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| 1 | ‘Outbreak Gold Standard’Selection to Provide Optimized Threshold for Infectious Diseases Early-alert Based on China Infectious Disease Automated-alert and Response System显示文摘The China Infectious Disease Automated-alert and Response System(CIDARS) was successfully implemented and became operational nationwide in 2008. The CIDARS plays an important role in and has been integrated into the routine outbreak monitoring efforts of the Center for Disease Control(CDC) at all levels in China. In the CIDARS, thresholds are determined using the ?Mean+2SD? in the early stage which have limitations. This study compared the performance of optimized thresholds defined using the ?Mean +2SD? method to the performance of 5 novel algorithms to select optimal ?Outbreak Gold Standard(OGS)? and corresponding thresholds for outbreak detection. Data for infectious disease were organized by calendar week and year. The ?Mean+2 SD?, C1, C2, moving average(MA), seasonal model(SM), and cumulative sum(CUSUM) algorithms were applied. Outbreak signals for the predicted value(Px) were calculated using a percentile-based moving window. When the outbreak signals generated by an algorithm were in line with a Px generated outbreak signal for each week, this Px was then defined as the optimized threshold for that algorithm. In this study, six infectious diseases were selected and classified into TYPE A(chickenpox and mumps), TYPE B(influenza and rubella) and TYPE C [hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD) and scarlet fever]. Optimized thresholds for chickenpox(P_(55)), mumps(P_(50)), influenza(P_(40), P_(55), and P_(75)), rubella(P_(45) and P_(75)), HFMD(P_(65) and P_(70)), and scarlet fever(P_(75) and P_(80)) were identified. The C1, C2, CUSUM, SM, and MA algorithms were appropriate for TYPE A. All 6 algorithms were appropriate for TYPE B. C1 and CUSUM algorithms were appropriate for TYPE C. It is critical to incorporate more flexible algorithms as OGS into the CIDRAS and to identify the proper OGS and corresponding recommended optimized threshold by different infectious disease types. | 王瑞平 姜永根 赵根明 郭晓芹 Engelgau Michael | 2017 | Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences)2017，37，6： | 4 |
| 2 | Increasing diabetes self-management education in community settings显示文摘 | Susan L Norris Phyllis J Nichols Carl J Caspersen Russell E Glasgow Michael M Engelgau Leonard Jack Susan R Snyder Vilma G Carande-Kulis George Isham Sanford Garfield Peter Briss David McCulloch | 2002 | American Journal of Preventive Medicine2002，，4： | 2 |
| 3 | Effectiveness of self-management training in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials显示文摘 | Norris SL Engelgau MM | 2001 | Diabetes Care2001，24，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Effectiveness of self-management trainingin type 2 diabetes:a systematic review of randomized controlled trials显示文摘 | Norris SL Engelgau MM Narayan KM | 2001 | DiabetesCare2001，24，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Type 2 diabetes among north American ehidren and adolescents:an epidemiologic review and public health perspective显示文摘 | Fagot-Campagna A Pettitt DJ Engelgau MM | 2000 | J Pediatr2000，136，： | 1 |
| 6 | Effectiveness of selfmanagement training in type 2 diabetes:a systematic review of randomized controlled trials 显示文摘 | Norris SL Engelgau MM Narayan KM | 2001 | Diabetes Care2001，24，3： | 1 |
| 7 | complications of diabetes in eklerly People 显示文摘 | Gregg EW Engelgau MM Narayan V | 2002 | BMJ2002，325，7370： | 1 |
| 8 | Measuring progress toward achieving hemoglobin Alc goals in diabetes care: pass/fail or partial credit显示文摘 | Pogach L Engelgau M Aron D | 2007 | JAMA2007，297，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Effectiveness of self- management training in type 2 diabetes: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials显示文摘 | Norris S L Engelgau M M Narayan K M | 2001 | Diabetes Care2001，24，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Effectiveness of self-management training in type 2 diabetes:a systematic review of randomized control trials显示文摘 | Norris SL Engelgau MM Narayan KM | 2001 | Diabetes Care2001，24，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Elevated blood pressure among US adults with diabetes,1988-1994显示文摘 | Geiss LS Rolka DB Engelgau MML | 2002 | Am J Prev Med2002，22，： | 1 |
| 12 | Type 2 diabetes among North American children and adolescents:an epidemiologic review and a public health perspective显示文摘 | Fagot-Campagna A Pettitt DJ Engelgau MM | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 13 | Type 2 diabetes among North American children and adolescents: an epidemiologic review and a public health perspeetive 显示文摘 | Fagot-Campagna A Pettitt DJ Engelgau MM | 2000 | J Pedi- atr2000，136，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Effectiveness of Self-Management Training in Type 2 Diabetes:A systematic review of randomized controlled trials 显示文摘 | Susan L Norris Michael M Engelgau KM Venkat Narayan | 2001 | Diabetes Care2001，24，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Effectiveness of self management training in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials 显示文摘 | Norris SL Engelgau MM Narayan KM | 2001 | Diabetes Care2001，24，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Effeectiveness of self-management training in type 2 diabetes:a systematic review of randomized controlled trials 显示文摘 | Norris SL Engelgau MM Narany an KM | 2001 | Diabetes care2001，24，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Chronic kidney disease: a public health problem that needs a public health action plan显示文摘 | Schoolwerth AC Engelgau MM Hostetter TH | 2006 | Prey Chronic Dis2006，3，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Type 2 diabets among North American children and adolescents:an epidemiologic review and a public health perspective显示文摘 | Fagot-campagna A Pettiet DJ Engelgau MM | 2000 | J Pediatr2000，136，： | 1 |
| 19 | Type 2 diabetes among North adolescents: an epidemiologic health perspective显示文摘 | Fagot-Campagna A Pettitt D Engelgau M | 2000 | Journal of Pediatrics2000，136，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Diabetes meUitus in Egypt: glycaemic control and microvascular and neuropathic complications显示文摘 | HERMAN WH AUBERT RE ENGELGAU MM | 1998 | Diabet Med1998，15，： | 1 |
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