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| 1 | 中欧高压直流电网技术论坛综述显示文摘高压柔性直流输电和直流电网技术是解决可再生能源并网和大规模远距离传输最有效的方案之一。2015年9月7日和8日,在CIGRE(国际大电网会议)和中国电机工程学会的大力支持下和柏诚集团英国分公司(WSP|Parsons Brinckerhoff)的协助下,全球能源互联网研究院在英国伯明翰举行了为期两天的高压柔性直流输电和直流电网高峰技术论坛,邀请了欧洲和中国学术界、工业界直流输电和直流电网领域的40余位资深科研专家和决策者。本次论坛旨在通过对话,交流和探讨本领域的关键性问题、前沿技术以及未来发展方向。论坛期间,与会者展示了各自相关项目的实施、最新进展和成果。与此同时还对该领域现存的技术挑战和未来研究方向进行了广泛的讨论。该文从技术角度概述了与会者在高压柔性直流输电和直流电网技术领域的最新进展和成果,综述了本次论坛在柔性直流输电和直流电网领域所讨论的一些主要技术,介绍了参会的部分国际著名直流输电设备主要生产商的研发动态,根据论坛的讨论环节总结归纳了在高压柔性直流输电和直流电网领域所存在的挑战。 | 安婷 Bjarne Andersen Norman MacLeod 王伟男 | 2017 | 电网技术2017，41，8： | 40 |
| 2 | 肾脏病学的新创意:“肾脏疾病:改善全球预后”(KDIGO)显示文摘慢性肾脏病(CKD)是世界范围的医疗和公共卫生问题,并开始呈现流行性的特点.美国肾脏数据系统(USRDS)的数据提示,终末期肾衰的发病率呈上升趋势,因此对于这一问题的重视日益增加.根据近期USRDS登记系统提供的资料,世界范围内需要肾脏替代治疗(RRT)的终末期肾病(ESRD)患者数目持续上升,其中我国台湾、美国和日本最多(254~365人/100万人)[1].卡塔尔和巴斯克地区的儿童患病率最高,分别为33.7人/100万人和22.7人/100万人;在大于等于20岁患者中患病率最高的是卡塔尔、美国和台湾.在欧洲,德国的患病率最高,2000年为175人/100万人.在RRT仍在发展中的东欧,报道的患病率低于西欧[2]. | Norbert Lameire Garabed Eknoyan Rashad Barsoum Kai-Uwe Eckardt Adeera Levin Nathan Levin Francesco Locatelli Alison Macleod Raymond Vanholder Rowan Walker Haiyan Wang 张路霞 王海燕 | 2005 | 中华肾脏病杂志2005，21，12： | 19 |
| 3 | 闽北红壤区牧草引种与筛选研究 Ⅰ.温带种显示文摘引进88个温带品种(系)在福建省建阳市试种,按《印尼植物基因资源田间评价》方法进行观测记载,用PATN聚类软件进行分析,研究其适应性,筛选出白三叶(Haifa)、小黑麦(Triticale)、鸡脚草(Porto)、弯叶画眉草(Consol)4个优良温带牧草品种(系)。小黑麦是一年生优势牧草新品种,表现出早春高产、耐铝、耐酸,其谷粒和植株茎叶均可作优质饲料;鸡脚草、弯叶画眉草表现多年生、耐瘠、高产、优质;白三叶具越夏性,表现多年生。 | 罗涛 翁伯琦 林娇健 刘长怀 Casanova A. Horne P. MacLeod D. Scot J. | 1998 | 福建农业学报1998，13，2： | 8 |
| 4 | The genetics of nicotine dependence:Relationship to Pancreatic cancer显示文摘SmoKing or tobacco products continues to De a major cause of worldwide health problems. Epidemiological studies have shown that tobacco smoking is the greatest risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer. Smokers who are able to quit smoking can reduce their risk of pancreatic cancer by nearly 50% within two years, however, their risk of developing pancreatic cancer remains higher than that of non-smokers for 10 years. Nicotine is the major psychoactive substance in tobacco, and is responsible for tobacco dependence and addiction. Recent evidence suggests that individuals have genetically based differences in their ability to metabolize nicotine, as well as genetic differences in the psychological reward pathways that may influence individual response to smoking initiation, dependence, addiction and cessation. Numerous associations have been reported between smoking behavior and genetic polymorphisms in genes that are responsible for nicotine metabolism. In addition, polymorphisms in genes that encode neurotransmitters and transporters that function in psychological reward pathways have been implicated in differences in smoking behavior. However, there is a large degree of between-study variability that demonstrates the need for larger, well-controlled case-control studies to identify target genes and deduce mechanisms that account for the genetic basis of inter-individual differences in smoking behavior. Understanding the genetic factors that increase susceptibility to tobacco addiction may result in more effective tobacco cessation programs which will, in turn, reduce the incidence of tobacco related disease, including pancreatic cancer. | Stewart L MacLeod Parimal Chowdhury | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，46： | 5 |
| 5 | 服务于创意生活的博物馆设计显示文摘博物馆设计包括建筑设计和展览设计两方面。20世纪,欧洲和美国的博物馆原先丰富的实物展示逐渐被叙事展览取代,后者集空间、媒体、藏品和故事于一身,形成复杂的高感官体验。博物馆应该是一个拥有多样化复杂资源的集合体,为民众的创意生活服务。在服务于商业开发的社会下,博物馆的公共服务观念在渐渐消失。所以我们要重新思考博物馆的作用、责任和社会(或空间)形态。博物馆设计是一项社会艺术,建筑形态是对社会关系和多元经历的积极回应。以研究为导向的博物馆设计能推进博物馆的建设和发展,使之为我们共同的社会增添意义。 | 傅翼(译) | 2017 | 东南文化2017，，4： | 4 |
| 6 | FK506对实验性卒中疗效的系统评价和Meta分析显示文摘FK506是治疗急性卒中的一种候选用药。决定一种药物是否可以用于临床试验,应当以全面的、无偏倚的动物实验数据的评估为依据,同时还应考虑到这些数据的局限性。这种评估不但应包括药物疗效,而且也应包括药效在体内的特征和局限性。本研究应用系统评价和Meta分析的方法对FK506在卒中动物模型中保护作用的证据进行评价。总共纳入了29个描述了实验步骤的研究,包括1759只动物。结果显示,FK506疗效的点估计值(结局指标的改善)是31.3%[95%CI(0.272-0.354)]。在采用氯胺酮麻醉和短暂性脑缺血的动物实验中,FK506的疗效更高,在使用大鼠,合并其他疾病的动物及仅以梗死面积为疗效指标的实验中,FK506疗效较低。已发表的实验研究质量均接近临床试验标准,但在高质量的研究中,FK506的疗效较低。FK506在实验性脑卒中的研究中,虽然显示出有明显的疗效,但是应注意由于研究质量和可能的发表偏倚等冈素的影响,FK506的疗效可能被过高估计。 | Malcolm R Macleod Tori O’Collins Laura L Horky David W Howells Geoffrey A Donnan 段建钢 | 2006 | 中国循证医学杂志2006，6，6： | 3 |
| 7 | Morphometrics:History,development methods and prospects显示文摘Morphometrics has been pursued by graphical and computational means since the European Renaissance,drawing on core geometric principles first discovered in China and Classical Greece.Through the late 1800 s,two distinct approaches to such analyses were pursued:a deformationist approach,epitomized by D'Arcy Thompson's graphical trans-formation grids and the statistical approach popularized by Francis Galton,Karl Pearson,and Julian Huxley in which Cartesian spaces were employed to summarize patterns of variation in size and/or shape variables.Unification of these approaches was an oft-stated goal throughout the 20 th century,but proved elusive until the mid-1980 s when David Kendall,Fred Bookstein,and Colin Goodall proposed a radically new way of understanding form — as the locations of configurations of landmarks on the surfaces of a nested series of hyperdimensional manifolds.Once this new mathematics of form was understood development of basic concepts,procedures,graphical tools,and statistical tests followed quickly such that the core of the long-hoped for synthesis took less than a decade to achieve.The result — geometric morphometrics — continues to develop into an ever-more extensive toolkit that can be used by researchers to describe and understand a wide range of problems involving the characterization of morphological similarities and differences in all of their many and varied contexts.In particular,the new approaches involving the direct analysis of image pixels and new tools such as machine learning and artificial intelligence are set to reinvigorate(and possibly to revolutionize) the field once again. | Norman MacLeod | 2017 | Zoological Systematics2017，42，1： | 3 |
| 8 | Screening-level exposure-based prioritization to identify potential POPs, vPvBs and planetary boundary threats among Arctic contaminants显示文摘A report that reviews Arctic contaminants that are not currently regulated as persistent organic pollutants(POPs)under international treaties was recently published by the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme(AMAP).We evaluated 464 individual chemicals mentioned in the AMAP report according to hazard profiles for POPs,very persistent and very bioaccumulative(vPvB)chemicals,and two novel and distinct hazard profiles we derived from the planetary boundary threat framework.The two planetary boundary threat profiles assign high priority to chemicals that will be mobile and poorly reversible environmental contaminants.Utilizing persistence as a proxy for poor reversibility,we defined two exposure-based hazard profiles;airborne persistent contaminants(APCs)and waterborne persistent contaminants(WPCs)that are potential planetary boundary threats.We used in silico estimates of physicochemical properties and multimedia models to calculate hazard metrics for persistence,bioaccumulation and long-range transport potential,then we synthesized this information into four exposure-based hazard scores of the potential of each AMAP chemical to fit each of the POP,vPvB,APC and WPC exposure-based hazard profiles.As an alternative to adopting a“bright line”score that represented cause for concern,we scored the AMAP chemicals by benchmarking against a reference set of 148 known and relatively well-studied contaminants and expressed their exposure-based hazard scores as percentile ranks against the scores of the reference set chemicals.Our results show that scores in the four exposure-based hazard profiles provide complementary information about the potential environmental exposure-based hazards of the AMAP chemicals.Our POP,vPvB,APC and WPC exposure-based hazard scores identify high priority chemicals for further study from among the AMAP contaminants. | Efstathios Reppas-Chrysovitsinos Anna Sobek Matthew MacLeod | 2017 | Emerging Contaminants2017，3，2： | 3 |
| 9 | Challenges in the design and production of narrow band filters for optical fiber telecommunications显示文摘 | MACLEOD A | 2000 | SPIE2000，4094，： | 2 |
| 10 | Stroke显示文摘 | Geoffrey A Donnan Marc Fisher Malcolm Macleod Stephen M Davis | 2008 | The Lancet . 2008 (9624)2008，，9624： | 2 |
| 11 | Stroke显示文摘 | Geoffrey A Donnan Marc Fisher Malcolm Macleod Stephen M Davis | 2008 | The Lancet2008，，9624： | 2 |
| 12 | S100A10, annexin A2, and annexin a2 heterotetramer as candidate plasminogen receptors 显示文摘 | Kwon M MacLeod TJ Zhang Y | 2005 | Front Biosci2005，234，10： | 1 |
| 13 | The role of human glutathione S-transferases (hGSTs) in the detoxification of the food-derived carcinogen metabolite N-acetoxy-PhIP, and the effect of a polymorphism in hGSTA1 on colorectal cancer risk显示文摘 | Coles B Nowell SA MacLeod SL Sweeney C Lang NP Kadlubar FF | 2001 | Mutat Res2001，482，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Hypersensitivity to colchicines 显示文摘 | Macleod J G | 1947 | Ann Rheum Dis1947，6，9： | 1 |
| 15 | Prediction of in-hospital mortalityand length of stay using an early warning scoeing system:clinical audit显示文摘 | Paterson R Macleod DC Thetford D | 2006 | Clin Med2006，6，3： | 1 |
| 16 | A prospective cohort study of maternal and neonatal morbidity in relation to use of episiotomy at op- erative vaginal delivery 显示文摘 | Macleod M Strachan B Bahl R | 2008 | B JOG2008，115，13： | 1 |
| 17 | Economic valuation of the influence of invasive alien species on the econo- my of the Seychelles islands 显示文摘 | Mwebaze P MacLeod A Tomlinson D | 2010 | Ecological Economics2010，69，： | 1 |
| 18 | Iatrogenic nerve injury with the Russell-Taylor humeral nail显示文摘 | Blyth M J Macleod CM Asante DK Kinninmonth AW | 2003 | Injury2003，34，： | 1 |
| 19 | A default mode of brain function显示文摘 | Raichle ME MacLeod AM Snyder AZ | 2001 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2001，98，2： | 1 |
| 20 | A default mode of brain function显示文摘 | Raichle ME MacLeod AM Snyder AZ | 2001 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2001，98，2： | 1 |
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