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| 1 | Herbal traditional Chinese medicine and its evidence base in gastrointestinal disorders显示文摘Herbal traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is used to treat several ailments, but its efficiency is poorly documented and hence debated, as opposed to modern medicine commonly providinge ffective therapies. The aim of this review article is to present a practical reference guide on the role of herbal TCM in managing gastrointestinal disorders, supported by systematic reviews and evidence based trials. A literature search using herbal TCM combined with terms for gastrointestinal disorders in Pub Med and the Cochrane database identified publications of herbal TCM trials. Results were analyzed for study type, inclusion criteria, and outcome parameters. Quality of placebo controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trials was poor, mostly neglecting stringent evidence based diagnostic and therapeutic criteria. Accordingly, appropriate Cochrane reviews and meta-analyses were limited and failed to support valid, clinically relevant evidence based efficiency of herbal TCM in gastrointestinal diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastric or duodenal ulcer, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. In conclusion, the use of herbal TCM to treat various diseases has an interesting philosophical background with a long history, but it received increasing skepticism due to the lack of evidence based efficiency as shown by high quality trials; this has now been summarized for gastrointestinal disorders, with TCM not recommended for most gastrointestinal diseases. Future studies should focus on placebo controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trials, herbal product quality and standard criteria for diagnosis, treatment, outcome, and assessment of adverse herb reactions. This approach will provide figures of risk/benefit profiles that hopefully are positive for at least some treatment modalities of herbal TCM. Proponents of modern herbal TCM best face these promising challenges of pragmaticmodern medicine by bridging the gap between the two medicinal cultures. | Rolf Teschke Albrecht Wolff Christian Frenzel Axel Eickhoff Johannes Schulze | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，15： | 19 |
| 2 | Drug and herb induced liver injury: Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences scale for causality assessment显示文摘Causality assessment of suspected drug induced liver injury(DILI) and herb induced liver injury(HILI) is hampered by the lack of a standardized approach to be used by attending physicians and at various subsequent evaluating levels. The aim of this review was to analyze the suitability of the liver specific Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences(CIOMS) scale as a standard tool for causality assessment in DILI and HILI cases. PubMed database was searched for the following terms: drug induced liver injury; herb induced liver injury; DILI causality assessment; and HILI causality assessment. The strength of the CIOMS lies in its potential as a standardized scale for DILI and HILI causality assessment. Other advantages include its liver specificity and its validation for hepatotoxicity with excellent sensitivity, specificity and predictive validity, based on cases with a positive reexposure test. This scale allows prospective collection of all relevant data required for a valid causality assessment. It does not require expert knowledge in hepatotoxicity and its results may subsequently be refined. Weaknesses of the CIOMS scale include the limited exclusion of alternative causes and qualitatively graded risk factors. In conclusion, CIOMS appears to be suitable as a standard scale for attending physicians, regulatory agencies, expert panels and other scientists to provide a standardized, reproducible causality assessment in suspected DILI and HILI cases, applicable primarily at all assessing levels involved. 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All | Rolf Teschke Albrecht Wolff Christian Frenzel Alexander Schwarzenboeck Johannes Schulze Axel Eickhoff | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，1： | 11 |
| 3 | Herbal hepatotoxicity:Challenges and pitfalls of causality assessment methods显示文摘The diagnosis of herbal hepatotoxicity or herb induced liver injury(HILI) represents a particular clinical and regulatory challenge with major pitfalls for the causality evaluation.At the day HILI is suspected in a patient,physicians should start assessing the quality of the used herbal product,optimizing the clinical data for completeness,and applying the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences(CIOMS) scale for initial causality assessment.This scale is structured,quantitative,liver specific,and validated for hepatotoxicity cases.Its items provide individual scores,which together yield causality levels of highly probable,probable,possible,unlikely,and excluded.After completion by additional information including raw data,this scale with all items should be reported to regulatory agencies and manufacturers for further evaluation.The CIOMS scale is preferred as tool for assessing causality in hepatotoxicity cases,compared to numerous other causality assessment methods,which are inferior on various grounds.Among these disputed methods are the Maria and Victorino scale,an insufficiently qualified,shortened version of the CIOMS scale,as well as various liver unspecific methods such as thead hoc causality approach,the Naranjo scale,the World Health Organization(WHO) method,and the Karch and Lasagna method.An expert panel is required for the Drug Induced Liver Injury Network method,the WHO method,and other approaches based on expert opinion,which provide retrospective analyses with a long delay and thereby prevent a timely assessment of the illness in question by the physician.In conclusion,HILI causality assessment is challenging and is best achieved by the liver specific CIOMS scale,avoiding pitfalls commonly observed with other approaches. | Rolf Teschke Christian Frenzel Johannes Schulze Axel Eickhoff | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，19： | 9 |
| 4 | Herbalife hepatotoxicity: Evaluation of cases with positive reexposure tests显示文摘AIM: To analyze the validity of applied test criteria and causality assessment methods in assumed Herbalife hepatotoxicity with positive reexposure tests. METHODS: We searched the Medline database for suspected cases of Herbalife hepatotoxicity and retrieved 53 cases including eight cases with a positive unintentional reexposure and a high causality level for Herbalife. First, analysis of these eight cases focused on the data quality of the positive reexposure cases, requiring a baseline value of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) < 5 upper limit of normal (N) before reexposure, with Nas the upper limit of normal, and a doubling of the ALT value at reexposure as compared to the ALT value at baseline prior to reexposure. Second, reported methods to assess causality in the eight cases were evaluated, and then the liver specific Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) scale validated for hepatotoxicity cases was used for quantitative causality reevaluation. This scale consists of various specific elements with scores provided through the respective case data, and the sum of the scores yields a causality grading for each individual case of initially suspected hepatotoxicity. RESULTS: Details of positive reexposure test conditions and their individual results were scattered in virtually all cases, since reexposures were unintentional and allowed only retrospective rather than prospective assessments. In 1/8 cases, criteria for a positive reexposure were fulfilled, whereas in the remaining cases the reexposure test was classified as negative (n = 1), or the data were considered as uninterpretable due to missing information to comply adequately with the criteria (n = 6). In virtually all assessed cases, liver unspecific causality assessment methods were applied rather than a liver specific method such as the CIOMS scale. Using this scale, causality gradings for Herbalife in these eight cases were probable (n = 1), unlikely (n = 4), and excluded (n = 3). Confounding variables in- cluded low data quality, alternative diagnoses, poor exclusion of important other causes, and comedication by drugs and herbs in 6/8 cases. More specifically, problems were evident in some cases regarding temporal association, daily doses, exact start and end dates of product use, actual data of laboratory parameters such as ALT, and exact dechallenge characteristics. Short-comings included scattered exclusion of hepatitis A-C, cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus infection with only globally presented or lacking parameters. Hepatitis Evirus infection was considered in one single patient and found positive, infections by herpes simplexvirus and varicella zoster virus were excluded in none. CONCLUSION: Only one case fulfilled positive reexposure test criteria in initially assumed Herbalife hepatotoxicity, with lower CIOMS based causality gradings for the other cases than hitherto proposed. | Rolf Teschke Christian Frenzel Johannes Schulze Alexander Schwarzenboeck Axel Eickhoff | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，7： | 6 |
| 5 | Impact of body composition on survival and morbidity after liver resection in hepatocellular carcinoma patients显示文摘Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common innate liver tumor. Due to improved surgical techniques, even extended resections are feasible, and more patients can be treated with curative intent. As the liver is the central metabolic organ, preoperative metabolic assessment is crucial for risk stratification. Sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity characterize body composition and metabolic status. Here we present the impact of body composition on survival after liver resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective database analysis of 70 patients who were assigned for liver resection due to hepatocellular carcinoma was conducted. For assessment of sarcopenia and obesity, skeletal muscle surface area was measured at lumbar vertebra 3 level(L3) in preoperative four-phase contrast enhanced abdominal CT scans, and L3 muscle index and body fat percentage were calculated. Results: Univariate analysis comparing the survival curves using the score test demonstrated superior postoperative overall survival for sarcopenic( P = 0.035) and sarcopenic obese( P = 0.048) patients as well as a trend favoring obese( P = 0.130) subjects. Whereas multivariate analysis could not identify significant difference in postoperative survival regarding sarcopenia, obesity or sarcopenic obesity. Only large tumor size, multifocal disease and male gender were risk factors for long-term survival. Conclusions: Sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity are indeed no risk factors for poor postoperative survival in this study. Our data do not support the evaluation of sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity before liver resection in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. | Andreas Kroh Diane Uschner Toine Lodewick Roman M Eickhoff Wenzel Sch?ning Florian T Ulmer Ulf P Neumann Marcel Binneb?sel | 2019 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2019，18，1： | 5 |
| 6 | Diagnosis of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding by intraoperative enteroscopy in 81 consecutive patients显示文摘瞄准:为了由与流血调查一系列选择病人分析 intra 起作用的肠寄生物(IOE ) 的结果和复杂并发症,怀疑了从小肠发源。方法:81 个病人(吝啬的年龄:65 年) 包括 40,男性(49.4%) 和有阴暗胃肠的流血的 41 女性(50.6%) 经历了在 1990 和 2004 之间的 IOE。病人从一个数据库被识别,数据回顾地从病人的图表被选择。所有病人在 IOE 前经历了至少一非诊断的 esophagogastroduodenoscopy,结肠镜检查,标准肠寄生物和否定腹的超声扫描。结果:在病人的中部的最小的血红素水平是 59 + 15 g/L 并且 72.8% 病人以前要求了包装红血球的输送。流血来源在 68 被检测(84%) 病人在 IOE 期间。Angiodysplasiae 在 44 个病人(54.3%) 被发现, 9 个病人(11.1%) 被溃疡在小肠影响。在小肠的一个肿瘤在另外一个被检测 6 个病人。治疗在大多数病人由 argon-plasma-coagulation,外科的缝术或有限切除术组成了。结论:Intra 起作用的肠寄生物仍然为怀疑的小肠流血的诊断被使用。最近的开发象无线的囊内视镜检查法和两倍汽球肠寄生物那样,以后可以导致 IOE 的代替。 | Ralf Jakobs Dirk Hartmann Claus Benz Dieter Schilling Uwe Weickert Axel Eickhoff Klaus Schoenleben Juergen F Riemann | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，2： | 5 |
| 7 | Age-dependent impact of the SYNTAX-score on longer-term mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention in an all-comer population显示文摘在有 TAXUS 和心脏的外科(句法) 的经皮的冠的干预之间的 BackgroundThe 协同作用分数在有复杂冠的动脉疾病的病人是为风险层化和 revascularization 策略选择的一个验证工具。学习是分析它的年龄相关的预示的 value.MethodsSYNTAX 分数的这的目的在经历经皮的冠的干预(一种总线标准) 的 1331 个所有来者病人被计算:463 个病人 75 年和 868 个病人 < 75 年。兴趣的结果是在一个和二 years.ResultsA 点的所有原因死亡为死亡的年龄和句法分数的重要相互作用被观察在二年(P 相互作用 = 0.019 ) 然而并非在一个年后续(P 相互作用 = 0.594 ) 。在 multivariable 分析,句法分数独立地在两个年龄组预言了 1 年的死亡(< 75 年,危险比率(HR ) :1.43, 95% 信心间隔(CI ) :1.03-2.00, P = 0.034;并且 75 年, HR:1.37, 95% CI:1.01-1.85, P = 0.042 ) ,但是在更年轻的病人之中的仅仅二年的死亡(< 75 年, HR:1.33, 95% CI:1.01-1.76, P = 0.041;并且 75 年, HR:1.11, 95% CI:0.87-1.41, P = 0.394 ) 。句法分数 tertiles 是有用的成层在两个的 1 年的死亡,病人 < 75 年(句法分数 < 9, 3.8% ;9-20, 5.3% ;20, 10.3% ;P = 0.004 ) 并且 75 年(句法分数 < 11, 5.7% ;11-22.5, 16.1% ;22.5, 18.7% ;P = 0.003 ) ,但是仅仅在病人之中的二年的死亡 < 75 年(句法分数 < 9, 6.5% ;9-20, 7.6% ;20, 15% ;P < 0.001 ) 并且不在 75 个岁病人之中(句法分数 < 11, 19.4% ;11-22.5, 26.3% ;22.5, 27.9% ;P = 0.138 ).ConclusionsAge 在一种总线标准以后在长术语的死亡上修改句法分数的影响。在病人之中 < 75 年,句法分数独立地在一种总线标准以后在一个和二年点预言死亡的风险,当时在病人之中它的预兆的角色在一种总线标准以后被限制到第一年的 75 年。进一步的研究被需要为在老病人之中选择最适当的 revascularization 策略评估句法分数的价值。 | Madeleine Eickhoff Stefanie Schupke Alexander Khandoga Julia Fabian Moritz Baquet David Jochheim David Grundmann Manuela Thienel Axel Bauer Hans Theiss Stefan Brunner Jorg Hausleiter Steffen Massberg Julinda Mehilli | 2018 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2018，15，9： | 3 |
| 8 | Recurrence rates after endoscopic resection of large colorectal polyps:A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND Complete polyp resection is the main goal of endoscopic removal of large colonic polyps.Resection techniques have evolved in recent years and endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)with margin ablation,cold snare polypectomy(CSP),cold EMR,and underwater EMR have been introduced.Yet,efficacy of these techniques with regard to local recurrence rates(LRRs)vs traditional hot snare polypectomy and standard EMR remains unclear.AIM To analyze LRR of large colonic polyps in a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS MEDLINE,EMBASE,EBM Reviews,and CINAHL were searched for prospective studies reporting LRR or incomplete resection rate(IRR)after colonic polypectomy of polyps≥10 mm,published between January 2011 and July 2021.Primary outcome was LRR for polyps≥10 mm.RESULTS Six thousand nine hundred and twenty-eight publications were identified,of which 34 prospective studies were included.LRR for polyps≥10 mm at up to 12 mo’follow-up was 11.0%(95%CI,7.1%-14.8%;15 studies;4904 polyps).ESD(1.7%;95%CI,0%-3.4%;3 studies,221 polyps)and endoscopic mucosal resection with margin ablation(3.3%;95%CI,2.2%-4.5%;2 studies,947 polyps)significantly reduced LRR vs standard EMR without(15.2%;95%CI,12.5%-18.0%;4 studies,650 polyps)or with unsystematic margin ablation(16.5%;95%CI,15.2%-17.8%;6 studies,3031 polyps).CONCLUSION LRR is significantly lower after ESD or EMR with routine margin ablation;thus,these techniques should be considered standard for endoscopic removal of large colorectal polyps.Other techniques,such as CSP,cold EMR,and underwater EMR require further evaluation in prospective studies before their routine implementation in clinical practice can be recommended. | Carola Rotermund Roupen Djinbachian Mahsa Taghiakbari Markus D Enderle Axel Eickhoff Daniel von Renteln | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，29： | 3 |
| 9 | Feasibility and safety of EUS-guided cryothermal ablation in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer显示文摘 | Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono Silvia Carrara Michele Reni Maria Chiara Petrone Stefano Cappio Gianpaolo Balzano Cinzia Boemo Stefano Cereda Roberto Nicoletti Markus Dominik Enderle Alexander Neugebauer Daniel von Renteln Axel Eickhoff Pier Alberto Testoni | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，6： | 3 |
| 10 | Herbal hepatotoxicity: suspected cases assessed for alternative causes显示文摘 | Rolf Teschke Johannes Schulze Alexander Schwarzenboeck Axel Eickhoff Christian Frenzel | 2013 | European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology2013，，9： | 2 |
| 11 | A prospective two-center study comparing wireless capsule endoscopy with intraoperative enteroscopy in patients with obscure GI bleeding显示文摘 | Dirk Hartmann Harald Schmidt Georg Bolz Dieter Schilling Frank Kinzel Axel Eickhoff Winfried Huschner Kathleen M?ller Ralf Jakobs Peter Reitzig Uwe Weickert Klaus Gellert Harald Schultz Klaus Guenther Hartmut Hollerbuhl Klaus Schoenleben Hans-Joachim Schu | 2005 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2005，，7： | 2 |
| 12 | Diagnostic laparoscopy 显示文摘 | Schneider A R Eickhoff A Arnold J C | 2001 | Endoscopy2001，33，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Effects of rTMS on grip force control following subcortical stroke显示文摘 | Dafotakis M Grefkes C Eickhoff SB | 2008 | Exp Neurol2008，211，： | 1 |
| 14 | A High Temperature Pressure Sensor Prepared by Selective Deposition of Cubic Silicon Carbide on SOI Substrates 显示文摘 | Eickhoff M Moiler H Kroetz G Berg J V Ziermann R | 1999 | Sensors and Actuators1999，74，： | 1 |
| 15 | Phase I trial of tremelimumab in combination with short-term androgen deprivation in patients with PSA-recurrent prostate cancer显示文摘 | McNeel DG Smith HA Eickhoff JC | 2012 | Cancer Immunol Immunother2012，61，7： | 1 |
| 16 | Elevated DNA single strand breakage frequencies in lymphocytes of welders exposed to chromium and nickel 显示文摘 | Weffel U Langen V Eickhoff I | 1998 | Carcinogenesis1998，19，3： | 1 |
| 17 | A new SPM tool- box for combining probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps and func- tional imaging data 显示文摘 | Eickhoff SB Stephan KE Mohlberg H | 2005 | Neuroimage2005，25，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Segregation of visceral and somatosensory afferents:an f MRI and cytoarchitectonic mapping study显示文摘 | Eickhoff SB Lotze M Wietek B | 2006 | Neuroimage2006，31，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Pharmaceutical care in community pharmacies:practice and research in Germany显示文摘 | Eickhoff C Schulz M | 2006 | Annals of Pharmacotherapy2006，40，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Testing anatomically spec- ified hypotheses in functional imaging using cytoarchitectonic maps显示文摘 | Eickhoff SB Heim S Zilles K | 2006 | Neuroimage2006，32，： | 1 |
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