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| 1 | Portal vein thrombosis:Insight into physiopathology,diagnosis,and treatment显示文摘Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a relatively common complication in patients with liver cirrhosis, but might also occur in absence of an overt liver disease. Several causes, either local or systemic, might play an important role in PVT pathogenesis. Frequently, more than one risk factor could be identified; however, occasionally no single factor is discernable. Clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and imaging are helpful to provide a quick diagnosis, as prompt treatment might greatly affect a patient's outcome. In this review, we analyze the physiopathological mechanisms of PVT development, together with the hemodynamic and functional alterations related to this condition. Moreover, we describe the principal factors most frequently involved in PVT development and the recent knowledge concerning diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Finally, we analyze the implications of PVT in the setting of liver transplantation and its possible influence on patients' future prognoses. | Francesca R Ponziani Maria A Zocco Chiara Campanale Emanuele Rinninella Annalisa Tortora Luca Di Maurizio Giuseppe Bombardieri Raimondo De Cristofaro Anna M De Gaetano Raffaele Landolfi Antonio Gasbarrini | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，2： | 75 |
| 2 | Third-line rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection显示文摘H pylori 胃的感染是世界范围的最流行的传染病之一。很上面的胃肠的疾病与 H pylori 感染有关能因此与抗菌素被对待的发现是重要医药进展。当前,首要的三倍的治疗被所有一致会议和指南基于质子泵禁止者(PPI ) 或加二抗菌素(clarithromycin 和 amoxicillin 或 nitroimidazole ) 的 ranitidine 枸橼酸铋(RBC ) 推荐。甚至与这药联合的正确使用,感染不能在多达 23% 病人被根除。因此,几第二线治疗被推荐了。7 d 四倍的治疗基于 PPI,铋,四圜素和灭滴灵,更多经常被接受。与第二线的治疗,然而,细菌的根除可以在多达 40% 盒子失败。当 H pylori 根除严格地被显示时,进一步的治疗的选择是争论的。当前,标准第三线的治疗正在缺乏,各种各样的协议被建议了。甚至在二连续失败以后,最近的文学数据证明了 H pylori 根除能在几乎所有病人被完成,甚至当抗菌素危险性没被测试时。实验治疗的不同可能性存在,可得到的第三线的策略此处被考察。 | Rossella Cianci Massimo Montalto Franco Pandolfi Giovan Battista Gasbarrini Giovanni Cammarota | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，15： | 31 |
| 3 | Extraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) can be really considered to be systemic diseases since they are often associated with extraintestinal manifestations,complications, and other autoimmune disorders. Indeed,physicians who care for patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, the two major forms of IBD, face a new clinical challenge every day, worsened by the very frequent rate of extraintestinal complications. The goal of this review is to provide an overview and an update on the extraintestinal complications occurring in IBD.Indeed, this paper highlights how virtually almost every organ system can be involved, principally eyes, skin,joints, kidneys, liver and biliary tracts, and vasculature (or vascular system) are the most common sites of systemic IBD and their involvement is dependent on different mechanisms. | Silvio Danese Stefano Semeraro Alfredo Papa Italia Roberto Franco Scaldaferri Giuseppe Fedeli Giovanni Gasbarrini Antonio Gasbarrini | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，46： | 24 |
| 4 | What we should know about portal vein thrombosis in cirrhotic patients:A changing perspective显示文摘Portal vein thrombosis(PVT) is one of the most common complications occurring during the natural course of liver cirrhosis.Even though PVT is often asymptomatic,the worsening of liver function,an unexpected episode of gastrointestinal bleeding or ascitic decompensation may be landmarks of PVT development.Beyond these clinical manifestations,it is debated whether PVT really has an impact on liver cirrhosis natural history or rather represents only one of its consequences.Probably PVT development should not only be considered as a matter of impaired blood flow or pro-coagulation tendency.On one hand,PVT seems a consequence of the worsening in portal vein outflow due to the increased hepatic resistance in cirrhotic livers.On the other hand,vascular microthrombosis secondary to necroinflammation may cause liver ischemia and infarction,with loss of hepatic tissue(parenchymal extinction) which is replaced by fibrotic tissue.Therefore,PVT might also be considered as the overt manifestation of the liver fibrosing process evolution and anticoagulant therapy may thus have microscopic indirect effects also on the progression of liver disease.At present,a connection between PVT development and the progression of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis has not yet been demonstrated.Nevertheless,it is not clear if PVT development may worsen cirrhotic patients' outcome by itself.Some authors tried to assess liver transplant benefit in PVT cirrhotic patients but data are contrasting.In this review,we will try to answer these questions,providing a critical analysis of data reported in literature. | Francesca Romana Ponziani Maria Assunta Zocco Matteo Garcovich Francesca D'Aversa Davide Roccarina Antonio Gasbarrini | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，36： | 24 |
| 5 | Gut microbiota in autism and mood disorders显示文摘The hypothesis of an important role of gut microbiota in the maintenance of physiological state into the gastrointestinal(GI)system is supported by several studies that have shown a qualitative and quantitative alteration of the intestinal flora in a number of gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases.In the last few years,the importance of gut microbiota impairment in the etiopathogenesis of pathology such as autism,dementia and mood disorder,has been raised.The evidence of the inflammatory state alteration,highlighted in disorders such as schizophrenia,major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder,strongly recalls the microbiota alteration,highly suggesting an important role of the alteration of GI system also in neuropsychiatric disorders.Up to now,available evidences display that the impairment of gut microbiota plays a key role in the development of autism and mood disorders.The application of therapeutic modulators of gut microbiota to autism and mood disorders has been experienced only in experimental settings to date,with few but promising results.A deeper assessment of the role of gut microbiota in the development of autism spectrum disorder(ASD),as well as the advancement of the therapeutic armamentarium for the modulation of gut microbiota is warranted for a better management of ASD and mood disorders. | Francesca Mangiola Gianluca Ianiro Francesco Franceschi Stefano Fagiuoli Giovanni Gasbarrini Antonio Gasbarrini | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，1： | 23 |
| 6 | Portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: Why a well-known complication is still matter of debate显示文摘Portal vein thrombosis(PVT)represents a well-known complication during the natural course of liver cirrhosis(LC),ranging from asymptomatic cases to lifethreating conditions related to portal hypertension and hepatic decompensation.Portal flow stasis,complex acquired hypercoagulable disorders and exogenous factors leading to endothelial dysfunction have emerged as key factors for PVT development.However,PVT occurrence remains unpredictable and many issues regarding its natural history,prognostic significance and treatment are still elusive.In particular although spontaneous resolution or disease stability occur in most cases of PVT,factors predisposing to disease progression or recurrence after spontaneous recanalization are not clarified as yet.Moreover,PVT impact on LC outcome is still debated,as PVT may represent itself a consequence of liver fibrosis and hepatic dysfunction progression.Anticoagulation and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt are considered safe and effective in this setting and are recommended in selected cases,even if the safer therapeutic option and the optimal therapy duration are still unknown.Nevertheless,their impact on mortality rates should be addressed more extensively.In this review we present the most debated questions regarding PVT,whose answers should come from prospective cohort studies and large sample-size randomized trials. | Mariella Faccia Maria Elena Ainora Francesca Romana Ponziani Laura Riccardi Matteo Garcovich Antonio Gasbarrini Maurizio Pompili Maria Assunta Zocco | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，31： | 23 |
| 7 | Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis: Beyond the known frontiers显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most frequent malignant tumors worldwide:Portal vein tumor thrombosis(PVTT)occurs in about 35%-50%of patients and represents a strong negative prognostic factor,due to the increased risk of tumor spread into the bloodstream,leading to a high recurrence risk.For this reason,it is a contraindication to liver transplantation and in several prognostic scores sorafenib represents its standard of care,due to its antiangiogenetic action,although it can grant only a poor prolongation of life expectancy.Recent scientific evidences lead to consider PVTT as a complex anatomical and clinical condition,including a wide range of patients with different prognosis and new treatment possibilities according to the degree of portal system involvement,tumor biological aggressiveness,complications caused by portal hypertension,patient’s clinical features and tolerance to antineoplastic treatments.The median survival has been reported to range between 2.7 and 4 mo in absence of therapy,but it can vary from 5 mo to 5 years,thus depicting an extremely variable scenario.For this reason,it is extremely important to focus on the most adequate strategy to be applied to each group of PVTT patients. | Lucia Cerrito Brigida Eleonora Annicchiarico Roberto Iezzi Antonio Gasbarrini Maurizio Pompili Francesca Romana Ponziani | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，31： | 21 |
| 8 | Role and mechanisms of action of escherichia coli nissle 1917 in the maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis patients: an update显示文摘Ulcerative colitis(UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease, whose etiology is still unclear. Its pathogenesis involves an interaction between genetic factors, immune response and the 'forgotten organ', Gut Microbiota. Several studies have been conducted to assess the role of antibiotics and probiotics as additional or alternative therapies for Ulcerative Colitis. Escherichia coli Nissle(Ec N) is a nonpathogenic Gram-negative strain isolated in 1917 by Alfred Nissle and it is the active component of microbial drug Mutaflor®(Ardeypharm Gmb H, Herdecke, Germany and Ec N, Cadigroup, In Italy) used in many gastrointestinal disorder including diarrhea, uncomplicated diverticular disease and UC. It is the only probiotic recommended in ECCO guidelines as effective alternative to mesalazine in maintenance of remission in UC patients. In this review we propose an update on the role of Ec N 1917 in maintenance of remission in UC patients, including data about efficacy and safety. Further studies may be helpful for this subject to further the full use of potential of Ec N. | Franco Scaldaferri Viviana Gerardi Francesca Mangiola Loris Riccardo Lopetuso Marco Pizzoferrato Valentina Petito Alfredo Papa Jovana Stojanovic Andrea Poscia Giovanni Cammarota Antonio Gasbarrini | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，24： | 19 |
| 9 | Intestinal permeability in the pathogenesis of liver damage: From non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to liver transplantation显示文摘The intimate connection and the strict mutual cooperation between the gut and the liver realizes a functional entity called gut-liver axis.The integrity of intestinal barrier is crucial for the maintenance of liver homeostasis.In this mutual relationship,the liver acts as a second firewall towards potentially harmful substances translocated from the gut,and is,in turn,is implicated in the regulation of the barrier.Increasing evidence has highlighted the relevance of increased intestinal permeability and consequent bacterial translocation in the development of liver damage.In particular,in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease recent hypotheses are considering intestinal permeability impairment,diet and gut dysbiosis as the primary pathogenic trigger.In advanced liver disease,intestinal permeability is enhanced by portal hypertension.The clinical consequence is an increased bacterial translocation that further worsens liver damage.Furthermore,this pathogenic mechanism is implicated in most of liver cirrhosis complications,such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis,hepatorenal syndrome,portal vein thrombosis,hepatic encephalopathy,and hepatocellular carcinoma.After liver transplantation,the decrease in portal pressure should determine beneficial effects on the gut-liver axis,although are incompletely understood data on the modifications of the intestinal permeability and gut microbiota composition are still lacking.How the modulation of the intestinal permeability could prevent the initiation and progression of liver disease is still an uncovered area,which deserves further attention. | Alberto Nicoletti Francesca Romana Ponziani Marco Biolato Venanzio Valenza Giuseppe Marrone Gabriele Sganga Antonio Gasbarrini Luca Miele Antonio Grieco | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，33： | 19 |
| 10 | Modulation of microbiota as treatment for intestinal inflammatory disorders: An uptodate显示文摘Alterations of intestinal microflora may significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of different inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. There is emerging interest on the role of selective modulation of microflora in inducing benefits in inflammatory intestinal disorders, by as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT). To summarize recent evidences on microflora modulation in main intestinal inflammatory disorders, Pub Med was searched using terms microbiota, intestinal flora, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation. More than three hundred articles published up to 2015 were selected and reviewed. Randomized placebo-controlled trials and meta-analysis were firstly included, mainly for probiotics. A meta-analysis was not performed because of the heterogeneity of these studies. Most of relevant data derived from studies on probiotics, reporting some efficacy in ulcerative colitis and in pouchitis, while disappointing results are available for Crohn's disease. Probiotic supplementation may significantly reduce rates of rotavirus diarrhea. Efficacy of probiotics in NSAID enteropathy and irritable bowel syndrome is still controversial. Finally, FMT has been recently recognized as an efficacious treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Modulation of intestinal flora represents a very interesting therapeutic target, although it still deserves some doubts and limitations. Future studies should be encouraged to provide new understanding about its therapeutical role. | Antonella Gallo Giovanna Passaro Antonio Gasbarrini Raffaele Landolfi Massimo Montalto | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，32： | 19 |
| 11 | Eubiotic properties of rifaximin: Disruption of the traditional concepts in gut microbiota modulation显示文摘Antibiotics are usually prescribed to cure infections but they also have significant modulatory effects on the gut microbiota. Several alterations of the intestinal bacterial community have been reported during antibiotic treatment, including the reduction of beneficial bacteria as well as of microbial alpha-diversity. Although after the discontinuation of antibiotic therapies it has been observed a trend towards the restoration of the original condition, the new steady state is different from the previous one, as if antibiotics induced some kind of irreversible perturbation of the gut microbial community. The poorly absorbed antibiotic rifaximin seem to be different from the other antibiotics, because it exerts non-traditional effects additional to the bactericidal/bacteriostatic activity on the gut microbiota. Rifaximin is able to reduce bacterial virulence and translocation, has anti-inflammatory properties and has been demonstrated to positively modulate the gut microbial composition. Animal models, culture studies and metagenomic analyses have demonstrated an increase in Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Lactobacillus abundance after rifaximin treatment, probably consequent to the induction of bacterial resistance, with no major change in the overall gut microbiota composition. Antibiotics are therefore modulators of the symbiotic relationship between the host and the gut microbiota. Specific antibiotics, such as rifaximin, can also induce eubiotic changes in the intestinal ecosystem; this additional property may represent a therapeutic advantage in specific clinical settings. | Francesca Romana Ponziani Maria Assunta Zocco Francesca D’Aversa Maurizio Pompili Antonio Gasbarrini | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，25： | 17 |
| 12 | Prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: Focusing on gut microbiota显示文摘The gut flora plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the complications of cirrhosis. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) represents a broad continuum of neuropsychological dysfunction in patients with acute or chronic liver disease and/or porto-systemic shunting of blood flow and it manifests with progressive deterioration of the superior neurological functions. The pathophysiology of this disease is complex, as it involves overproduction and reduced metabolism of various neurotoxins, particularly ammonia. Management of HE is diversified and requires several steps: elimination of precipitating factors, removal of toxins, proper nutritional support, modulation of resident fecal flora and downregulation of systemic and gut-derived inflammation. This review will provide an overview of gut barrier function and the influence of gut-derived factors on HE, focusing on the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of HE and the recent literature findings on its therapeutic manipulation. | Matteo Garcovich Maria Assunta Zocco Davide Roccarina Francesca Romana Ponziani Antonio Gasbarrini | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，46： | 16 |
| 13 | Combined locoregional treatment of patients withhepatocellular carcinoma: state of the art显示文摘In recent years, a combination of intervention therapies has been widely applied in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). One such combined strategy is based on the combination of the percutaneous approach, such as radiofrequency ablation(RFA), and the intra-arterial locoregional approach, such as trans-arterial chemoembolization(TACE). Several types of evidence have supported the feasibility and benefit of combined therapy, despite some studies reporting conflicting results and outcomes. The aim of this review was to explain the technical aspects of different combined treatments and to comprehensively analyze and compare the clinical efficacy and safety of this combined treatment option and monotherapy, either as TACE or RFA alone, in order to provide clinicians with an unbiased opinion and valuable information. Based on a literature review and our experience, combined treatment seems to be a safe and effective option in the treatment of patients with early/intermediate HCC when surgical resection is not feasible; furthermore, this approach provides better results than RFA and TACE alone for the treatment of large HCC, defined as those exceeding 3 cm in size. It can also expand the indication for RFA to previously contraindicated 'complex cases', with increased risk of thermal ablation related complications due to tumor location, or to 'complex patients' with high bleeding risk. | Roberto Iezzi Maurizio Pompili Alessandro Posa Giuseppe Coppola Antonio Gasbarrini Lorenzo Bonomo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，6： | 15 |
| 14 | Evaluation of thermal water in patients with functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome accompanying constipation显示文摘瞄准:与机能性消化不良或伴随占优势的便秘的急躁的肠症候群(IBS ) 在病人评估水补充治疗的功效。方法:有机能性消化不良的 3872 个病人和有急躁的肠症候群的 3609 个病人的一个总数被 18 个 Italina 热中心在学习注册。病人们为 21 d 经历了热治疗的第一个周期。一年以后,病人们在一样的中心被重新估计并且收到了热治疗的另一个周期。在社会、职业的地位,家庭和病理学的病历,生活方式,临床的记录,福利的利用和健康结构和设备上收集个人数据的一张问询表在各热的治疗以后在基础时间和一年予每个病人被以。有机能性消化不良的六十个病人并且 20 由呼吸测试分析与 IBS 和 80 健康控制收到了胃的输出和 oro 盲肠的运输时间的评估。呼吸测试在基础时间并且在水补充治疗以后被执行。胃肠的症状同时被评估点。呼吸样品与集体 spectometer 和 gascromatograph 被分析。结果为呼吸测试的 octanoic 和 lactulose 呼吸测试的同样 oro 盲肠的运输时间被表示为 T (1/2 ) 和 T 落后。结果:症状的流行的重要减小在热治疗的第一和第二个周期的结束被观察在消化不良并且 IBS 病人。变化的分析出现了一真实并且在所有病人坚持症状的蚂蚁改进。在为 3 wk 的水补充以后,胃的输出的减小在 49 被观察(87.5%) 56 个消化不良的病人。T (1/2 ) 和 T 落后显著地与基础价值相比在治疗以后被减少[91 +/- 12 T (1/2 ) 和 53 +/- 11 (T 落后) ,搁置 1 和 2 ] 与类似于健康题目的 octanoic 呼吸测试的结果。在为 3 wk 的水补充以后, oro 盲肠的运输时间在学习的开始是比那短的。结论:为伴随 IBS 的机能性消化不良或便秘的矿水补充治疗能改进胃的酸输出和肠的运输时间。 | Giovanni Gasbarrini Marcello Candelli RiccardoGiuseppe Graziosetto Sergio Coccheri Ferdinando Di Iorio Giuseppe Nappi | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，16： | 12 |
| 15 | Management and treatment of lactose malabsorption显示文摘乳糖吸收不良是肠的乳糖酶缺乏描绘的一个很普通的条件。主要乳糖吸收不良是在世界的人口的多数在场的继承赤字,当第二等的 hypolactasia 能是肠的疾病的后果时。在结肠的腔的 malabsorbed 乳糖的存在引起胃肠的症状。条件作为乳糖不耐被知道。在有乳糖酶的病人非坚持,如果不耐症状是在场的,治疗应该只被考虑。当指南不在时,普通治疗学的途径趋于从食谱排除牛奶和奶店产品。然而,这策略可以有严肃的营养的劣势。几研究被执行了发现其他的途径,例如为他们的细菌的乳糖酶活动的外长的贝它牛乳糖,酸乳酪和职业人员生命学,药理学、非药理学能延长的策略联系在推迟胃肠的运输时间,和长期的乳糖摄取提高结肠的改编的酶和底层之间的时间。在这评论,这些途径的实用性被讨论,有一份流动图表的一个治疗学的管理被建议。 | Massimo Montalto Valentina Curigliano Luca Santoro Monica Vastola Giovanni Cammarota Raffaele Manna Antonio Gasbarrini Giovanni Gasbarrini | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，2： | 12 |
| 16 | Role of Helicobacter pylori infection on nutrition and metabolism显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a gram-negative pathogen that is widespread all over the world, infecting more than 50% of the world's population. It is etiologically associated with non-atrophic and atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer and shows a deep association with primary gastric B-cell lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma. Recently, the medical research focused on the modification of the gastric environment induced by H. pylori infection, possibly affecting the absorption of nutrients and drugs as well as the production of hormones strongly implicated in the regulation of appetite and growth. Interestingly, the absorption of iron and vitamin B12 is impaired by H. pylori infection, while infected subjects have lower basal and fasting serum levels of ghrelin and higher concentration of leptin compared to controls. Since leptin is an anorexigenic hormone, and ghrelin stimulates powerfully the release of growth hormone in humans, H. pylori infection may finally induce growth retardation if acquired very early in the childhood and in malnourished children. This review is focused on the nutritional effects of H. pylori infection, such as the reduced bioavailability or the malabsorbption of essential nutrients, and of gastrointestinal hormones, as well as on the relationship between H. pylori and the metabolic syndrome. | Francesco Franceschi Tortora Annalisa Di Rienzo Teresa D'Angelo Giovanna Gianluca Ianiro Scaldaferri Franco Gerardi Viviana Tesori Valentina Lopetuso Loris Riccardo Gasbarrini Antonio | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，36： | 11 |
| 17 | 术中射频消融后病灶刮除治疗脊柱转移瘤显示文摘目的:探讨术中射频消融(RFA)后再行病灶刮除术治疗脊柱转移瘤的可行性及疗效。方法:2004年~2006年,对11例脊柱转移瘤患者术中实施RFA后再行病灶刮除术,将FRA前后病灶标本进行光镜和电镜病理检查,随访患者疼痛缓解情况及肿瘤复发情况。结果:术中未出现脊髓和神经根损伤,RFA后瘤组织固缩,刮除顺利,出血量350~3800ml,平均1024.5ml。全部病例得到6个月以上随访,平均9.8个月,全部患者生存期超过6个月,VAS评分术前平均5.8分,术后6个月时平均1.9分。1例出现局部肿瘤复发。RFA前的标本光、电镜检查均未见肿瘤组织坏死。RFA后光镜检查3例无明显坏死,9例肿瘤细胞完全坏死;电镜检查10例肿瘤细胞完全坏死,1例肿瘤细胞部分坏死,1例无明显坏死。结论:术中RFA后再行病灶刮除治疗脊柱转移瘤安全可行,有利于肿瘤的刮除,减少局部复发的风险。 | 李浩淼 Alessandro Gasbarrini Michele Cappuccio Rakesh Donthineni Luca Boriani Stefano Bandiera Laura Foroni Gianandrea Pasquinelli Stefano Boriani | 2008 | 中国脊柱脊髓杂志2008，18，11： | 10 |
| 18 | Subclinical atherosclerosis is linked to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth via vitamin K2-dependent mechanisms显示文摘AIM To assess the rate of matrix Gla-protein carboxylation in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO) and to decipher its association with subclinical atherosclerosis.METHODS Patients with suspected SIBO who presented with a low risk for cardiovascular disease and showed no evidence of atherosclerotic plaques were included in the study. A glucose breath test was performed in order to confirm the diagnosis of SIBO and vascular assessment was carried out by ultrasound examination. Plasma levels of the inactive form of MGP(dephosphorylateduncarboxylated matrix Gla-protein) were quantified by ELISA and vitamin K2 intake was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire.RESULTS Thirty-nine patients were included in the study. SIBO was confirmed in 12/39(30.8%) patients who also presented with a higher concentration ofdephosphorylated-uncarboxylated matrix Gla-protein(9.5 μg/L vs 4.2 μg/L; P = 0.004). Arterial stiffness was elevated in the SIBO group(pulse-wave velocity 10.25 m/s vs 7.68 m/s; P = 0.002) and this phenomenon was observed to correlate linearly with the levels of dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated matrix Gla-protein(β = 0.220, R2 = 0.366, P = 0.03). Carotid intima-media thickness and arterial calcifications were not observed to be significantly elevated as compared to controls.CONCLUSION SIBO is associated with reduced matrix Gla-protein activation as well as arterial stiffening. Both these observations are regarded as important indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis. Hence, screening for SIBO, intestinal decontamination and supplementation with vitamin K2 has the potential to be incorporated into clinical practice as additional preventive measures. | Francesca Romana Ponziani Maurizio Pompili Enrico Di Stasio Maria Assunta Zocco Antonio Gasbarrini Roberto Flore | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，7： | 9 |
| 19 | Levofloxacin/amoxicillin-based schemes vs quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in second-line显示文摘Worldwide prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection is approximately 50%,with the highest being in developing countries.We compared cure rates and tolerability(SE) of second-line anti-H.pylori levofloxacin/amoxicillin(LA)-based triple regimens vs standard quadruple therapy(QT).An English language literature search was performed up to October 2010.A meta-analysis was performed including randomized clinical trials comparing 7-or 10-d LA with 7-d QT.In total,10 articles and four abstracts were identified.Overall eradication rate in LA was 76.5%(95% CI:64.4%-97.6%).When only 7-d regimens were included,cure rate was 70.6%(95% CI:40.2%-99.1%),whereas for 10-d combinations,cure rate was significantly higher(88.7%;95% CI:56.1%-109.9%;P < 0.05).Main eradication rate for QT was 67.4%(95% CI:49.7%-67.9%).The 7-d LA and QT showed comparable efficacy [odds ratio(OR):1.09;95% CI:0.63-1.87],whereas the 10-d LA regimen was significantly more effective than QT(OR:5.05;95% CI:2.74-9.31;P < 0.001;I 2 = 75%).No differences were reported in QT eradication rates among Asian and European studies,whereas LA regimens were more effective in European populations(78.3% vs 67.7%;P = 0.05).Incidence of SE was lower in LA therapy than QT(OR:0.39;95% CI:0.18-0.85;P = 0.02).A higher rate of side effects was reported in Asian patients who received QT.Our findings support the use of 10-d LA as a simple second-line treatment for H.pylori eradication with an excellent eradication rate and tolerability.The optimal second-line alternative scheme might differ among countries depending on quinolone resistance. | Simona Di Caro Lucia Fini Yayha Daoud Fabio Grizzi Antonio Gasbarrini Antonino De Lorenzo Laura Di Renzo Sara McCartney Stuart Bloom | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，40： | 9 |
| 20 | Cutaneous manifestations of hepatitis C in the era of new antiviral agents显示文摘The association of chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection with a wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations has been widely reported in the literature, with varying strength of epidemiological association. Skin diseases which are certainly related with chronic HCV infection due to a strong epidemiological and pathogenetic association are mixed cryoglobulinemia, lichen planus and porphyria cutanea tarda. Chronic pruritus and necrolytic acral erythema are conditions that may share a possible association with HCV infection, while several immune-mediated inflammatory skin conditions, such as psoriasis, chronic urticaria and vitiligo, have been only anecdotally reported in the setting of chronic HCV infection. Traditional interferonbased treatment regimens for HCV infection are associated with substantial toxicity and a high-risk of immune-related adverse events, while the advent of new direct-acting antivirals with sustained virological response and improved tolerability will open the door for all-oral, interferon-free regimens. In the new era of these direct acting antivirals there will be hopefully a renewed interest in extra-hepatic manifestations of HCV infection. The aim of the present paper is to review the main cutaneous HCV-related disorders- mixed cryoglobulinemia, lichen planus, porphyria cutanea tarda and chronic pruritus- and to discuss the potential impact of new antiviral treatments on the course of these extrahepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection. | Simone Garcovich Matteo Garcovich Rodolfo Capizzi Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Assunta Zocco | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，27： | 5 |
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