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| 1 | Ultrafast epitaxial growth of metre-sized single-crystal graphene on industrial Cu foil显示文摘A foundation of the modern technology that uses single-crystal silicon has been the growth of highquality single-crystal Si ingots with diameters up to 12 inches or larger. For many applications of graphene, large-area high-quality(ideally of single-crystal) material will be enabling. Since the first growth on copper foil a decade ago, inch-sized single-crystal graphene has been achieved. We present here the growth, in 20 min, of a graphene film of(5 ×50) cm^2 dimension with >99% ultra-highly oriented grains.This growth was achieved by:(1) synthesis of metre-sized single-crystal Cu(1 1 1) foil as substrate;(2)epitaxial growth of graphene islands on the Cu(1 1 1) surface;(3) seamless merging of such graphene islands into a graphene film with high single crystallinity and(4) the ultrafast growth of graphene film.These achievements were realized by a temperature-gradient-driven annealing technique to produce single-crystal Cu(1 1 1) from industrial polycrystalline Cu foil and the marvellous effects of a continuous oxygen supply from an adjacent oxide. The as-synthesized graphene film, with very few misoriented grains(if any), has a mobility up to ~23,000 cm^2 V^(-1)s^(-1)at 4 K and room temperature sheet resistance of ~230 Ω/□. It is very likely that this approach can be scaled up to achieve exceptionally large and high-quality graphene films with single crystallinity, and thus realize various industrial-level applications at a low cost. | Xiaozhi Xu Zhihong Zhang Jichen Dong Ding Yi Jingjing Niu Muhong Wu Li Lin Rongkang Yin Mingqiang Li Jingyuan Zhou Shaoxin Wang Junliang Sun Xiaojie Duan Peng Gao Ying Jiang Xiaosong Wu Hailin Peng Rodney S. Ruoff Zhongfan Liu Dapeng Yu Enge Wang Feng Ding Kaihui Liu | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，15： | 40 |
| 2 | Fluxes of methane,carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide in an alpine wetland and an alpine grassland of the Tianshan Mountains,China显示文摘Methane(CH4), carbon dioxide(CO2) and nitrous oxide(N2O) are known to be major greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. To identify the flux dynamics of these greenhouse gases is, therefore, of great significance. In this paper, we conducted a comparative study on an alpine grassland and alpine wetland at the Bayinbuluk Grassland Eco-system Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences. By using opaque, static, manual stainless steel chambers and gas chromatography, we measured the fluxes of CH4, N2O and CO2 from the grassland and wetland through an in situ monitoring study from May 2010 to October 2012. The mean flux rates of CH4, N2O and CO2 for the experimental alpine wetland in the growing season(from May to October) were estimated at 322.4 μg/(m2?h), 16.7 μg/(m2?h) and 76.7 mg/(m2?h), respectively; and the values for the alpine grassland were –88.2 μg/(m2?h), 12.7 μg/(m2?h), 57.3 mg/(m2?h), respectively. The gas fluxes showed large seasonal and annual variations, suggesting weak fluxes in the non-growing season. The relationships between these gas fluxes and environmental factors were analyzed for the two alpine ecosystems. The results showed that air temperature, precipitation, soil temperature and soil moisture can greatly influence the fluxes of CH4, N2O and CO2, but the alpine grassland and alpine wetland showed different feedback mechanisms under the same climate and environmental conditions. | GuiXiang HE KaiHui LI XueJun LIU YanMing GONG YuKun HU | 2014 | Journal of Arid Land2014，6，6： | 7 |
| 3 | Carbon Storage and Vertical Distribution in Three Shrubland Communities in Gurbantünggüt Desert,Uygur AutonomousRegion of Xinjiang,Northwest China显示文摘This study was carried out in the Gurbantünggüt Desert,Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang,Northwest China in August,2009.To quantify the storage,contribution and vertical distribution patterns of plant biomass carbon (PBC)and soil organic carbon(SOC)in the study area,we investigated the carbon concentrations and its vertical distribution in three different desert shrubland communities dominated by Reaumuria soongorica,Haloxylon ammodendron+R.soongorica and Tamarix ramosissima+R.soongorica,respectively.We analyzed vertical distribution of root biomass carbon and soil carbon contents by excavating soil profiles for each dominated community.The results show that SOC is considerably the larger carbon pool in the soil layers of 1.0-3.0 m(the mean value of three shrubland communities is 38.46%)and 3.0-5.0 m(the mean value is 40.24%).In contrast,70.74%of belowground biomass carbon storage in 0-1.0 m layer,and its content decrease with increasing soil depth.The Haloxylon ammodendron+R. soongorica shrubland community has the highest belowground biomass carbon among three selected communities. This study highlights the importance of SOC stored in deep soil layers(lower than 3.0 m from the surface)in arid shrubland communities in the global carbon balance.In addition,it provides the data support for revealing deep soil solid carbon potential,and offers scientific basis for the further research in the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystem. | GONG Yanming HU Yukun FANG Fei LIU Yanyan LI Kaihui ZHANG Guangming | 2012 | Chinese Geographical Science2012，22，5： | 6 |
| 4 | Scalable and ultrafast epitaxial growth of single-crystal graphene wafers for electrically tunable liquid-crystal microlens arrays显示文摘The scalable growth of wafer-sized single-crystal graphene in an energy-efficient manner and compatible with wafer process is critical for the killer applications of graphene in high-performance electronics and optoelectronics. Here, ultrafast epitaxial growth of single-crystal graphene wafers is realized on singlecrystal Cu90Ni10(1 1 1) thin films fabricated by a tailored two-step magnetron sputtering and recrystallization process. The minor nickel(Ni) content greatly enhances the catalytic activity of Cu, rendering the growth of a 4 in. single-crystal monolayer graphene wafer in 10 min on Cu90Ni10(1 1 1), 50 folds faster than graphene growth on Cu(1 1 1). Through the carbon isotope labeling experiments, graphene growth on Cu90Ni10(1 1 1) is proved to be exclusively surface-reaction dominated, which is ascribed to the Cu surface enrichment in the Cu Ni alloy, as indicated by element in-depth profile. One of the best benefits of our protocol is the compatibility with wafer process and excellent scalability. A pilot-scale chemical vapor deposition(CVD) system is designed and built for the mass production of single-crystal graphene wafers, with productivity of 25 pieces in one process cycle. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of single-crystal graphene in electrically controlled liquid-crystal microlens arrays(LCMLA), which exhibit highly tunable focal lengths near 2 mm under small driving voltages. By integration of the graphene based LCMLA and a CMOS sensor, a prototype camera is proposed that is available for simultaneous light-field and light intensity imaging. The single-crystal graphene wafers could hold great promising for highperformance electronics and optoelectronics that are compatible with wafer process. | Bing Deng Zhaowei Xin Ruiwen Xue Shishu Zhang Xiaozhi Xu Jing Gao Jilin Tang Yue Qi Yani Wang Yan Zhao Luzhao Sun Huihui Wang Kaihui Liu Mark H. Rummeli Lu-Tao Weng Zhengtang Luo Lianming Tong Xinyu Zhang Changsheng Xie Zhongfan Liu Hailin Peng | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，10： | 4 |
| 5 | Genome and transcriptome of Papaver somniferum Chinese landrace CHM indicates that massive genome expansion contributes to high benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis显示文摘Opium poppy(Papaver somniferum)is a source of morphine,codeine,and semisynthetic derivatives,including oxycodone and naltrexone.Here,we report the de novo assembly and genomic analysis of P.somniferum traditional landrace‘Chinese Herbal Medicine’.Variations between the 2.62 Gb CHM genome and that of the previously sequenced high noscapine 1(HN1)variety were also explored.Among 79,668 protein-coding genes,we functionally annotated 88.9%,compared to 68.8%reported in the HN1 genome.Gene family and 4DTv comparative analyses with three other Papaveraceae species revealed that opium poppy underwent two whole-genome duplication(WGD)events.The first of these,in ancestral Ranunculales,expanded gene families related to characteristic secondary metabolite production and disease resistance.The more recent species-specific WGD mediated by transposable elements resulted in massive genome expansion.Genes carrying structural variations and large-effect variants associated with agronomically different phenotypes between CHM and HN1 that were identified through our transcriptomic comparison of multiple organs and developmental stages can enable the development of new varieties.These genomic and transcriptomic analyses will provide a valuable resource that informs future basic and agricultural studies of the opium poppy. | Li Pei Baishi Wang Jian Ye Xiaodi Hu Lihong Fu Kui Li Zhiyu Ni Zhenlong Wang Yujie Wei Luye Shi Ying Zhang Xue Bai Mengwan Jiang Shuhui Wang Chunling Ma Shujin Li Kaihui Liu Wanshui Li Bin Cong | 2021 | Horticulture Research2021，8，1： | 4 |
| 6 | Algorithm for Calculating Torque Base in Vehicle Traction Control System显示文摘Existing research on the traction control system(TCS) mainly focuses on control methods, such as the PID control, fuzzy logic control, etc, aiming at achieving an ideal slip rate of the drive wheel over long control periods. The initial output of the TCS (referred to as the torque base in this paper), which has a great impact on the driving performance of the vehicle in early cycles, remains to be investigated. In order to improve the control performance of the TCS in the first several cycles, an algorithm is proposed to determine the torque base. First, torque bases are calculated by two different methods, one based on states judgment and the other based on the vehicle dynamics. The confidence level of the torque base calculated based on the vehicle dynamics is also obtained. The final torque base is then determined based on the two torque bases and the confidence level. Hardware-in-the-loop(HIL) simulation and vehicle tests emulating sudden start on low friction roads have been conducted to verify the proposed algorithm. The control performance of a PID-controlled TCS with and without the proposed torque base algorithm is compared, showing that the proposed algorithm improves the performance of the TCS over the first several cycles and enhances about 5% vehicle speed by contrast. The proposed research provides a more proper initial value for TCS control, and improves the performance of the first several control cycles of the TCS. | LI Hongzhi LI Liang SONG Jian WU Kaihui QIAO Yanjuan LIU Xingchun XIA Yongguang | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2012，25，6： | 4 |
| 7 | Comparison of the corrosion behavior of AM60 Mg alloy with and without self-healing coating in atmospheric environment显示文摘Coatings on the surface of Mg alloys are inevitably damaged during their practical applications,and corrosion can easily initiate from the damaged areas to accelerate the failure of Mg parts.A dual self-healing coating has already been developed to solve this problem in our previous work.Considering the practical application of this coating,it is necessary to investigate its service behavior in atmospheric environment.Thus,the corrosion behavior of AM60 Mg substrate with and without the self-healing coating was compared in Shenyang industrial atmospheric environment.The results show that the enrichment of sediments and rainwater on the scratch areas can accelerate the corrosion of the exposed Mg substrate.The inhibitors can be released from the damaged coating to inhibit corrosion.The dual self-healing coating shows better inhibition ability to narrow scratches due to the higher inhibitor concentration and less resumption.Also,the coating with wide scratches displays enough inhibition ability as well.The dual self-healing coating is a good alternative for Mg alloy parts in the practical applications. | Yingwei Song Dan Liu Weineng Tang Kaihui Dong Dayong Shan En-Hou Han | 2021 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2021，9，4： | 4 |
| 8 | 10-Hydroxycamptothecin produced by a new endophytic Xylaria sp., M20, from Camptotheca acuminata显示文摘 | Kaihui Liu Xiaowei Ding Baiwan Deng Wenqiang Chen | 2010 | Biotechnology Letters2010，，5： | 2 |
| 9 | Contrasting effects of nitrogen addition on litter decomposition in forests and grasslands in China显示文摘Nitrogen(N)addition has profound impacts on litter-mediated nutrient cycling.Numerous studies have reported different effects of N addition on litter decomposition,exhibiting positive,negative,or neutral effects.Previous meta-analysis of litter decomposition under N addition was mainly based on a small number of samples to allow comparisons among ecosystem types.This study presents the results of a meta-analysis incorporating data from 53 published studies(including 617 observations)across forests,grasslands,wetlands,and croplands in China,to investigate how environmental and experimental factors impact the effects of N addition on litter decomposition.Averaged across all of the studies,N addition significantly slows litter decomposition by 7.02%.Considering ecosystem types,N addition significantly accelerates litter decomposition by 3.70%and 11.22%in grasslands and wetlands,respectively,clearly inhibits litter decomposition by 14.53%in forests,and has no significant effects on litter decomposition in croplands.Regarding the accelerated litter decomposition rate in grasslands due to N addition,litter decomposition rate increases slightly with increasing rates of N addition.However,N addition slows litter decomposition in forests,but litter decomposition is at a significantly increasing rate with increasing amounts of N addition.The responses of litter decomposition to N addition are also influenced by the forms of N addition,experiential duration of N addition,humidity index,litter quality,and soil pH.In summary,N addition alters litter decomposition rate,but the direction and magnitude of the response are affected by the forms of N addition,the rate of N addition,ambient N deposition,experimental duration,and climate factors.Our study highlights the contrasting effects of N addition on litter decomposition in forests and grasslands.This finding could be used in biogeochemical models to better evaluate ecosystem carbon cycling under increasing N deposition due to the differential responses of litter decomposition to N addition rates and ecosystem types. | SU Yuan MA Xiaofei GONG Yanming LI Kaihui HAN Wenxuan LIU Xuejun | 2021 | Journal of Arid Land2021，13，7： | 2 |
| 10 | Giant Valley Coherence at Room Temperature in 3R WS_(2) with Broken Inversion Symmetry显示文摘Breaking the space-time symmetries in materials can markedly influence their electronic and optical properties.In 3R-stacked transition metal dichalcogenides,the explicitly broken inversion symmetry enables valley-contrasting Berry curvature and quantization of electronic angular momentum,providing an unprecedented platform for valleytronics.Here,we study the valley coherence of 3R WS_(2) large single-crystal with thicknesses ranging from monolayer to octalayer at room temperature.Our measurements demonstrate that both A and B excitons possess robust and thickness-independent valley coherence.The valley coherence of direct A(B)excitons can reach 0.742(0.653)with excitation conditions on resonance with it.Such giant and thickness-independent valley coherence of large single-crystal 3R WS_(2) at room temperature would provide a firm foundation for quantum manipulation of the valley degree of freedom and practical application of valleytronics. | Luojun Du Jian Tang Jing Liang Mengzhou Liao Zhiyan Jia Qinghua Zhang Yanchong Zhao Rong Yang Dongxia Shi Lin Gu Jianyong Xiang Kaihui Liu Zhipei Sun Guangyu Zhang | 2019 | Research2019，，1： | 2 |
| 11 | In situ TEM studies of oxygen vacancy migration for electrically induced resistance change effect in cerium oxides显示文摘 | Peng Gao Zhenzhong Wang Wangyang Fu Zhaoliang Liao Kaihui Liu Wenlong Wang Xuedong Bai Enge Wang | 2009 | Micron2009，，4： | 2 |
| 12 | Atomic-scale imaging of the defect dynamics in ceria nanowires under heating by in situ aberration-corrected TEM显示文摘The defects in the ceria usually work as the active reaction sites in their industrial applications.In this article,we studied the formation and atomic process of the defects of ceria nanowires under heating by using in situ aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy(Cs-TEM)method.With the temperature elevating,ceria nanowires are reduced and defects begin to appear and grow up.When temperature reaches 1,023 K,the defect morphology exhibits the rhombus or hexagon patterns,which are surrounded by{111}and{200}planes with lower surface energy,and the heated ceria still maintain the same cubic fluorite structure as their parent.It is also indicated that the formation of defects originates from the release of lattice oxygen and the volatilization of surface Ce ions.This work provides an important insight into designing ceria-based catalysts and ionic conductors. | Xiaomin Li Kaihui Liu Wenlong Wang Xuedong Bai | 2019 | Science China Chemistry2019，62，12： | 2 |
| 13 | Isolation and characterization of endophytic fungi from Camptotheca acuminata显示文摘 | Xiaowei Ding Kaihui Liu Baiwan Deng Wenqiang Chen Wenjun Li Feihu Liu | 2013 | World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology2013，，10： | 1 |
| 14 | Two meters graphene ?lm for generators显示文摘Physicists and especially applied physicists long for a convenient way for converting mechanical, solar energy, and thermal energy into electricity, which makes up our modern lives—from a small LED light to many integrated communication devices. Since the breakthrough work by Faraday in the beginning of the 19th century, the harvesting of electricity has been the hot topic in our modern society. | Zhibin Zhang Kaihui Liu | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，8： | 1 |
| 15 | 10-Hydroxycamptothecin produced by a new endophytic Xylaria sp., M20, from Camptotheca acuminata显示文摘 | Kaihui Liu Xiaowei Ding Baiwan Deng Wenqiang Chen | 2010 | Biotechnology Letters2010，，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Isolation and characterization of endophytic taxol-produeing fungi from Taxus chinensis 显示文摘 | Liu Kaihui Ding Xiaowei Deng Baiwan | 2009 | J Ind Microbiol Bioteehnol2009，36，9： | 1 |
| 17 | Generation and control of dynamically tunable circular Pearcey beams with annular spiral-zone phase显示文摘Light-field shaping technology plays an important role in optics and nanophotonics. For instance, the spatially structured light field, which exhibits characteristic features in complex phases, light intensity, and polarization, is crucial to understanding new physical phenomena and exploring practical applications. Herein, we propose and demonstrate a new class of tunable circular Pearcey beams(TCPBs) by imposing the annular spiral-zone phase(ASZP). Through experiments, we used a spatial light modulator to generate TCPBs based on their spiral phase distribution, and numerically analyzed the generation and control of the beams with unusual autofocusing and self-rotating dynamics. ASZP is a general term for complex phases composed of the spiral phase,equiphase, and radial phase. TCPB typically exhibits dynamical properties, including abrupt autofocusing, automatic generation of optical bottles, and self-rotation of the beam pattern, during propagation. Besides, the number of generated optical bottles can be modulated by the superposition mode of ASZP and the number of subphases. We found that an inappropriate superposition mode leads to distortion, and we analyzed the underlying mechanism. Potential applications of TCPBs in optical manipulation are also discussed, presenting an exemplary role desired for light-field manipulation. | KaiHui Chen HuiXin Qiu You Wu ZeJia Lin HaiQi Huang LingLing Shui DongMei Deng HongZhan Liu ZhiGang Chen | 2021 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2021，64，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Isolation and characterization of endophytic taxol-producing fungi from Taxus chinensis显示文摘 | Kaihui Liu Xiaowei Ding Baiwan Deng Wenqiang Chen | 2009 | Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology2009，，9： | 1 |
| 19 | solation of Heat Shock Factor HSFA1 a-binding Sites in vivo Revealed Variations of Heat Shock Elements in Arabidopsis Thaliana显示文摘 | Lihong Guo Shanna Chen Kaihui Liu | 2008 | Plant Cell Physiol2008，49，9： | 1 |
| 20 | Graphene-integrated waveguides:Properties,preparation,and applications显示文摘Graphene-integrated waveguides(GIWGs)have shown immense potential for applications in next-generation datacom technology due to graphene’s compactness and its functional complementarity with traditional optical waveguides.However,the fabrication techniques of GIWGs lack scalability for commercial applications.Here we discuss the recent developments of GIWGs in two-dimensional optoelectronics by focusing on their properties,wave–matter interaction mechanisms,and fabrication techniques.We highlight representative advances on the advantages and potential applications of GIWGs in telecom networks.Finally,we outline major challenges and development trends to bridge the gap between proof-of-concept demonstrations and practical applications. | Kaili Chang Zenghui Li Yuzong Gu Kaihui Liu Ke Chen | 2022 | Nano Research2022，15，11： | 1 |
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