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| 1 | Modification of nitrifying biofilm into nitritating one by combination of increased free ammonia concentrations, lowered HRT and dissolved oxygen concentration显示文摘Nitrifying biomass on ring-shaped carriers was modified to nitritating one in a relatively short period of time (37 days) by limiting the air supply, changing the aeration regime, shortening the hydraulic retention time and increasing free ammonia (FA) concentration in the moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). The most efficient strategy for the development and maintenance of nitritating biofilm was found to be the inhibition of nitrifying activity by higher FA concentrations (up to 6.5 mg/L) in the process. Reject water from sludge treatment from the Tallinn Wastewater Treatment Plant was used as substrate in the MBBR. The performance of high-surfaced biocarriers taken from the nitritating activity MBBR was further studied in batch tests to investigate nitritation and nitrification kinetics with various FA concentrations and temperatures. The maximum nitrite accumulation ratio (96.6%) expressed as the percentage of NO 2 -N/NOx -N was achieved for FA concentration of 70 mg/L at 36°C. Under the same conditions the specific nitrite oxidation rate achieved was 30 times lower than the specific nitrite formation rate. It was demonstrated that in the biofilm system, inhibition by FA combined with the optimization of the main control parameters is a good strategy to achieve nitritating activity and suppress nitrification. | Ivar Zekker Ergo Rikmann Toomas Tenno Anne Menert Vallo Lemmiksoo Alar Saluste Taavo Tenno Martin Tomingas | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，7： | 13 |
| 2 | Particle flow code simulation of intact and fissured granitic rock samples显示文摘This study presents a calibration process of three-dimensional particle flow code(PFC3D)simulation of intact and fissured granite samples.First,laboratory stressestrain response from triaxial testing of intact and fissured granite samples is recalled.Then,PFC3D is introduced,with focus on the bonded particle models(BPM).After that,we present previous studies where intact rock is simulated by means of flatjoint approaches,and how improved accuracy was gained with the help of parametric studies.Then,models of the pre-fissured rock specimens were generated,including modeled fissures in the form of“smooth joint”type contacts.Finally,triaxial testing simulations of 1 t 2 and 2 t 3 jointed rock specimens were performed.Results show that both elastic behavior and the peak strength levels are closely matched,without any additional fine tuning of micro-mechanical parameters.Concerning the postfailure behavior,models reproduce the trends of decreasing dilation with increasing confinement and plasticity.However,the dilation values simulated are larger than those observed in practice.This is attributed to the difficulty in modeling some phenomena of fissured rock behaviors,such as rock piece corner crushing with dust production and interactions between newly formed shear bands or axial splitting cracks with pre-existing joints. | Uxía Castro-Filgueira Leandro R.Alejano Diego Mas Ivars | 2020 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2020，12，5： | 10 |
| 3 | Emerging blood-based biomarkers for detection of gastric cancer显示文摘Early detection and efficient monitoring of tumor dynamics are prerequisites for reducing disease burden and mortality, and for improving the management of patients with gastric cancer(GC). Blood-based biomarker assays for the detection of early-stage GC could be of great relevance both for population-wide or risk groupbased screening programs, while circulating biomarkers that reflect the genetic make-up and dynamics of the tumor would allow monitoring of treatment efficacy, predict recurrences and assess the genetic heterogeneity of the tumor. Recent research to identify blood-based biomarkers of GC has resulted in the identification of a wide variety of cancer-associated molecules, including various proteins, autoantibodies against tumor associated antigens, cell-free DNA fragments, m RNAs and various non-coding RNAs, circulating tumor cells and cancer-derived extracellular vesicles. Each type of these biomarkers provides different information on the disease status, has different advantages and disadvantages, and distinct clinical usefulness. In the current review, we summarize the recent developments in blood-based GC biomarker discovery, discuss the origin of various types of biomarkers and their clinical usefulness and the technological challenges in the development of biomarker assays for clinical use. | Zane Kalnina Irēna Meistere Ilze Kikuste Ivars Tolmanis Pawel Zayakin Aija Linē | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，41： | 7 |
| 4 | Impact of stress on solute transport in a fracture network: A comparison study显示文摘This paper compares numerical modeling of the effect of stress on solute transport (advection and matrix diffusion) in fractured rocks in which fracture apertures are correlated with fracture lengths. It is mainly motivated by the performance and safety assessments of underground radioactive waste repositories. Five research teams used different approaches to model stress/deformation, flow and transport processes, based on either discrete fracture network or equivalent continuum models. The simulation results derived by various teams generally demonstrated that rock stresses could significantly influence solute transport processes through stress-induced changes in fracture apertures and associated changes in permeability. Reasonably good agreement was achieved regarding advection and matrix diffusion given the same fracture network, while some observed discrepancies could be explained by different mechanical or transport modeling approaches. | Zhihong Zhao Jonny Rutqvist Colin Leung Milan Hokr Quansheng Liu Ivars Neretnieks Andrew Hoch Jirí Havlíek Yuan Wang Zhen Wang Yuexiu Wu Robert Zimmerman | 2013 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2013，5，2： | 6 |
| 5 | Evaluation of hydrodynamic dispersion parameters in fractured rocks显示文摘A numerical procedure to determine the equivalent hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients and Péclet number(Pe) of a fractured rock is presented using random walk particle tracking method.The geometrical effects of fracture system on hydrodynamic dispersion are studied.The results obtained from the proposed method agree well with those of empirical models,which are the scale-dependent hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients in an asymptotic or exponential form.A variance case is added to investigate the influence of longitudinal hydrodynamic dispersion in individual fractures on the macro-hydrodynamic dispersion at the fracture network scale,and its influence is demonstrated with a verification example.In addition,we investigate the influences of directional flow and stress conditions on the behavior of hydrodynamic dispersion in fracture networks.The results show that the magnitudes of the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients are relatively smaller when the flow direction is parallel to the dip directions of fracture sets.Compressive stresses significantly reduce hydrodynamic dispersion.However,the remaining questions are:(1) whether the deformed fracture network under high stress conditions may make the scale-dependent hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients have asymptotic or exponential forms,and(2) what the conditions for existence of a well-defined equivalent hydrodynamic dispersion tensor are.They need to be further investigated. | Zhihong Zhao Lanru Jing Ivars Neretnieks | 2010 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2010，2，3： | 5 |
| 6 | 中国的酸化问题——一项基于重庆—广州森林监测点研究结果的评估显示文摘中国经济的快速增长一直伴随着污染的加剧。本文在现场观测和文献研究的基础上讨论了酸性降水及其先兆的范围和影响。目前酸性降水的主要原因是二氧化硫的排放,但氮氧化物的排放也在增加。中国污染最严重地区的硫化合物沉降比东欧和中欧经受严重污染的地区要高。中国南部很多地区的土壤和土壤水看来已经被酸化。这些地区的污染已经影响了森林和其他植物的生命力,特别是在位于和靠近城市地区的地方。地表水的酸化似乎在近期不会成为主要的区域性问题,但一些地区的河流,目前虽仅接受少量的酸沉降,却对酸化显得较敏感。 | Hans M. Seip Per Aagaard Valter Angell Odd Eilertsen ThorjφrnLarssen Espen Lydersen Jan Mulder Ivar P. Muniz Arne Semb 汤大钢 Rolf D. Vogt 肖劲松 赵大为 孔国辉 岳欣 | 1999 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志1999，28，6： | 5 |
| 7 | Liver Transplantation for Nonresectable Liver Metastases From Colorectal Cancer显示文摘 | Morten Hagness Aksel Foss P?l-Dag Line Tim Scholz P?l Foyn J?rgensen Bjarte Fosby Kirsten Muri Boberg ?ystein Mathisen Ivar P. Gladhaug Tor Skatvedt Egge Steinar Solberg John Hausken Svein Dueland | 2013 | Annals of Surgery2013，，5： | 4 |
| 8 | What determines Chinese outward FDI?显示文摘 | Ivar Kolstad Arne Wiig | 2010 | Journal of World Business2010，，1： | 4 |
| 9 | RESERVOIR DESCRIPTION BY USING A PIECEWISE CONSTANT LEVEL SET METHOD显示文摘我们在二阶段的多孔的媒介流动考虑渗透评价问题。我们试着由两个都象转换地震数据一样从井利用生产数据识别渗透领域。渗透地被假定是片明智的常数,或罐头被一片接近很好明智的经常的功能。水平的变体设置了方法,叫的 Piecewise 经常的水平集合方法被用来与不同渗透层次代表在这些区域之间的接口。反的问题被最小化解决一功能,并且电视标准规则化被用来处理 ill-posedness。我们也使用切开操作员的技术从忠实术语分解限制术语。这给我们更多的灵活性处理限制和帮助稳定算法。 | Hongwei Li Center for Integrated Petroleum Research,University of Bergen,Norway Department of Mathematics,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100037,China Xuecheng Tai Department of Mathematics,University of Bergen,Norway Division of Mathematical Sciences,School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore Sigurd Ivar Aanonsen Center for Integrated Petroleum Research,University of Bergen,Norway Department of Mathematics,University of Bergen,Norway | 2008 | Journal of Computational Mathematics2008，26，3： | 3 |
| 10 | Combining population genomics and ecological niche modeling to assess taxon limits between Carex jemtlandica and C. lepidocarpa显示文摘Carex section Ceratocystis(Cyperaceae)is a group of recently evolved plant species,in which hybridization is frequent,introgression is documented,taxonomy is complex,and morphological boundaries are vague.Within this section,a unified taxonomic treatment of the Carex jemtlandica-Carex lepidocarpa species complex does not exist,and Norway may currently be the sole country accepting species rank for both.Carex jemtlandica is mainly confined to Fennoscandia and is thus a Fennoscandian conservation responsibility.This motivated us to test the principal hypothesis that both C jemtlandica and C lepidocarpa represent evolutionary significant units,and that both deserve their current recognition at species level.We investigated their evolutionary distinctiveness in Norway,using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing and ecological niche modeling.Our genomic results reveal two genetic clusters,largely corresponding to C jemtlandica and C lepidocarpa that also remain distinct in sympatry,despite clear indications of ongoing hybridization and introgression.The ecological niche modeling suggests that they occupy different environmental niches.Jointly,our results clearly show that C.jemtlandica and C lepidocarpa represent separately evolving entities that should qualify recognition as evolutionary significant units.Given the high level of introgression compared to other hybridizing species pairs in Carex we recommend treating C jemtlandica as a subspecies of C lepidocarpa. | Malene Nygaard Petri Kemppainen James D.M.Speed Reidar Elven Kjell Ivar Flatberg Leif P.Galten Narjes Yousefi Heidi Solstad Mika Bendiksby | 2021 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2021，59，4： | 3 |
| 11 | Laparoscopic resection of exocrine carcinoma in central and distal pancreas results in a high rate of radical resections and long postoperative survival显示文摘 | Irina Pavlik Marangos Trond Buanes B?rd I. R?sok Airazat M. Kazaryan Arne R. Rosseland Krzysztof Grzyb Olaug Villanger ?ystein Mathisen Ivar P. Gladhaug Bj?rn Edwin | 2012 | Surgery2012，，5： | 3 |
| 12 | Intramedullary Nails Result in More Reoperations Than Sliding Hip Screws in Two-part Intertrochanteric Fractures显示文摘 | Kjell Matre Leif Ivar Havelin Jan-Erik Gjertsen Birgitte Espehaug Jonas Meling Fevang | 2013 | Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research?2013，，4： | 3 |
| 13 | Projected area and drag coefficient of high velocity irregular fragments that rotate or tumble显示文摘3 degrees of freedom(DOF)exterior ballistic computer models are used in fragment studies to calculate individual trajectories of each fragment based on drag coefficient and the projected(presented)area in the direction of velocity of center of mass.The expectation of a randomly distributed projected area is commonly used for fragments that tumble(random rotation)during flight.We forecast a model where the expected drag coefficient is dependent of shape and Mach number.Rotation or tumbling only affects the expected projected area.Models of projected areas during tumbling and rotation are presented.An examination of the data by Mc Cleskey(1988)indicates that the volume of the fragment to the power of2/3 is a better parameter to characterize the drag coefficient of the fragments than the maximum projected area.Hydrocode simulations are used to verify results and to study projected area and drag coefficient of fragments. | John F. Moxnes 0yvind Fr0 yland Ivar J. 0ye Tom I. Brate Eva Friis Gard 0degardstuen Tallak H. Risdal | 2017 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2017，13，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Lumican is increased in experimental and clinical heart failure, and its production by cardiac fibroblasts is induced by mechanical and proinflammatory stimuli显示文摘 | Kristin V. T. Engebretsen Ida G. Lunde Mari E. Strand Anne Waehre Ivar Sjaastad Henriette S. Marstein Biljana Skrbic Christen P. Dahl Erik T. Askevold Geir Christensen Johannes L. Bj?rnstad Theis T?nnessen | 2013 | FEBS J2013，，10： | 2 |
| 15 | The synthetic rock mass approach for jointed rock mass modelling显示文摘 | Diego Mas Ivars Matthew E. Pierce Caroline Darcel Juan Reyes-Montes David O. Potyondy R. Paul Young Peter A. Cundall | 2010 | International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences2010，，2： | 2 |
| 16 | 船舶建造、维护和拆解等方面降低环境影响的技术显示文摘从船舶的建造、维修以及拆解等方面讨论了船舶对于环境的影响。讨论主要的环境问题以及这些领域内已有的和正在进行的技术研发,并对未来的工作提出了建议。 | 吴国凡 Brian Hayman Mario Dogliani Ivar Kvale Annik Magerholm Fet | 2010 | 船海工程2010，39，6： | 2 |
| 17 | Petroleum geoscience in Norden - exploration, production and organization显示文摘 | Anthony M. Spencer Per Ivar Briskeby Lone Dyrmose Christensen Rune Foyn Marie KjФlleberg Erling Kvadsheim Ian Knight Morten Rye-Larsen John Williams | 2008 | Episodes2008，31，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Collective Guilt Makes Conflicting Parties More Collaborative: Quasi-experimental Study of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict显示文摘 | Inna Solomatina Ivars Austers | 2014 | Psychology Research2014，4，4： | 2 |
| 19 | Long-Term Outcome of Laparoscopic Surgery for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors显示文摘 | Sven-Petter Haugvik Irina Pavlik Marangos B?rd Ingvald R?sok Ewa Pomianowska Ivar Prydz Gladhaug ?ystein Mathisen Bj?rn Edwin | 2013 | World Journal of Surgery2013，，3： | 2 |
| 20 | Water inflow into excavations in fractured rock-A three-dimensional hydro-mechanical numerical study 显示文摘 | Ivars D M | 2006 | International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences2006，43，5： | 1 |
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