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| 1 | Permafrost changes and engineering stability in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau显示文摘Climate change and engineering activities are the leading causes of permafrost temperature increase,active layer thickening,and ground-ice thaw,which trigger changes in the engineering stability of embankments.Based on the important research advances on permafrost changes and frozen soil engineering in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,the changes in permafrost temperature and active layer thickness,their relationships with climate factors,the response process of engineering activities on permafrost,dynamic change of engineering stability of Qinghai-Xizang Railway,and the cooling mechanism and process of crushed-rock layers are discussed using the monitoring data of permafrost and embankment deformation.Finally,solutions to the key scientific problems of frozen soil engineering under climate change are proposed. | WU QingBai NIU FuJun | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，10： | 43 |
| 2 | Fault Diagnosis for Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor(MAP) of Diesel Engine Based on Elman Neural Network Observer显示文摘Intake system of diesel engine is a strong nonlinear system, and it is difficult to establish accurate model of intake system; and bias fault and precision degradation fault of MAP of diesel engine can't be diagnosed easily using model-based methods. Thus, a fault diagnosis method based on Elman neural network observer is proposed. By comparing simulation results of intake pressure based on BP network and Elman neural network, lower sampling error magnitude is gained using Elman neural network, and the error is less volatile. Forecast accuracy is between 0.015?0.017 5 and sample error is controlled within 0?0.07. Considering the output stability and complexity of solving comprehensively, Elman neural network with a single hidden layer and with 44 nodes is presented as intake system observer. By comparing the relations of confidence intervals of the residual value between the measured and predicted values, error variance and failures in various fault types. Then four typical MAP faults of diesel engine can be diagnosed: complete failure fault, bias fault, precision degradation fault and drift fault. The simulation results show: intake pressure is observable and selection of diagnostic strategy parameter reasonably can increase the accuracy of diagnosis;the proposed fault diagnosis method only depends on data and structural parameters of observer, not depends on the nonlinear model of air intake system. A fault diagnosis method is proposed not depending system model to observe intake pressure, and bias fault and precision degradation fault of MAP of diesel engine can be diagnosed based on residuals. | WANG Yingmin ZHANG Fujun CUI Tao ZHOU Jinlong | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2016，29，2： | 17 |
| 3 | Ground-temperature controlling effects of duct-ventilated railway embankment in permafrost regions显示文摘Based on observed data from field-testing embankment of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, ground-temperature controlling effect of duct-ventilated embankment is studied in this paper.The results show that ventilation ducts can effectively cool the soils surrounding the ducts of the embankment, and the heat budget of the ambient soils in a year shows as heat release. Temperature status of the permafrost below the embankment with ducts buried in the relatively high position is similar to that of the common embankment. The permafrost processes warming all along in the two freezing-thawing cycles when the embankment was constructed. However, the temperature of the frozen soils below the embankment, in which the ducts buried in the relatively low position, rises a little in the initial stage. After that, it cools down gradually. At the same time,ventilation ducts can effectively reduce the thermal disturbance caused by the filled soils. The frozen soils below the common embankment and that with high-posited ducts absorb heat all along in the initial two cycles. While the soils below the embankment with low-posited ducts begin to release heat in the second cycle. This phenomenon proves that the ventilation embankment with low-posited ducts shows efficient temperature-controlling effect. Such embankment can actively cool the subgrade soils and therefore keeps the roadbed thermally stable. | NIU Fujun CHENG Guodong YU Qihao | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，z1： | 16 |
| 4 | Evaluation of Subgrid-scale Models in Large-eddy Simulations of Turbulent Flow in a Centrifugal Pump Impeller显示文摘The current research of large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent flow in pumps mainly concentrates in applying conventional subgrid-scale (SGS) model to simulate turbulent flow, which aims at obtaining the flow field in pump. The selection of SGS model is usually not considered seriously, so the accuracy and efficiency of the simulation cannot be ensured. Three SGS models including Smagorinsky-Lilly model, dynamic Smagorinsky model and dynamic mixed model are comparably studied by using the commercial CFD code Fluent combined with its user define function. The simulations are performed for the turbulent flow in a centrifugal pump impeller. The simulation results indicate that the mean flows predicted by the three SGS models agree well with the experimental data obtained from the test that detailed measurements of the flow inside the rotating passages of a six-bladed shrouded centrifugal pump impeller performed using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV). The comparable results show that dynamic mixed model gives the most accurate results for mean flow in the centrifugal pump impeller. The SGS stress of dynamic mixed model is decompose into the scale similar part and the eddy viscous part. The scale similar part of SGS stress plays a significant role in high curvature regions, such as the leading edge and training edge of pump blade. It is also found that the dynamic mixed model is more adaptive to compute turbulence in the pump impeller. The research results presented is useful to improve the computational accuracy and efficiency of LES for centrifugal pumps, and provide important reference for carrying out simulation in similar fluid machineries. | YANG Zhengjun WANG Fujun ZHOU Peijian | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2012，25，5： | 16 |
| 5 | The application of auto-temperature-controlled ventilation embankment in Qinghai-Tibet Railway显示文摘Auto-temperature-controlled ventilation embankment is an effective engineering measure for 'cooling roadbed'. Practice proves that this new method can sufficiently make use of natural cold energy. It has the advantages of higher efficiency, better cooling effect and feasibility in engineering practice, and wider application in various environment, etc. And also, it is comparatively cheap in project cost. Through practice in the field for half a year, the testing results show that, with the application of auto-temperature-controlled system, the artificial permafrost table has been raised by 65 cm. The artificial permafrost table was basically at the embankment bottom, and the action of freeze-thaw circle on engineering stability was effectively avoided. In the month with highest ground temperature, in the scope with 1-4 m in depth, including the majority of the embankment and the upper part in the original seasonal layer, the ground temperature decreased by 0.7℃. Through thermal flux calculation in the original seasonal layer, in the month with the maximum thermal flux coming into permafrost, it is found that the thermal flux reduces nearly by half. Coming into the cooling period for nearly a month, the ground temperature in entire auto-temperature-controlled embankment is close to zero, and the foundation is at negative temperature. But in a large region in the embankment and foundation the ground temperature was over 0℃ and varied from 0℃ to 0.39℃ in ordinary ventilation embankment. | YU Qihao CHENG Guodong NIU Fujun | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，z1： | 14 |
| 6 | Solvent additive-free ternary polymer solar cells with 16.27% efficiency显示文摘Ternary strategy has been commonly demonstrated as an efficient method to improve the performance of polymer solar cells(PSCs), which has great potential in application of PSCs due to the simple device fabrication. | Qiaoshi An Xiaoling Ma Jinhua Gao Fujun Zhang | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，8： | 14 |
| 7 | New In-Situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Ages of Uraninite from the Mianhuakeng Uranium Deposit, Northern Guangdong Province, China: Constraint on the Metallogenic Mechanism显示文摘Objective Hydrothermal uranium deposits in South China have become one of the main uranium producers over the past several decades.Numerous uranium deposits are densely distributed in the Guidong and Zhuguangshan plutons of the Nanling region,which constitute the largest uranium mineralization area in China(Cai Yuqi et al.,2015).The Mianhuakeng(MHK)uranium deposit,one of the | ZHONG Fujun PAN Jiayong QI Jiaming YAN Jie LIU Wenquan LI Haidong | 2018 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2018，92，2： | 14 |
| 8 | Origin of Tafoni in the Late Cretaceous Aeolian Sandstones,Danxiashan UNESCO Global Geopark,South China显示文摘Tafoni occur generally in granular rocks around the world, but their origin remains controversial. In this study,the roles of lithology, micro–climate, and organism in tafoni development are investigated in the Danxiashan UNESCO Global Geopark of South China. The Jinshiyan Temple and Luyitang sites along the Jinjiang River are chosen to conduct tafoni morphometry, bedrock petrography, and micro–climate analyses. The research methods used in this study include field observations and measurements, Voronoi diagrams, polarizing microscopic and scanning electron microscopic(SEM)image analysis, and meteorological detection. The tafoni are mostly 2–10 cm in length and elliptical in shape. The Late Cretaceous Jinshiyan sandstones are characterized by a grain–to–grain contact fabric and moderate sorting with a high proportion of soluble grains and cements. The Voronoi diagrams developed through the Arc GIS software are largely consistent with the tafoni openings. Moreover, owing to exposure to solar insolation, the external temperature values are higher than the internal ones, while the external relative humidity values are lower than the internal ones. Therefore, the permeable Jinshiyan sandstones are fundamental for tafoni development, while the abundant moisture from the Jinjiang River and frequent rains is favorable for salt weathering in tandem with biological activities. At last, a five–stage development model is proposed for the tafoni progression in the study area. | CHEN Liuqin GUO Fusheng LIU Fujun XU Huan DING Ting LIU Xin | 2019 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2019，93，2： | 13 |
| 9 | Effect of dry density on ^(125)I diffusion in GMZ bentonite显示文摘Gaomiaozi(GMZ) bentonite is regarded as the favorable candidate backfilling material for a potential repository in China.It is important to understand the diffusion behavior of 125 I in GMZ bentonite and compare the diffusion behavior in GMZ and other types of bentonite like MX-80,Avonlea,etc.Therefore,through-and out-diffusion experiments were conducted to obtain the effective diffusion coefficient(D e) and distribution coefficient(K d).A computer code named Fitting for diffusion coefficient(FDP) was used for the experimental data processing and theoretical modeling.At the dry density of GMZ bentonite from 1600-2000 kg/m 3,the D e values of 125 I were(2.4-20.4) × 10-12 m 2 /s and K d values were constants.At dry density above 1800 kg/m 3,the diffusion behaviors were almost the same,indicating that the anion exclusion was ineffective.Out-diffusion results showed that the species of 125 I may be changed during the diffusion processing.It was probably caused by some organic matters or reducing substances in GMZ bentonite.Since the main composition of bentonite is montmorillonite,similar diffusion parameters were obtained in GMZ and other types of bentonite.The relationship of D e and accessible porosity(acc) could be described by Archie's law with exponent n = 1.2-2.8 for 125 I diffusion in bentonite,whereas n = 2.0 in GMZ bentonite.Furthermore,bentonite with the dry density of 1800 kg/m 3 was proposed as the backfilling materials used in the construction of high level radioactivity waste repository. | WU Tao LI JinYing DAI Wei XIAO GuoPing SHU FuJun YAO Jun SU YuLan SHI Lei | 2012 | Science China Chemistry2012，55，9： | 11 |
| 10 | Acoustic experimental study of two types of rock from the Tibetan Plateau under the condition of freeze-thaw cycles显示文摘Under the condition of freeze-thaw cycles,two types of rocks(granite and andesite),used as slope protection for the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,were tested according to the special climatic conditions in the Tibetan Plateau,and their various damage processes in appearance were carefully observed.Observation results show that damage of andesite was more serious than that of granite.Using an acoustic instrument,ultrasonic velocity was tested.The changing trends of velocity with the number of freeze-thaw cycles were analyzed,and the freeze-thaw cycle damaging the physical and mechanical properties of rocks can be seen.According to the changing trends of ultrasonic velocity with the number of freeze-thaw cycles,mechanical parameters of rocks,such as dynamic elasticity modulus,Poisson's ratio,and dynamic bulk modulus were analyzed.It is found that they all have declining trends as the number of freeze-thaw cycles increases,and in particular,when the cycle number reaches a certain extent,the Poisson's ratio of rocks begins to become negative. | Hua Liu FuJun Niu ZhiYing Xu ZhanJu Lin Jian Xu | 2012 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2012，4，1： | 10 |
| 11 | Analysis of the Pump-turbine S Characteristics Using the Detached Eddy Simulation Method显示文摘Current research on pump-turbine units is focused on the unstable operation at off-design conditions, with the characteristic curves in generating mode being S-shaped. Unlike in the traditional water turbines, pump-turbine operation along the S-shaped curve can lead to difficulties during load rejection with unusual increases in the water pressure, which leads to machine vibrations. This paper describes both model tests and numerical simulations. A reduced scale model of a low specific speed pump-turbine was used for the performance tests, with comparisons to computational fluid dynamics(CFD) results. Predictions using the detached eddy simulation(DES) turbulence model, which is a combined Reynolds averaged Naviers-Stokes(RANS) and large eddy simulation(LES) model, are compared with the two-equation turbulence mode results. The external characteristics as well as the internal flow are for various guide vane openings to understand the unsteady flow along the so called S characteristics of a pump-turbine. Comparison of the experimental data with the CFD results for various conditions and times shows that DES model gives better agreement with experimental data than the two-equation turbulence model. For low flow conditions, the centrifugal forces and the large incident angle create large vortices between the guide vanes and the runner inlet in the runner passage, which is the main factor leading to the S-shaped characteristics. The turbulence model used here gives more accurate simulations of the internal flow characteristics of the pump-turbine and a more detailed force analysis which shows the mechanisms controlling of the S characteristics. | SUN Hui XIAO Ruofu WANG Fujun XIAO Yexiang LIU Weichao | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2015，28，1： | 10 |
| 12 | DNA barcoding of 18 species of Bovidae显示文摘Genetic divergences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes,known as DNA barcodes,have been used in species identification in the animal kingdom.Barcodes can assist field workers and taxonomists to determine groups in need of taxa analysis,and facilitate the recognition of appropriate populations and scales for conservation planning.In this study,18 species of Bovidae were selected to evaluate the effectiveness of DNA barcoding for species differentiation.The results showed that all but 2 species had unique DNA barcodes.The mean intraspecific variation was 0.63%,yielding a threshold of 6.3% for flagging putative species.The results supported the inference that barcode variation within species of mammals is somewhat higher than within other animal groups.The present study validated the effectiveness of barcoding for the identification of bovid species. | CAI YanSen ZHANG Liang SHEN FuJun ZHANG WenPing HOU Rong YUE BiSong LI Jing ZHANG ZhiHe | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，2： | 10 |
| 13 | An improved large eddy simulation of two-phase flows in a pump impeller显示文摘用动态秒顺序 sub-grid-scale (SGS ) 的改进大旋涡模拟压力模型被开发了为稠密的狂暴的粒子液体的管理方程建模在一个旋转坐标系统的二阶段的流动,和连续性被一个团加权的方法保存解决过滤管理方程。在当前的秒顺序 SGS 模型, SGS 压力是解决的紧张率和旋转率张肌的功能,并且模型参数从维的一致性和紧张率和旋转率张肌的 invariants 被获得。在数字计算,有限的卷方法习惯于 discretize 有一个蹒跚的格子系统的管理方程。SIMPLEC 算法被申请管理方程的 discretized 的答案。适合身体的坐标被用来在复杂几何学模仿二阶段的流动。最后秒顺序动态 SGS 模型成功地被使用模仿稠密的狂暴的粒子液体在离心的 impeller 的二阶段的流动。预言的压力和速度分布在对试验性的结果的好同意。 | Xuelin Tang Fujun Wang Yulin Wu | 2007 | Acta Mechanica Sinica2007，23，6： | 10 |
| 14 | Numerical Simulation of Pressure Fluctuations in a Large Francis Turbine Runner显示文摘The pressure fluctuation caused by unsteady flow in runner is one of the main reasons of vibration for a large Francis hydraulic turbine. It directly affects the steady operation of the hydraulic turbine unit. The existing research of the pressure fluctuation in hydraulic turbine mainly focuses on the unsteady flow in draft tube. Accurate distribution of pressure fluctuations inside a runner is not very clear. In this paper, the numerical method for predicting the pressure fluctuations in runner is investigated and the numerical simulation is performed for a large Francis hydraulic turbine. It is proved that the combination of shear-stress transport(SST) k-w turbulence model and pressure-implicit with splitting of operators(PISO) algorithm could give more reliable prediction of pressure fluctuations in runner. The frequencies of pressure fluctuations in runner are affected by the flow in guide vane and the flow in draft tube. The first dominant frequency is significantly determined by the flow in draft tube, especially at part load condition. This frequency is approximately equal to one-third of the runner rotating frequency. The evident second dominant frequency is exactly equal to the guide vane passing frequency. The peak-to-peak amplitudes of pressure fluctuations in runner at small guide vane open angle are larger than that at large open angle at the same operating head. The amplitudes at points on blade pressure surface are generally greater than that on suction surface. The research results could be used to direct the hydraulic design and operation stability improvement of a large Francis hydraulic turbine. | WANG Fujun LIAO Cuilin TANG Xuelin | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2012，25，6： | 9 |
| 15 | LncRNA Nron regulates osteoclastogenesis during orthodontic bone resorption显示文摘Activation of osteoclasts during orthodontic tooth treatment is a prerequisite for alveolar bone resorption and tooth movement.However,the key regulatory molecules involved in osteoclastogenesis during this process remain unclear.Long noncoding RNAs(lnc RNAs)are a newly identified class of functional RNAs that regulate cellular processes,such as gene expression and translation regulation.Recently,lnc RNAs have been reported to be involved in osteogenesis and bone formation.However,as the most abundant noncoding RNAs in vivo,the potential regulatory role of lnc RNAs in osteoclast formation and bone resorption urgently needs to be clarified.We recently found that the lnc RNA Nron(long noncoding RNA repressor of the nuclear factor of activated T cells)is highly expressed in osteoclast precursors.Nron is downregulated during osteoclastogenesis and bone ageing.To further determine whether Nron regulates osteoclast activity during orthodontic treatment,osteoclastic Nron transgenic(Nron c TG)and osteoclastic knockout(Nron CKO)mouse models were generated.When Nron was overexpressed,the orthodontic tooth movement rate was reduced.In addition,the number of osteoclasts decreased,and the activity of osteoclasts was inhibited.Mechanistically,Nron controlled the maturation of osteoclasts by regulating NFATc1 nuclear translocation.In contrast,by deleting Nron specifically in osteoclasts,tooth movement speed increased in Nron CKO mice.These results indicate that lnc RNAs could be potential targets to regulate osteoclastogenesis and orthodontic tooth movement speed in the clinic in the future. | Ruilin Zhang Junhui Li Gongchen Li Fujun Jin Zuolin Wang Rui Yue Yibin Wang Xiaogang Wang Yao Sun | 2020 | International Journal of Oral Science2020，12，2： | 9 |
| 16 | Mechanical properties of rock under coupled static-dynamic loads显示文摘Rock drilling machine,INSTRON testing system,and SHPB device are updated to investigate the characteristics of rocks at great depth,with high loads from overburden,tectonic stresses and dynamic impacts due to blasting and boring.It is verified that these testing systems can be used to study the mechanical properties of rock material under coupled static and dynamic loading condition and give useful guidance for the deep mining and underground cavern excavation.Various tests to determine the rock strength,fragmentation behavior,and energy absorption were conducted using the updated testing systems.It is shown that under coupled static-dynamic loads,if the axial prestress is lower than its elastic limit,the rock strength is higher than the individual static or dynamic strength.At the same axial prestress,rock strength under coupled loads rises with the increasing strain rates.Under coupled static and dynamic loads,rock is observed to fail with tensile mode.While shear failure may exist if axial prestress is high enough.In addition,it is shown that the percentage of small particles increases with the increasing axial prestress and impact load based on the analysis of the particle-size distribution of fragments.It is also suggested that the energy absorption ratio of a specimen varies with coupled loads,and the maximum energy absorption ratio for a rock can be obtained with an appropriate combination of static and dynamic loads. | Xibing Li Zilong Zhou Fujun Zhao Yujun Zuo Chunde Ma Zhouyuan Ye Liang Hong | 2009 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2009，1，1： | 8 |
| 17 | Spraying printing of liquid metal electronics on various clothes to compose wearable functional device显示文摘Liquid metal printing is emerging as an important tool for making wearable electronics. However, very limited academic efforts were made to fulfill such an increasing need. This paper is dedicated to present relatively complete theoretical and experimental characterizations for liquid metal spraying printing towards developing wearable electronic textile. The practical conditions of liquid metal droplets in the spraying printing process such as the jet velocity, the size distribution of droplets and their evenness degree, the morphology of droplets and their unrolling areas after impacting the substrate are quantified. The dominating factors, including the oxidation of liquid metal and the pressure force on cloth substrate during the impacting process, which ensure liquid metal firmly adhere to the cloth, are clarified. Further, various clothes are comparatively investigated to test their capabilities in printing liquid metal conductors, where the resistance difference can be over thousand-fold. In addition to interpreting the basic mechanisms and performances of the spraying printing, two programmable flexible circuits with specifically designed functions such as blinking LED lighting and wireless infrared temperature measurement via current manufacture technology were also demonstrated and evaluated for their washable ability. With the realization of wearable modules via liquid metal printing technology, it can be expected that flexible functional devices on cloth fabricated quickly and directly would witness more broad applications in the coming time. | GUI Han TAN SiCong WANG Qian YU Yang LIU FuJun LIN Ju LIU Jing | 2017 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2017，60，2： | 8 |
| 18 | Facile synthesis and electrochemical sodium storage of CoS2 micro/nano-structures显示文摘我们报导合成和钴二硫化物的电气化学的钠存储(有各种各样的 micro/nano-structures 的公司 2) 。有 microscale 尺寸的公司 2 也被 nanoparticles 装配(经由一条灵巧的 solvothermal 线路或 nanooctahedrons 的 P 公司 2) 构造了固体(O 公司 2) 和空微观结构(H 公司 2) 由热水的方法制作了。在三形态学之中, H 公司 2 作为钠离子电池(亲族) 的阳极展出最大的分泌物能力和最好的率性能。而且, H 公司 2 交付 690 妈 | Xue Liu Kai Zhang Kaixiang Lei Fujun Li Zhanliang Tao Jun Chen | 2016 | Nano Research2016，9，1： | 8 |
| 19 | Variations in leaf characteristics of three species of angiosperms with changing of altitude in Qilian Mountains and their inland high-altitude pattern显示文摘In this study,39 leaf samples of three angiosperms(Betula albo-sinensis,tree species;and Caragana jubata and Berberis diaphana,shrub species) were collected in the middle-east parts at 2300–3640 m asl of the Qilian Mountains to study the variations of leaf characteristics of angiosperms with altitude change in inland high-altitude regions of China.Five leaf indexes,viz.epidermal cell density(ED),stomatal density(SD),stomatal index(SI),leaf vein density(VD) and carbon isotopic ratio(δ13C),were analyzed in laboratory.The results show that there are significant or even very significant linear correlations between the five indexes and altitude,of which SD,SI and VD exhibit a negative correlation with altitude,while ED and δ13C exhibit a positive correlation with altitude.Such a correlation assemblage is quite different from the situation in the low-altitude humid environment.Generally,only an assemblage of positive correlations can be observed between the indexes(viz.SD,SI and δ13C,etc.) and the altitude in the low-altitude humid environment,which were caused mainly by the plants' responses to the change of atmospheric CO2 concentration(Cα).However,an assemblage of the negative and positive correlations found here may be attributed mainly to the plants' responses to the change of physiological drought caused by change of low temperature,and here it is preliminarily called the inland high-altitude pattern of plant leaf variations. | WANG XueFang LI RuiYun LI XiaoZe MA FuJun SUN BaiNian WU JingYu WANG YouKui | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，4： | 8 |
| 20 | Bamboo Leaf and Pollen Fossils from the Late Miocene of Eastern Zhejiang,China and their Phytogeological Significance显示文摘Fossil bamboo leaves and pollen from Upper Miocene deposits of the Shengxian Formation in Tiantai and Ninghai counties,eastern Zhejiang,China represent a rare record in Asia.The distinctive pseudopetiole and parallel venation of the leaf blades and the clearly thickened annulus of the pollen aperture place them in the subfamily Bambusoideae.Morphological analysis supports the determination of these fossil leaves as belonging to the genus Bambusium and two new species are described.Bambusium latipseudopetiolus Q.J.Wang et B.N.Sun sp.nov.has a distinctly wide pseudopetiole of 0.23 cm in width and 0.40 cm in length,several vascular bundles on parallel veins,and 5–8 lateral veins on both sides of the midrib.Bambusium longipseudopetiolus Q.J.Wang et B.N.Sun sp.nov.has a distinctly long pseudopetiole of 0.60 cm in length and 0.10 cm in width,several vascular bundles on the pseudopetiole,and 6 lateral veins on both sides of the midrib.Pollen grains from the same layer provide additional evidence of bamboos.They are characterized by 32.0–51.0 μm in diameter,a round pore 3.0–4.0 μm in diameter with a broad thickened annulus 2.5–3.5 μm around,and several conspicuous secondary folds on the exine surface.The morphological analysis leads to their assignment to Graminidites bambusoides Stuchlik.These fossils are important for the study of bamboo phytogeography in China.They demonstrate that there were bamboos growing in southeastern China during the Late Miocene and that bamboos in Zhejiang begin to diversify no later than the Late Miocene.In combination with bamboo fossils from other places,it seems that bamboos had a wide distribution across southern China during the Miocene,ranging from southwestern Yun'nan to southeastern Zhejiang. | WANG Qiujun MA Fujun YANG Yi DONG Junling WANG Haofei LI Ruiyun XU Xiaohui SUN Bainian | 2014 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2014，88，4： | 7 |
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