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| 1 | 大气二氧化氮与每日总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率的短期关联:398个城市的多中心分析显示文摘目的:采用统一的分析方案,评估全球多个国家/地区的二氧化氮(NO_(2))与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率之间的短期关联。研究设计:采用两阶段的时间序列分析方法、过度离散的广义线性模型和多水平meta分析。研究地点:22个低到高收入国家/地区的398个城市。主要结局指标:1973—2018年逐日总死亡人数(6280万人)、心血管疾病死亡人数(1970万人)和呼吸系统疾病死亡人数(550万人)。结果:平均而言,NO_(2)浓度在滞后1天(前1天)每增加10μg/m^(3),会导致总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率分别增加0.46%(95%可信区间0.36%~0.57%)、0.37%(0.22%~0.51%)、0.47%(0.21%~0.72%)。在对共污染物(PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、臭氧、二氧化硫和一氧化碳)进行调整后,这些关联仍然很稳定。所有3种死因的暴露-反应曲线几乎是线性的,没有明显的阈值。在398个城市中,可归因于高过假定零水平的NO_(2)浓度造成的死亡比例为1.23%(95%可信区间0.96%~1.51%)。结论:这项多中心研究提供了关于NO_(2)短期暴露与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统死亡风险之间的独立和线性关联的关键证据,说明通过加强NO_(2)的控制和监管限制标准,可获得人群水平的健康收益。 | 孟夏 刘聪(校) 陈仁杰 郑湃(译) 阚海东(校) Francesco Sera Ana Vicedo-Cabrera Ai Milojevic Maria Guo Yuming Tong Shilu Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelh Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva Eric Lavigne Patricia Matus Correa Nicolas Valdes Ortega Samuel Osorio Garcia Jan Kysely Ales Urban Hans Orru Marek Maasikmets Jouni J K Jaakkola Niilo Ryti Veronika Huber Alexandra Schneider Klea Katsouyanni Antonis Analitis Masahiro Hashizume Yasushi Honda Chris Fook Sheng Ng Baltazar Nunes João Paulo Teixeira Iulian Horia Holobaca Simona Fratianni Ho Kim Aurelio Tobias Carmeníniguez Bertil Forsberg ChristoferÅström Martina S Ragettli Yue-Liang Leon Guo Shih-Chun Pan Shanshan Li Michelle L Bell Antonella Zanobetti Joel Schwartz Tangchun Wu Antonio Gasparrini | 2021 | 英国医学杂志中文版2021，24，8： | 7 |
| 2 | Full-space Cloud of Random Points with a Scrambling Metasurface显示文摘With the rapid progress in computer science,including artificial intelligence,big data and cloud computing,full-space spot generation can be pivotal to many practical applications,such as facial recognition,motion detection,augmented reality,etc.These opportunities may be achieved by using diffractive optical elements(DOEs)or light detection and ranging(LIDAR).However,DOEs suffer from intrinsic limitations,such as demanding depth-controlled fabrication techniques,large thicknesses(more than the wavelength),Lambertian operation only in half space,etc.LIDAR nevertheless relies on complex and bulky scanning systems,which hinders the miniaturization of the spot generator.Here,inspired by a Lambertian scatterer,we report a Hermitian-conjugate metasurface scrambling the incident light to a cloud of random points in full space with compressed information density,functioning in both transmission and reflection spaces.Over 4044 random spots are experimentally observed in the entire space,covering angles at nearly 90°.Our scrambling metasurface is made of amorphous silicon with a uniform subwavelength height,a nearly continuous phase coverage,a lightweight,flexible design,and low-heat dissipation.Thus,it may be mass produced by and integrated into existing semiconductor foundry designs.Our work opens important directions for emerging 3D recognition sensors,such as motion sensing,facial recognition,and other applications. | Zile Li Qi Dai Muhammad Q.Mehmood Guangwei Hu Boris Luk’yanchuk Jin Tao Chenglong Hao Inki Kim Heonyeong Jeong Guoxing Zheng Shaohua Yu Andrea Alù Junsuk Rho Cheng-Wei Qiu | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 6 |
| 3 | Magnetic resonance imaging of the cirrhotic liver: An update显示文摘Noninvasive imaging has become the standard for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) diagnosis in cirrhotic livers. In this review paper, we go over the basics of MR imaging in cirrhotic livers and describe the imaging appearance of a spectrum of hepatic nodules marking the progression from regenerative nodules to low- and high-grade dysplastic nodules, and ultimately to HCCs. We detail and illustrate the typical imaging appearancesof different types of HCC including focal, multifocal, massive, diffuse/infiltrative, and intra-hepatic metastases; with emphasis on the diagnostic value of MR in imaging these lesions. We also shed some light on liver imaging reporting and data system, and the role of different magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) contrast agents and future MRI techniques including the use of advanced MR pulse sequences and utilization of hepatocyte-specific MRI contrast agents, and how they might contribute to improving the diagnostic performance of MRI in early stage HCC diagnosis. | Agnes Watanabe Miguel Ramalho Mamdoh Al Obaidy Hye Jin Kim Fernanda G Velloni Richard C Semelka | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，3： | 5 |
| 4 | Appropriateness of systemic treatments in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors显示文摘AIM:To evaluate systemic treatment choices in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)and provide consensus treatment recommendations.METHODS:Systemic treatment options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors have expanded in recent years to include somatostatin analogs,angiogenesis inhibitors,inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycinand cytotoxic agents.At this time,there is little data to guide treatment selection and sequence.We therefore assembled a panel of expert physicians to evaluate systemic treatment choices and provide consensus treatment recommendations.Treatment appropriateness ratings were collected using the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi process.After studying the literature,a multidisciplinary panel of 10 physicians assessed the appropriateness of various medical treatment scenarios on a 1-9 scale.Ratings were done both before and after an extended discussion of the evidence.Quantitative measurements of agreement were made and consensus statements developed from the second round ratings.RESULTS:Specialties represented were medical and surgical oncology,interventional radiology,and gastroenterology.Panelists had practiced for a mean of15.5 years(range:6-33).Among 202 rated scenarios,disagreement decreased from 13.2%(26 scenarios)before the face-to-face discussion of evidence to 1%(2)after.In the final ratings,46.5%(94 scenarios)were rated inappropriate,21.8%(44)were uncertain,and30.7%(62)were appropriate.Consensus statements from the scenarios included:(1)it is appropriate to use somatostatin analogs as first line therapy in patients with hormonally functional tumors and may be appropriate in patients who are asymptomatic;(2)it is appropriate to use everolimus,sunitinib,or cytotoxic chemotherapy therapy as first line therapy in patients with symptomatic or progressive tumors;and(3)beyond first line,these same agents can be used.In patients with uncontrolled secretory symptoms,octreotide LAR doses can be titrated up to 60 mg every4 wk or up to 40 mg every 3 or 4 wk.CONCLUSION:Using the Delphi process allowed physician experts to systematically obtain a consensus on the appropriateness of a variety of medical therapies in patients with PNETs. | Jonathan R Strosberg George A Fisher Al B Benson Lowell B Anthony Bulent Arslan John F Gibbs Edward Greeno Renuka V Iyer Michelle K Kim William J Maples Philip A Philip Edward M Wolin Dasha Cherepanov Michael S Broder | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，8： | 2 |
| 5 | Chronological age when health care transition skills are mastered in adolescents/young adults with inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM To describe the longitudinal course of acquisition of healthcare transition skills among adolescents and young adults with inflammatory bowel diseases.METHODS We recruited adolescents and young adults(AYA) with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD), from the pediatric IBD clinic at the University of North Carolina. Participants completed the TRx ANSITION Scale? at least once during the study period(2006-2015). We used the electronic medical record to extract participants' clinical and demographic data. We used ordinary least square regressions with robust standard error clustered at patient level to explore the variations in the levels and growths of healthcare transition readiness.RESULTS Our sample(n = 144) ranged in age from 14-22 years. Age was significantly and positively associated with both the level and growth of TRx ANSITION Scale? scores(P < 0.01). Many healthcare transition(HCT) skills were acquired between ages 12 and 14 years, but others were not mastered until after age 18, including self-management skills.CONCLUSION This is one of the first studies to describe the longitudinal course of HCT skill acquisition among AYA with IBD, providing benchmarks for evaluating transition interventions. | Natalie Stollon Yi Zhong Maria Ferris Suneet Bhansali Brian Pitts Eniko Rak Maureen Kelly Sandra Kim Miranda AL van Tilburg | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，18： | 2 |
| 6 | Loss of p12CDK2-AP1 expression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma with disrupted transforming growth factor-beta-Smad signaling pathway显示文摘 | PENG H SHINTANI S KIM Y al | 2006 | Neoplasia2006，8，： | 1 |
| 7 | The role of the coagulation cascadein brain edema formation after intracerebral hemorrhage显示文摘 | Lee KR Betz AL Kim S | 1996 | Acta Neurochir1996，138，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Resveratrol inhibits proliferation of human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells by modulating MEK1 and AP-1 signalling pathways显示文摘 | Kim AL Zhu Y Zhu H | 2006 | Exp Dermatol2006，15，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Electrical characteristics of proton-irradiated Sc2O3 passivated AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors显示文摘 | Luo B Jihyun Kim Ren F et al | 2003 | Appl Phys Lett2003，82，93： | 1 |
| 10 | Solitary pulmonary nodules: dynamic enhanced multi-detector row CT study and compari son with vascular endothelial growth factor and microvessel density显示文摘 | Chin A Yi Kyung Soo Lee Eun A Kim el al | 2004 | Radiology2004，233，： | 1 |
| 11 | Low-dose versus moderate-dose atorvastatin after acute myocardial infarction: 8-month effects on cor- onary flow reserve and angiogenic cell mobilization 显示文摘 | Hong SJ Choi SC Kim JS er al | 2010 | Heart2010，96，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Association between blood pressure variability and inflammatory marker in hypertensive patients 显示文摘 | Kim K I Lee J H Chang H J et al | 2008 | Circ J2008，72，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Dihydroartemisinin enhances radio- sensitivity of human glioma cells in vitro 显示文摘 | Kim S J Kim MS Lee JW el al | 2006 | J Cancer Rcs Clin Oneol2006，132，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Bronchial responsiveness to methacho-line and adenosine 5 * 2 monophosphatein young children with asthma :their relationship with blood eosinophils and serum eosinophil cationicprotein 显示文摘 | Choi SH Kim DK Yu J e^ al | 2007 | Allergy2007，62，： | 1 |
| 15 | Independent validation of the 2010 American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM classification for renal cell carcinoma: results from a large, single institution co- hort 显示文摘 | Kim SP Alt AL Weight C J | 2011 | J Urol2011，185，： | 1 |
| 16 | Halide salts acceleratedegradation of high explosives by zerovalent iron 显示文摘 | Kim J S Shea P J Yang J E ef al | 2007 | Environmental Pollution2007，147，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Green tea extract inhibits paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by suppression of oxidative stress and endothelin-1 expression显示文摘 | Kim HR Park BK Oh YM a al | 2006 | Lung2006，184，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Differential Effects of IT Investments:Complementarity and Effect of GDP Level显示文摘 | KIM Y J etc al | 2008 | International Journal of Information Management2008，28，： | 1 |
| 19 | The role of the coagulation cascade in brain edema formation after intracerebral hemorrhage显示文摘 | Lee KR Betz AL Kim S | 1996 | Acta Neurochir1996，138，： | 1 |
| 20 | N20 emissions from acti-vated sludge processes ,2008 - 2009 : Results of a nation-al monitoring survey in the United States 显示文摘 | Ahn J H Kim S Park H ei al | 2010 | EnvironSci Technol2010，44，12： | 1 |
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