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| 1 | Rhubarb extract partially improves mucosal integrity in chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis显示文摘AIM To investigate the effects of orally gavaged aqueous rhubarb extract(RE) on 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced intestinal mucositis in rats. METHODS Female Dark Agouti rats(n = 8/group) were gavaged daily(1 mL) with water, high-dose RE(HDR; 200 mg/kg) or low-dose RE(LDR; 20mg/kg) for eight days. Intestinal mucositis was induced(day 5) with 5-FU(150 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection. Intestinal tissue samples were collected for myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity and histological examination. Xenopus oocytes expressing aquaporin 4 water channels were prepared to examine the effect of aqueous RE on cell volume, indicating a potential mechanism responsible for modulating net fluid absorption and secretion in the gastrointestinal tract. Statistical significance was assumed at P < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA. RESULTS B o d y w e i g h t w a s s i g n i f i c a n t l y r e d u c e d i n r a t s administered 5-FU compared to healthy controls(P < 0.01). Rats administered 5-FU significantly increased intestinal MPO levels(≥ 307%; P < 0.001), compared to healthy controls. However, LDR attenuated this effect in 5-FU treated rats, significantly decreasing ileal MPO activity(by 45%; P < 0.05), as compared to 5-FU controls. 5-FU significantly reduced intestinal mucosal thickness(by ≥ 29% P < 0.001) as compared to healthy controls. LDR significantly increased ileal mucosal thickness in 5-FU treated rats(19%; P < 0.05) relative to 5-FU controls. In xenopus oocytes expressing AQP4 water channels, RE selectively blocked water influx into the cell, induced by a decrease in external osmotic pressure. As water efflux was unaltered by the presence of extracellular RE, the directional flow of water across the epithelial barrier, in the presence of extracellular RE, indicated that RE may alleviate water loss across the epithelial barrier and promote intestinal health in chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis.CONCLUSION In summary, low dose RE improves selected parameters of mucosal integrity and reduces ileal inflammation, manifesting from 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis. | Juliana E Bajic Georgina L Eden Lorrinne S Lampton Ker Y Cheah Kerry A Lymn Jinxin V Pei Andrea J Yool Gordon S Howarth | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，37： | 3 |
| 2 | Procedure for change detection using Landsat digital data 显示文摘 | Howarth J P Wichware G M | 1981 | International Journal of Remote Sensing1981，2，： | 3 |
| 3 | A Comparison of Spatial Feature Extraction Algorithms for Land-Use Classification with SPOT HRV Data显示文摘 | Gong P Marceau D J Howarth P J | 1992 | Remote Sensing of Environment1992，40，： | 1 |
| 4 | Remodeling of the up-per airways in allergic rhinitis:is it a feature of thedisease?显示文摘 | SALIB R J HOWARTH P H | 2003 | Clin Exp Allergy2003，33，： | 1 |
| 5 | A neural networks of carrot tip classification显示文摘 | Brandon J R Howarth M S Searcy S W | 1990 | Trans of the ASAE1990，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Immobilized baker’s yeastreduction of ketones in an ionic liquid, PF6,and watermix显示文摘 | Howarth J James P Dai J F | 2001 | Tetrahedron Letters2001，42，42： | 1 |
| 7 | Effects on male rats of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and di-n-hexylphthalate administered alone or in combination显示文摘 | Howarth J A Price S C Dobrota M | 2001 | Toxicol Lett2001，121，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: Sources and consequences 显示文摘 | VITOUSEK P M ABER J D HOWARTH R W | 1997 | Ecological Applications1997，7，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle:Sources and consequences显示文摘 | Vitousek P M Aber J D Howarth R W | 1997 | Eco Appl1997，7，： | 1 |
| 10 | Gene expression under temperature stress显示文摘 | Howarth C J Ougham H J | 1933 | New Phytol1933，125，： | 1 |
| 11 | Five ways to stay green显示文摘 | THOMAS H HOWARTH C J | 2000 | Journal of Experimental Botany2000，51，： | 1 |
| 12 | Five ways to stay green 显示文摘 | Thomas H Howarth C J | 2000 | J Exp Bot2000，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle:sources and consequences显示文摘 | Vitousek M Aber J D Howarth R W | 1997 | Ecological Applications1997，7，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Controlling eutrophication:nitrogen and phosphorus显示文摘 | Conley D J Paerl H W Howarth R W | 2009 | Science2009，323，5917： | 1 |
| 15 | Strontium Isotope Stratig- raphy:LOWESS Version 3: Best Fit to the Marine Sr - Isotope Curve for 0 - 509 Ma and Accompanying Look - up Table for De- riving Numerical Age 显示文摘 | McArthyr J M Howarth R J Bailey T R | 2001 | Journal of Geology2001，109，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: Sources and consequences 显示文摘 | Vitousek P M Aber J D Howarth R W | 1997 | Ecological Applications1997，7，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Evaluation of the Grey-level Co-occurrences Matrix Method for Land-cover Classification Using SPOT显示文摘 | Marceau D J Howarth P J Dubois J M | 1990 | IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing1990，28，： | 1 |
| 18 | Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle显示文摘 | Vitousek P Aber J Howarth R | 1997 | Ecological Applications1997，7，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Frequency-based Contextual Classification and Grey-level Vector Reduction for Landuse Identification显示文摘 | GONG P HOWARTH P J | 1992 | Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing1992，58，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Sodium borohydride reduction of aldehydes and ketones in the recyclable ionic liquidPF6显示文摘 | Howarth J James P Ryan R | 2001 | Synth Commun2001，31，19： | 1 |
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