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1在初治和经治丙型肝炎病毒基因1b型慢性感染的非肝硬化亚洲成年患者中评价奥比帕利联合达塞布韦治疗的有效性和安全性:随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究显示文摘目的 评估奥比帕利(奥比他韦/帕立瑞韦/利托那韦,OBV/PTV/r)25/150/100mg,1次/d,联合达塞布韦250mg,2次/d,在丙型肝炎病毒基因1b型感染的初治和经治非肝硬化中国成年患者中的有效性和安全性.方法 采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、多中心Ⅲ期临床试验,在中国大陆、韩国、中国台湾地区进行.纳入基因1b型初治和普通干扰素/聚乙二醇干扰素α联合利巴韦林经治非肝硬化患者,随机分为2组,分别接受OBV/PTV/r联合达塞布韦方案立即治疗12周(A组),或接受安慰剂治疗12周后再继续接受OBV/PTV/r联合达塞布韦方案治疗12周(B组).评估患者停药12周获得的持续病毒学应答(SVR12)及停药24周获得的持续病毒学应答(SVR24)率,及双盲阶段和开放标签阶段治疗后的不良事件和实验室异常发生率. 结果 共纳入410例中国大陆患者资料,按1∶1比例随机分至A组和B组(每组205例).A组(205例)中初治患者的SVR12及SVR24率均为99% (95%CI:94.8% ~ 99.8%),经治患者的SVR12及SVR24率均为100% (95% CI:96.3%~ 100%),不同基线特征对SVR12及SVR24率没有影响.发生的大多数不良事件为轻度,治疗期间≥3级实验室异常少见,主要包括丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高(双盲阶段A组2例)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶升高(双盲阶段A组3例)和总胆红素升高(开放标签阶段B组1例),通常无症状,用药中断或停药后可恢复.仅有1例因不良事件停药(B组,开放标签阶段). 结论 疗程为12周的OBV/PTV/r联合达塞布韦方案治疗中国基因1b型初治和经治非肝硬化慢性丙型肝炎患者可获得99%~ 100%的SVR12及SVR24率,且耐受性和安全性良好.魏来 成军 Luo Yan 李军 段钟平 侯金林 贾继东 张明香 黄燕 谢青 王贵强 杨东亮 赵伟 赵彩彦 唐红 蔺淑梅 龚国忠 牛俊奇 高志良 Sarah Kopecky-Bromberg Linch Fredrick Niloufar Mobashery Wang Ye 王介非 2018中华肝脏病杂志2018,26,5:18
2在初治和经治丙型肝炎病毒基因1b型慢性感染的代偿期肝硬化亚洲成年患者中评价奥比帕利和达塞布韦联合利巴韦林治疗的有效性和安全性显示文摘目的 评估奥比帕利(奥比他韦/帕立瑞韦/利托那韦)25/150/100mg,1次/d和达塞布韦(DSV) 250 mg,2次/d联合利巴韦林在丙型肝炎病毒基因1b型感染的代偿期肝硬化中国大陆成年患者中的有效性和安全性. 方法 采用开放标签、多中心Ⅲ期临床试验,在中国大陆、中国台湾地区和韩国开展,纳入初治和经治基因1b型丙型肝炎病毒感染的代偿期肝硬化(Metavir 评分纤维化分期=F4)成年患者,接受奥比他韦/帕立瑞韦/利托那韦和达塞布韦联合利巴韦林治疗12周.评估患者停药12周获得的持续病毒学应答(SVR)及24周获得的SVR率,并在接受至少1次研究药物的患者中评估有效性和安全性. 结果 共纳入63例中国大陆患者,其中62例(98.4%)患者基线Child-Pugh评分为5分.患者总体SVR12率及SVR24率为100% (95% CI:94.3% ~ 100.0%).发生的大多数不良事件为轻度.常见(发生率≥10%)所有级别不良事件和实验室异常包括总胆红素升高(36.5%)、乏力(19.0%)、非结合胆红素升高(19.0%)、结合胆红素升高(17.5%)和贫血(14.3%).3例(4.8%)患者发生≥3级不良事件,均被研究者判定为与研究药物无关.无患者出现导致提前停药的不良事件. 结论 丙型肝炎病毒基因1b型感染的代偿期肝硬化中国大陆患者接受奥比他韦/帕立瑞韦/利托那韦和达塞布韦联合利巴韦林治疗12周,停药12周和24周的SVR均为100%.耐受性及安全性良好,大多数不良事件为轻度.魏来 王贵强 Sarah Kopecky-Bromberg 成军 诩青 汪茂荣 许敏 段钟平 侯金林 张明香 张跃新 唐红 赵伟 蔺淑梅 贾战生 牛俊奇 高志良 袁宏 林明华 周新民 Luo Yan Linda Fredrick Niloufar Mobashery Wang Ye 贾继东 2018中华肝脏病杂志2018,26,5:17
3河流盆地的硅持留:对沿海及海洋环境生物地球化学和水生食物网的深远影响显示文摘河流的拦截调蓄和河流盆地的富营养化大大地降低了溶解态硅(DSi)向黑海和波罗的海的输入。尽管流域中的人为输入可以补偿湖泊和水库中去除的N和P,但却不能补偿DSi。看来河流径流中营养物组成(DSi:N:P比)的变化是黑海浮游植物种类构成戏剧性转变的原因。在波罗的海,DSi浓度和DSi:N比从60年代以来一直在下降,表现为春天旺发的硅藻比例下降,而鞭毛藻却增加了。这对黑海和波罗的海沿海生物地球化学循环和食物网结构的影响可能是深远的,因为它表明,随着以调蓄河水为目的的水坝建设的不断增加,河流输送的DSi的下降可能正在世界范围发生。Christoph Humborg Daniel J. Conley Lars Rahm Fredrick Wulff Adriana Cociasu Venugopalan Ittekkot 张国梁 2000AMBIO-人类环境杂志2000,29,1:9
4Evaluation of soil washing process with carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin and carboxymethyl chitosan for recovery of PAHs/heavy metals/fluorine from metallurgic plant site显示文摘Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)/heavy metals/fluorine(F) mixed-contaminated sites caused by abandoned metallurgic plants are receiving wide attention. To address the associated environmental problems,this study was initiated to investigate the feasibility of using carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin(CMCD) and carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC) solution to enhance ex situ soil washing for extracting mixed contaminants. Further,Tenax extraction method was combined with a first-three-compartment model to evaluate the environmental risk of residual PAHs in washed soil. In addition,the redistribution of heavy metals/F after decontamination was also estimated using a sequential extraction procedure. Three successive washing cycles using50 g/L CMCD and 5 g/L CMC solution were effective to remove 94.3% of total PAHs,93.2% of Pb,85.8% of Cd,93.4% of Cr,83.2% of Ni and 97.3% of F simultaneously. After the 3rd washing,the residual PAHs mainly existed as very slowly desorbing fractions,which were in the form of well-aged,well-sequestered compounds; while the remaining Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni and F mainly existed as Fe–Mn oxide and residual fractions,which were always present in stable mineral forms or bound to non-labile soil fractions. Therefore,this combined cleanup strategy proved to be effective and environmentally friendly.Mao Ye Mingming Sun Fredrick Orori Kengara Jingting Wang Ni Ni Li Wang Yang Song Xinglun Yang Huixin Li Feng Hu Xin Jiang 2014Journal of Environmental Sciences2014,26,8:8
5Relationship between sonographically measured median nerve cross-sectional area and presence of peripheral neuropathy in diabetic subjects显示文摘BACKGROUND Neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus resulting from direct damage by hyperglycemia to the nerves and/or ischemia by microvascular injury to the endoneurial vessels which supply the nerves. Median nerve is one of the peripheral nerves commonly affected in diabetic neuropathy. The median nerve size has been studied in non-Nigerian diabetic populations. In attempt to contribute to existing literature, a study in a Nigerian population is needed.AIM To evaluate the cross-sectional area(CSA) of the median nerve using B-mode ultrasonography(USS) and the presence of peripheral neuropathy(PN) in a cohort of adult diabetic Nigerians.METHODS Demographic and anthropometric data of 85 adult diabetes mellitus(DM) and 85 age-and sex-matched apparently healthy control(HC) subjects were taken. A complete physical examination was performed on all study subjects to determine the presence of PN and modified Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument(MNSI) was used to grade its severity. Venous blood was taken from the study subjects for fasting lipid profile(FLP), fasting blood glucose(FBG) and glycated haemoglobin(HbA1 c) while their MN CSA was evaluated at a point 5 cm proximal to(5 cmCATL) and at the carpal tunnel(CATL) by high-resolution Bmode USS. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22.RESULTS The mean MN CSA was significantly thicker in DM subjects compared to the HC at 5 cmCATL(P < 0.01) and at the CATL(P < 0.01) on both sides. The presence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) further increased the MN CSA at the CATL(P < 0.05) but not at 5 cmCATL(P > 0.05). However, the severity of DPN had no additional effect on MN CSA 5 cm proximal to and at the CATL. There was no significant association between MN CSA and duration of DM and glycemic control.CONCLUSION Thickening of the MN CSA at 5 cmCATL and CATL is seen in DM. Presence of DPN is associated with worse thickening of the MN CSA at the CATL but not at5 cmCATL. Severity of DPN, duration of DM, and glycemic control had no additional effect on the MN CSA.Fredrick ANDrew Attah Christianah Mopelola Asaleye Adeleye Dorcas Omisore Babatope Ayodeji Kolawole Adeniyi Sunday Aderibigbe Mathew Alo 2019World Journal of Diabetes2019,10,1:8
6Influence of inflow discharge and bed erodibility on outburst flood of landslide dam显示文摘Accurate prediction of the hydrographs of outburst floods induced by landslide dam overtopping failure is necessary for hazard prevention and mitigation. In this study, flume model tests on the breaching of landslide dams were conducted. Unconsolidated soil materials with wide grain size distributions were used to construct the dam. The effects of different upstream inflow discharges and downstream bed soil erosion on the outburst peak discharge were investigated. Experimental results reveal that the whole hydrodynamic process of landslide dam breaching can be divided into three stages as defined by clear inflection points and peak discharges. The larger the inflow discharge, the shorter the time it takes to reach the peak discharge, and the larger the outburst flood peak discharge. The scale of the outburst floods was found to be amplified by the presence of an erodible bed located downstream of the landslide dam. This amplification decreases with the increase of upstream inflow. In addition, the results show that the existence of an erodible bed increases the density of the outburst flow, increasing its probability of transforming from a sediment flow to a debris flow.ZHOU Ming-jun ZHOU Gordon G.D. CUI Kahlil Fredrick E. SONG Dong-ri LU Xue-qiang 2019Journal of Mountain Science2019,16,4:7
7Fate Processes of Chlorobenzenes in Soil and Potential Remediation Strategies: A Review显示文摘Chlorobenzenes(CBs) are a group of organic pollutants that pose a high environmental risk due to their toxicity, persistence and possible transfer in the food chain. Available data in literature show that CBs are detected in different environmental compartments such as soil, water, air and sediment. The widespread presence of CBs in the environment is related to their former extensive use in agriculture and industry. Some CBs are ranked in the list of priority pollutants by the Stockholm Convention, and their reduction or elimination from the environment is therefore of high importance. Environmental risk assessment of CBs requires knowledge on the role and importance of the main environmental fate processes, especially in soil. Furthermore, development of remediation strategies for reduction or elimination of CBs from the environment is related to the enhancement of fate processes that increase their dissipation in various environmental compartments. The main objectives of the current review were to present up-to-date data on fate processes of CBs in the soil environment and to explore possible remediation strategies for soils contaminated with CBs.Dechlorination of highly-chlorinated benzenes is the main degradation pathway under anaerobic conditions, leading to the formation of lower-chlorinated benzenes. Biodegradation of lower-chlorinated benzenes is well documented, especially by strains of adapted or specialized microorganisms. Development of techniques that combine dechlorination of highly-chlorinated benzenes with biodegradation or biomineralization of lower-chlorinated benzenes can result in useful tools for remediation of soils contaminated with CBs. In addition,immobilization of CBs in soil by use of different amendments is a useful method for reducing the environmental risk of CBs.Ferdi BRAHUSHI Fredrick Orori KENGARA SONG Yang JIANG Xin Jean Charles MUNCH WANG Fang 2017Pedosphere2017,27,3:7
8温度对生物基聚酰胺56氢键的影响显示文摘利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测定了升降温过程中聚酰胺56(PA56)的系列红外光谱,考察了PA56红外光谱中酰胺Ⅰ带、酰胺Ⅱ带及N—H伸缩振动谱带随温度变化的情况,分析了温度对PA56氢键的影响。研究发现,随着温度的升高,氢键键合羰基与氨基的红外吸收谱带的峰强逐渐减小,而游离羰基、氨基的红外吸收谱带的峰强缓慢增大。由此表明PA56的氢键密度随着温度的升高而降低。杨婷婷 高远博 MUTUA Fredrick Nzioka 胡红梅 刘修才 郑毅 王学利 何勇 2020东华大学学报(自然科学版)2020,46,2:4
9Identification of Genetic Susceptibility Loci for Colorectal Tumors in a Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis显示文摘Ulrike Peters Shuo Jiao Fredrick R. Schumacher Carolyn M. Hutter Aaron K. Aragaki John A. Baron Sonja I. Berndt Stéphane Bézieau Hermann Brenner Katja Butterbach Bette J. Caan Peter T. Campbell Christopher S. Carlson Graham Casey Andrew T. Chan Jenny Chan 2012Gastroenterology2012,,:4
10基于应变设计的高强钢管道环缝焊接技术显示文摘在复杂地形地貌、地震断裂带和海洋环境等情况下的管道敷设通常采用基于应变的设计方法,这对管道环焊缝的性能提出了特殊的要求。为了掌握基于应变设计条件下高强度管道的环缝焊接技术,设计了FeNi合金焊丝,制定了焊接工艺,进行了环缝焊接试验,并对焊缝金属的力学性能进行了检测。结果表明,所焊环焊缝的性能满足基于应变设计的X80高强钢管道环焊缝的强度与韧性要求,焊缝强韧匹配度较好,且具有大的缺陷容限和高的抗大应变能力。李为卫(编译) 高琦(编译) 刘炜辰(编译) 葛加林(编译) Neerav Verma Doug P.Fairchild Fredrick F.NoeckerⅡ 2020焊管2020,43,5:4
11Compression characteristics of saturated re-compacted glacial tills in Tianmo Gully of Tibet, China显示文摘Glacial tills are highly compressible soils composed of loosely cemented sandy silt particles.Their role,for instance,as initial filler materials in geo-technical projects along temperate glacier regions warrant a systematic evaluation of their compressive characteristics.As such,we carry out a series of onedimensional compression tests on re-compacted glacial till samples obtained from Tianmo Gully,Tibet,with the aims of evaluating their compressive behavior under controlled initial stress conditions.The yield stress was determined from the void ratio versus consolidation pressure(e-log)planes.Its compression and swelling behaviors were observed during the primary and secondary compressions of the consolidation tests.From the compression curves,a correlation can be found between the consolidation stress and the void index.In addition,we find that the compression curves of glacial tills collapse into a single curve when normalized by the compression index.The experimental results in this study provide a basic understanding of the compression characteristics of the glacial tills in Tibet,China.CHEN Lei-lei ZHOU Gordon G.D MU Qing-yi CUI Kahlil Fredrick SONG Dong-ri 2019Journal of Mountain Science2019,16,7:3
12The alternative of CubeSat-based advanced infrared and microwave sounders for high impact weather forecasting显示文摘近年来,小卫星技术的发展给传统气象卫星提供了经济有效的替补方案。本文针对可能出现的传统气象卫星的缺失情形,借助快速的区域观测系统模拟试验,探索了利用小卫星填补空缺的可能性。研究表明,单个小卫星,无论是近红外高光谱还是微波探测仪,都能够对局地强风暴天气的预报有所改进。然而,为了填补传统卫星缺失带来的影响,需要发射三颗甚至更多的小卫星来增加观测的覆盖面,以弥补小卫星精度略低、通道略少的缺陷。LI Zhenglong LI Jun SCHMIT Timothy J. WANG Pei LIM Agnes LI Jinlong NAGLE Fredrick W. BAI Wenguang OTKIN Jason A. ATLAS Robert HOFFMAN Ross N. BOUKABARA Sid-Ahmed ZHU Tong BLACKWELL William J. PAGANO Thomas S. 2019Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2019,12,2:3
13除草剂污染堆肥用量对黄瓜生物有效性的影响显示文摘化学除草已成为确保现代农业生产不可或缺的技术,但因除草剂会在非靶标植物中残留,进而导致堆肥和有机肥料产品被除草剂污染,为避免堆肥及其产品在不合理应用时对后茬植物的生长产生不良影响,造成不可挽回的损失,本试验采用市售基质、普通堆肥和受除草剂污染的堆肥为试材,设置无污染堆肥处理(C1)、氯氨吡啶酸污染堆肥处理(C2)和二氯吡啶酸污染堆肥处理(C3)3个处理,在0、5%、10%和20%堆肥不同用量条件下,以黄瓜的出苗率和播种后45d时植株的节间距、株高、茎粗、植株干质量、叶片数、叶面积、叶片卷曲情况和壮苗指数为评价指标。结果表明,受除草剂污染的堆肥对黄瓜种子的萌发有抑制作用,且堆肥用量越大,出苗率越低,而且黄瓜幼苗表现出严重的除草剂药害症状,植株纤弱,叶片狭小、卷曲。两种除草剂污染堆肥对黄瓜的影响呈现不同的规律,在堆肥用量相同的条件下,氯氨吡啶酸比二氯吡啶酸对黄瓜的药害严重,这表明越高效的除草剂随堆肥或有机肥的施用对后茬敏感植物的药害风险越大。王智中 吕潇 杜龙龙 李彦明 Fredrick C. Michel Jr. 2013中国蔬菜2013,,09X:3
14Effects of water content on the shear behavior and critical state of glacial till in Tianmo Gully of Tibet, China显示文摘Glacial tills are widely distributed in Tibet, China, and are highly susceptible to landslides under intense rainfalls. Failures of the slope during rainfall are closely related to the shear behavior of glacial tills at different moisture conditions. This study investigates the shear behavior and critical state of saturated and unsaturated glacial tills through a series of drained direct shear tests. The tests were conducted on two types of compacted glacial tills with different water contents and total normal stresses. A strain softening mode of failure is observed for all water content conditions accompanied by noticeable dilation. Dilatancy is found to decrease with increasing water content. Unsaturated samples showed increased rates of dilation as water content is decreased for all applied normal stresses a behavior which cannot be predicted well by classical stressdilatancy models. Furthermore, it was found that the Critical State Line(CSL), plotted on the(e-ln) plane, can be used to define the shear behavior of unsaturated glacial tills at different water contents.The CSL of saturated glacial tills run parallel to this line. The experimental results in this study are aimed to provide a basic understanding to the underlying failure mechanisms of glacial tills.ZHOU Gordon G.D. CHEN Lei-lei MU Qing-yi CUI Kahlil Fredrick E. SONG Dong-ri 2019Journal of Mountain Science2019,16,8:2
15Meta-analysis of new genome-wide association studies of colorectal cancer risk显示文摘Ulrike Peters Carolyn M. Hutter Li Hsu Fredrick R. Schumacher David V. Conti Christopher S. Carlson Christopher K. Edlund Robert W. Haile Steven Gallinger Brent W. Zanke Mathieu Lemire Jagadish Rangrej Raakhee Vijayaraghavan Andrew T. Chan Aditi Hazra Dav 2012Human Genetics2012,,2:2
16HGB/TPU复合泡沫材料的制备及泡孔结构研究显示文摘采用空心玻璃微珠(HGB)填充热塑性聚氨酯(TPU),制备了HGB/TPU复合泡沫材料。研究了硅烷偶联剂KH550对HGB的表面处理,并借助SEM探讨了不同发泡方式、发泡剂含量、HGB含量对复合泡沫材料微观形态结构的影响。结果表明:经KH550处理的HGB与TPU基体界面结合良好;通过注塑发泡得到的泡沫材料发泡效果较好;当发泡剂含量为1%、HGB含量为2%时复合泡沫材料的泡孔分布均匀,尺寸较为均一。林佩洁 邵群 Fredrick Nzioka Mutua 路瑶 王依民 2012合成技术及应用2012,27,4:2
17Annual trends of human brucellosis in pastoralist communities of south-western Uganda: a retrospective ten-year study显示文摘Background:Human brucellosis is prevalent in both rural and urban Uganda,yet most cases of the disease in humans go unnoticed and untreated because of inaccurate diagnosis,which is often due to the disease not manifesting in any symptoms.This study was undertaken to describe trends in laboratory-confirmed human brucellosis cases at three health facilities in pastoralist communities in South-western,Uganda.Methods:Data were collected retrospectively to describe trends of brucellosis over a 10-year period(2003–2012),and supplemented with a prospective study,which was conducted from January to December 2013.Two public health facilities and a private clinic that have diagnostic laboratories were selected for these studies.Annual prevalence was calculated and linearly plotted to observe trends of the disease at the health facilities.A modified Poisson regression model was used to estimate the risk ratio(RR)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)to determine the association between brucellosis and independent variables using the robust error variance.Results:A total of 9,177 persons with suspected brucellosis were identified in the retrospective study,of which 1,318(14.4%)were confirmed cases.Brucellosis cases peaked during the months of April and June,as observed in nearly all of the years of the study,while the most noticeable annual increase(11–23%)was observed from 2010 to 2012.In the prospective study,there were 610 suspected patients at two public health facilities.Of these,194(31.8%)were positive for brucellosis.Respondents aged 45–60 years(RR=0.50;CI:0.29–0.84)and those that tested positive for typhoid(RR=0.68;CI:0.52–0.89)were less likely to have brucellosis.Conclusions:With the noticeable increase in prevalence from 2010 to 2012,diagnosis of both brucellosis and typhoid is important for early detection,and for raising public awareness on methods for preventing brucellosis in this setting.Catherine Kansiime Elizeus Rutebemberwa Benon BAsiimwe Fredrick Makumbi Joel Bazira Anthony Mugisha 2015Infectious Diseases of Poverty2015,4,1:2
18Traditional knowledge, use and conservation of plants by the communities of Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya显示文摘Rural communities in Kenya largely depend on plant resources for their livelihood.The utilization of these resources depends on the availability of plant resources and the level of knowledge of the residents.We conducted an ethnobotanical study in Tharaka-Nithi County in Kenya to determine the knowledge and utilization of various plant species by the local communities.The study was conducted in four major administrative regions from June 2018 to February 2019,involving interview schedules using semi-structured open-ended questionnaires and guided field collections with 48 informants.A total of 214 plant species distributed in 73 families and 169 genera with 616 Use Reports(URs)were documented.Fabaceae was the highest family cited by the informants(31 species)followed by Lamiaceae and Euphorbiaceae(each with 11 species).Trees(49%)and shrubs(32%)were the top life forms of the plants frequently utilized by the local residents.The general plant uses reported were medicinal,food,fodder,construction,fuel,pesticidal,religious,live fencing,and making crafts.Zanthoxylum gilletii,Prunus africana,and Solanum incanum were found to be highly valued by the local communities.Plant utilization as food and medicinal uses against snake-bite related problems had the highest Informant Consensus Factor(ICF).Only 29(13.6%)of the species reported had their status assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN).Conservation measures,alongside awareness creation in this region,are highly recommended for the species endemic to the region,highly depended on by the community,and those threatened according to IUCN standards.Vivian Kathambi Fredrick Munyao Mutie Peninah Cheptoo Rono Neng Wei Jacinta Ndunge Munyao Peris Kamau Robert Wahiti Gituru Guang-Wan Hu Qing-Feng Wang 2020Plant Diversity2020,42,6:2
19Family socialization, gender, and sport motiva- tion and involvement显示文摘Fredricks J Eccles J 2005Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology2005,,27:1
20Financial market dynamics显示文摘Fredrick Michael M.D. Johnson 2002Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications2002,,:1
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