the advanced stage,which ultimately leads to a poor 5-year survival outcome.Tumor markers including carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA 19-9),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),CA 125,CA 242,and alpha fetoprotein are used as indicators in the diagnosis and prognosis of GBC.AIM To compare tumor marker levels between GBC and benign GB diseases(GBDs)and to assess the combined use of tumor markers to increase the diagnostic accuracy for GBC.METHODS Patients of either sex aged≥18 years,with suspected GBC(GB polyp,irregular thick GB wall,GB mass,porcelain GB)on the basis of radiological imaging were included in this study.GB wall thickness using ultrasonography and tumor markers CEA,CA 125,CA 19-9,and CA 242 in all patients were recorded.All cases after surgical intervention were divided into two groups,GBC and benign GBD,according to histopathological examination findings.The cases were followed up and clinical findings,radiological findings,and levels of tumor markers were assessed.RESULTS A total of 200 patients were included in this study,of whom 80 patients had GBC and 120 patients had benign GBD.The median(interquartile range)age was 52.0(41.0-60.0)years and the majority of patients(132,66.0%)were women.Tumor markers including CA 19-9,CA 125,CEA,and CA 242 were significantly elevated in patients with GBC(P<0.001).There was a significant reduction in tumor markers at 3 and 6 mo from baseline(P<0.001).The mean survival of patients with normal and elevated levels of tumor markers CA 125,CA 19-9,and CEA was comparable;however lymph node metastasis and CA 242 expression level were independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSION Serum levels of tumor markers including CA 19-9,CA 125,CEA,and CA 242 were significantly associated with GBC.However,no significant association was observed between the presence of elevated levels of any tumor marker with respect to survival.Tumor marker assessment during follow-up may represent a treatment response. | Seema Rani Sinha Prem Prakash Rakesh Kumar Singh Dinesh Kumar Sinha | 2022 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2022，14，11： | 5 |
| 10 | Low-cost high entropy alloy(HEA)for high-efficiency oxygen evolution reaction(OER)显示文摘Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is the key step involved both in water splitting devices and rechargeable metal-air batteries,and hence,there is an urgent need for a stable and low-cost material for efficient OER.In the present investigation,Co-Fe-Ga-NiZn(CFGNZ)high entropy alloy(HEA)has been utilized as a low-cost electrocatalyst for OER.Herein,after cyclic voltammetry activation,CFGNZ-nanoparticles(NPs)are covered with oxidized surface and form high entropy(oxy)hydroxides(HEOs),exhibiting a low overpotential of 370 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2)with a small Tafel slope of 71 mV/dec.CFGNZ alloy has higher electrochemical stability in comparison to state-of-the art RuO2 electrocatalyst as no degradation has been observed up to 10 h of chronoamperometry.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)studies after 10 h of long-term chronoamperometry test showed no change in the crystal structure,which confirmed the high stability of CFGNZ.The density functional theory(DFT)based calculations show that the closeness of d(p)-band centers to the Fermi level(EF)plays a major role in determining active sites.This work highlights the tremendous potential of CFGNZ HEA for OER,which is the primary reaction involved in water splitting. | Lalita Sharma Nirmal Kumar Katiyar Arko Parui Rakesh Das Ritesh Kumar Chandra Sekhar Tiwary Abhisek K.Singh Aditi Halder Krishanu Biswas | 2022 | Nano Research2022，15，6： | 5 |
| 11 | Leishmaniasis:Current status of available drugs and new potential drug targets显示文摘The control of Leishmania infection relies primarily on chemotherapy till date.Resistance to pentavalent antimonials,which have been the recommended drugs to treat cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis,is now widespread in Indian subcontinents.New drug formulations like amphotericin B,its lipid formulations,and miltefosine have shown great efGcacy to treat leishmaniasis but their high cost and therapeutic complications limit their usefulness.In addition, irregular and inappropriate uses of these second line drugs in endemic regions like state of Bihar, India threaten resistance development in the parasite.In context to the limited drug options and unavailability of either preventive or prophylactic candidates,there is a pressing need to develop true antileishmanial drugs to reduce the disease burden of this debilitating endemic disease.Notwithstanding significant progress of leishmanial research during last few decades, identification and characterization of novel drugs and drug targets are far from satisfactory.This review will initially describe current drug regimens and later will provide an overview on few important biochemical and enzymatic machineries that could be utilized as putative drug targets for generation of true antileishmanial drugs. | Nisha Singh Manish Kumar Rakesh Kumar Singh | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，6： | 5 |
| 12 | Identification, occurrence, and validation of DRE and ABRE Cis-regulatory motifs in the promoter regions of genes of Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘Plants posses a complex co-regulatory network Researchwhich helps them to elicit a response under diverse adverse conditions.We used an in silico approach to identify the genes with both DRE and ABRE motifs in their promoter regions in Arabidopsis thaliana.Our results showed that Arabidopsis contains a set of 2,052 genes with ABRE and DRE motifs in their promoter regions.Approximately 72%or more of the total predicted 2,052 genes had a gap distance of less than 400 bp between DRE and ABRE motifs.For positional orientation of the DRE and ABRE motifs,we found that the DR form(one in direct and the other one in reverse orientation)was more prevalent than other forms.These predicted 2,052 genes include 155 transcription factors.Using microarray data from The Arabidopsis Information Resource(TAIR)database,we present 44 transcription factors out of 155 which are upregulated by more than twofold in response to osmotic stress and ABA treatment.Fifty-one transcripts from the onepredicted above were validated using semiquantitative expression analysis to support the microarray data in TAIR.Taken together,we report a set of genes containing both DRE and ABRE motifs in their promoter regions in A.thaliana,which can be useful to understand the role of ABA under osmotic stress condition. | Sonal Mishra Aparna Shukla Swati Upadhyay Sanchita Pooja Sharma Seema Singh Ujjal J.Phukan Abha Meena Feroz Khan Vineeta Tripathi Rakesh Kumar Shukla Ashok Shrama | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2014，56，4： | 5 |
| 13 | Strategies to mitigate the adverse effect of drought stress on crop plants-influences of soil bacteria:A review显示文摘Drought stress affects plant growth and causes significant issues in meeting global demand for food crops and fodder.Drought can cause physiological,physicochemical,and morphological changes in plants,which negatively affects plant growth and productivity.To combat this under the increasing global threat of water shortage and rapid population expansion,it is crucial to develop strategies to meet global food demands.Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)may provide a safe solution to enhancing crop yields through various mechanisms.These soil bacteria can provide drought tolerance to crop plants,allowing them to survive and thrive in water-scarce conditions.Productions of phytohormones,free radical-scavenging enzymes,and stress-combating enzymes that can increase tolerance to drought-induced stress are key features of plant-associated microbial communities.This review summarizes the beneficial properties of microbes that help plants tolerate water scarcity and highlights the bacterial mechanisms that enhance drought tolerance in plants. | Priyanka CHANDRA Amoolya WUNNAVA Pooja VERMA Amaresh CHANDRA Rakesh Kumar SHARMA | 2021 | Pedosphere2021，31，3： | 4 |
| 14 | Role of Joshi's external stabilization system with percutaneous screw fixation in high-energy tibial condylar fractures associated with severe soft tissue injuries显示文摘Purpose: The treatment of high-energy tibial condylar fractures which are associated with severe soft tissue injuries remains contentious and challenging. In this study, we assessed the results of Joshi's external stabilization system (JESS) by using the principle of ligamentotaxis and percutaneous screw fixation for managing high-energy tibial condylar fractures associated with severe soft tissue injuries. Methods: Between June 2008 and June 2010, 25 consecutive patients who were 17-71 years (mean, 39.7), underwent the JESS fixation for high-energy tibial condylar fractures associated with severe soft tissue injuries. Out of 25 patients, 2 were lost during follow-up and in 1 case early removal of frame was done, leaving 22 cases for final follow-up. Among them, 11 had poor skin condition with abrasions and blisters and 2 were open injuries (Gustilo-Anderson grade I & 11). The injury mechanisms were motor vehicle accidents (n - 19), fall from a height (n = 2) and assault (n - 1). The fractures were classified according to Schatzker classification system. Results: There were 7 type-V, 14 type-Vl and 1 type-IV Schatzker's tibial plateau fractures. The average interval between the injury and surgery was 6.8 days (range 2-13). The average hospital stay was 13 days (range, 7-22). The average interval between the surgery and full weight bearing was 13.6 weeks (range 11-20). The average range of knee flexion was 121° (range 105°-135°). The normal extension of the knee was observed in 20 patients, and an extensor lag of 5°-8° was noted in 2 patients. The complications included superficial pin tract infections (n 4) with no knee stiffness. Conclusion: JESS with lag screw fixation combines the benefit of traction, external fixation, and limited internal fixation, at the same time as allowing the ease of access to the soft tissue for wound checks, pin care, dressing changes, measurement of compartment pressure, and the monitoring of the neurovascular status. In a nutshell, JESS along with screw fixation offers a promising alternative treatment for high- energy tibial condylar fractures associated with severe soft tissue injuries. | Ashish Kumar Gupta Rahul Sapra Rakesh Kumar Som Prakash Gupta Devwart Kaushik Sahil Gaba Mahesh Chand Bansal Ratan Lal Dayma | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2015，18，6： | 4 |
| 15 | Adansonia digitata L.(baobab):a review of traditional information and taxonomic description显示文摘Adansonia digitata L.(Malvaceae) is commonly known as baobab tree native to Africa.Baobab is a multi-purpose tree which offers protection and provides food,clothing and medicine as well as raw material for many useful items.The fruit pulp,seeds,leaves,flowers.roots,and bark of baobab are edible and they have been studied by scientists for their useful properties.The fruit pulp have very high vitamin C.calcium,phosphorus,carbohydrates,fibers,potassium,proteins and lipids content,which can be used in seasoning as an appetizer and also make juices.Seeds contain appreciable quantities of phosphorus,magnesium,zinc,sodium,iron,manganese,whereas they have high levels of lysine,thiamine,calcium and iron.Baobab has numerous biological properties including antimicrobial,anti-malarial,diarrhoea,anaemia,asthma,antiviral,anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities amongst others.Phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of flavonoids.phytosterols.amino acids,fatty acids,vitamins and minerals.The review summarizes the information on various aspects of traditional information,taxonomic description,medicinal properties and importantly nutritional value. | Jitin Rahul Manish Kumar Jain Shishu Pal Singh Rakesh Kant Kama Anuradha Aliya Naz Anup Kumar Gupta Sujeet Kumar Mrityunjay | 2015 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2015，5，1： | 4 |
| 16 | Mitigating People-Park Conflicts on Resource Use through Ecotourism:A Case of the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve,Indian Himalaya显示文摘Ecotourism aims to deliver the philosophy of sustainable development through environmental conservation as well as socio-economic development.Areas with rich biodiversity and scenic beauty,like the Indian Himalayan region,have been one of the major destination centers for nature lovers from historical time.In view of conserving the rich biodiversity and natural heritage of the Himalayan region 92 protected areas have been set aside,of these Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve(NDBR) is a well known world heritage site.Over a period of time establishing NDBR has invited conflicts between the local people and reserve authorities on the management approaches and utilization criteria of the natural resources,especially banning the traditional bio-resource collection rights of local community,expeditions,trekking,and other anthropogenic activities in the core zones.The present study aims to understand and analyze the various people-park conflicts,and also to suggest ways to mitigate such conflicts in view of biodiversity conservation and improvement of economic status of local people by promoting ecotourism.With this view the study further discusses the various aspects of ecotourism,its pros and cons,and the avenues of developing appropriate strategies for promotion of ecotourism in buffer zone areas of NDBR. | Chandra Prakash KALA Rakesh Kumar MAIKHURI | 2011 | Journal of Mountain Science2011，8，1： | 4 |
| 17 | Effect of micro-environmental factors on natural regeneration of Sal (Shorea robusta)显示文摘Micro-environmental factors viz., soil moisture and light in- tensity are important factors that affect natural regeneration in forests. These factors vary spatially depending on the overhead canopy density of the forest. The present study focused on studying the effect of variation of soil moisture and light intensity on natural regeneration of sal species (Shorea robusta) under different micro-environments due to overhead canopy of varying forest density. Experimental plots of 40m× 40m size were laid under different overhead canopy densities in a small sal for- ested watershed in the foot hills of Himalayas in Nainital District of Uttarakhand State, India. The plots were monitored on a long term basis for soil moisture at multi depths, light intensity and natural regeneration of sal. The results of the study revealed that the natural regeneration was highest under C1 (up to-0.30) canopy followed by C2 (0.30 0.50), and C3 (0.50 0.70) canopies. The C3 canopy showed the dying back of sal shoots over 4 years of study. The highest R 2 value of linear regression between incremental score of plot regeneration and average soil moisture content was obtained as 0.156 for average soil moisture content during non-monsoon months at 100 cm depth. The R 2 value between incre- mental score of plot regeneration and annual average light intensity was obtained as 0.688 which indicated that the regeneration is largely de- pendent on the light intensity conditions during the year. The multiple linear regression analysis between the incremental score of regeneration and the average light intensity and average soil moisture content revealed that that about 80% of variation in regeneration is explained by both the factors. | J. V. Tyagi Rakesh Kumar S. L. Srivastava R. D. Singh | 2011 | Journal of Forestry Research2011，22，4： | 4 |
| 18 | Assessment of performance,combustion and emissions characteristics of methanol-diesel dual-fuel compression ignition engine:A review显示文摘The energy security concern and rapidly diminishing fossil fuel resources demand the development of renewable and economically attractive fuel for reciprocating engines.Methanol is a promising renewable alternative fuel.Numerous studies have been carried out to explore the various aspects of the utilization of methanol in compression ignition(CI)engine.This review paper presents a detailed analysis of the effect of methanol on performance,combustion,and emission(NOx,CO,HC,and soot)characteristics of conventional CI-engine along with dual-fuel combustion mode.This study focuses on methanol utilization in dual-fuel mode,which is an advanced engine combustion mode.First,methanol production and solubility issues of methanol in diesel are briefly discussed.This study discusses the soot and nano-particle emission from the methanol fueled CI-engine,which is one of the main concerns in the current emission legislation.It was found that the utilization of methanol in CI-engine has the potential to improve the performance and simultaneously with a significant reduction in NOx,CO,soot,and nano-particle emissions in comparison to neat diesel operation.However,unburnt HC emission reduces for methanol-diesel blended fuel operation whereas HC emissions are higher for methanoldiesel dual-fuel operation. | Mohit Raj Saxena Rakesh Kumar Maurya Prashant Mishra | 2021 | Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)2021，8，5： | 4 |
| 19 | Endothelial cell-derived GABA signaling modulates neuronal migration and postnatal behavior显示文摘服的外皮为集成是必要的并且为大多数行为被要求的信息处理。当神经原从室的地区连续地移居联合进特定的外皮的层时,服的外皮的精致地精确的 laminar 组织在胚胎的开发期间产生。当时指南为设计神经原移植责骂的光线的神经胶质行为, pre-formed 脉管的网络为 GABAergic interneuron 移植提供支持和指导暗示。这研究提供新奇概念、机械学的卓见进 vascular-neuronal 相互作用的这个范例,揭示伽马氨基丁酸并且它经由胚胎的前脑 endothelial 房间的调停受体的发信号的新机制。与二个新 endothelial 房间的使用,特定的有条件的老鼠 GABA 小径当模特儿(Gabrb3 Tie2-Cre 和 Vgat 我们显示出的 Tie2-Cre ), 从 endothelial 房间的伽马氨基丁酸版本的那部分或完全的损失在 embryogenesis 期间导致脉管的缺点并且损害长途的移植并且外皮的 interneurons 放。使不安的 endothelial 的下游的效果导出房间的伽马氨基丁酸发信号是批评的,导致上次修改到外皮的电路和坚持的行为的赤字。而且,我们说明在支持他们血大脑障碍性质的迁居, angiogenesis 和获得的前脑 endothelial 房间发信号的伽马氨基丁酸的激活的新机制。我们的调查结果揭开并且阐明在从表明小径的古典 neuronal 伽马氨基丁酸是不同的并且在 neuropsychiatric 疾病的病原学和 pathophysiology 上打开新灯的 CNS 表明小径的新奇 endothelial 伽马氨基丁酸例如孤独性光谱混乱,癫痫,焦虑,消沉和精神分裂症。 | Suyan Li Peeyush Kumar Sampada Joshee Timo Kirschstein Sivan Subburaju Jahan S Khalili Jonas Kloepper Chuang Du Abdallah Elkhal Gabor Szabo Rakesh K Jain Rudiger Kohling Anju Vasudevan | 2018 | Cell Research2018，28，2： | 3 |
| 20 | Long-Term Conservation Agriculture and Intensified Cropping Systems:Effects on Growth,Yield,Water,and Energy-use Efficiency of Maize in Northwestern India显示文摘Conservation agriculture(CA)-based best-bet crop management practices may increase crop and water productivity, while conserving and sustaining natural resources. We evaluated the performance of rainy season maize during 2014 under an ongoing long-term trial(established in 2008) with three tillage practices, i.e., permanent bed(PB), zero tillage(ZT), and conventional tillage(CT) as main plots, and four intensified maize-based cropping systems, i.e., maize-wheat-mungbean, maize-chickpea-Sesbania(MCS), maizemustard-mungbean, and maize-maize-Sesbania) as subplot treatments. In the seventh rainy season of the experiment, maize growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, and water-and energy-use efficiency were highest at fixed plots under ZT. Maize growth parameters were significantly(P < 0.05) superior under ZT and PB compared with CT. Maize yield attributes, including cobs per m^2(7.8), cob length(0.183 m), grain rows per cob(13.8), and grains per row(35.6), were significantly higher under ZT than CT; however, no significant effect of cropping systems was found on maize growth and yield attributes. Zero tillage exhibited the highest maize productivity(4 589 kg ha^(-1)). However, among the cropping systems, MCS exhibited the highest maize productivity(4 582 kg ha^(-1)). In maize, water use was reduced by 80.2–120.9 mm ha-1under ZT and PB compared with CT, which ultimately enhanced the economic water-use efficiency by 42.0% and 36.6%, respectively. The ZT and PB showed a 3.5%–31.8% increase in soil organic carbon(SOC) at different soil depths(0–0.45 m), and a 32.3%–39.9% increase in energy productivity compared with CT. Overall, our results showed that CA-based ZT and PB practices coupled with diversified maize-based cropping systems effectively enhanced maize yield and SOC,as well as water-and energy-use efficiency, in northwestern India. | Chiter M.PARIHAR Malu R.YADAV Shankar L.JAT Aditya K.SINGH Bhupender KUMAR Vijay POONIYA Sanatan PRADHAN Rakesh K.VERMA Mangi L.JAT Raj K.JAT Muli D.PARIHAR Hari S.NAYAK Yashpal S.SAHARAWAT | 2018 | Pedosphere2018，28，6： | 3 |
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