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| 1 | Colonic ulcerations may predict steroid-refractory course in patients with ipilimumab-mediated enterocolitis显示文摘AIM To investigate management of patients who develop ipilimumab-mediated enterocolitis, including association of endoscopic findings with steroid-refractory symptoms and utility of infliximab as second-line therapy.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all patients at our centerwith metastatic melanoma who were treated with ipilimumab between March 2011 and May 2014. All patients received a standard regimen of intravenous ipilimumab 3 mg/kg every 3 wk for four doses or until therapy was stopped due to toxicity or disease progression. Basic demographic and clinical data were collected on all patients. For patients who developed grade 2 or worse diarrhea(increase of 4 bowel movements per day), additional data were collected regarding details of gastrointestinal symptoms, endoscopic findings and treatment course. Descriptive statistics were used.RESULTS A total of 114 patients were treated with ipilimumab during the study period and all were included. Sixteen patients(14%) developed ≥ grade 2 diarrhea. All patients were treated with high-dose corticosteroids(1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily or equivalent). Nine of 16 patients(56%) had ongoing diarrhea despite highdose steroids. Steroid-refractory patients received one dose of intravenous infliximab at 5 mg/kg, and all but one had brisk resolution of diarrhea. Fourteen of the patients underwent either colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy with variable endoscopic findings, ranging from mild erythema to colonic ulcers. Among 8 patients with ulcers demonstrated by sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, 7 patients(88%) developed steroidrefractory symptoms requiring infliximab. With a median follow-up of 264 d, no major adverse events associated with prednisone or infliximab were reported.CONCLUSION In patients with ipilimumab-mediated enterocolitis, the presence of colonic ulcers on endoscopy was associated with a steroid-refractory course. | Animesh Jain Evan J Lipson William H Sharfman Steven R Brant Mark G Lazarev | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，11： | 8 |
| 2 | Beyond first-line chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer:An expanding array of therapeutic options?显示文摘While an increasing number of therapeutic options are now available for the first-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer,the optimal choice for treatment in the second-line setting and beyond is less well defined.A variety of cytotoxic agents,either alone or in combination,have been evaluated,although primarily in the context of small single-arm or retrospective studies.Most regimens have been associated with median progression-free survival rates in the range of 2-4 mo and overall survival rates between 4-8mo,highlighting the very poor prognosis of patients who are candidates for such treatment.Targeted therapies studied in this chemotherapy-refractory setting,meanwhile,have produced even worse efficacy results.In the current article,we review the clinical evidence for treatment of refractory disease,primarily in patients who have progressed on front-line gemcitabine-based chemotherapy.In the process,we highlight the limitations of the available data to date as well as some of the challenges in designing appropriate clinical trials in this salvage setting,including how to select an appropriate control arm given the absence of a wellestablished reference standard,and the importance of incorporating predictive biomarkers and quality of life measures whenever possible into study design. | Evan J Walker Andrew H Ko | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，9： | 2 |
| 3 | Gene transfer approaches to the healing of bone and cartilage显示文摘 | Lieberman J R Ghivizzani S C Evans C H | 2002 | Mol Ther2002，6，： | 1 |
| 4 | Novel MMC Microstructure with Tailored Distribution of the Reinforcing Phase 显示文摘 | Peng H X Fan Z Evans J R G | 2001 | Journal of Microscopy2001，201，： | 1 |
| 5 | The management of urinary calculi in pregnancy显示文摘 | Evans H J Wollin T A | 2001 | Curr Opin Urol2001，11，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos显示文摘 | Evans M J Kaufman M H | 1981 | Nature1981，292，5819： | 1 |
| 7 | In vitro effects of che motherapeutic agents on human osteoblast-like eells显示文摘 | Davies J H Evans BA Jenney ME | 2002 | Caleif Tissue Int2002，70，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Cloning of a delta opioid receptor by functional expression显示文摘 | Evans C J Keith D E Morrison H | 1992 | Science1992，258，5090： | 1 |
| 9 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Gohil P Evans T E Ferron J R Moyer R A Petty C C Burrell K H Casper T A Garofalo A M Hyatt A W Jayakumar R J Kessel C Kim J Y La Haye R J Lohr J Luce T C Makowski M A Mazon D Menard J Murakami M Politzer P A Prater R Wade M R | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Problems in radiation environment models at low altitude显示文摘 | Daly E J Evans H D R | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 11 | The prevalence of parasites and pathogens in Asian honeybees Apis cerana in China显示文摘 | Li J L Qin H R Wu J Sadd B M Wang X Evans J D Peng W Chen Y | 2012 | PLoS One2012，7，47： | 1 |
| 12 | Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma of the thyroid gland : a case report and review of literature显示文摘 | Siddiqui M T Evans H L Ro J Y | 1998 | Histopathology1998，32，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Intracellular calcium oscillations regulate ciliary beat frequency of airway epithelial cells 显示文摘 | Evans J H Sanderson M J | 1999 | Cell Calcium1999，26，： | 1 |
| 14 | Photosynthetic acclimation of plants to growth irradiance the relative importance of specific leaf area and nitrogen partitioning in maximizing carbon gain 显示文摘 | EVANS J R POORTER H | 2001 | Plant Cell and Environment2001，24，： | 1 |
| 15 | Impact of non- corrosive forage stabilizer on chemical composition and storage characteristics of lucerne hay显示文摘 | Deetz D A Harrison J H Evans D W | 1993 | Grass and Forage Science1993，48，： | 1 |
| 16 | The Injection Moulding of Fine and Ultra-Fine Zirconia Powders显示文摘 | Song J H Evans J R | 1995 | Ceramics International1995，，21： | 1 |
| 17 | Mechanisms controlling the durability of thermal barrier coatings显示文摘 | EVANS A G MUMM D R HUTCHINSON J W MEIER G H Pettit F S | 2001 | Progress in Materials Science2001，46，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Molecular analysis of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene deletions induced by alpha- and X- radiation in human lymphoblastoid cells显示文摘 | Bao C Y Ma A H Evans H H Horng M F Mencl J Hui T E Sedwick W D | 1995 | Mutation Research1995，326，： | 1 |
| 19 | Typing and subtyping influenza virus using DNA microarrays and multiplex reverse transcriptase PCR显示文摘 | Li J Chen S Evans D H | 2001 | J Clin Microbiol2001，39，2： | 1 |
| 20 | A Genetic Algoritm-based Heuristic for the Dynamic Integrated Forward/Reverse Logistics Network for 3 PLs 显示文摘 | Hyun H J Evans G W | 2007 | Computers & Operations Research2007，24，2： | 1 |
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