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| 1 | 美国国立老化研究所与阿尔茨海默病协会诊断指南写作组:阿尔茨海默病源性轻度认知障碍诊断标准推荐显示文摘美国国立老化研究所(NIA)和阿尔茨海默病协会(ADA)组织了一个工作组,负责阿尔茨海默病(AD)痴呆前症状阶段——即本文所称的AD源性轻度认知障碍(MCI)的诊断标准的制订及完善。该工作组制订了以下两套标准:(1)在缺乏相应条件进行先进影像技术及脑脊液检查时,医务人员适用的核心临床标准;(2)适用于包括临床试验在内的科学研究的研究标准。后者纳入了基于影像技术及脑脊液检查的生物标志物的应用。并根据所出现的生物标志物的性质,将最终MCI诊断的确定性程度分为4个级别。而要使生物标志物有效应用于诊断,并在社区医疗服务中规范使用,尚需做大量的工作。 | McKhann GM Knopman DS Chertkow H Hyman BT Jack CR Jr Kawas CH Klunk WE Koroshetz WJ Manly JJ Mayeux R Mohs RC Morris JC Rossor MN Schehens P Carrillo MC Thies B Weintraub S Phelps CH 贾建平(译) 陆璐(译) 张逸驰(译) 黄丽黄(译) 礼媛(译) | 2012 | 中华神经科杂志2012，45，5： | 51 |
| 2 | 美国国立老化研究所与阿尔茨海默病协会诊断指南写作组:阿尔茨海默病痴呆诊断标准的推荐显示文摘由美国国立老化研究所(NIA)和阿尔茨海默病(AD)协会组织了一个工作组,负责修订1984年版AD痴呆的诊断标准。旨在确保修订后的标准具有足够的灵活性,既可供缺乏神经心理学测验、先进的影像技术和脑脊液检查措施的普通医务人员使用,也可供具备上述措施的科研、临床试验的专业研究者使用。新的标准广泛适用于各种原因的痴呆以及专门针对AD痴呆的标准,保留了1984年版标准中的“很可能的AD痴呆”的总体框架。在过去27年的经验基础上,工作组对临床诊断标准做了一些修改,保留了“可能的AD痴呆”的术语,但对其进行了更有针对性的重新定义。在科研用的“很可能的和可能的AD痴呆”的诊断标准中纳入了生物标志物证据。AD痴呆的核心临床标准仍将是临床实践中诊断的基础,但用生物标志物证据来提高AD痴呆诊断的病理生理学特异性也被人们寄予厚望。要实现AD痴呆的生物标志物诊断,还有许多工作摆在面前。 | McKhann GM Knopman DS Chertkow H Hyman BT Jack CR Jr Kawas CH Klunk WE Koroshetz WJ Manly J J Mayeux R Mohs RC Morris JC Rossor MN Scheltens P Carrillo MC Thies B Weintraub S Phelps CH 贾建平(译) 陆璐(译) 张逸驰(译) 黄丽(译) 韩阅(译) | 2012 | 中华神经科杂志2012，45，5： | 52 |
| 3 | Residual renal function in peritoneal dialysis with failed allograft and minimum immunosuppression显示文摘Immunosuppression(IS) is often withdrawn in patients with end stage renal disease secondary to a failed renal allograft, and this can lead to an accelerated loss of residual renal function(RRF). As maintenance of RRF appears to provide a survival benefit to peritoneal dialysis(PD) patients, it is not clear whether this benefit of maintaining RRF in failed allograft patients returning to PD outweigh the risks of maintaining IS. A 49 year-old Caucasian male developed progressive allograft failure nine years after living-donor renal transplantation. Hemodialysis was initiated via tunneled dialysis catheter(TDC) and IS was gradually withdrawn. Two weeksafter IS withdrawal he developed a febrile illness, which necessitate removal of the TDC and conversion to PD. He was maintained on small dose of tacrolimus(1 mg/d) and prednisone(5 mg/d). Currently(1 year later) he is doing exceedingly well on cycler-assisted PD. Residual urine output ranges between 600-1200 m L/d. Total weekly Kt/V achieved 1.82. RRF remained well preserved in this patient with failed renal allograft with minimal immunosuppressive therapy. This strategy will need further study in well-defined cohorts of PD patients with failed allografts and residual RRF to determine efficacy and safety. | Nadear Elmahi éva Csongrádi Kenneth Kokko Jack R Lewin Jamie Davison Tibor Fülp | 2013 | World Journal of Transplantation2013，3，2： | 5 |
| 4 | Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Wendy S Atkin Rob Edwards Ines Kralj-Hans Kate Wooldrage Andrew R Hart John MA Northover D Max Parkin Jane Wardle Stephen W Duffy Jack Cuzick | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9726： | 4 |
| 5 | Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer’s pathological cascade显示文摘 | Clifford R Jack David S Knopman William J Jagust Leslie M Shaw Paul S Aisen Michael W Weiner Ronald C Petersen John Q Trojanowski | 2010 | Lancet Neurology2010，，1： | 4 |
| 6 | Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Wendy S Atkin Rob Edwards Ines Kralj-Hans Kate Wooldrage Andrew R Hart John MA Northover D Max Parkin Jane Wardle Stephen W Duffy Jack Cuzick | 2010 | 2010 (9726)2010，，9726： | 3 |
| 7 | Age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factor profile:A pooled analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes(T2D)in younger adults,an increasingly common public health issue,is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality,which may be due to a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile in individuals diagnosed at a younger age.AIM To investigate the association between age at diagnosis and the cardiovascular risk profile in adults with T2D.METHODS A pooled dataset was used,comprised of data from five previous studies of adults with T2D,including 1409 participants of whom 196 were diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 years.Anthropometric and blood biomarker measurements included body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,body fat percentage,glycaemic control(HbA1c),lipid profile and blood pressure.Univariable and multivariable linear regression models,adjusted for diabetes duration,sex,ethnicity and smoking status,were used to investigate the association between age at diagnosis and each cardiovascular risk factor.RESULTS A higher proportion of participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 were female,current smokers and treated with glucose-lowering medications,compared to participants diagnosed later in life.Participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 also had higher body weight,BMI,waist circumference and body fat percentage,in addition to a more adverse lipid profile,compared to participants diagnosed at an older age.Modelling results showed that each one year reduction in age at diagnosis was significantly associated with 0.67 kg higher body weight[95%confidence interval(CI):0.52-0.82 kg],0.18 kg/m^(2) higher BMI(95%CI:0.10-0.25)and 0.32 cm higher waist circumference(95%CI:0.14-0.49),after adjustment for duration of diabetes and other confounders.Younger age at diagnosis was also significantly associated with higher HbA1c,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of T2D earlier in life is associated with a worse cardiovascular risk factor profile,compared to those diagnosed later in life. | Mary M Barker Francesco Zaccardi Emer M Brady Gaurav S Gulsin Andrew P Hall Joseph Henson Zin ZinHtike Kamlesh Khunti Gerald P McCann Emma L Redman David R Webb Emma G Wilmot Tom Yates Jian Yeo Melanie J Davies Jack A Sargeant | 2022 | World Journal of Diabetes2022，13，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Increasing diabetes self-management education in community settings显示文摘 | Susan L Norris Phyllis J Nichols Carl J Caspersen Russell E Glasgow Michael M Engelgau Leonard Jack Susan R Snyder Vilma G Carande-Kulis George Isham Sanford Garfield Peter Briss David McCulloch | 2002 | American Journal of Preventive Medicine2002，，4： | 2 |
| 9 | Vulvar granular cell tumor显示文摘Granular cell tumors are rare,usually benign,soft tissue neoplasms of neural origin.They occur more often in females than males,the peak age incidence is in the fourth through fifth decades.They can occur anywhere in the body with up to 15% situated in the vulva.The commonest presentation is as an asymptomatic mass.Microscopic findings are usually sufficient,but immunohistochemistry can also be helpful in confirming the diagnosis.The vulvar tumors are benign in 98% of cases with 2% reported as malignant.In this case report we describe a woman with a granular cell tumor confirmed by biopsy who underwent excision of the mass but with focal extension to the resection margin on microscopy.Our recommendation of re-excision was declined.Since it is not uncommon with these tumors to find groups of tumor cells extending beyond the macroscopic limits of growth,we conclude that it is advisable to have margins assessed intraoperatively by frozen section such that further excision can be performed for positive margins.Our patient has been followed for 18 mo without recurrence,should the tumor recur,re-excision,with frozen section control,is indicated.Recurrence rates are reported as 2%-8% with clear margins and 20% with positive margins. | Michel E Rivlin G Rodney Meeks Mohamed A Ghafar Jack R Lewin | 2013 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2013，1，4： | 2 |
| 10 | Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Wendy S Atkin Rob Edwards Ines Kralj-Hans Kate Wooldrage Andrew R Hart John MA Northover D Max Parkin Jane Wardle Stephen W Duffy Jack Cuzick | 2010 | The Lancet . 2010 (9726)2010，，： | 2 |
| 11 | Microcup displays: Electronic paper by roll-to-roll manufacturing processes显示文摘 | Liang R C Jack Hou Hongmei Zang | 2003 | Journal of the SID2003，，： | 2 |
| 12 | External corrosion of line pipe-A summary of research activities performed since 1983显示文摘 | Thomas R Jack Martyn J Wilmott | 1995 | Corrosion1995，51，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Work,family and health:the expanding role of EAP professionals显示文摘 | BEACH R H STEVEN MARTIN K JACK | 1995 | Employee Counselling Today1995，7，4： | 1 |
| 14 | An object-oriented random number package with many long streams and substreams显示文摘 | L’ECUYER P Simard R Jack C | 2002 | Operations Research2002，，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Lipopolysaccharidebinding protein is required to combat a murine gram-negative bacterialinfection显示文摘 | Jack R S Fan X Bernheiden M | 1997 | Nature1997，389，6652： | 1 |
| 16 | Biological souring and mitigation in oil reservoirs 显示文摘 | Gieg L M Jack T R Foght J M | 2011 | Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology2011，92，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Virtual reality-augmented rehabili- tation following stroke 显示文摘 | Jack D Boian R | 2002 | Phys Ther2002，82，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Peripheral neuropathy and the risk of cardio- vascularevents in type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘 | Jack R W Brownrigg Matthew M Thompson 1 Kausik K Ray | 2014 | Cardiac risk factors and prevention2014，，100： | 1 |
| 19 | Tectonostratigraphic development of the Interior Sudan Rifts,Central Africa显示文摘 | TIM R Mchargue TOM L Heidrick JACK E Livingston | 1992 | Tectonophysics1992，21，3： | 1 |
| 20 | 显示文摘 | David R P Jack W | 1998 | Journal of the Electrochemical Society1998，145，5： | 1 |
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