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| 1 | Hepatitis B and hepatitis C in Pakistan: prevalence and risk factors显示文摘 | Syed Asad Ali Rafe M.J. Donahue Huma Qureshi Sten H. Vermund | 2008 | International Journal of Infectious Diseases2008，，1： | 1 |
| 2 | Flavonoid and cardenolide glycosides and a pentacyclic triterpene from the leaves of Nerium oleander and evaluation of cytotoxicity显示文摘 | Bina Shaheen Siddiqui Nasima Khatoon Sabira Begum Ahsana Dar Farooq Kehkashan Qamar Huma Aslam Bhatti Syed Kashif Ali | 2012 | Phytochemistry2012，，： | 1 |
| 3 | Quality assessment and dissolution profile comparison studies on 250-mg mefenamic acid tablets available in local market of Karachi显示文摘In the present study, we aimed to determine the quality of different brands(Test1–Test6) of mefenamic acid, which are commercially available in local market of Karachi, Pakistan. Various quality evaluation tests, including weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability, disintegration, assay and drug release, were carried out. Results were found to be in acceptable limits. Moreover, release profiles were compared using different dissolution media, such as phosphate buffer pH 6.8, 7.4 and biorelevant media(FaSSGF, FaSSIF, FeSSIF and SCoF). Release profiles at pH 6.8 and 7.4 were evaluated by one--way ANOVA, model-independent and model--dependent methods. Results of ANOVA showed that no significant difference was found among tester and reference brands(Test1–Test6). Similarly, all the brands were found to be best fitted with Weibull model. | Farya Zafar Huma Ali Shabana Naz Shah Safila Naveed Shehla Siddiqui | 2015 | Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences2015，24，10： | 0 |
| 4 | Signaling mechanisms mediated by G-protein coupled receptors in human platelets显示文摘AIM: The present study deals with the investigation of mechanisms involved in the synergistic interaction between epinephrine and arachidonic acid (AA). METHODS: Venous blood was taken from healthy human volunteers reported to be free of medications for one week. Platelet aggregation was monitored at 37oC using Dual-channel Lumi-aggregometer. The resulting aggregation was recorded for 5 min by the measurement of light transmission as a function of time. RESULTS: The data show that a synergism in platelet aggregation mediated by subthreshold concentrations of epinephrine (1 μmol/L) and AA (0.2 μmol/L) was inhibited by the α2-receptor antagonist (yohimbine, IC50=0.6 μmol/L) and an inhibitor of AA-cyclooxygenase (COX), indomethacin (IC50=0.25 μmol/L). In examining receptor influence on intraplatelet signalling pathways, it was found that the synergistic effect was inhibited by calcium channel blockers, verapamil (IC50=0.4 μmol/L) and diltiazem (IC50=2.5 μmol/L), as well as by low concentrations of inhibitors of phospholipase C (PLC) (U73122; IC50=0.2 μmol/L) and mitogens activated protein kinase (MAPK) (PD 98059; IC50=3.8 μmol/L). Herbimycin A, a specific inhibitor of tyrosine light chain kinase (TLCK), showed inhibition at IC50 value of 15 μmol/L, whereas chelerythrine, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, had no effect up to 20 μmol/L. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that synergism between epinephrine and AA in platelet aggregation is triggered through receptors coupled to G-protein, which in turn, activate PLC, COX, and MAP kinase-signaling pathways. | Sheikh Arshad SAEED Huma RASHEED Faisal A Wahed FECTO Mohammad Ilyas ACHAKZAI Rahmat ALI John Dennis CONNOR Anwar-ul-Hassan GILANI | 2004 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2004，25，7： | 0 |
| 5 | Detection of oxidative stress and DNA damage in freshwater snail Lymnea leuteola exposed to profenofos显示文摘Extensive production and use of organophosphate pesticide in agriculture,has risen concerned about its ecotoxicity and risk assessment of insecticides,which are more important.Therefore,the present investigation was aimed to study the induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage by organophosphate insecticide profenofos(PFF)in freshwater snail Lymnea luteola(L.luteola).The median lethal value(96 h LC50)of PFF was estimated as 1.26 mg/L for L.luteola in a semi-static system and on the basis of LC50 value three concentrations viz.,0.126(1/10 of LC50,Sublethal I),0.63(1/2 of LC50,Sublethal II)and 0.84 mg/L(2/3 of LC50,Sublethal III)were determined.Snails were exposed to above-mentioned concentrations of PFF along with solvent control(acetone)and negative control for 96 h.The haemolymph was collected at 24 and 96 h of after treatment.In heamolymph of PFF exposed snail,lipid peroxide,glutathione reduced glutathione S transferase and superoxide dismutase activities at the tested concentrations significantly differ from those in the control.The genotoxicity induced in hemocytes of treated snails was measured by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay.The data of this experiment demonstrated significantly enhancement of oxidative stress and DNA damage in the treated snails as compared to controls.Also,we observed statistically significant correlations of ROS with DNA damage(%tail DNA)(R^(2)=0.9708)for 24 h and DNA damage(R^(2)=0.9665)for 96 h.Results of the current experiment can be useful in risk evaluation of PFF among aquatic organisms.The study confirmed the use of comet assay for in vivo laboratory experiments using freshwater snail for selecting the toxic potential of industrial chemicals and environmental contaminants. | Daoud Ali Huma Ali Saud Alifiri Saad Alkahtani Abdullah A Alkahtane Shaik Althaf Huasain | 2018 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2018，12，5： | 0 |
| 6 | Genomic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan显示文摘COVID-19 has swept globally and Pakistan is no exception.To investigate the initial introductions and transmissions of the SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan,we performed the largest genomic epidemiology study of COVID-19 in Pakistan and generated 150 complete SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from samples collected from March 16 to June 1,2020.We identified a total of 347 mutated positions,31 of which were over-represented in Pakistan.Meanwhile,we found over 1000 intra-host single-nucleotide variants(iSNVs).Several of them occurred concurrently,indicating possible interactions among them or coevolution.Some of the high-frequency iSNVs in Pakistan were not observed in the global population,suggesting strong purifying selections.The genomic epidemiology revealed five distinctive spreading clusters.The largest cluster consisted of 74 viruses which were derived from different geographic locations of Pakistan and formed a deep hierarchical structure,indicating an extensive and persistent nation-wide transmission of the virus that was probably attributed to a signature mutation(G8371T in ORF1ab)of this cluster.Furthermore,28 putative international introductions were identified,several of which are consistent with the epidemiological investigations.In all,this study has inferred the possible pathways of introductions and transmissions of SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan,which could aid ongoing and future viral surveillance and COVID-19 control. | Shuhui Song Cuiping Li Lu Kang Dongmei Tian Nazish Badar Wentai Ma Shilei Zhao Xuan Jiang Chun Wang Yongqiao Sun Wenjie Li Meng Lei Shuangli Li Qiuhui Qi Aamer Ikram Muhammad Salman Massab Umair Huma Shireen Fatima Batool Bing Zhang Hua Chen Yun-Gui Yang Amir Ali Abbasi Mingkun Li Yongbiao Xue Yiming Bao | 2021 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2021，19，5： | 0 |
| 7 | Analytical Model for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network Energy Consumption Reduction显示文摘In an Underwater Wireless Sensor Network(UWSN),extreme energy loss is carried out by the early expiration of sensor nodes and causes a reduction in efficiency in the submerged acoustic sensor system.Systems based on clustering strategies,instead of each node sending information by itself,utilize cluster heads to collect information inside the clusters for forwarding collective information to sink.This can effectively minimize the total energy loss during transmission.The environment of UWSN is 3D architecture-based and follows a complex hierarchical clustering strategy involving its most effecting unique parameters such as propagation delay and limited transmission bandwidth.Round base clustering strategy works in rounds,where each round comprises three fundamental stages:cluster head selection,grouping or node association,and data aggregation followed by forwarding data to the sink.In UWSN,the energy consumed during the formation of clusters has been considered casually or completely evaded in the previous works.In this paper,the cluster head setup period has been considered the main contributor to extra energy utilizer.A numerical channel model is proposed to compute extra energy.It is performed by using a UWSN broad model.The results have shown that extra maximum energy consumption is approximately 12.9 percent of the system total energy consumed in information transmissions. | Huma Hasan Rizvi Sadiq Ali Khan Rabia Noor Enam Kashif Nisar Muhammad Reazul Haque | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，7： | 0 |
| 8 | Quercetin attenuates the development of 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene(DMBA) and croton oil-induced skin cancer in mice显示文摘To evaluate the chemopreventive potential of quercetin in an experimental skin carcinogenesis mouse model.Skin tumor was induced by topical application of 7,12-dimethyl Benz(a) anthracene(DMBA) and Croton oil in Swiss albino mouse.Quercetin was orally administered at a concentration of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight daily for 16 weeks in mouse to evaluate chemopreventive potential.Skin cancer was assessed by histopathological analysis.We found that quercetin reduced the tumor size and the cumulative number of papillomas.The mean latent period was significantly increased as compared to carcinogen treated controls.Quercetin significantly decreased the serum levels of glutamate oxalate transaminase,glutamate pyruvate transaminase,alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin.It significantly increased the levels of glutathione,superoxide dismutase and catalase.The elevated level of lipid peroxides in the control group was significantly inhibited by quercetin.Futhermore,DNA damage was significantly decreased in quercetin treated mice as compared to DMBA and croton oil treated mice.The results suggest that quercetin exerts chemopreventive effect on DMBA and croton oil induced skin cancer in mice by increasing antioxidant activities. | Huma Ali Savita Dixit | 2015 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2015，29，2： | 0 |
| 9 | Neural Machine Translation Models with Attention-Based Dropout Layer显示文摘In bilingual translation,attention-based Neural Machine Translation(NMT)models are used to achieve synchrony between input and output sequences and the notion of alignment.NMT model has obtained state-of-the-art performance for several language pairs.However,there has been little work exploring useful architectures for Urdu-to-English machine translation.We conducted extensive Urdu-to-English translation experiments using Long short-term memory(LSTM)/Bidirectional recurrent neural networks(Bi-RNN)/Statistical recurrent unit(SRU)/Gated recurrent unit(GRU)/Convolutional neural network(CNN)and Transformer.Experimental results show that Bi-RNN and LSTM with attention mechanism trained iteratively,with a scalable data set,make precise predictions on unseen data.The trained models yielded competitive results by achieving 62.6%and 61%accuracy and 49.67 and 47.14 BLEU scores,respectively.From a qualitative perspective,the translation of the test sets was examined manually,and it was observed that trained models tend to produce repetitive output more frequently.The attention score produced by Bi-RNN and LSTM produced clear alignment,while GRU showed incorrect translation for words,poor alignment and lack of a clear structure.Therefore,we considered refining the attention-based models by defining an additional attention-based dropout layer.Attention dropout fixes alignment errors and minimizes translation errors at the word level.After empirical demonstration and comparison with their counterparts,we found improvement in the quality of the resulting translation system and a decrease in the perplexity and over-translation score.The ability of the proposed model was evaluated using Arabic-English and Persian-English datasets as well.We empirically concluded that adding an attention-based dropout layer helps improve GRU,SRU,and Transformer translation and is considerably more efficient in translation quality and speed. | Huma Israr Safdar Abbas Khan Muhammad Ali Tahir Muhammad Khuram Shahzad Muneer Ahmad Jasni Mohamad Zain | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，，5： | 0 |
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