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| 1 | Rhubarb extract partially improves mucosal integrity in chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis显示文摘AIM To investigate the effects of orally gavaged aqueous rhubarb extract(RE) on 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced intestinal mucositis in rats. METHODS Female Dark Agouti rats(n = 8/group) were gavaged daily(1 mL) with water, high-dose RE(HDR; 200 mg/kg) or low-dose RE(LDR; 20mg/kg) for eight days. Intestinal mucositis was induced(day 5) with 5-FU(150 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection. Intestinal tissue samples were collected for myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity and histological examination. Xenopus oocytes expressing aquaporin 4 water channels were prepared to examine the effect of aqueous RE on cell volume, indicating a potential mechanism responsible for modulating net fluid absorption and secretion in the gastrointestinal tract. Statistical significance was assumed at P < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA. RESULTS B o d y w e i g h t w a s s i g n i f i c a n t l y r e d u c e d i n r a t s administered 5-FU compared to healthy controls(P < 0.01). Rats administered 5-FU significantly increased intestinal MPO levels(≥ 307%; P < 0.001), compared to healthy controls. However, LDR attenuated this effect in 5-FU treated rats, significantly decreasing ileal MPO activity(by 45%; P < 0.05), as compared to 5-FU controls. 5-FU significantly reduced intestinal mucosal thickness(by ≥ 29% P < 0.001) as compared to healthy controls. LDR significantly increased ileal mucosal thickness in 5-FU treated rats(19%; P < 0.05) relative to 5-FU controls. In xenopus oocytes expressing AQP4 water channels, RE selectively blocked water influx into the cell, induced by a decrease in external osmotic pressure. As water efflux was unaltered by the presence of extracellular RE, the directional flow of water across the epithelial barrier, in the presence of extracellular RE, indicated that RE may alleviate water loss across the epithelial barrier and promote intestinal health in chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis.CONCLUSION In summary, low dose RE improves selected parameters of mucosal integrity and reduces ileal inflammation, manifesting from 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis. | Juliana E Bajic Georgina L Eden Lorrinne S Lampton Ker Y Cheah Kerry A Lymn Jinxin V Pei Andrea J Yool Gordon S Howarth | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，37： | 3 |
| 2 | A Multidimensional Approach to the Relationship between Mood and Weather 显示文摘 | Howarth E Hoffman M | 1984 | British jour- nal of psychology(1953)1984，，75： | 1 |
| 3 | Perivascular epithelioid cell- neoplasms (PEComas): four malignant cases expanding thehis- topathologicai spectrum and a description of a unique finding显示文摘 | Weinreb I Howarth D Latta E | 2007 | Virchows Arch2007，450，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Nitrogen retention in rivers: model development and application to watersheds in the northeastern U.S.A.显示文摘 | Sybil P. Seitzinger Renée V. Styles Elizabeth W. Boyer Richard B. Alexander Gilles Billen Robert W. Howarth Bernhard Mayer Nico van Breemen | 2002 | Biogeochemistry2002，，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Airway wall remodeling in asthma显示文摘 | Redington E Howarth PH | 1997 | Thorat1997，52，： | 1 |
| 6 | Airway wall remodeling in asthma显示文摘 | Redington E Howarth PH | | 0，，52： | 1 |
| 7 | Relationships between dynamic response characteristics and physical descriptors of catchments in England and Wales显示文摘 | SEFTON C E M HOWARTH S M | 1998 | Journal of Hydrology1998，211，： | 1 |
| 8 | Effects of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ administration on radiation enteritis in rats显示文摘 | Howarth G S Fraser R Frisby C L e al | 1997 | Scand J Gastroenterol1997，32，11： | 1 |
| 9 | Inheritance of tannins in birdfoot trefoil显示文摘 | Dalrymple E J Goplen B P Howarth R E | 1984 | Crop Sci1984，24，： | 1 |
| 10 | 显示文摘 | WALSHE M GARCIA E HOWARTH J SMYTH M R KELLY MARY T | 1997 | Anal Commun1997，34，4： | 1 |
| 11 | A search for conndensed tannins in annual and perennial species of Medicago, Trigonella, and Onohrychis 显示文摘 | Goplen B P Howarth R E Sarkar S K etal | 1980 | Crop Sci1980，20，： | 1 |
| 12 | Soil-plant interactions in a neotropical mangrove forestiron,phosphorus and sulfur dynamics显示文摘 | Sherman R E Fahey T J Howarth R W | 1998 | Oecologia1998，115，： | 1 |
| 13 | Airway Wall Remodelling in Asthma显示文摘 | Redington A E Howarth P H | 1997 | Throax1997，52，4： | 1 |
| 14 | A Multidimensional Approach to the Relationship between Mood and Weather显示文摘 | Howarth E M.S.Hoffman | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Airway wall remodeling in asthma显示文摘 | Redington E Howarth PH | 1997 | Thorax1997，52，： | 1 |
| 16 | Ni-trogen and phosphorus budgets of the North Atlantic O-cean and its watershed显示文摘 | Galloway J N Howarth R W Michaels A E | | 0，，35： | 1 |
| 17 | Influence of iron status on cadmium and zinc uptake by different ecotypes of the hyperaccumulator thlaspi cacrulescens显示文摘 | LOMBI E TEARALL K L HOWARTH J R | 2002 | Plant Physiology2002，128，： | 1 |
| 18 | A search for condensed tannins in annual and perennial species of Medicago, Trigonella and Onobrychis显示文摘 | GOPLEN B P HOWARTH R E SARKAR S K LESINS K | 1980 | Crop Science1980，20，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Dietary fiber and weight regulation 显示文摘 | Howarth N C Saltzman E Roberts S B | 2001 | Nutrition reviews2001，59，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Investigation of ethyl carbamate levels in some fermented foods and alcoholic beverages显示文摘 | DENNIS M J HOWARTH N KEY P E | 1989 | Food Addit Contam1989，6，3： | 1 |
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