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| 1 | Phytosociology, structure and dynamics of Pinus roxburghii associations from Northern Pakistan显示文摘We investigated the phytosociology, structure and dynamics of Pinus roxburghii in 40 stands in northern areas of Pakistan by using cluster analysis(Ward's agglomerative clustering) and ordination(Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling). Cluster analysis revealed three major groups associated with specific environmental characteristics:(1) P. roxburghii(2) Pinus-Quercus baloot and(3) Pinus-Olea ferruginea community types. NMS-ordination showed the major gradient as an amalgam of elevation(r2 = 0.441, p <0.01) and slope(r2 = 0.391, p <0.05) as the two topographic factors correlated with species distribution. The first ordination axis also showed positive correlation with soil variables like pH and electrical conductivity, suggesting that soil chemistry was related to topographic characteristics and probably acted as a secondary gradient. We also examined size class distributions, age structures and growth rates of the three communities in order to describe community development and dynamics. Total tree density was 14700 plants/ha, with P. roxburghii having a relative density of 82% to 100%. Density of juvenile and total density and basal area of the subordinate tree species were low. The low density of trees in the smallest diameter size-class suggested that the recruitment of small P. roxburghii plants into the adult population may be lower than the required replacement rate for the stands. Pooled size-class distributions for the species showed a multimodal pattern with some regeneration gaps. Browsing, heavy logging and other anthropogenic activities were the overriding factors responsible for the poor recruitment of P. roxburghii. We concluded from the age structure that the forests were characterized by the dominance of young trees. Growth rate analysis revealed that P. roxburghii was the fastest growing species among the conifers species in Pakistan. In view of its relatively fast growth and longevity, P. roxburghii seems to be a suitable choice for short-term cultural practices in order to enhance wood production in lesser Himalaya and Hindukush ranges of Pakistan. | Nasrullah Khan Kishwar Ali Shahid Shaukat | 2014 | Journal of Forestry Research2014，25，3： | 5 |
| 2 | Future of Abies pindrow in Swat district,northern Pakistan显示文摘Swat district is a biodiversity hub of Pakistan.The plant species,especially trees,in the Swat District are exposed to extinction threat from global climate change.Maximum entropy(MaxEnt)modelling of species distribution,using HADCM3 A2a global climate change scenario,predicted a considerable change in the future distribution of Abies pindrow(Royle ex D.Don)Royle.AUC(area under the curve)values of 0.972 and0.983 were significant for the present and future distribution models of the species,respectively.It is clear that bioclimatic variables such as the mean temperature of the warmest quarter(bio_10)and the annual temperature range(bio_7)contribute significantly to the model and thus affect the predicted distribution and density of the species.The future model predicts that by the year 2080 population density will have decreased significantly.The highest density of the species is recorded in the eastern and western borders of the Valley in the areas of Sulatanr and Mankial.The changes in density and distribution of the species can have considerable impact,not only on the tree species itself,but on the associated subflora as well. | Kishwar Ali Habib Ahmad Nasrullah Khan Stephen Jury | 2014 | Journal of Forestry Research2014，25，1： | 4 |
| 3 | Recent Progress,Challenges,and Prospects in Two‑Dimensional Photo‑Catalyst Materials and Environmental Remediation显示文摘The successful photo-catalyst library gives significant information on feature that affects photo-catalytic performance and proposes new materials.Competency is considerably significant to form multi-functional photo-catalysts with flexible characteristics.Since recently,two-dimensional materials(2DMs)gained much attention from researchers,due to their unique thickness-dependent uses,mainly for photo-catalytic,outstanding chemical and physical properties.Photo-catalytic water splitting and hydrogen(H2)evolution by plentiful compounds as electron(e−)donors is estimated to participate in constructing clean method for solar H2-formation.Heterogeneous photocatalysis received much research attention caused by their applications to tackle numerous energy and environmental issues.This broad review explains progress regarding 2DMs,significance in structure,and catalytic results.We will discuss in detail current progresses of approaches for adjusting 2DMs-based photo-catalysts to assess their photo-activity including doping,hetero-structure scheme,and functional formation assembly.Suggested plans,e.g.,doping and sensitization of semiconducting 2DMs,increasing electrical conductance,improving catalytic active sites,strengthening interface coupling in semiconductors(SCs)2DMs,forming nano-structures,building multi-junction nano-composites,increasing photo-stability of SCs,and using combined results of adapted approaches,are summed up.Hence,to further improve 2DMs photo-catalyst properties,hetero-structure design-based 2DMs’photo-catalyst basic mechanism is also reviewed. | Karim Khan Ayesha Khan Tareen Muhammad Aslam Rizwan Ur Rehman Sagar Bin Zhang Weichun Huang Asif Mahmood Nasir Mahmood Kishwar Khan Han Zhang Zhongyi Guo | 2020 | Nano-Micro Letters2020，12，12： | 2 |
| 4 | AlGaN nanocrystals:building blocks for efficient ultraviolet optoelectronics显示文摘AlGaN nanocrystals have emerged as the building blocks of future optoelectronic devices operating in the ultraviolet(UV) spectral range. In this article, we describe the design and performance characteristics of AlGaN nanocrystal UV light-emitting diodes(LEDs) and surface-emitting UV laser diodes. The selective-area epitaxy and structural, optical, and electrical properties of AlGaN nanocrystals are presented. The recent experimental demonstrations of AlGaN nanocrystal LEDs and laser diodes are also discussed. | XIANHE LIU KISHWAR MASHOOQ DAVID A.LALEYAN ERIC T.REID ZETIAN MI | 2019 | Photonics Research2019，7，6： | 2 |
| 5 | Study of cellulolytic soil fungi and two nova species and new medium显示文摘This study is aimed at identifying and determining the percentage of occurrence frequency of cellulose decomposing soil fungi. The soil samples were inoculated into culture plates prepared in Sabouraud medium under sterilized conditions and incubated at 30 °C for 4 to 7 d. The identified fungal species were incubated in self-designed cellulose medium for testing their cellulolytic ability. Forty-two species, including 2 nova species, representing sixteen genera showed growth and sporulation in the cellulose medium. Most of the isolated species were from genus Aspergillus and Penicillium. Aspergillus niger and Mucor hie-malis showed highest occurrence frequency (45% and 36% respectively), as these species were collected from about 80% of soil samples. Being agar free and cheaper, the new fungal medium designed showed results equivalent to Sabouraud medium. | KHALID Mahmood YANG Wei-jun KISHWAR Nazir RAJPUT Zahid Iqbal ARIJO Abdullah G. | 2006 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2006，7，6： | 2 |
| 6 | Chiral separations of some beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists on amycoat column by HPLC 显示文摘 | Imran A Kishwar S Vinay DG | 2010 | Chirality2010，22，1： | 1 |
| 7 | White electroluminescence using ZnO nanotubes/GaN heterostructure light-emitting diode显示文摘 | SADAF J R ISRAR M Q KISHWAR S | 2010 | Nanoscale Research Letters2010，5，6： | 1 |
| 8 | DNA vaccine: roles against diseases 显示文摘 | Kishwar Hayat Khan | 2013 | Germs2013，，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Synthesis, Characterization and Antiamoebic Activity of Benzimidazole Derivatives and Their Vanadium and Molybdenum Complexes显示文摘 | Neelam Bharti Shailendra M.T. Gonzalez Garza Delia E. Cruz-Vega J. Castro-Garza Kishwar Saleem Fehmida Naqvi Mannar R. Maurya Amir Azam | 2002 | Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters2002，，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Electro optical and cathodoluminescence properties of low temperature grown ZnO nanorods/p-GaN white light emitting diodes 显示文摘 | S Kishwar G Tzamalis O Nur | 2010 | Phys Status Solidi A2010，207，1： | 1 |
| 11 | White electrolumines- cence using ZnO nanotubes/GaN heterostructure light-emitting diode显示文摘 | Sadaf J R Israr M Q Kishwar S | 2010 | Nanoscale Research Letters2010，5，： | 1 |
| 12 | Estimation of aerosol optical depth in relation to meteorological parameters over eastern and western routes of China Pakistan economic corridor显示文摘This study finds out seasonal and monthly variations in Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD)over eastern and western routes of China Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC)and the relationship between AOD and meteorological parameters(i.e.,temperature,rainfall and wind speed).The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)and Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer(MISR)data was used from the terra satellite for the period of 2000-2016.This study aims to overtake the conventional view of the purpose of using the satellite datasets.This study takes on to the concept that validated satellite data sets rather should be used for the analysis instead of just validation specifically for our study region.Hence,after comparing MODIS AOD with MISR AOD,only MISR AOD dataset is used for further analysis.The results show a decreasing trend of AOD in summer season,a positive relationship between temperature and AOD during winter and spring seasons whereas a positive relationship between wind speed and AOD in winter and spring seasons over eastern and western routes.Periodic analysis of MODIS AOD and MISR AOD depicts May-Aug as the peak period of aerosol concentration over central Pakistan.The inter-annual analysis shows the aerosol trend remained higher during summer season however rainfall shows the washout effect.Eastern route has higher standard deviation and larger values for aerosol prevalence as compared to western route.The trajectory analysis using the HYSPLIT model suggests the bias of air mass trajectory caused deviation in the aerosol trend in the year 2014. | Bushra Khalid Ayesha Khalid Sidra Muslim Ammara Habib Kishwar Khan Debora Souza Alvim Sehrish Shakoor Sonia Mustafa Sana Zaheer Momel Zoon Azmat Hayat Khan Sana Ilyas Bin Chen | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Vegetation-environment relationship in Pinus wallichiana forests of the Swat Hindukush range of Pakistan显示文摘Understanding the influence of environmental variables on the spatial distribution of ecological communities is essential to predict the response of vegetation to various environmental drivers.Ecological theory suggests that multiple environmental factors shape local species assemblages and should influence the various components of community structure and composition in different ways.This study aimed to classify Pinus wallichiana dominated forests in the Swat Hindukush range mountains to understand the relative influence of multiple environmental filters on its composition and structure.These forests represent the most typical of the species distribution in northern Pakistan and were not subjected to any phytosociological study.For this purpose,thirty forest stands,spanning a wide range of physical habitats were sampled using 10910 m plots and the importance value index was calculated.The floristic and environmental data were subjected to Ward’s agglomerative cluster analysis for objective classification and ordinated with NMS ordination for pattern description and testing the vegetation–environmental relationships.Three floristically and ecologically distinct communities were recognized along the topographic gradient(elevation,r=0.377;slope,r=0.5548)coupled with soil physical(clay,r=0.2782;silt,r=0.3225)and chemical properties(pH,r=0.4975;lime,r=3982).An elevation gradient of 100 m separated the low(Pinus wallichiana–Quercus dilatata community)and middle elevations forest stands(P.wallichiana pure population)from the highland population type(Pinus wallichiana–Cedrus deodara community).The floristics and structure of these forest types respond directly or indirectly to topographic and soil variables which were evidenced from the floristic composition,species richness,and community physiognomy.These characteristics of the communities changed from heterogenous,dense stands to sparsely dispersed conifers,broadleaved-evergreen,and deciduous vegetation types along the environmental gradients.We concluded that several factors explained the spatial pattern.Thus,we predict that elevation coupled with soil physical and chemical properties could be considered if the ultimate goal is the restoration and conservation of these forests.We also recommend broad-scale phytosociological study on P.wallichiana forests including multiple sampling from diverse locations to define the floristic diversity and to better understand its ecological requirements. | Inayat Ur Rahman Nasrullah Khan Kishwar Ali Siraj Ahmad | 2020 | Journal of Forestry Research2020，31，1： | 0 |
| 14 | Composition,Structure and Regeneration Dynamics of Olea ferruginea Royle Forests from Hindukush Range of Pakistan显示文摘The abundance of Olea ferruginea in Malakand Division has been significantly reduced across its distribution range due to anthropogenic pressure in the recent past. A number of initiatives were taken for grafting this species to obtain better seeds for oil production, without the basic information on their ecology and management. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified the composition, structure and regeneration dynamics of Olea ferruginea forests in Malakand Division, Hindukush range of Pakistan. In the present study, five communities dominated by Olea ferruginea were identified using Ward's agglomerative cluster analysis.Total tree density ranged from 153-2602 plants/ha, and basal area from 19.55 to 2353 m2 ha-1 with Olea having a relative density of 51% to 87% and basal area of 48% to 93%, respectively. The density of juveniles of the dominant and subordinate tree species were generally low which reflect their narrow distribution in the study area. Size-class distributions of O. ferruginea disclosed a bell-shaped pattern, indicating that forests were heavily exploited by local inhabitants in previous periods and recently by armed forces owing to security risks in the study area. The age(mean max. 300±34 years) and annual increment(3.2±1.2 years/cm) indicates that the species is long lived and generally slow growing among the different broad leaved species studied so far. However, the oldest trees can be found by the exploration of large diameter trees in the area. In addition, we found a stable linear relationship between the age and diameter(r2 = 0.779), indicating that diameter is a good predictor of age for this broad leaved species. In view of its relatively slow growth, longevity and positive ring-width characteristics O. ferruginea seems to be a suitable choice for dendroecological and dendrochronological studies in lesser Himalayan and Hindukush ranges of Pakistan. The results obtained from this study may help in understanding the composition, structure and regeneration dynamics of other subtropical broad leaved species. | NASRULLAH Khan FAYAZ Ali KISHWAR Ali SHAHID Shaukat | 2015 | Journal of Mountain Science2015，12，3： | 0 |
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