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| 1 | Role of live microbial feed supplements with reference to anaerobic fungi in ruminant productivity: A review显示文摘To keep the concept of a safe food supply to the consumers, animal feed industries world over are showing an increasing interest in the direct-fed microbials(DFM) for improved animal performance in terms of growth or productivity. This becomes all the more essential in a situation, where a number of the residues of antibiotics and/or other growth stimulants reach in milk and meat with a number of associated potential risks for the consumers. Hence, in the absence of growth stimulants, a positive manipulation of the rumen microbial ecosystem to enhance the feedstuff utilization for improved production efficiency by ruminants has become of much interest to the researchers and entrepreneurs. A few genera of live microbes(i.e., bacteria, fungi and yeasts in different types of formulations from paste to powder) are infrequently used as DFM for the domestic ruminants. These DFM products are live microbial feed supplements containing naturally occurring microbes in the rumen. Among different DFM possibilities, anaerobic rumen fungi(ARF) based additives have been found to improve ruminant productivity consistently during feeding trials. Administration of ARF during the few trials conducted, led to the increased weight gain, milk production, and total tract digestibility of feed components in ruminants. Anaerobic fungi in the rumen display very strong cell-wall degrading cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities through rhizoid development, resulting in the physical disruption of feed structure paving the way for bacterial action. Significant improvements in the fiber digestibility were found to coincide with increases in ARF in the rumen indicating their role. Most of the researches based on DFM have indicated a positive response in nutrient digestion and methane reducing potential during in vivo and/or in vitro supplementation of ARF as DFM. Therefore, DFM especially ARF will gain popularity but it is necessary that all the strains are thoroughly studied for their beneficial properties to have a confirmed ‘generally regarded as safe' status for ruminants. | Anil K Puniya Abdelfattah Z M Salem Sanjay Kumar Sumit S Dagar Gareth W Griffith Monica Puniya Sreenivas R Ravella Nikhil Kumar Tejpal Dhewa Ravinder Kumar | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 17 |
| 2 | SLC26A4 mutation testing for hearing loss associated with enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct显示文摘Pendred syndrome(PS) is characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance of goiter associated with a defect of iodide organification, hearing loss, enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct(EVA), and mutations of the SLC26A4 gene. However, not all EVA patients have PSor SLC26A4 mutations. Two mutant alleles of SLC26A4 are detected in 1/4 of North American or European EVA populations, one mutant allele is detected in another 1/4 of patient populations, and no mutations are detected in the other 1/2. The presence of two mutant alleles of SLC26A4 is associated with abnormal iodide organification, increased thyroid gland volume, increased severity of hearing loss, and bilateral EVA. The presence of a single mutant allele of SLC26A4 is associated with normal iodide organification, normal thyroid gland volume, less severe hearing loss and either bilateral or unilateral EVA. When other underlying correlations are accounted for, the presence of a cochlear malformation or the size of EVA does not have an effect on hearing thresholds. This is consistent with observations of an Slc26a4 mutant mouse model of EVA in which hearing loss is independent of endolymphatic hydrops or inner ear malformations. Segregation analyses of EVA in families suggest that the patients carrying one mutant allele of SLC26A4 have a second, undetected mutant allele of SLC26A4, and the probability of a sibling having EVA is consistent with its segregation as an autosomal recessive trait. Patients without any mutations are an etiologically heterogeneous group in which siblings have a lower probability of having EVA. SLC26A4 mutation testing can provide prognostic information to guide clinical surveillance and management, as well as the probability of EVA affecting a sibling. | Taku Ito Julie Muskett Parna Chattaraj Byung Yoon Choi Kyu Yup Lee Christopher K Zalewski Kelly A King Xiangming Li Philine Wangemann Thomas Shawker Carmen C Brewer Seth L Alper Andrew J Griffith | 2013 | World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology2013，3，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Ignition, self-heating and conveetion effects during the spontaneous decomposition of methyl nitrate显示文摘 | Griffiths JF Hasegawa K | 1982 | Combustion and Flame1982，45，： | 1 |
| 4 | RhoC-GTPase is a novel tissue biomarker associated with biologically aggressive carcinomas of the breast显示文摘 | Kleer C G Griffith K A Sabel M S | 2005 | Breast Cancer Res Treat2005，93，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Combinatorial infection and in vivo recombination:a strategy for making large phage antibody repertoires 显示文摘 | Waterhouse P Griffiths A D Johnson K S | 1993 | Nucleic Acids Research1993，21，： | 1 |
| 6 | Culture industries, culture clusters and the city: the example of natural history film - making in Bristol显示文摘 | Bassett K Griffiths R Smith I | 2002 | Geoforum2002，33，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Outbursts and mines: A review显示文摘 | Shepherd J Rixon L K geological structure in coal Griffiths L | 1981 | Int J Rock Mech Min Sei Geomeb Abstr1981，18，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Epidermal growth factor as a candidate for ex vivo expansion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cel s显示文摘 | Tamama K Fan VH Griffith LG | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 9 | 显示文摘 | Griffiths C H Eastwood H K | 1974 | J Appl Phys1974，45，： | 1 |
| 10 | Final toxicity results of a radiation-dose escalation study in patients with non small- cell lung cancer(NSCLC): Predictors for radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis 显示文摘 | Kong F M Hayman J A Griffith K A | 2006 | Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys2006，65，4： | 1 |
| 11 | The impact of cigarette smoking on mortality,quality of life,and comorbid illness among HIV-positive veterans显示文摘 | Crothers K Griffith TA Mc Ginnis | 2005 | J Gen Intern Med2005，20，11： | 1 |
| 12 | Perfusion C T: a worthwhile enhance- ment 显示文摘 | Miles K A Griffiths M R | 2003 | Br J Radio12003，76，904： | 1 |
| 13 | Low-dispersion turns and junctions formicrochannel systems 显示文摘 | Griffiths S K Nilson R H | 2001 | Anal Chem2001，73，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Perfusion CT: a worthwhile enhancement显示文摘 | Miles K A Griffiths M R | 2003 | Br J Radiol2003，76，2： | 1 |
| 15 | CD46 plays a key role in tailoring innate immune recognition of apoptotic and necrotic cells显示文摘 | Elward K Griffiths M Mizuno M | 2005 | J Biol Chem2005，280，36： | 1 |
| 16 | The evolutionary ecology of seed germination of Arabidopsis thaliana : Variable natural selec- tion on germination timing显示文摘 | Donohue K Dora L Griffith C etal | 2005 | Evolution2005，59，4： | 1 |
| 17 | The SMILE study-- safety of methotrexate in combination with leflunomide in rheuma- toid arthritis显示文摘 | BIRD P GRIFFITHS H TYMMS K et ol | 2013 | J Rheumatol2013，40，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Pitfalls of immunogold labeling; analysis by light microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and photoelectron microscopy显示文摘 | Birrell G B Hedberg K K Griffith P H | 1987 | Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry1987，35，： | 1 |
| 19 | Mechanism of adhesion of electroless-deposited silver on poly(ether urethane) 显示文摘 | GRAY J E NORTON P R GRIFFITHS K | 2005 | Thin Solid Films2005，484，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Community DNA hybridisation and %G+C profiles of microbial communities from heavy metal polluted soils显示文摘 | GRIFFITHS B S DIAZ-RAVINA M RITZ K | 1997 | FEMS Microboiol Ecol1997，24，： | 1 |
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