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| 1 | Current clinical approach to achalasia显示文摘Idiopathic achalasia is a rare primary motility disorder of the esophagus. The classical features are incomplete relaxation of a frequently hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and a lack of peristalsis in the tubular esophagus. These motor abnormalities lead to dysphagia, stasis, regurgitation, weight loss, or secondary respiratory complications. Although major strides have been made in understanding the pathogenesis of this rare disorder, including a probable autoimmune mediated destruction of inhibitory neurons in response to an unknown insult in genetically susceptible individuals, a definite trigger has not been identified. The diagnosis of achalasia is suggested by clinical features and conf irmed by further diagnostic tests, such as esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), manometry or barium swallow. These studies are not only used to exclude pseudoachalasia, but also might help to categorize the disease by severity or clinical subtype. Recent advances in diagnostic methods, including high resolution manometry (HRM), might allow prediction of treatment responses. The primary treatments for achieving long-term symptom relief are surgery and endoscopic methods. Although limited high-quality data exist, it appears that laparoscopic Heller myotomy with partial fundoplication is superior to endoscopic methods in achieving long-term relief of symptoms in the majority of patients. However, the current clinical approach to achalasia will depend not only on patients' characteristics and clinical subtypes of the disease, but also on local expertise and patient preferences. | Alexander J Eckardt Volker F Eckardt | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，32： | 20 |
| 2 | 肾脏病学的新创意:“肾脏疾病:改善全球预后”(KDIGO)显示文摘慢性肾脏病(CKD)是世界范围的医疗和公共卫生问题,并开始呈现流行性的特点.美国肾脏数据系统(USRDS)的数据提示,终末期肾衰的发病率呈上升趋势,因此对于这一问题的重视日益增加.根据近期USRDS登记系统提供的资料,世界范围内需要肾脏替代治疗(RRT)的终末期肾病(ESRD)患者数目持续上升,其中我国台湾、美国和日本最多(254~365人/100万人)[1].卡塔尔和巴斯克地区的儿童患病率最高,分别为33.7人/100万人和22.7人/100万人;在大于等于20岁患者中患病率最高的是卡塔尔、美国和台湾.在欧洲,德国的患病率最高,2000年为175人/100万人.在RRT仍在发展中的东欧,报道的患病率低于西欧[2]. | Norbert Lameire Garabed Eknoyan Rashad Barsoum Kai-Uwe Eckardt Adeera Levin Nathan Levin Francesco Locatelli Alison Macleod Raymond Vanholder Rowan Walker Haiyan Wang 张路霞 王海燕 | 2005 | 中华肾脏病杂志2005，21，12： | 19 |
| 3 | 经支气管超声引导针吸活检在肺癌纵隔分期和胸腔内病变诊断中的应用显示文摘既往研究显示,经支气管超声引导针吸活检(endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration, EBUS-TBNA)是一项微创技术,可用于肺癌患者的纵隔分期、胸腔内病变的诊断、不明原因淋巴结肿大的诊断以及非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)新辅助化疗后的纵隔再分期。本综述旨在关注EBUS在NSCLC纵隔分期中的作用,以及EBUS在进一步评估通过常规检查仍诊断未明的胸腔内病变中的应用。总之,就NSCLC患者纵隔分期而言,由于EBUS的诊断敏感性和特异性均较高,其为纵隔镜检查的有效替代,亦可用于疑似胸腔病变的活检,且不会给患者带来任何并发症风险。 | Jens ECKARDT Peter B.LICHT 南娟(译) 丁燕(译) 刘谦(校) | 2010 | 中国肺癌杂志2010，13，5： | 13 |
| 4 | Predisposing factors for atrial fibrillation in the elderly显示文摘 | Kristina Wasmer Lars Eckardt Gunter Breithardt | 2017 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2017，14，3： | 5 |
| 5 | 慢性肾脏病患者铁剂应用的争议:来自改善全球肾脏病预后组织(KDIGO)会议的结论显示文摘慢性肾脏病和终末期肾病患者常需补铁治疗。但近年来铁剂的使用逐年增加,带来了铁超载、氧化应激和超敏反应等新问题,并可能促进感染的发生,其使用的安全性受到关注。为此,改善全球肾脏病预后组织(KDIGO)召开专家组会议,全面评估铁剂使用的利和弊,并且提供合理使用方案以减轻急性反应及其他毒副作用。 | Iain C.Macdougall Andreas J.Bircher Kai-Uwe Eckardt Gregorio T.Obrador Carol A.Pollock Peter Stenvinkel Dorine W.Swinkels Christoph Wanner Gü nter Weiss Glenn M.Chertow 陈佩玲(翻译) 龚德华(审校) | 2016 | 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志2016，，4： | 5 |
| 6 | Endoscopic findings in patients with Schatzki rings:Evidence for an association with eosinophilic esophagitis显示文摘AIM:To investigate endoscopic findings in patients with Schatzki rings(SRs) with a focus on evidence for eosinophilic esophagitis(EoE).METHODS:We consecutively approached all adult patients scheduled for elective outpatient upper endoscopy for a variety of indications at the German Diagnostic Clinic,Wiesbaden,Germany between July 2007 and July 2010.All patients with endoscopically diagnosed SRs,defined as thin,symmetrical,mucosal structures located at the esophagogastric junction,were prospectively registered.Additional endoscopic findings,clinical information and histopathological findings with a focus on esophageal eosinophilia(≥ 20 eosinophils/high power field) were recorded.The criteria for active EoE were defined as:(1) eosinophilic tissue infiltration ≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf;(2) symptoms of esophageal dysfunction;and(3) exclusion of other causes of esophageal eosinophilia.Gastroesophageal reflux disease was excluded by proton pump inhibitor treatment prior to endoscopy.The presence of ≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf in esophageal biopsies in patients that did not fulfil the criteria of EoE was defined as esophageal hypereosinophilia.RESULTS:A SR was diagnosed in 171(3.3%;128 males,43 females,mean age 66 ± 12.9 years) of the 5163 patients that underwent upper gastrointestinalendoscopy.Twenty of the 116 patients(17%) from whom esophageal biopsies were obtained showed histological hypereosinophilia(≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf).Nine of these patients(8 males,1 female,mean age 49 ± 10 years) did not fulfill all diagnostic criteria of EoE,whereas in 11(9%) patients with ≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf,a definite diagnosis of EoE was made.Three of the 11 patients(27%) with definite EoE had no suspicious endoscopic features of EoE.In contrast,in the 25 patients in whom EoE was suspected by endoscopic features,EoE was only confirmed in 7(28%) patients.Patients with EoE were younger(mean age 41.5 ± 6.5 vs 50.5 ± 11.5 years,P = 0.012),were more likely to have a history of allergies(73% vs 29%,P = 0.007) and complained more often of dysphagia(91% vs 34%,P = 0.004) and food impaction(36% vs 6%,P = 0.007) than patients without EoE.Endoscopically,additional webs were found significantly more often in patients with EoE than in patients without EoE(36% vs 11%,P = 0.04).Furthermore,the SR had a tendency to be narrower in patients with EoE than in those without EoE(36% vs 18%,P = 0.22).The percentage of males(73% vs 72%,P = 1.0) and frequency of heartburn(27% vs 27%,P = 1.0) were not significantly different in both groups.The 9 patients with esophageal hypereosinophilia that did not fulfil the diagnostic criteria of EoE were younger(mean age 49 ± 10 years vs 58 ± 6 years,P = 0.0008) and were more likely to have a history of allergies(78% vs 24%,P = 0.003) than patients with < 20 eosinophils/hpf.Predictors of EoE were younger age,presence of dysphagia or food impaction and a history of allergies.CONCLUSION:A significant proportion of patients with SRs also have EoE,which may not always be suspected according to other endoscopic features. | Michaela Müller Alexander J Eckardt Annette Fisseler-Eckhoff Susanne Haas Ines Gockel Till Wehrmann | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，47： | 2 |
| 7 | Is the schatzki ring a unique esophageal entity?显示文摘AIM:To study,whether the association of Schatzki rings with other esophageal disorders support one of the theories about its etiology.METHODS:From 1987 until 2007,all patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic Schatzki rings (SRs) were prospectively registered and followed.All of them underwent structured interviews with regards to clinical symptoms,as well as endoscopic and/or radiographic examinations.Endoscopic and radiographic studies determined the presence of an SR and additional morphological abnormalities.RESULTS:One hundred and sixty-seven patients (125 male,42 female) with a mean age of 57.1±14.6 years were studied.All patients complained of intermittent dysphagia for solid food and 113 (79.6%) patients had a history of food impaction.Patients experienced symptoms for a mean of 4.7±5.2 years before diagnosis.Only in 23.4% of the 64 patients who had endoscopic and/or radiological examinations before their first presentation to our clinic,was the SR previously diagnosed.At presentation,the mean ring diameter was 13.9±4.97 mm.One hundred and sixty-two (97%) patients showed a sliding hiatal hernia.Erosive reflux esophagitis was found in 47 (28.1%) patients.Twenty-six (15.6%) of 167 patients showed single or multiple esophageal webs;five (3.0%) patients exhibited eosinophilic esophagitis;and four (2.4%) had esophageal diverticula.Four (7%) of 57 patients undergoing esophageal manometry had nonspecific esophageal motility disorders.CONCLUSION:Schatzki rings are frequently associated with additional esophageal disorders,which support the assumption of a multifactorial etiology.Despite typical symptoms,SRs might be overlooked. | Michaela Müller Ines Gockel Philip Hedwig Alexander J Eckardt Kathrin Kuhr Jochem Knig Volker F Eckardt | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，23： | 2 |
| 8 | 我们应该怎样利用新抗凝剂治疗急性肺栓塞?显示文摘由于大多数的治疗都增加了出血并发症的风险,因此急性肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)患者的治疗成为临床医生面临的一大挑战。80%的PE患者具有可识别的诱发因素, | Jens Eckardt Mads Nybo 章仲恒 何建行 | 2013 | 国际病理科学与临床杂志2013，33，3： | 2 |
| 9 | Multi grating quasi phase matched optical parametric oscillator in periodically poled LiNbOa显示文摘 | Myers L E Eckardt R C Fejer M M | 1996 | OptLett1996，21，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Feedback modulation of renal and hepatic erythropoietin mRNA in response to graded anemia and hypoxia显示文摘 | Eckardt KU Firth JD | 1992 | Am J Physiol1992，263，32： | 1 |
| 11 | Quasi-phase-matched optical parametric oscillators in bulk periodically poled LiNbO3显示文摘 | R C Eckardt M M Fejer | 1995 | Journal of Optical Society of America B1995，12，11： | 1 |
| 12 | Phase Ⅲ study of oral compared with intravenous topotecan as second-line therapy in small-cell lung cancer显示文摘 | Eckardt JR von Pawel J Pujol JL | 2007 | J Clin Oncol2007，25，22： | 1 |
| 13 | Pathogenesis of renal anemia显示文摘 | Nangaku M Eckardt KU | 2006 | Semin Nephrol2006，26，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Renal failure in liver disease显示文摘 | Eckardt KU | 1999 | Intens Care Med1999，25，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Complement components and terminal complement complex in oesophageal smooth muscle of patients with achalasia显示文摘 | STORCH W B ECKARDT V F JUNGINGER T | 2002 | Cell Mol Boil2002，48，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Definition and classification of chronic kidney disease: a position statement from Kidney Disease : Improving Global Outcomes ( KD1GO ) 显示文摘 | Levey AS Eckardt KU Tsukamoto Y | 2005 | Kidney Int2005，67，： | 1 |
| 17 | Pathogenesis of renal anemia显示文摘 | Nangaku M Eckardt KU | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Comparable activity with oral topotecan/cisolatin (TC) and etoposide/cisoatin (PE) as treatment for chemotherapy patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer: final results of a randomized phase III trial显示文摘 | Eckardt JR yon Pawel J Manikhas G | 2003 | Chemotherapy2003，49，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Melanotic neuroectodermal- tumor of infancy involving the mandible: 7-year follow-up after hemimandibulectomy and costochondral graft reconstruction 显示文摘 | Eckardt A Swennen G Teltzrow T | 2001 | J Craniofac Surg2001，12，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Development of Docetaxel in Advanced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer显示文摘 | Eckardt J | 2004 | Lung Cancer2004，，： | 1 |
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